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THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 23R.D, 1939 THE CNADIA STA~SMANROWMAUTT er win, sooing of tac sheaves GCanadian Aiutr i teNwWr ed andthe th e re Agde an the Ne, Warldhr haullg tata tarehgrea Editor'a Note - We were favorably lmpréased wta an à dres qe heard, on tac above au jcct, delivencd by James S. Du. con, Vice-Presîdent sud Genez Manager o! Massey-Harrla C Llmnited at the Toronto Adverti ing sud Salua Club last week tih wc are publlshing it for tace e S fication sud information o! oi readers. Bear lu mid tala ai drus was prepared fan a cil audience o! bard boiled busine executives, but t shauld be rcî wi even greater interest by ai rural people, sud that includi town folk, tao. The article, long, but it will be worth yoî whilc ta it dowu sud rcad cver lhue o! it. If yau do, wc feel cei tain a uew vision o! tac imponi suce of agriculture iil grip yc in tac warld o! taday lu whic each o! us bas a part ta play. A friend of mine asked me the other day ou what subject I in- tended to sPeak, and whefi I told hfim that it was "Canadian Agri- culture and the War," he replicd that talklng on the "war" was ail rlght, but that he would strongly recormmend that 1 should flot talk on "agriculture" because It was a duil subject, and that city peopie were flot intcrested in f armlng aflyway. Well, 1 wonder! I have been a city-dweller ail my life, and yet 1 think that there la more ro- mance, more interest, more in- spiration and more real honest-to- God value lu the average 100-acre farmn than lu the best residential city block lun any of the large cities I have llved ln. 'Agriculture la Bit Busin1ess Agriculture la big business: something alive: something vital: something worth while! Takc the lowly "fodder" crop, for instance. You know what 1 mean - just ordinary hay - the stuff #orses and cattle eat! Would it surprise you to know that the annual gross value of this crop lu Canada practically equals that of Canada's total gold production? Now, we do flot hear mucib about it. It la nfot spectacular. It does flot pro- duce beautiful homes lu Nassau, get one knighted, or buy "Globe & Mails," but at the end of the year, when the figures are laid down, the lowly "fodder" crop lines up lu equal position wit' that of aur goid production values. And speaking of' gold, which la something that we city-dwellerso are al lutercsted lu, would it sur-a prise you ta hear that lu thc year ti 1936, which la the last we have h on record, the gross agricultural & production of Canada cquailed a the tota1 gold production of the n wholeyorld - which accordlng to %i our figures amounted to $1,153,- ti 604,000. There la nothing duil about those figures! - to say no- tng of the fact that one-third I Read hi Comfiort. Use at least a, 100 watt l.amp' EDISO] HMBU IN CMMMA MAZDA ICANADIAN GEERAL ELECTRIC LIMCrED I ~RYCLEANING THAT SATISFIES COATS - DRESSES *~SUTS 75c each. or 2 for $1.00 White Flannels At Regular Price Oshawa Laundry & Dry Cloaning Co. Ltd. Ipholo 419 W. Gmil F d or i lv. 3o! tac total population o! t country lives on farms. 1- 1beieve 1 bave. mcntioned 1 -Inspiration which, cames toao from contact wlth agnlcultui life, and tais la largely on accou RI o! tac tremendous progreus whi la i belug made; tac keennu tac average farmu ~ta modemni bis methoda; bis 'interest 'lu pi tgreassuad bis dftire ta surroui 1- hlmsclf wlth up'to-date things. S Coutrsat wltb Ruropean Farmcî MY Myarly contacts with farmu, ywere not lu tais country, i Iwhen I thlnk o! taecocnditiai under wbich tac average fanm *livcd sud worked mn France - o rof tac great agnicultural countri, lui tac world - sud contrast tah witb tac atmospberc sumroundir Stac average farmer on tac Noni rAmenican continent I arn alwa, Yamazed at tac cxtraordinary pri -gresa which bas been made. WbE -I think o! those farmn homes Msuy districts lu France - o] raniling stane structures, bal! wbich sheltercd tac cattlc an tac other bal! the farmer sud b: faMIly - tac floon o! beaten carti benches ta sit ou, an open heart fire ta caak aven, sud su oil lam ta light tac long evenlug boums sud compare tbem with tac avez age farm homes lu Ontario, o perbaps even ta a greater extéen with those o! aur ucighbours t tac souta o! us - bouses wit modemn equipmcnt, running wate pumped up from tac wcII, clectri ligbt, radios, modern gas or elec tic ranges sud tacir refnigcraton I cannot hclp but be impresac( by tac Immense progresa made sud yet, perhaps, It la not s0 muc] lu tac bouses as lu tac fields tha tac greatest Improvementa havi been made. Iu mY boyhood .days lu Franc4 I uscd ta visit tac family o! a bil land-owner. During tac harvesi period, wbicb lu those days lastcc for weeks, fi! ty on more men, anc sometirnes womcn, used ta get ul before dawn -in order ta be ir tac field wita their scythes at sun. risc. Ail day long lu tac broilinà sun taey would cut the grain, bind tac aheaves wita straw sud set taem. up lu stooks: sud it waE ouly wheu tac sun was goins down that taey would finaily go home. Most o! these people - wce transieut labour, sud wheu 1 say "go home" I mean go back .ta slecp lu tac barns. Drudgery ef Tlarcalang And look at tac progresa even iu tais more advanced country! Whcu lu 1911 I came out ta Can- ada, 1 trsvcllcd for a fcw years iu tac Province a! Outario setting Up Machines for tac farmers: and welI can I remember bow gangs- of men - 20 or more - would gather together at tbresbing Urne On anc farm, sud bcîw tac women of tac bouse would have ta cook three big meals per day for these hungry men aven s coal stove, serve tac table sud 'dcean up again sud get ready for tac next neal: sud ail tais lu tac sultry >eather o! su AiMgust day! Ycs,, bhis was firin drudgery ludeedi A New Day Dawns Now tacre arc no marc tarcsh- Altaaugh lit la always diflicult ta get dawn ta bard facts lu mat- ters cancerulug agricultural costs, it la generally conccded b y thôse wbo use these machines that tac coul per acre o! harvesting sud tarcshlug by tais modern metaod docs nat excecd 26c, wbereas tac ald bluder sud thresher metaod coats $1.90 per acre, or a saving o! no luss thau$1.64 per acre. This mctaad o! harvcstlug la be- caming widespread, sud tais year lu Western Canada practlcally as1 many combines were soîd as blu- ders. The perceutage lu favour o! tac combine bas incrcased yearj by ycar. Wbcn tais saving o! 1 $1.64 per acre is borne lu mmnd,à and it la rcalized that overj 37,000,000 acres are sawn ta grain1 lu Western Canada anuually, onei will be able ta get a mental pic-x turc o! the contribution wbich tac agricultural implement engineert la maldng towards the economlce weîfarc o! tac grain grawers lu, James S. Duncan this country.f Vice-PIcsident and General Man- If I bave desît, penhapa, too1 ager a! tac Massey-Harris Ca. extensiveîy wita tac tblugs which Lindtod, wbose tîmely sud out- have been accomplished by tac standing address ou "Canadiani scieutistsansd tac engineers ta ne-c Agriculture sud tac New War"I move some o! tac bazarda, sud ta appears au tais page. nender more profitable tac opera-à tians of tac farm, it la beceuse,d inggags!Nomac cokngta my mind, these factors havet meg ags!v Nhoalmote for ingput aur Canadisu agriculture ilu meas oerthe col tov fo atac position where it cannleett crowd a! bired men! Na more cccsfuly tmai back-brcaklng tail for the famer sucche beav3thede da bimclf Moem far cqipmntwhicb are golug ta be made upon 9 himslf!Moden frm euipentit by tac Britisb Empire at war. t has changcd ail that! At harve~tD a e sfre htCnd tinie today, the farmer hitches bis la lt sfrgtthtCnaas smsl cmbie tia ubbr tac grcatest agricultural coun-e suctrad twrs ,'lki try amang tac Dominions, sudb tractor twar tds 9 ocîou Grest Britalu's nearcat source o! i o! taec rap, pulls bis outtit Int spply for foodatuifs. Geographi- a, the standing wbcaf, sud ahane caily, Canada's location la a! para- a aud unaided can bandle bis entire mount importance lu these days e cran. Nnt nnlv anhe dAmnino! submarinc warfare. .1 g"days" when it took lweeks"lbe- fore, but he can do so at only a fraction of his previaus cast. Iu days gane by, after a long day's wank lu tac field, and after rid- ing home on bis tired horses, tac farmer was faced wita tac chores of feeding bis team, watcring them and bedding them dowu for tac nlght: whcreas, today, he un- hitches his rubber-tircd tractar, leaves tac combine in tac field and drives home on the higbway betwccn 15 and -20 miles per hour. r I believe I can say wlthout suy ofear o! contradiction, that the progress which bas been made on tac farm lu tac last 20 years far outstrips that whicb has taken place over a sirnilar periqd lu tac most modern and up-to-date cities on tala continent. And tais progresla of more tasu passing intercat these days wben food supply la caled upon ta play such a dominant part lu tac great war in which wc arc presently cngaged. Somewhcre I read, only tac other day, that at tac outbreak o! hastilitica Canada was tac least preparcd of ail belligerentt nations. Whether tala la truc ore not o! ber military pneparcdnessd I.arn luna position ta say, but, 1 this 1 do know, that it is not1 truc o! hem agicultural prcparcd- L ness. Canada la geared up today0 to a bigh point o! productivity. t Her farm cequipmnent la unequal- a led by that o! suy nation, except t ber neigbbours ta tac south o! ii her, and agriculturally speaklug, b tais great Dominion o! aura bas k entcrcd the couflict prepared and rcady ta play her ail-important part. Importance of IResearch And uow, let us examine an- other aspect of the forward march of agriculture - another instance where the long-range view whicb this country takes of its agricul- tural problems has equipped us well for the labour of war ta wbich we must no«w turn aur hands: I amn referring ta the quiet, uuobtruslve and ail but unnatic- ed, yet vital work wbicb has been doue lu the past few years by workers lu aur laboratories, our agricultural colleges,. our research centres and our experimental farms. Their job has been to find ways and means of eliminating some of the major risks lu con- nection with the hazardous occu- pation of farming - and they have doue their job well aud success- fully. One problcm, the greatest of ail lu our Western Provinces, la still unsolved, although steps have been taken ta mitigate it in some smail degree: I am referring ta drought. I nced not enlarge upon this because the period when drougbt ravaged our prairie pro- vinces in s0 short a distance be-i hind us that it la fresh in all aur minds.il Englacera Reduce Couas m Another problem whlch was bc ýýonfrnuting tac farmera of Can- bi ada, ansd still la ta quite an cx- bE tent isl the exceptioually low ta prices ýwhich have prevalled iu he recent requirfor tarpurchaue. The agricultural engineers recog- Prosperlty of Fariner Eusential nized that ways and means bad ta It must surely be quite evideut be found ta place at the disposalinl a country such as ours, whcre of the farmers of this country, one-third of the people live on agrîcultural implement w h i c h farms, that the prosperity of the would enable them ta prepare farmer la essential to the pros- their seed-bed and barvest and perity of the Dominion as a whole. thresh their crops at lesser costs Therefore, whîle I. am whole- than heretofore, and the advances heartedly lu agreemnent with the wbich have been made in this campaigu which la belug rigbtly direction have been littie short of carrled on lu the daily press and revolutionary. I would mention over the radio, with a view ta only two of tbem, lest you think stamping out any teudency ta- I am trying ta do a little advertis- wards prof iteerlug, I feel very ing - whlch, of course, at an Ad- defiuitely that a healthy lucrease vertising Club Luncheon, migbt lu the price of farm produce flot be entireîy out of place - should noi; be placed lu this cate- flrst, the One Way Disc aud Seed- gary, and that auch an upward er, which having the merit of not; trend la wholly desirable lu the working the land tao much so broader aspect of our national that It wll better resist sal drift- economy. With better prices for ing, has tac inestimable advan- his farm produce, the farmen tage that it replaces the piow, the will once agalu be able ta buy 2ultivator, the drill and the bar- the many tain gs he requies, but row, and reduces the cost of cul- whlch he bas had ta do wltaout tivatlng and seeding from 40 ta due ta tac dlfflcult Urnes he has 50% from, tac .prevlous mctaod. cxperienced lu recent years. AI- Second, tac greatest contribution ready business la feeling tac has been made b y tac amail quîckening cffects of tac improve- power take off combine, propeil- ment lu tac position of tae farrn- ed by tae tractev whlch hauls It - ers of Saskatchewan, who tais a machine whlch eliminates blu- year have harvested tae largest nt to th er le c- ýsl td e: à at re ,e 19 3t; ýd d p n L- 9 1, d 3 9 0 e 5 craP on record lu tac Iast ten - planning sud directlng our ai i yera, ud blchla etim tedt cultural efforts ta supply moat !give taem an increase lu revenue cfflciently sud effectively tac food aven 1938 of marc than $50,000,- sud fibre needa o! Canada sud 000. ber alles duringtac war, witaJ an eye to th eirevt ou the future lecouomy o! 'agriculture of what- -jever policies sud practices may A Word or Wamnlng Now a word a! warning! AI taough it seenis wholly reason able ta assume that during tai war there will be a great dcmanc 1for Canada's agricuitural pro 1duce, it secamsta me it la open tÀ question whether, upon tac cessa. tion o! bostilbties tais incrcasc dcmsud will continue, or wbctaci aur position as an exportink country of agricultural producti will rcvcrt to conditions exlatinâ before the outbresk o! tac war It may well bc, o! course, il Peace leada ta a broad establish- ment o! confidence throughout the world, and ta mutual assist- ance among the varioua great nations in re-building their shat- tered economies, that we will sec a swing away froni policies o! national self-suiciency and a re- turu ta tac normal channela o! trade which exiated prior ta 1924, - in other words, a returu toaa policy o! buying wonld products from the countries wbich can praduce them mnost cheaply. This happy state o! affaira seenis somehaw ta. be a long way off, and we migbt as weil face tac !acts that tac preseut emer- gency la warking lu tac opposite direction. With so msuy coun- tries cut off !rom their normal sources o! supply, obliged ta learu ta live by their own resources, and wita transportation becoming so hazardous sud expensive, tac tendencies towards national self- sufficiency will be greatiy increas- ed. Wc have an example o! this today lu Eugland - Canada's best mustamer - where around 1,500,000 acres o! parksand grazing lands are being plowcd under sud seed- ed ta grain. It would, therefone, lu my opin- Ion, be very unwise if Canada were to f ail into tac same errar :hat was cammitted in tac pre- vious war, a! looking upon tac great demands which will un- loubtcdly be made upon ber agi- cultural resources as permanent demauds, sud if she wcrc, for in- stance, ta increase ber wheat acreage by seeding sub-marginal Ke t In bPladnteing Planning, sud rgtly 80, la tac key-word a! the present war. Most o! us here, no dubt, listen- cd ta aur Prime Minister tac other vening, wen in his excel- lent ddress e said that this would be no - "1uplanued sd ir- respousible campaigu"l - but that on the contrary - "Iu wbat prom- ises ta be s long sd exhausting struggle, ur contribution wll e ahl the more effective for careful planning." Industry sd business lu gen- eral wll do wdil ta take their cue ram what the Prime Minis- ter as said sd ta plan ahead - plan ta prasecute tac war lu the speediesl sd most successful manner possible, sd also gauge the ultimata effect which ur vanous courses o! action sud poli- dies wll have on ur ecnamic future lu tac pst-war days. And surely uow la tac time and uow the opprtunIty ta plan for the remedies to sme a! tac evils wicb lu recent years have been stunting tac growta o! this Do- jMore Population Needed Laoking at this country from the point of view of an outsider - because it la only five years since I became dfiitely established here - and seeing ail around me the splendid natural' resources with which a bountiful Provi- dence has endowed it, it has a- ways seemed to me that the ma- jor difficulty from which it was suffering economically was lack of Population. When I lived in Canada as a boy before the 1914 war, we talked lu terms of ar ever-ncreasing Population, an d 25,000,000 inhabitants was en- visioned as a reasonable objective. Its framework is large enough ta accammodate this nunber of peo- ple, but in recent years it seemns as if that vision has becôme sanie-- what dimmed, ad that a popula- tion of 11,000,000 sccms satisfac.. tory: yet, a larger population with its higher consuming p o we woud go a very long way inded towards ovrcoming some a! its major problcms, such as that of the raîlways, higher pro-rata taxation, and, ta quite a degree, agrictua Surluscs.tl It may well be that in doing the tasks that fal ta her as her contribution ta the allied cause - in ther words, with the quickn- ing o! industry ta carry the war load and the greater cdemand up- ou her agricultural produce - for war she may with proper Agriculture, for the purpose of at times we are slowly but stead- direction emerge from the con- ily travelling. -Ic Avold Upsettlnt General Routine This country's great opportun- ity lies lu bcing able ta meet the war demand made on it with as little disorganization of its gen- eral routine as possible, so0 that it may emerge from the ordeal wlth a minimum of re-adjustment necesarywhen the war la over. It lith great satisfaction that we have noted the appointmeut1 by the Goverument of an Agri-g cultural Supply Board, headed byj Dean A. N. 'Shaw, Director ofj Marketing of the Departmnt of! c c s I Lumoinea in one oiperation. Canada may find the solution ta -orneof her major difficulties, andi with al ber resources mobilizcd flict a strouger nation, and thua achieve the goal of a greater Canada towards which 1 believe r 1 c t t t r v ri f: e v ti il tg ci ri ti hi p et a i,ý E i- ls ff, rp ýor h .:t --j 1 1 i l FE 1 (7E R7 f ýDY [,ANTI-F-R--ÊÊZ-Êl 1-- Land et Abunlqçmee Living as wc do lu a land o! agricultural abundance, wh er e tac fear o! atarvation, which used ta beset aur ancestors, sud which la stiil ever-present lu tac minda o! the rulers a! many great countries, such as China, India, certain parts o! Africa, sud until reccntly Russia, wc do not fuily realize tac blessings which are ours, nor tac importance o! aur agnicultural luheritance. But sure- ly aur privlcgcd position must be bnc>ugbt home ta us whcn we read lu tac papers of tac ration- ing o!f!food lunrany countrica - yea, even lu England - sud wben we ncad that lu Germany people arc ailawed only - - 1 cgg per week per persan 1 lb. 2 oza. meat per week per persan ¼lb. butter per wcek per persan No milk - for pensons aver 14 yrs. of age Coffee sud tes - virtuaily non- existent. This concemu over thÇe avold- auce o!fafod shortage, coutluually uppermost lu tac mluds a! aur enemies, indicates as nothing cisc focs tac vital noIe whicb tac sup- ply o! food i 12 play dairTg ta'ý present war, sud we abould ever be grateful taat Nature sud ou1r own efforts have put Canada lu fhe position wberc she can make a great sud pcrbaps decisîve cou- tribution ta tac common cause, in dcfendlug not only tac Empire, but aur vcry civilization. as wc kuow it today. Agriculture te Play ]Important Role la War Wc belleve, because o! t1be vcry important whcat surplus whicb existcd lu tac world wben tac war nroke out - sud tac fact that tais conflict was foreseen sud that therefore many a! tac nations Ivolvcd laid lu abundant :future 3uppies,,that tac prominent role which an agricultural - country 3ucb as Canada will be called apou ta play dunlng tac war bas aot been fully appreciated. I be- [ve, howevcr, that lu tac event )f a pnolongcd war, tac agnicul- àral production o! tais country fil be straincd ta tac limit, sud iccordingly that Canada wll be mlled upon ta play an exceeding- yimportant role lu tac final suc- esa o! aur cause, sud ta make a ,ntributiou wbich wiil naturally iot be Iimited ta tac production >fwhcat alane, but wiil luclude Lher cereals, meats, meat fats, lairy praduce, fruits sud vege- ables lu tac raw, canned or ather )rocesacd fanms. I believe anc doea nat have ta )e much o! a prophet ta aay that vita tac incrcased demsud fan Le produce from aur f4rzns, bigh- ýprices wrn incvitably ensue, id lu tais respect 1 would like o lay empbasis upon tac fact hat tac pricea ot farmn praduce ave been abnormally low for any ycars, sud lucreases are ota desirable sud neceasany ta ing about a more even balance etween tac commodities wbich .e farmer sellsand those wbicb 1 - PR ON E Ir IF 91 E NE X IE THE CANADIAN STATESMAN. BOWMANVILLiF.- nm'rÀlPTÉ-b Combine Meets Situation * DEPOSIT REDUCTION ON BOTTLES FOR 6"COCA-COLA' Hambly 's Carbonated Beverages ANNOUNCES Reduction of Deposit on bottles for 4"Coca-Cola "--effective NOVEMBER 3Oth, 1939 Effective on November 3Oth, 1939, the present Deposit charge of 3c on boules for "Coca-d;ola" will be rcduccd to, 2c per bottle. The present Deposit of 3c per boule witl b. refunded on ail botties for "Coca-Cola" returned to your local dealer on or before November 29th, 1939. On and after November 3Oth, 1939, boutles for "Coca-Cola" wil carry a deposit charge of 2c per bottie and refund wMllb. made for this amount only. HAMBLY'S CARBONATE) BEVERAGES OSHAWA, ONTARIO Auiizd BoUler of 'OCb"