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PAGE SIXTEEN THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO THURSDAY, DECEMBER 7TH, 1939 IflANDS TEE PARLIAMENTS A41dress DY Day. W. 3. H. SmYth, PTort Perry, DeIfreredlAt Bowmanvillie Lions Club The Emerald Isle la a country wiih 700 years of culture. For 700 years Qere has been stife. And for 700 years Que majoriiy of Que pole have ben dissociated from r ty te their own gov- This latter faci ibrows lighi on Ireland's grievances which fail into 4 categonies: Re- ligions, Agicultural, Financial, Parliamentary. Beliglous Ia 1800 90 % of the population of Ireland was Roman Catholic, yet Catholics were totally barred from Parliameni. They could nei- Qer be member pon vote. A veny lixited franchise was granted some 30 years before Que Aboli- tion of Que Irish Parliament te 1800 but not extensive enough to prevent' that disaster te Ireland.1 The R.C.s suffered terribly undero Que Penal Laws which were de-1 sigaed te stamp oui Que R. C. re-1 ligion and compel Roman Catho-i lics te be Protestants. Catholics1 wend .frbidden to teach eiher ine aduool or pivate houses. Catho-1 Bic parents wene fonbidden te send . Qeir children to any foneiga country te be educated. If the eldeat son of a Catholic with landed property becamne a Protestant he become owner of father's farm and father sanir te level of tenant. For three or four generations t e r r i b 1 e sufferings were inflicted under the Penal Laws. NoeRoman Cathalic was per- miited te purchase land, non could he rent it for more Qan 31 years. If land came te himn from others he must not accepti h. Profit above 'rent muai neyer exceed one-thid of rent. Every effort was made to nender impossible owaenship of land by Roman Catholics. The Borough systemn was formed in time of the Stuarts in 1613. Boroughs were secured by driving people oui on finding flaws in tilles. Many of Qese boroughs contained only a dozen electors. By bribery it was easy te buy these people and eleci those who would back the gov-1 erament. The boroughs wene te Que hands of a few lords and ich men. To get to Parliament you paid Que borough owner who then ondered the people how te vote. WE Fountain Pen$ ............. soc - $500 WB HÂVE &à COMPLEBTE Imm or PARKERPINS CHIRISTMAS STATIONERY Cedar Boxes ............. $1.00 - $350 Fancy Gift Boxes ........... 25c - $200 Gentleman's Gift Boxes ............ 50c MAGAZINE SUBSCRIPTIONS For AUl Magazines Taken Hers * ENGLISH BILL FOLDS CHINA KEY CASES Special Display of Gifts For Ladies - E I i BEFORE YOU BUY - More g eCheaper Chines. Cheokers, al uaies 15c-25c-50c-75c-$1.OO Big Assortment of Children's Story Books Table Tenn" Bingo Teddy Beaus Rag -Oels Trains Target Gaines Tiddle Tennis Blooka Toy Tes Set Bagatelle Drums Bwing Bets COMPLECTE UNE 0F OUT OUT BOOKS FRFE - FREE - FREE COUPON FREE PENGUIN GAME While They Lut T»ti coupon premented at our store by any boy or girl ISIASCARDS Tree Llghts WB DELIM.ERTinsel 'S BOOK STORE -~~ Bowmanvmle w PAGE SIXTEEN changera are in --t-hetemple. -Ir- land does not fonget. Mr. Lloyd George aays "Ireland has struck Ita roots too deep inte the past and hias got into poon soil. Ineland needs root pruning." In 1885 Mn. Gladstone began his !lght for Home Rule. Inrecment political histony no fight more bit- ter and desperate has been waged. T'he firat difileulty was British -C Sometinies £10,000 was paid foi a seat. Financlal Anl householders had to pa> tiùies for the support of -the Es- tablished Church. Tithe proctorn tollected the tithes for 1-3 to Y4< of their collections so that it was to their own interest to collect and this they did beyond whal the law intended. The peasants were exploited, while grazing lands owned by rich men were exempt. Added to, these injustices was that of over-taxation and the ex- clusion of Irish products from England. The tariff killed the cattle industry. The duty on wool put 40,000 Irishmen into idlenes and poverty. Emigration then be- gan and has continued ever sinoe. Irish industries were strangled. Famine and its attendant diseases followed and whole districts were de-populated. Parllamentary Corrupt and undemocratic de- scribes freland's old Parliament. It was exclusive and unfair. Ne- ver was a parliament more needy of reform. Its reform ight have saved the country the horrors of the rebellion of 1708. The first broad fact te be re- membered is that ail these griev- ances developed at a remote per- iod when in Britain herseI1 the people were struggling for their lîberties. The quarrel was not one between England and Ireland .alone, but between the unrepre- sented people and their despotic rulers ini both countries. In England the Suffrage dates only from 1834. Ail the grievanc- es of Ireland had been. teflicted before this - the Penal Laws had done theu, worst. The land sys- tem had been in f ull swing sinoe the days of Henry II who brought it over from feudal France. Over-taxation and the exclu- sion of Irish products were al- ready facts and q0 years had pass- ed since a British Prime Minister had destroyed the Irish Parli- ment. The fundaniental error of Irish extrernists is te accuse modern England with scores of Labor members in her - parliament as tliough she were the England of Cromwell, Elizabeth, James I and George HI. The next broad fact to be re- membered is that these grievances have ail been met and largely solved. (1) Catholie Disabilities under the Penal Laws have been chang- ed teto Catholic privileges in the schools and universities. (2) The worst land system; ii Europe it is said has been trans- formed into the best and at the cost of the British. (3) Over-taxation and exclu- sion of Irish products has been reversed inte under-taxation and generosity has been added te jus- tice. (4) Parliainentary institutions have been restored te Ireland. Now look at Ireland's parlia- ments - the pagsing of one and the coming of two. In 1800 freland had a popula- tion of aine million people, apd a parliament, at Dublin of 310 members. Only one-tenth of the people were truly represented int that parliament. The country in 1798 and prior was in foment and even open rebellion. It was the reaction to injustice. No honest person can minixaize the iniquity of the Penal Laws, but they were the inevitable reaction of the Pro- testants against the terrible per- secutions -which R. C. had inflict- ed on their fathers in Spain, Bni- tain, France and other countries. The British Prime Minister Pitt in 1794 sought conciliation and appeased Ireland and hope of the coming of a better day for the troubled Emerald Isle was strong. But unfortunately unjust repre- sentations were made te the King who was teld that consent te the emancipationi of R. Catholics in Ireland was a violation of the coronation oath. Pitt and his cabinet were thereby intiniidated and fresh hatred engendered in Irish hearts broke out in rebel- lion in 1798. Pitt then made a desperate attempt at compromise and sought the abolition of the Ir- ish Parliament. Thiis was done by bribery. Eighty boroughs ai; a cost of 15,000 pounds sterling, each, were bought and the cost charged to England's debt. Further bribes, in the form of pensions, judge- ships, baroneteles and other emol- uments, made possible this dis- graceful achievement of robbing a people of its parlianient. The old Irish Parliament in Dublin. now the national head- Unionism. Mr. Joseph Chamber- lain and John Bright, Ieading Protestant Liberals, unlted with natural political enemies, the Con- servatives under Loird Salisbury, and te 1886 defeated Home Rule at the polis. Ia 1893 the second Home ]Rule Bill was defeated in the a~ouse of Lords. Twenty years elasped before the third Home Rule isll recelved royal as*eniý F»,then on the only obstacle to, Home Rulie was Ireland herself. In July 1914 Home Rule Bml was on the Statute Book and had received assent te House of Lords. Ireland could then have had Home Rule. Her three natural leaders were John Redmond, John Dillon and Joseph Devln. They were not prepared te adminster Home'Rule te freland. Therea- son was Ulster which objected. A Confereace 'at Buckingham Palace presided over by the late King George V followed and fin- ally it was agreed toe ut out the dissentient counties of North East Uulsten.- But ales, conciliation failed for an Irish reason. What was dissentient Ulster? It was the old pnoblem. Was Fuinie Italien or Jugo Slav? Did Dan- zig belong te Poland on Prussia? In Ireland both ides clalmed Tyrone and Fermanagh and the conference broke as a resuit. Mn. Redmond had strained the loyalty of his party almostte the breaking point by- agreeing to any partition of Ireland. Orange- men were openly desirous of wnecking the whole affair, which was suspended owing te the Great War. Then followed what la kaown as the Easter Rebellion. On Apnil 20, 1916, a German vessel dis- guised as a merchantmen and accompanied by a Germen aub- marine tried to land arma on the west coast of Ineland. The effort failed and on April 24, Easser Day, rebellion broke out la Dub- lin.' 'len million dollars of pro- perty was-destroyed the following day. On the British aide Qere wene 500 casualties and 124 kiled. The President of Que self-styled Irish Republic and two other leaders were shot. A dozen others tecluding, Sir Roger Casement were executed abso. For a time the Rebellion lacked support, but the executions kindled the fires of hatred anew and soon the Sinn Fein .party was dominant. John Redniond, Leader of Irish Na- tionalista, who desired Home Rule with British connection and who supported Bitate te the Great War, bast control of the masses in Ireland. In 1918 elections Sinn Feens carnied the country, but refuaed te take their seats at Westminster. Encouraged by Qeir victory, they called an tedependent Assembly in Dublin te January 1919 and pnoclaimed ýthe Irish Republic. Eamon de Valera waa elected President. Britain came forward as a con- ciliator again and held an Irgi Convention pnesided over br-4i Irishman, Sir Horace Plunke«, and held in Ireland. Sinn Feteers, though rebels, wene invited. De Valera steod aloof from Qis as he did from London. Then came the Asquith andf Lloyd George plans of settlemeat. Mr. Asquith eaid the Home Rule Bil, being on the Statute Bookc, should be put teto operation with a local option clause whereby any dissentient county could vote to stay out. And he also suggested a council te Que aonth and south to negotiate on inter affaira and wonk toward a United Ireland. Mr. Lloyd George said: Put a Parlianient in Belfast and another te Dublin'and appoint tea men each from North and South as a comxittee on'inter parliamentary affairs and to work teward Union when mutually desirable; also Ireland would still send 42 mem- bers te London. Neither North on SouQu wanted this Belfast Parlia- ment. However, in 1921 Belfast ne- luctantly acoepted and la June 1921 Que late King George V and Queen Mary visited Belfast aad the King offlcially opened Ire- land's first Parliament in 120 years. The mothen parliameat at Westminster provided free of charge the magnificent 7% mil- lion dollar buildings at Stormont which was officially opened No- vemben 16, 1932, by Que then Prince of Wales. Belfast aends 13 members te Westminster, 26 te her own Sen- ate, and 52 members to her House of Commnons. Oaly six of the aine counties of Ulster are in the Bel- fast Parliament, which means there are two Ulstera - Ulster geographically with aine coun- ties, .Ad political Ubster with on homne of Que Duke of Leinster. Leinster House was bul in 1750 Lby Que Earl of Kildare, later Duke of- Leinster. It la flanked on elther aide by fine modern build- >ings' and the National Museum with one of Que fteest if not the finesi collection of gold orna- mente te the world. Upon SouQuera Ireland accept- 1.ing a parliamnent, De Valera ne- L gaed as leader. Michael Col- lins <who was later kllled) be- came Presideni of Que Irish-Free State. Mr. Cosgrave aucceeded Collins and in 1932 by a, vote in the house of 81 te 68 was elected President. Very suddenly Mr. De Valera refused te pay Que Land Annui- ties te England. The ýtory of Que -Annui;ies la on this wise. la 1903 England passed the Land Pur- chase Act for Ireland and ad- vanced 150 million pounds ster- ling te enable Que Irish tenant te buy his land. 3 %% tetereat took care of Que intereat charges and sinklng fund and would retire Que debt in 68 years. Part of the Lloyd George acheme of settle- ment was the cancellation of Que Land Annuities Debt aga test England. Ulster retaining British connection and taking the oath of allegiance to, Que Crown was ne- lieved of her debt in relation te land purchase. The South refused te fulf il the tenms of allegiance and thus forfeited Que privilege of being freed from, Que debt - a costly case of spite on, her part, for when De Valera nefused to pay the Annuities Britian imposed tariff on Que Irish Free States cattle and other exporte. Ireland's exporte te England - feil fromi £81,000,000 in 1929 te. less than £42,000,000 te 1937, and for a time the tariff coat Ireland aver a million dollara a year for each of hen 26 counties. A conference between Mn. De Valera and Mn. Neville Chamber- bain la 1938 reached a final set- tlement of Quis contentious mat- ter. Mn. De Valera agreed te pay England in Octeber 1938 £10,- 000,000 sterling, and' to pay an- nually for 50 years £250,000 ster- ling te compensation for damage done te British propenty during "the troubles." Britain te return abandoned ail "nights" in the treaty ports of Cobb, Berehaven and Lough Swilly. An editonial te the Globe and Mail says, "«Though bath govein- mente have emphatically denied that there was any supplemeatary «understanding' as te Que future use of the ports, Eire la not te a position te defead Quemn on a war time basis and it can be asaumned that Que British navy will find them open should the need arise." "As moat critica on the Iuish aide have pointed out, the agree- ment ignored Que main issue in Que quarrel, Quai. of partition. Considering the objective propen- ly so, fundamentally, partition la a problemn between Ulster and Dublin and must ultiniately be gettled by them. Bnitain cannot dictate terms. That was Que error of the past. ... A mutually pro- fitable fniendship- betweea Bni- tain and Eire must surely have somne influence on Que future ne- lations between Dublin and the North.' "In assessing the accord A la impossible to avoid the conclu- sion that Eire has at lasi recog- nized she cannot live without Britain, that her future, la teex- trlcably bound up with the econ- omnic fortunes of Que Empire. From th!$ ih should not be a rash assumaption that Eire will con- tinue the spirit of the new treaty and co-operate in the intereats of unity. Ulster, if it la willing, must gain by Quis and in a broader in- terpretation so must the Empire.:: Eire (pnonounced as "Sarah" omnitting the S) la the Irish word for Ireland. Eire ta linked te the British Crown te a way that isaa triumph of British 'diplomacy. When Mn. De Valera appoinied the aged and Protestant Dr. Hyde as virtual Governor of Ireland, the king named Dr. Hyde as his representative. Ail loyers of beautiful Ireland will hope for her a brighter day after her long and, troublous histeny and yearn for Que fulfil- ment of Thomas Moore's dream ai Que meeting of the waters te the Vale - "Sweet vale of Avoca, How calm could I rest In thy bosorn of shade With Que friends I love best; Where Que sterms Quai we feel la Quis sad world should cesse,. And aur hearte like thy waters Be mingled in peace." Loceal Nonnanarlan FOR WOMEN AND GIRLS lanrelette Pyjamas- 980 ta $1.95 f Fplannelette Gowns -up fram 59c Waol *Panties and Vesis -. - - Up from M5 Frabric Glaives -Up rom 49o Kid Glaives- - up tram 1.25 Handkercldefs - - - 5e ta 1.00 4 9 c -Tw.5n w eter ets, - fine w ol 3.50 49c- p.~uj Si Sui,2-pim*e - -- up tram 6.95 se i el HOSIERY "AU Slz« -, ou Shsaes" 29c - 1.25- oô cads- tram 49o lowenu- from 150 aùbrella -- rom 1.50 ,mes- - - 69 - 3.95 LADIES' HATS REDUCED TO $1 »00 LINGERIE LINGERIE 811k Slips . . . . up from 79o SilkPanties - - - - 29c -5 ,1ilkUowu ' - '» " up from 98o Satin Dance Oets - - - up tram Silk loomers - . . . 89c - 1.35 8M1 Dance Bita - - - up from 98o M11 Veuts - - - 490 - 1.00 Fine B.d Jackets ---- 15 For Dad, Son or Brother Gowns - 3.50 - 7.50 lIntialed Scarfi, plaids Iklitted - 98o - 2.50 Pyjamas Up tram ----1.69 Ties Bach--- 25o - 1.00 Dr... Shits Ârrow made -- 2.95 Fine Box Pair - - - 89e - 1.50 Buspenders Work & Dress 50c - 1.00 Garters or Armbands- -25o -5- Gloves, kIdsud cape Up tram - - - $1.0 (Lined and 'unlined) Glaive, wooI knit Wool Llned - 1.25 - 1.50 Euh- 0c-,2 for 25c Let. Couch's Be Your Eueh (-- 1.95 - 3.95 Gift Headquarters (B hwool) f L Sweaters, plain kuit T i hit a Up tram - - - - 1.001_______1_______ 1__ For the Kiddies Pyjamas Kimonos Up tram - - - - 3.00 -69c -,1.49 . . 1.25 Coat, Legging and Bonnet Sots - - Sweaters up tram - . . . 980 Waol Mtins Pair - . . . 290e- S0c Men's Overcoats Up tram - - - 14.95 Men's Grenfel Jackets - - up troun 2.95 Tooke and Arrw* Shirts - . upÇro. .5 Bar Pima - DresuStuMi Ouff Buttons - Caps Beli Boys' Humus Up from . . . - 750 Windbreakers Up ftram - - - - 2.95 Boys,, Overcoats Up freti - - - Boys'" Breekum Up from - - - Novelty Tien Mach - - - 3.50 1.59 Golf ox Up from ----200 Boys' Mhttu 5 Bffl' Pyjamas 79o - 1.29 Boys'1 Sweaters 95o - 2.50 Boys' Suit. Up trou- --4.95 Col orful pyjamas Una Fromn bA ROW kiutII ~CRAVATS U1p from -$1--,869 s o Couch Johnston & Cryderman ]phn83LDTDB mavll 4t * y. For Every Member'of thýe .FamiIy Xveryone loves new clothes and Christmnas is the Idéal- occasion tc, replenish thd Ouuiy wardrobe and solve the gMt prolemaithe oame time, TIhongh rlsing prices threaten, wO areselingChristmnas merchandise that was bught ahead, ai the old low pri'ces. Our stocks are comploe.and better than ever. Corne in and look -arouMd. FOR THE HOMZ Lace Tabl6i Clotho'- 1.59 - 6.95 Candlewick Laundry _Bags - . . - 450 B.d Spreads -$295 - $8.50 Daras LienTowls45-1.0 ry ClotIt --each .500. Damk Lnen$1wls 5Gust Toies -up from 25o B.d Bpreads- up from$19 Bath Towels, «aoh - from 25o Blanketu, pair- up from $1.95 Lace aud Lainen Runners- » Eunbroidered Pillow Damask Cases 95c- $1.45 Table Clotho - - up from $1.25 Suffreil for Two Monthu from DRONCHITIS Bucklag'sMiture Clear.d i Up Evor>' au fforer fronbronchitie, gripe,ç~uhs, 1ola or asthma ahoud bn.fi bythis Petorboro' -a'à exponeance, and get quick r.- lise. Hia son, Mr. J. Deamond, gays: "MY father bas suff.red froin bron- chitis for "h.pose two anontha and toehing we ga»e hlm nemed to do hua an od iai'we triod Buck- wuy' Mire. Tht wu j aetwo w.s&u &go. Today hmsye ho fel1k a new ma." Bronchti'do ough, hang. on colds yiel qui ky to Bucloly'a Mixture. You cen tHl from the. firat dose ther it if doingy ou good. Tho cough la rollovod erdtough phlegm begina to como up eily, breathing become. eaier, raw air ducta are aoothod. Don't oxporiment. Bu% Buckl.y'a Mixture. 2 OVUR 10 ILLON UOTTLES SOLDS I~I nvr~ DECEMBER 7T]4, M THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO THURSDAY, ', "lLike the bee, we should make our industry aur amusement." Goldsmith "If You have izreat talents, industry wiIl imProve them; if but moderate abilties, industry will suppi>' their deficienrÀes.-S. Smiles "There ia always hope in a man who actually and earnetty works.- In idieness alane i. there perpetual dgtar.t-Carlyle b d f r ti Il di S'