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PAG»4~TY~~pRES,,t.,JhJy~aIceDEC I~70 1988 St. John founded in 1 th century St. John Ambulance had its beginning about the middle of the 11th century, with the founding of a hospital for Christiari pilgrims in Jerusalem by a group of Benedictine moncs who became known as the Brothers of the Hospital of St. John. When the Crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099, many of their wounded were cared for in the hospice and' its fame spread throughout Europe. Gifts of land of other substantial support were bestowed upon the Brothers and in 1113 they were able to form themselves into a separate order of hospitalers - the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem. Early in the 12th century, while continuing the work of the Hospice of the Order, they also assumed the military protection of the pilgrims and became a military as well as monastic order. Members became known as the Knights of St. John or the Knights Hospitallers and achieved great fame in the wars of the Holy Land. As the order's estates increased in many parts of Europe, a number of branches or "langues," in Provence, Auvergne, France, Italy, Aragon, Germany and England. Later the langue of Castile was formed. In 1921 Acre, the last Christian stronghold in the Holy Land, was lost and the knights who survived sailed to Cyprus to reform their forces. In 1310 they captured Rhodes where they established a new headquarters and hospital. Here they also established a fleet and became a great naval force until, in 1552, after a long siege, they were forced to capitulate. In 1530 they were granted the Island of Malta by Emperor Charles V and from there continued their war against the Barbary Corsairs. In 1565, at the great siege of Malta, they turned back the foe and for 233 years the Order dominated the Mediterranean. In the 18th century, the order's power waned and in 1796 Napolean captured Malta with little opposition, ending the military activities of the Order of St. John. From that time forward, the Knights of St. John devoted their energies to work of charity. A branch of the order was established in England about 1140 and later was granted land in Clerkenwell. The Knights had also established themselves in Scotland and in Ireland. In 1540 the order was suppressed by King Henry VIII though legally the English Langue continued to exist in Malta. On the order's revival in England in 1831, its first task was to adapt itself to the needs of the time and its members turned to charitable work. In 1870, during the Franco Prussian War, several members offered their services in ambulance work in. the field. Experience proved the great need for lay persons trained in the care of the sick and injured, and as a result, the Order in England formed the St. John Ambulance Association in 1877 to teach first aid, home nursing and related subjects. In 1877 the St. John Ambulance Brigade was formed as a· corps of men and women trained in these subjects and enrolled for voluntary service. In 1882 the Order in England was permitted to re-establish a hospital in Jerusalem. Because of the prevalence of eye diseases in the "Middle East, this was established as an ophthalmic hospital. As a result of the order's humanitarian service, Queen Victoria in 1888 granted a royal charter incorporating the Grand Priory in the British realm of The Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem. Liaison is maintained with the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, which has its headquarters in Rome; with the order in Germany and its association in Switzerland, Finland, Hungary and France; with the national orders of Sweden and the Netherlands. In 1958 the American Society of The Most Venerable Order was established with headquarters in New York. The work of the order and its foundations has spread throughout the Commonwealth and priories of the order are established in South Africa, New Zealand, Canada and Australia. ST. JOHN AMBULANCE teaches arises. Here students are taught how many lifesaving techniques, includ- to handle injuries that could arise ing how to act when an emergency from an automobile accident. Airnual budget tops $8-mdliion The St. John Ambulance annual national budget is more than $8 million. The' money is spent on equipment for the 12,000 brigade members, stretchers, first aid supplies, textbooks, training aids and a variety of other materials. Salaries for the 235 permanent staff members in national and provincial offices are included in this budget. The money is raised in several ways. In approximately 70 Canadian cities and towns, St. John is a member of the United Way. In another 50 communities, St. John conducts its own fundraising appeal once a year. ANREW congratulates ST. JOHN AMBULANCE on 25 years of public service ANDREW ANTENNA COMPANY LIMITED 606 Beech Street. Whitby, Ontario Canada LN 5S2 Phono (416) 668-3348 Telex 06-981269 * CANCER INFORMATION SERVICE CALL 1-800-263-6750