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The Impact of Peace Recentlv we visited some xartiiue in- 'dustrial plants. Onie vas a hugie. govemu- ment owned, mushroom establishmnent, cm- pioying thousands of workers of both sexes drawn largely frorn rural Canada. Thins planh with ils ncw housing nunits is spread i across former farmsheads. Our thoughts reaclied mbt the future; 10 the day the belis wouid ring out the "cease fire";. We sought answers 10 these questions: "Whal was 10 become of the plant and what of these xorkers when peace caime?" The moment the guns were silenced, tieir pro- duction must cease. That, seemed complete- ly conclusive. The impact of peace wouId be feit full force in all such xvar plants. Would it mean breadlincs again or had the government planned and plotted ag-ainst the 4~, inevilable? We asked direct, pointcd ques- tions. The replies of directing officiais. generai- ly were: 'We are flot worryîng, about al that; our job at present is warînne produc- tion." We were lefI xith flic impression, whether right or wrong. tîat the govern- *1"0 ment bad no plans whatsoever to meclthbe situation. Anîd empioyces theniselves seem- ed completeiy uneoncerned. The saine at- titude ivas evidenced genierallNy anîoiig ohber long establîshed industrial plants w-hose onI- put today was almost wholiv wartime coin- modities. Witb aIl tîis in mind if seemcd thal the duty of the press iay in iîiforining the public of the impressions gathercd > through these enquiries and these visils. If ?the situation is such as, we have been led ho believe, tuen thec iatter is one of g-ravest concern. Are we tohav-e thme New Order we have heard so muchi about froîn responsible govertiment sources? It would secmn that ive, the public. shoiild begin 10 do somcîhing about il. - Tui onor Lists The "home-front" lîighc-ups are includ- ed with those who have foug-ht aîîd died and those who stili fight on far-fiuîîg baIlle- fields in the list of 33'l decorated ini New Year s ceremonies. Diplomats continmue ho be appointed in extending intricacies of the Old Order. There is notinî wî'ong xith honoring ail who have rendci'ed distinguisli- ed services, but ini our humble opinion lucre are omissions -%bhil underline tiie tradi- tionai astigînatism of those wvbo norinate the i'ecîpicnts. The striped-trouseî', iniorniiiu-coat clique continue 10 inîvite those of simiarly accust- omeci accouterments 10 step forth and he crowned with bay. The coinimon nîan w-ho b lihas carried lime buî'den and wlbo ias 10 4come into bis own" ii the blossomiing mi]- lenium has been forg-otten agaili. If wouid seem most fiting indeed were a dozen or so of those whose habituai babilirnents are hlic lowly overali and smock, to be ineluded among the honored; flie menî and ivomnen of farm and factory. We stand prepared 10 nýominale a few'. Why not repair the over- sight? Since hlice abox-e conmment ivas wrihîen w-e werc pieased ho read flie foliowing cable from London, dated Jan. 4.: The Kinîg today coîîfeî'red iniedas and (ec- orations for hîeroisin îaid devobion hto duty duriîîg wartiife upon 872 ninatmid woinen wjîo rarely if ever made îîewýslpapleiliîead- laces. Somie ar'e s('bo(> teaciiers, telephîioîî opeî'atoi's. stationiiniasb crs,sui)iiil draftsmiem, facîor-Y woi'kers. One is a farin- er, decorated "for services iin b'ceding nexv types of potatoes". The occasion ivas the issuance of lime second biah of lie New~ Year's honors' lisI. l'le fiisI lialf. issued New Year's Day, coîtaiined ail l ie priou- netawards. Iniii ajoriîv 'of cases p- ifie reasoiîs for decorations were iiob staled. rt was simpiy for "'service". There Goes Our Metal Wliat are ive going ho do wihen this ivar is over ini the niater of inetals for manîu- faeturiiig-thli vash and vital needs of oîîr domestic economy, particulàriy tbose of a- riculture? It's about fiime ie beg-an thiuk- ing, planning about il. Reports are current thalt te ironi-ore deposits of tlic Mesabi Range of noitbern Miniiesoha, flic wo'ld 's ?grealest, are fast beiiîg depieîeed to suppiy war necds and that resiftiî of dumps seems imperative. Canada is oîiiy noxv takiing steps to develop bier limied supplies. IlfinaN be tal ndutr-And rcsercbrely too imueb Establlshed 1854 AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER With which is Incorporated The Bownianville News, The Newcastle Independent, and The Orono News. 86 Year's Continuons Service To The Town of Bowmanville and Durham County. Member Audit Bureau o f CirculationsI WekyNcwspaperst <* Association Ciass A Weeklies of Canada SUBSCRIPTION RATES $2.00 a Year, strlctiy ln advance. $2.50 a Year i the United States. GEO. W. JAMES, Editor. This trouble xiii inrease as time goes 0it. liu a few ycars il is quite possible that the accumulation of unpaid iincomc taxes xill amount 10 a big sin. Thiat -overniment whichi undertakes ho launecb a vig-orous col- lection campaigan nay find itself out on its car a thie next election. 1L *As I See Mt.** n The Editor's Mail By Capt. Elmore Philpet 1 1....=.m ....~=mm m- we are searching every last source of scrap- iron, ail for the manufacture of instruments of xvar xvhicli we ship overseas and huri at our enemies. Miteh of it goes to the bottom of the ocean. But the simple fact is, wc are tossing our great metal resources across the oceans and îve shall wakc up somne day and realize just what the ,price of victory has been. Wc cannot "béat our sxvords into ploxshiaî's' foi' there sinpfly w-on 't be aîrr swor(ls. Yet w' nuîst get the ploxvs, and the iîarrows, too. So ini ail our planning. wbcîî and if xve get around to it, wvlîy îot slap a caveat on the inetais ive arcex.poritîg todaNy as xvar gon0ds. We are boasting of Cauada's inag- nificenit contribution ini the vastness of war manufactures. Coo]idg.'e once referred to the British ar debt, -We rentcd theni the nioney didu 't we"'In like manner. we, to- day, prodigaily 1055 our mietals away . .. for victory. Later on wc shall need theni badly at home. There ouglît to be an ar- rangyement that thîey be returned 10 us by hoth enenîjes and liberated, as thcy at last join i gathering up the broken vessels and scrapped iînplcrnents which we dug Up from Amciica's his and forged for world libera- tion. \Vill somneone please risc and say, "It cannot be doue because it would be too ex- pensive". Besides, there will be a lot of ships lying idle wheii the war is over and no one xiii know who owns them. _V' Country Store Sales Going Up Is the country store again eoming into its own? Wîth the ratîoning of gas and tires and the discouraging of travellinig more peo- ple iin rural Canada are flot wanderingY so far awav from home these days to do their shopping. The twenty-one merchants iin Darlington and Cartwright Townships are evidently ali.vc to prescut coniditions for they have organized into an association 10 cooperate with a view to exchanging ideas to improve their stocks and services 10 hoid business in their respective villag-es. Satisfactory resuits are already apparent. Coutrv gencral store sales avcragcd 13.8 per cen;t. highier dutring the il months cîîded Nov. 30. than ini the saine period of 1941, the Dominîion Bureau of Statisties reported. Sales in Novembei' avei'aged 15 per cent. heavici' than iii Noveinbcr, 1941, tlîrough- out the country. The unadjusted monthly indexes of sales, on the base of 1935-1939 equals 100, stood at 139.9 and 121.7.,î'espect- ivcly. Premiers In Canada A correspondent sends us Ibis list of prem- iers of the various provinces and their ten- ures of office with the suggestion that leng-th of tenure mighit be considered a guide ho their personal and political inîegrity and administrative ability. Nova Scotia appears to hoid the record, followed by Ontario, then Manitoba. W'e have îîot checked for accur- acy but here are the leaders: N.S., Hon. G. H. Murray, 1896-1923, 26 yrs. Ont., Hon Oliver Mowatt, 1872.1896, 23 yrs. Man., Hon. JTohn Bracken, 1922-1942, 20 yrs. Que., Hon. L. Taschereau 1920-1936, 16 yrs. NB., Hon. A. G. Blair, 1883-1896, 13 .yrs. B.C., Sir Richiard MeBride, 1903-1915, 12 yrs. P.E.1., Honi. W. W. Sullivan, 1879-89. 10 yrs. S--ask.. Hon. Walter' Seott, 1905-1916,Ilrs Alla., Hon. .1. E. Brownlec, 1925-1934, 9 yrs. -V Officiai Army Figures From the June. 1942, issue of Canada's War Record, Oîtaw'a's officiai release, we quote: "Canada now has more than 470,- 000 men in the Active Army, the Air Force and the Navx- ii addition to more than 130,- 000 in the reserve'c ay". No mention is made of the Women 's Corps. From the official Canada at War, a gov- erument issue of Dec., 1942, we quote: "There are approximately 210,000 on Active Service in Canada in addition to 200,000 in the Reserve Army." 'Whîle the army over- seas as recently reported by the Prime Min- ister, îiumbers upwards of 180,000 men. Again the Womcn's Corps is omitîed. It would appear then that there bas been a decî'easc of over 10,000 within the past 6 montlis. Surely there is somlehhing wrong with tibese official figures. There is confus- ion agaîi nmtî]e recent warning by thie Prime Miniisîi' thal ail of ('anada 's active forces w~ill sec action inî 1943. The questioun is, lîow OUTLOOK FOR 1943 The old year, 1942, was prob- abiy the last in which il was pos- sible for the United Nations 10 meet complete defeat in this war. The new year,: 1943, is the first year in which we may win viec tory over Ger- many. But it does not neces- that vîctory will be won during 1943. Il is well nigh certain that--v. the task of beat-Zu*,k'i be long and ad even afler Gr many is over-\ :ý There is no such thîng as blood- less victory in war. We do our- selves barm by confusing escapes, such as that fromn Dunkirk, with miiitary victories in the field. He who fights and runs away may save his life and be able 10 fight his enemy aI some future lime. But 10 beal a strong enemy under modern conditions requires the bitterest and costliest kind, of f ighting. This has been a peculiar war for Canada s0 far. But there is no reason 10 expect the peculiar- ity 10 continue throughout 1943. Unless ail signs fail, the Can- adian army will be engaged, flot many months hence, in the mosl crucial battie of the whoie war. There is every reason 10 believe that our Canadian army will do ils job as well in this war as our Canadian Corps did its job in the earlier conflict. But there is no reason 10 believe that the job will or can be done wilhout cost. AIR STRENGTH The most concrete reason for believing that victory may be pos- sible over Germany in 1943 is that the Allies aiready have air super- iority. There is a great difference between mere air superiorily and complebe air supremacy. What we have so far is merely the edge of strengbh over the enemy. Whal we must have before Ibis war can be won is supremacy s0 com- plete that the enemy can be driv- en right out of the skies in ad- vance of our onrushing armies. At the end of the old 3year, the British Air Ministry made some sensible comments about air war- fare. The most important of these is that Germany-has already had 10 cul mb ohem airpiane and airman reserves in order bo main- tain any kind of strength aI the actual fronts. This necessity is what may change the war picture, somewhat sooner than would be the case if the war were an old- fashioned sea and land affair. Airpower is a decisive factor. Ib has been shown lime and lime again that airpower alone cannot win wars; that air raids alone cannot destroy either the power to fight or the will 10 fight of strong nations. But it has also been shown that complete air su- premacy makes ridiculously easy the task of an army which is much stronger than the enemy; il has even been shown thal supremacy in the air wiil enable a weaker army 10 ward off a much stronger foe. Why air supremacy may speed up the final victory beyond pres- cnt calculations is Ibis: With each victory in the air by Allied fleels, the next victory becomes the easier. The pyramiding process sets in. With every day il be- comes stronger - and becomes even harder for the weaker side 10 hold whal il has. HOME FRONT Indications are that there will be an increasing amount pf petty hardships and inconvenience on the home front. There will be less of the luxuries maybe even of the, necessities of life. But in 50 far as the shortages are nec- essary ,by reason of the war il- self, they will be cheerfully borne by the people. Where the people complain is when the shortages are due 10 ob- vious government mismanage- ment; or worse slill, 10 favoritismn for some one group or clasà in the community aI the expense of the whoie. A real necessily for Canada is a far more practical approach 10 the question of post-war employ- ment of service men and war in- dusbries. Much of whal has been doné by federal and provincial committees is good. But il is far from good enough in view 0f the fact that peace may conceiveably be thrust upon us months or even years ahead of schedule of bhe ex- perts. What is needed is, first a na- ional decision 10 use the whole economic and money power of the nation 10 give ail men and women in uniform secure employmenl in time of peace as well as war; sec- ondly. the appointmenl of a body provided wibh the necessary fonds bo achieve these ends and with orders to achieve them on the most sensible national basis. TWENTY-FIVE VEARS AGO January 3, 1918 Enniskilien: Congratulations to our new councillor, C. W. Souch. . .David Brunt is serious- ly ilI with pneumonia. Two of the children are also quite il . Mr. Misener had a horse drop dead while driving. Ebenezer: Mrs. A. B. Werry has been laid aside with rheuma- tismn... The thermometer reach- ing 28 degrees below zero on Fr1- day, a record for frost before New Year. Solina: Eldad Sonday School sent, by mail, 70 lbs. of Onwards and Pleasant Hours 10, children in British West Indies . .. Marg- uerite Wright has lonsilitis. Darlinglon: Base Line S.S. as- sisted by Ebenezer talent, gave a good Christmas entertainment; proceeds, $35.00. An autograph- ed quilt which was made by the Young Girls' Bible Class, of which Neya Aluin is teacher, was put up by auction by Levi Tole, but was nol sold. Hugh Greenless was judge on heavy horses and W. E. Jewell on light horses aI Whitby Christmas Fair. A quiet wedding was solemniz- cd Dec. 26, at the home of Mrs. R. Parker, Newcastle, when her youngest daughter, Rose, was united in marriage with William J. Hockin, Newcastle. Not for years have we seen so many ciizens aI bbc nomination of candidates for the Town Coun- cil as on Monday evening. HISTORICAL SKETCH In an înteresting article in the Goderich Signal-Star h e a d e d "Memories of Boyhood Days in Huron 70 Years Ago," writlen by John EliotI, B.A., London, a be- loved former principal of Bow- manville High School, we clip Ibis paragraph which will be of spe- cial interest ta many of our older readers: "Turning at the road which leads down to the river and the Falls Reserve, we pass on the right wbal is known as the Jen- kins farm, but in my earliest me- mory Brace was the occupant, and I remember that about seven- ty years ago il was farmed by Rev. Henry J. Nott, Bible Chris- tian minister, who for reasons of health was temporarily retired from the ministry. Later he went to Bowmanville as editor of The Observer, which was then the Bible Christian church paper. He was its last editor, and he died in his prime about the lime of the Methodist union of 1884, a real loss 10 bis church. In later years I knew well his son R. H. (Hamry) Not. who died about a year ago in Toronto. He greatly enjoyed a chat about old Coîborne and for a lime ehe owned the Nott farm on lhe\ Division uine, once the Thomas[Morrish farm." R. H. îNott was an oncle of Mrs. W. E. Gerry of this town. FIFTY YEARS AGO January 4, 1893 Providence: On Sunday morn- ing those who attended Church were agrecably surprised 10 see two beautiful lamps on the pul- pit. Whoever gave them has the thanks of the congregation. Kendall: While Mrs. Elliott and daughter were driving down the street the horse shied and up- set the occupants int the ditch, sevemely injured Mrs. ElliotI. The buggy top was completely demol- ished. Enfield: Wm. McCulloch is suffering from gangrene . .. Rev. D. S. Houck preached a temper- ance sermon Sunday. Solina: A pleasant event took place aI the residence of D. Blair, East Whitby, Wednesday, when Miss Ida M. Blair was united in marriage with Mr. Arthur L, Pascoe of Solina. The knol was lied by Rev. J. J. Liddy. Leskamd: A pleasant event took place Dec. 28, when Jennie, daughter of Thos. Tucker, joined hands in haly matrimony with Arthur J. Honey, Toronto, form- erly of The Statesman staff. The ceremony was performed by Rev. Geo. Brown, Orono. After the wedding dinner the happy couple wended their way 10 Bowmanville 10 take the 8.25 p.m. train for their new home in Toronto. Tuff's liquor shop (where Mrs. E. V. Scobell's office now stands) was gutted by fire Tuesday whiJe he and his family were at New- castle. The building is owned by W. H. Ives and is insumed. S. S. No. 9, Clarke: R. Col- ville has purchased a Singer sew- ing machine from Mr. Kiveli. J. N. will soon have this section stocked ... W. Gibson and Ernest Hamm took praminent parts in the program at Salem. Rural Schools Cive $223 to Navy League Contributions to the amount of $223.28 were made to the Navy League of Canada during Navy Week by schools of Northumber- land and Durham, W. H. Carleton, inspectar of District No. 1, reports. Fifty-nine public se' jals from the rural sections do àated, $110.12, and the urban schools of Cobourg, Port Hope, Millbrook and New- castle $11316. The total con- tributions exceeded those of 1941 by $30. At the time the total contributions were forwarded ta the Toronto headquarters of the Ontario division of the League eight schaols had nat reported. Previous ho Navy Week book- lets parlraying life in the Navy and in the Merchant Marine were distributed bo the schools. Thal the boys and girls were impressed by the great service which aur men of these branches are giving, impressed by the hardships which they are enduring that aur Christmas may be merry and aur New Year's haopy. was evidenced in these contributions. 1143 Ave. Venetia, Coral Gables, Fla., Dec. 30, 1942. Dear George: Enclosed please find money order for $5.00 10 cover subscrip- lion for 1943 for myseif and our mutual friend n California. My cousin, Mrs. Ethel Canfîeld, of Woodstock, Ont., was a delegate 10 the political convention in Win- nipeg that named Mr. Bracken. I sent her the fine editorial you wrote re. Mr. Eracken, in a recent Statesman. Glad 10 see a line, now and again, from Brigadier Gertrude Holland. She has lived a very busy and useful life and I am sure Bowmanville is proud of this na- tive daughter. God bless you. Affect. yours, (Col.) Edwy White 77 101h St., New Toronto, Dec. 30, 1942. Dear Mr. James: It looks as if I am only just going to squeeze in on the last day of the year with my renewal for the Statesman. I should not like 10 miss a single copy. Wish- ing you and yours a pleasant New Year with the earnest prayer that ere another year rolis around the world may be at peace 100. We quite understand that the winning of the war will not end the suffering of the unfortunate people in the occupied countries but il aI least will be a step 10- ward their liberation. When one considers the plight of the pe6ple in those countries il seems almost a sin to be comfortable. _-Sincerely yours, Mrs. M. E. Pinch. DR. J. N. HUTCHISON SENDS NEW YEAR'S GREETINGS TO DURHAM COUNTY FRIENDS "And the cal came back for he couldn't stay away". I just could flot refrain from writing you 10 thank you for your very great kindness in featuring me and my comments on John Bracken. I had no thought of Ihat when I wrote you privately. I was simply fiiling in an hour of leisure in a most pleasant way, spiliing pel- mel the thoughts racing through my mmnd aI the lime. I suppose il is a common weakness of near- iy everyone to feel pleasure in being noticed and especialiy in being featured in that great mir- ror "The Public Press". And I want here and now 10 say 10 you (before il 15 100 laIe) from my heart, how much I feel I owe 10 you during the past years of our delightful friend- ship, of the happiness you have given to me, in the kînd words of appreciation and encourage- ment you have so generously be- stowed on every effort I have made 10 appear in print. Il was you who was more responsible than any other influence in induc- ing me 10 lake a fling at il. By the1 encouragement you have so gener- ously given and Iherefore the guilt is largely yours you deep-eyed vil- hian. But I forgive you, for il has given me so much pleasure as a hobby, through these years of my retirement, which other- wise would have been rather bur- densome, with nothing 10 do, but (1a I4UMPHREY MITCHELL, Minuster of Labour, Ottawa CANADA twirl my thumbs. And il has' kept me in living touch with those glorious days of the long ago, "When Boyhood Was la Fbower", in Dear Oid Durham, whose every valley and hill stili breathe Peace and Happiness and Cheer 10 one, who in spite of accumulating years, is stili in spirit a barefooted boy chasing butterflies. So Mr. Editor that is the kind of in- fluence and happiness you are continually spreading abroad in "Canada's Greatest Weekiy". Thank you so much. I am enclosing herewith (not for publication) an article on the deplorable liquor probiem which the Free Press gave space for last month, which was, considering ils iength, an exceptional conces- sion, in these limes when space is at sucib a premium, especially in such a great Journal. I thought I would like you t0 read it, for, aside from the figures quoted, which are local 10, Mani- toba, the general conditions ap- piy 10 the whoie of Canada except Prince Edward Island, where they have Prohibition, which is work- îng fairly satisfactoriiy 50 The Provincial Secretary advises me by letter, considering they are sur- rounded on ail sides by wet ter- ritory. My hope is that an occasional Canadian may be influenced by my appeai. To me it seems ter-1 rible that this condition shouid be-. especiaiiy with this great and aw-1 ful war in progress. Now I'1l quit and I hear you say "Thank goodness". With much love and good wishes 10 you andi 10 ahl my Durham Friends. -- Truly yours, J. N. HUTCHISON P.S. Allow me 10 make one cor- rection in your article. I am now in my 841h year and flot my 83rd. Since writing the above I thought in justice 10, you I should pay my tribute 10 you publiciy so if you care 10 you are at liberty to use my letter. Woodstock, Ont., January 2, 1942. Dear George: Seems hardiy possible another year has rolled around but such is the case, and here's my re- newal for The Statesman. I do appreciate receiving The Statesman each week and I read your editorials with great interest, and congratulate you on keeping the standard of your paper on such a high level. I received a lot of my political education at the hands of your father, and must confess, some- 1limes I wonder just what he would say if he saw the reaily independ- ent attitude you assume, after al the definite Liberal training you were subjected to at the hands of M. A. James. Then along comes the interest-j ing communication from Dr. Jim Hutchison,,and in fancy I can se M. A. James and Hobert, Hutchi- son meet and try to arrive at some conclusion as 10 why their two brilliant sons, seem 10o be, if not straying from the fold at least showing a lot of independence. Well anyway, you are conduct- ing or publishing a really splendid paper, and more power to you as I know you are absoluteiy sincere in your efforts to supply a paper for your constituency which will benefit the population as a whoie. E. C. THORNTON There is many a good man be-t neath a shabby hat.0 IN THE DIM AND DISTANT PAST From The Statesman Files THURSDAY, JANUARY 7, 1943 Ail Life Insurance Resources Are Being Utilized For Victory Stripped of essentials for war service, life insurance in Canada is utilizing ail its resources for Victory, while protecting its pol- icy holders on the home fr2znt. "In wartime as in peaTe, life insurance continues to play Its part in the social and economic life of the country," said J. G. Parker, president of the Canadian Life Insurance Officers' Associa- tion, when interviewed lately. *'New business and business in force continue on satisfactory leveis, indicating the confidence of the Canadian people in the îxi- stitution and its representatîv& In the last war, as in this, in pr perity and in depression, year'* and year out for over 100 yeail, life insurance has served the peo- pie in ever-widenîng cîrcles fit- ting itseif to the changing cycle of human needs and national cir- cumstances. "Today, the business is strictly on a war footing," Mr. Parker continued. "The amount of pol- icyholders' premium savings in- vested in war loans is over 450 million dollars. That means that on an average, every policyholder has $112 invested in Victory. These investments are actually money being heid in reserve for the pro- tection of, and for future delivery to, ail our policyholders of bene- ficiaries. They form part of the two and a quarter billion dollars of assets, invested by the comp- anies in Canada ,and similarly pledged te meet future payments on behaîf of these policyholders who through their thrif t have buîlt up this tremendous reservior of savings. "From these assets," Mr. Parker continued, "life insurance comp- anies in Canada have paid back to policyhoiders and beneficiaries,. since the war began, over 530 million dollars every working day." As to the business itself being in a war footing, Mr. Parker said: "Over 2800 life insurance men are on active national service. Train- ed company personnel at home anid branch offices has necessarily been greatly reduced. The ranks of field forces have been depleted. Because of gasoline rationing and shortage of manpower, many of the extra personal services that characterized the business in peace time have been elîminated. Life insurance is a necessity. It came into existence because people had te have it. Its benefits are most realized when grim facts emphasize the hazards of life. War emphasizes these hazards. As in 1940 and 1941, hundreds of thousands of new policyholders joined the great family of hife in- surance owners in 1942. When they did so, they put their savings dollars mbt the fourfold service of Protecting their old age Protecting their dependents; Buying Victory Bonds Curbing inflation. Though you have money YLLI cannot buy what is not for SWI Since the army is training mil- lions of young men to -'keep their mouths shut and ears open," the post war period ought te be as- toundingly quiet. - Wall Ptreet Journal. . i