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1 r - ., -- THURSDAY, APRIL 13, 1939 YOUR WORLD AND MN (opyrigt J~ ~~ BYJH .KRWOOD Many times I have had the idea- on free-range than on the in- that operating a poultry farm tensive, specialized p o ultr y would be a profitable business for farm; so that the newcomer many ufemployed persons, both should always try to get an men and women. Both eggs and acreage bigger than that hie dressed poultry are always in de- thinks he needs; this wiIl give mand, and if one had his farm hlm at least room to, rest near a large city', one could hope patches of his holding in rota- to find a waiting and a capacious tion, and need flot cost him market for his poultry products. much more in rent, especially 0f course, persons like myself, if hie is willing to live in a re- who are just dreamers about the mote, unfa sh io na bl1e place. business of poultry farming, get Thus, the rent of the holding pretty thoroughîy squelched by under review was $75. It would those of deep knowledge and have paid to double the rent large experience in relation to and acreage if, by so doîng, poultry farming. The wise ones, mortality figures were kept at the experienced ones, know s0 the low level of the first year. much that they are ready to dis- "Next, begin with stock cho- courage the dreamers. And here sen for type (with health in I think of something which 1 read view) rather than for egg re- the other day - about a deaf old cord. I should be inclined to get man who started a roadside hot- foundation stock from a free- dog stand on a busy highway. He range flock on a general farm was prospering. Then his son rather than from an intensive came home from college, and per- specialist. Certainly, anid espec- suaded his father that people ially if one stocks a small acre- could not really afi ord to buy hot age to its full capacity, do not dogs. The son painted a very persist in relying ail the time black picture of the national ec- on your own breedîng stock, in onomic situation. His father, who the face of mounting mortality had not been reading the news- figures - though it has to be papers, being kept busy always admitted that to go into the selling hot dogs, ana making a market for healthy stock is a good living for himself, was per- gamble. Above aIl, remember suaded by his son that business what, for a disastrous decade was very, very bad, and quit his our poultry "experts" were apt business! to forget, riamely, in choosing That's the way of it: it is so breeding stock egg record is not easy to acquire the pessimistic everything. Type - judged by mid, and to surrender to pessim- handling, eye colour and gen- ism. Yet there are always those eral impression - matters most who go on sawing wood, and of aIl, for on it turn health and making mýoney, quite unconscious virility." that business for most persons J C K may be bad. Defeatism, as it is The way out of their financial called, is a state of mind - an un- difficulties for many, many town necessary state of mi. What the people is the way of farming - world wants is men ànd women small acreage farming - poultry who keep on smiling and working farming, or market gardening, or and earning and radiating sun- orchard farming. Letting th e shine. force s of nature assist one to get J C K requirea income is clearly thý But to get back to poultry farm- sensible thing to do. ing. I write of poultry farming because of an article which I saw in a British daily newspaper, the NEWCASTLE PUBLIC SCHOOI Birmingham Post - one of Brit -____ ain's leading newspapers. This Easter Report article told of the experiences of a man and his wîfe who had been Senior Roomn poultry farming for six years. If Subjects in Grades 7 and 8 ar( I pass on to my readers what I put in two groups, and standing. found in this article, it may make are graded A, B, C and D. interesting - if not instructive - Gae8-i ru reading. AGraJue 8A-in Jean Gra This man and his wîfe carried FAncmb esly, Jean Grob on their poultry farming as a anobLGelyJanR - part-time enterprise, and wîthout inson. hired help. From 1932 to 1938 B - Rollie Burley, Grace Mc- there was a net profit of $1585 Kellar, Cyril Meadows. (£317). 0f this amount $620 can C - Mable Gray, Betty Van. be regarded as wages for labor, Dusen. leaving $965 as net proÇt to cap- Grade 8 - in Group II ital.A The number of layers over the Gre - June Allun, Farncomb Le- 6-year period averaged 140,' and Geley. the capital investment for hen- B- Jean Gray, Jean Robinson, houses and stock at the beginning C- Rollie Burley, Grace Mc- must have been very small; s0 Kellar, Cyril Meadows, Betty Van. that an average net earning of Dusen. $160 on capital has to be regarded D - Mable Gray. as being vÏy good indeed. Look- ed at fron-another point of view, Grade 7 - in Group I thisaverage annual income, $1585 A - Raymond Aiken, Glen Al- divided by 6, or $264, represents ln agrtAh e or about $5 a week for part-time B - Yvonne Aldread, Ruth Bon- Iemployment. athan, Sammy Brereton, J u n e J CK Gray. A striking feature of this small- C - Eric Burley, Yvonne Megit, flock enterprise was the mortal- Douglas VanDusen. ity amnong the fowl. In the first Grade 7 - in Group II year the mortality figure was 6.91 B -RyodAkn a per cent. By 1936 it had doubled, 'BreretoRayondlaiknen am and for 1937 it had reached the t YonnDouldas adusen.AI shokig lve o 285 er en, in, Ruth Bonathan, Ted Hoar, comning down to 16.5 per cent inYone Megit. 1938.D- Food prices per dozen e Dva- -n Margaret Ash, Eric Burley, ied from a minimum of 13V2 cents Gry in 1934 to the maximum of 25 Grade 6 - Ail subjects are cents in 1938, and the highest net in one group profit a layer was $3.60 in 1934, A - none. and the lowest 85 cents in 1936. B - Francis Jose. In regard to the price received for C - Tracy Embly, Harold Roger- eggs the minimum was 30 cents son, Mary Purdy. in 1933, and the maximum was D - Eileen Aldread, Bo b by à8 cents in 1938. Gray, Olive McManus, Lionel Ro- The price received for eggs is gerson, Buddy (Harold) Smith, NOT the major factor in deter- Jacqueline Smith, Douglas Wal- mining profit - and this observa- ton. tion is true of other farmn products Room 2 as well as poultry. Thus, when A - 75%; B-67% to 75%; C- eggs were cheapest, in 1933, a pro- 60,/ to 67 %; D - Below 60%. fit was made of $2.25 per bird, Grade 5 - Hugh Aiken, A plus; whllst in 1938 when eggs were Buddy Bonathan, A plus; Viola dearest, the profit on each bird's Cotter A; Balfour LeGresley A production had fallen to $ 1.70. plus; Andy LockhatApu;Vl The two factors that have had ma art o B un A plus e- most influence on the success or.A; Yvonne VanDusen A; Murray failure of a poultry farm are Waton A. feeding-stuff prices and mortality. Grade 4 - Barbara Bonathan B; Thus over the 6-year period under Doreen Burley C; Marie Cotter review feed prices varied 80 prý ls et ry wy o cen bewen tp ad ottmand: Purdy A; Jack Perrin A; Herman mortality had been multiplied by Schmid A plus; Mary Toms A four by the time the enterprîse plus. had been running five years, whereas, during the whole time' Grade 3 - John Aldread (away recips pr ozn egsvared1)D; Norma Aldread B; Neil receipts per cdozbten eggsvaied ,Britton A; Mary Dewdney (away onl 2 pe cnt eteenth hih-1) B; Joan Duck C; Evelyn Mc- est and the lowest. MnsD ae oeC The sum of $2785 was receivd MnsD ae oeC formake egs $75fo htcinge Promoted to Grade 4 - Norma fo kteggs, $1750 for haputc in Aldread, Neil Britton, M a r y No special attempt was made toDwny rear table birds; the income fromý Junior Room the sale of table birds came from! Grade 2 culis. The records of this man- A - Christine Aldread, Donald and-wife enterprise do not state'Aldread, Ellen Button, Wallace the acreage of the poultry hold- Couch, Stuart Henderson, Bill ing. I Holubenko, Mary Schmid, Stanley J C K Powell. Commenting on this experience IC- Ruth Allin, Douglas Gray, in poultry farming, the Birming- John Holubenko. ham Post writer says: D- Charles Lake, Jack Mc- "Figures suggest that on an Manus. enterprise such as that told of, Grade 1 there is money to be made by the sort of town worker who A- Clare Allun, Mary Margaret likes living in the country, and Bonathan, Hazel May Fisher, whose wife enjoys pottering Ronnie Hockin, Rodger Mellow, about with livestock. The hold- Grace Ann Preston, Ida Roger- ~igreviews gave a clear profit son, Newton Selby, M ar jo ri e ,of $5 a week. As that is an ex- Toms. tra to the income from the C - Helen Ash, Keith Aiken, man's main job, we can say that Vivian Megit. it will pay OïVi transport so that D - Jack Gray. he can live ¶ the country, give__________ him more room in better sur- roundings than he would get in a town, leave a lîttle margin in The passenger on a streamîiner cash, and increase the nation's hailed the porter. "What time do food supply. we get to New York, George?" "For the benefit of those who The porter replied thoughtfully, meditate running a part-time "We is due in New York at one- holding such as that described, fifteen, unless you has set your it may be well to point out cer- watch by Eastern time, which tain obvious dangers that are would make it two-fifteen. Then, clear, not only from an exam- of co'se, if you is goin' by day- ination of the figures quoted light saving time, it would be but also from general experi- three-fifteen, unless we is an hour ence. First, I am convinced an' fifty minutes late-which we that birds are much heal thier is." e s THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, IIOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO PAPa~ -TRTrP ~ep6a~Z~ In Canada - The total ainount of Metropolitan life insurance in force in Canada at the end of the year was $1,143,867,130 of which $623,556,427 was held by Ordinary policyholders; $420,560,627 by Industrial policyholders and $99,750,076 by Group policyholders. The total number of nursing visits made without additional cost to our Canadian policyholders during 1938 was 385,674. Paymepts ta Metropolitan policyholders and beneficiaries in Canada during 1938 were $30,437,844. Metropolitan health publications distributed in Canada during 1938 totalled 3,793,002. Metropolitan's Business Report for the year ending Decem ber 31, 1938 ASSETS Government Securities. .. .. ....$933,919,346.89 Canadian Govern- ment .. ......65,310,453-73 Other Bonds... .. .. .. .. .. . U. S. State and Municipal . . . . 117,430,070.53 Canadian Provincial and Municipal . . 104,610,612.32 Railroad .. ....590,984,033.71 Public Utilities . . 589,927,007.34 Industrial and Mis- cellaneous . - . - 365,590,247.39 Stocks... .. .. .. .. .. .... Ail but $24,588.78 are Preferred or Guaranteed. Mlortgage Loans on Real Estate... Farms .. .....$73,800,886.26 Other property . . . 905,761,237.77 Loans on Policies.. .. .. .. ... Real Estate Owned.. .. .. .. .. Includes real estate for Company use. Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Premiums outstanding and deferred Interest due and accrued, etc.... 1,768,541,971.29 HIGHLGHTS The Metropolitan Life Insur- HIGHLGHTS ance Company is a mutual com- 0F 1938 pany. It is operated solely for the benefit of its 29 million policyholders, whose life insurance with this Company totalled over $22,612,000,000 at the end of the past year. In 1938, more than $566,300,000 was paid to policy- holders and beneficiaries, and $176,000,000 was added to statutory reserves for payment of obligations which will accrue in future years under present policies. Dividends paid in 1938 amounted to $'103,940,000. A stili larger sum-$118,042,000-has been set aside for dividend payments in 1939. Metropolitan has paid, since 1927, more than $5,000,000,000 to policyholders and beneficiaries. More than $1,800,000,000 of life insurance pro- tection was provided by the 3,330,151 new policies issued during the past year. Assets held for the benefit of policyholders and beneflciaries-which include more than 100, 000 carefully selected, diversified investments-amount to more than $4,900,000,000. As part of its welfare programn in 1938, Metropolitan distributed 68 million health booklets-an average of 1 every half-second-and published monthly health- education advertisements in magazines whose combined circulation for the year was over 300 million copies. Metropolitan welcomes every opportunity to provide its policyholders with information that will enable themn to have a clearer understanding of how the Company operates. To help accomplish this, the Company is publishing a series of educational advertisements in magazines, and seeks in various other ways to keep its policyholders informed. A bookiet, soon to be avail- able, contains a detailed account of Metropolitan's progress in 1938. We shaîl be glad to send you a copy on request. TOTAL .. ........$4,942,900,416.98 Total Life Insurance in Force Ordinary.... .. .. .. .. .. Industrial . . . . . . . . . . Group . . . . . . . . . . . . Accident and Health Insurance Weekly benefits. .. .......$18,500,602 TOTAL ........ Principal sum benefits . . . . $1,449,927,200 Number of new life policies issued $11,556,261,130 7,550,316,755 3,505,825,709 LIABILITIES Statutory Policy Reserves .. .. .$4,317,868,342.00 Amount which, with interest and future premiums, will assure pay- ment of policy dlaims. Dlvldends to Policyholders.....118,042,832.00 Set aside for payment for the year 1939. Reserve for Future Payments on Supplementary Contracts . . . 90,504,443.44 HeId for Claims .. .. .... ....21,155,521.99 Including dlaims awaiting completion of proof and estimated amount of unreported cdaims. Other Policy Obligations .. .. ....38,480,722.21 Including reserves for Accident and Health Insurance, dividends left with Company, premiums paid in advance, etc. Miscellaneous Liabilities. .. .. ...43,457,484.19 Liabilities flot included above. Surplus and General Voluntary Reserve .. .. .... ......313,391,071.15 This serves as a margin of safety- a cushion against contingencies which cannot be foreseen. TOTAL .. ........$4,942,900,416.99 Payments to Beneficiaries and Policyholders Ordinary. ... ........$241,946,643.12 Industrial. .. ..........260,990,746.69 Group Life, Health, and Annuities 60,703,229.57 Personal Accident and Health . . 2,715,671.05 $566,356,290.43 3,330,151 These highlights of the Company's business in the Dominion (havin'g been included in the above statements) will be of particular interest to Metropolitan's Canadian policyholders and their beneficiaries. Metropolitan învestments in Canada as 1938 totalled $267,781,039.82. ..Dominion Government Bonds ..Provincial and Municipal Bonds ... AlI other investments of December 3lst, $ 65,310,453.73 $104,610,612.32 $ 97,859,973.77 The total amount the Metropolitan has paid ta Canadians since it entered Canada, plus its present investments in Canada, exceeds the total of ail premiums received fromn Canadians by more than $138,500,000. FREDERICK H. ECKER, Chairman of the Board Home Office: NEW YORK JOSEPH P. KNAPP, New York, N.Y. Chairman of the Board Crowell Publishing Company FREDERICK H. ECKER, New York, N.Y. Chairrnan of the Board Metropoli tan Lufe Insurance Company JOHN ANDERSON, New York, N.Y. Chairman, Executive Committee Charles Pfizer & Co., Inc. ALANSON B. HOUGHTON, Corning, N.Y. MITCHELL D. FOLLANSBEE, Chicago, Ill., Merober, Follansbee, Shorey and Schupp Attorneys at Law JOSEPH P. DAY. New York, N.Y. President, joseph P. Day, Inc., Real Estate LANODON P. MARVIN, New York, N.Y. Member, Emmet, Marvin and Martin Attorneys et Law - DI RE C L. A. TASCHEREAU, Quebec, Canada, Member, Taschereau, Parent, 'aschereau and Cannon, Attorneys at Law CHARLES M. SCHWAB, New York, N.Y. Chairman of the Board Bethlehemn Steel Corporation WILLIAM L. DeBOST, New York, N.Y. Preident, Union Dune Savings Bank JEREMI1H MILBANK, New York, N.Y. D'ALTON CORRY COLEMAN Montreal, Canada, Senior Vice-President, Canadian Pacific Railway NEWCOMB CARLTON, New York-, N.Y. Chairman of the Board Western Union Telegraph Company TO0RS- LEROY A. LINCOLN, New York, N.Y. President, Metropolitan Lufe Insurance Company HARRY W. CROFT, Greenwich, Conn. THOMAS H. BECK, New York, N.Y. President, Crowell Puhlishing Company WALTER EWING HOPE, New York, N.Y. Member, Milbank, Tweed arnd Hope Attorneys at Law SAMUJEL W. FORDYCE, St. Louis, Mo. Member, Fordyce, White, Mayne, Williams and Hartinan, Attorneys et Law CARROLL B. MERRIAM, Topeka, Kans. Director, Reconstruction Finance Corpora- tion, and Chairman of the Board, Central Trust Company of Topeka GEORGE McANENY, New York, N.Y. Chairman of the Board Titie Guarantee and Trust Company ROBERT V.-TLEMINcI, Washington, D.C. President and Chairman of the Board Riggs National Bank FREDERIC W. ECKER, New York, N.Y. Vice-President Metropolitan Life Insurance Company WINTHROP W. ALDRICH-, New York, N.Y. Chairman of the Board Chase National Bank of New York EDWARD R. STETTINIUS, Jr., New York, N.Y. Chairman of the Board United States Steel Corporation CANADIAN HEAD OFFICE OTTAWA HARRY D. WRIGHT Second Vice-President and Manager for Canada. LEROY A. LINCOLN, President 88,452,477.37 979,562,124.03 526,263,387.92 392,187,3 70.22 108,817,444.71 84,974,718.06 METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE. COMPANY The Metropolitan is a mut ual organization. Its assets are held for the benefit of its policy.- holders, and any divisible surplus is returned ta its policyholders in the form of dividends. ,,-wr-. 'v THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO PAGE THREE TOTAL