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PAGE TWO .THE CANADIAN STATESMAN, BOWMANVILLE, ONTARIO TUSASP.2r,14 Establlshed 1854 AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Wlth wblch Is Incorporated The Bowmnanville News, The Newcastle Independent, and The Orono News. 88 Years' Continuous Service To The Town of Bowinanvllle aud Durham County. Member ~ Audit Bureau of Circulations Canadian e Weekly Newspaper Association Class A Weeklles of Canada SUBSCRIPTION RATES $2.00 a Year, strlctly i advanc. $2.50 a Year In the United States. GEO. W. JAMES, Editor. THE STATESMAN HONOR ROLL - On Active Service - Capt. John M. James Capt. Wm. G. James Warrant Officer Donald Cameron Sergt. George Graham Cpi. Arthur Living The Army Carrnes On Brass bands iarohing imen off to war nma- eloale ils tuisic witlt harslier, martial strains, slîufflinig feet ouncrowded lpavcmenits inay inluffle its trîtaîpels, inaîy-colored uniforîns of half the world now ont the sidcwalks of Cauadian towns miay subéine its onee unique uniforins - but te Salvation Army baud, like the great force it symibolizes in lte pub- lie mid, stili carrnes on. Inw-ai, as iii peace, it summnons to thought; it is the outward evideuce of a great wvork that silentiy anîd ceaselessiy goes onitni the world - among men broken by adversity and thieir ow'n weakîîesses, among chiidren who are waifs, aînong mothers, the aged. the sick or the despairing. The Salvation Ariny is an amazing organ- ization, tiîough today its achievements, no lonîger itîexpected, mna ofteîî be overiooked. Il is baeked by no chureh, but is possessed of faith. It boasts no titans of finance or in- dustrv among its leaders, but is buit, in- stead. upou the broad shouiders of common Christian folk. Started ini a London slumi's degredatiou, it reaches today 10 the topnîost leveis of a thousand coniununîtjes in a huudred colin- tries. Survivor of Onîe Great War, it finds in titis second world conflict tiew~ trials 3-et g-realer opportunities to serve. With ail il is doing for men aud wonen in the arnied services of the United Nations -in eniem.N lands il is banîted because C'hristian aud democratie - il itas not ne- ]eeted the field 10 serve which il begran: the meeting of human emerg-encies wherever and whenever found wvith an uuiderstaiugii. and compassion born of exJ)erieitee and with -practical ineasurablee help. Ponder over tîtese llîoughits about the Sal- vatiomi Army and be prepared to contribute generousir when the canvasser calîs for, your subseniption to the Saivation Armv Home Front Appeal. vý lndustry's Big Chance Industry is finitiug fulscope for ils pro- ductive capacity iu wiîtig the war. After the war te age of plastics, lte age of flighl and otiter grreat opportuttities îNili eaul for eveul more productiou - and for somietiîing more titan that. Withottt the ineative of winung the war wve nnst fiîtd a new- mccii- tive whieitmeni and ianagemiteut plan 10- gether not oui - 10 l)roduce for- the neiv worid, but 10 prodttce the new~ wonld itself. Steppiîîg up production was the probiem that taced"industr3- in ils iufaîtcv. Evervone thoîight that iii produciug more goods, anid deveioping our resources, iay the hope of a Golden Age - einploymeuî for ail, higber wag-es, leisure, security anîd happiîtess. But this did not happen. Soniethiug vas mnissiug. Then people canme to realize that mass outiets for miass distributiont had to be found. So lte new\ sehiene of merchandis- ing-ad vert ising- camne mil s own. Iceboxes, refnigerators and vacuumu celeaners found their w-a- ito more aîd niore homies. But stilisonething îvas uissing. l)epres- sioti followed (lepression, and even it pros- perity, men îvere restless. The inagîtifieeut prodncts of industry were ofteu used 10 harm lte people tliey w'ere intended 10 benefit. pendeitce. The traditioiially Americaîî at- mosphere of opporltniity and itîdependence makes ait employer resent the concessions ini plant îtatiagenteiut lie litas 10 make 10 a slrong uniion. By the same token, the union leader is doubly aggressive. The employer, wiîo bas an all-absorbing stake inilte situa- tion, lias tiot aitogether rcalized lte extent to wiîicl lte responsibility for îtaking col- lective bargaining work rests upon him. Liberal Party Becomes Restless Il litl1olitme soolter or lai ci. llopefuliv itd expe elaut ly tllic vii dav ]lias becu puit oiff, klio(wiltg ti;ta tisuhow do-twmt Wotiid le iii- evii abi c wili tllc Oita io Liberal Pari v 1litera 11 llv thnou(ttIfet tflice ltrotigh iîtsis- t clive ot' tilic Fe(icral Lmuerais aI (Ottaw-a de- îîîaîtd îug ait îcltoit, followvcd i- tourt Federal lh-cleutîitis ii whiehlitelicLibenals Nvcre il] defcalcd, if becaîtte apparet soine- iii iîîgw-as wroiîg witiîfthe Liberals' po1icv- of aitn i-tt-)r3-i-s-oi3,particaularly wltcîî a îvorld wvanlias becît iii progress for several 3-ars. Fiualil-. afler îîîuicl urgiîîg bY fle faithfîtl Liberai stalîvants back home in lte idings acnoss Canada, tiîeY prevailed upili teir Ottawa board of strateg3- 10 cal a mteetintg of the National Liberal Federa- l ion anîd of tite Govertîmient supporters iii flicte w-ti 1uses of Panliaint aI Ottaw-a. Thiis loîîg deferned get-togelter is bciîîg hcld ii lte Capital City titis week. The gatîer-î is 10 be hîeld behiîid closely tiled doors, for it is expecled tuat aimnatcd dis- eussionîs wiii take place ltaIwill bie too hiot' 10 pubiisli on ordiîanx- new'spriuit - anid as- bestos wouidn '1 lold lte îtk. So the patient anîd over-bîtrdened eleelors niut await otiteoite of titis Liberal Itititle antd tîtemibe conttentt with prepared liatîdotîts 10 lte press. Not a very satisfaetory waî- of glivintîgattnnibiased rep)ort b lite putblie, but yet tite eetors htave i it i tîteir own.hattds, via te ballot box, (witenever that linte coies), 1 expr-ess lteir views oi tisuci t reatmeîtt. Il is hopcd individtial dclegales w~ill brnmg ettough pr-essure-c b beai- oi tlie Prinie Mini- ister an(] lus Cabinet regrarding lte prie tîand vage comtrol fiasco lhe3- have created, taI lte coimîgii tide of inflatiotn will bceurb-îed. If te public are giveti fearless leader-ship aiottg witb a fnank cxplanation of this iti- ticate problemî w'e feel citizens at-e prepared to go 10 any mieasune of so calied sacrifice 10 hlod pniceceilings. So fat- Fitnance Miiister I151ey atnd Donald Gordont, chairman of \Var- lime Prices and Trade Board, are the oniy two higlier-nps aI Ottawa w-ho liave beemi coltrageous enougb 10t comle ight out in«tie open aîîd warni the people of the dire, con- sequetîces of inîflationî. At this stage of the war titis is no tinte foi- the (4verniîteît 10 espotise a policv of pniec appeascîneul and a dole 10 chiidîeîî in the liope of îvuîning l)ack politicai suplport. _V The Backbone 0f Canada As we read obituaries from time 10 tinte ii weekl3- newspapers of meni in rural dis- tricts passimtg on 10 Ilteir etental reward, the thouglit lias often cone tb us ltaI we owe a gi-cal debt 10 tiiese stalwart pioneens w-ho at-e lilîle kiowîihc3oîtd tein own coin- rnlnit3-. Takett as a group, thev are the nu- kniowit benoes anîd buildens of Cantada. Tiîey seldoin, if evei-, make the iteatiines tn a tiewspapei- for tbeir contibution to the stead- gî-owth and progress of Ibis country, yet lhe3- are i-eall- the fouîîdalioit aîd baek- boîte of Ibis vast Dorninion. Tbe3- set ami exarnpie in chanaeten and Clristian fortitude w-iclit tiis gettenatiot i mîîigt well ernulate in a w-orld of tut-moil and chaos. Success bo them is not nîcasured ini îatemial gaini but in service rendercd for lte betterment of humanty. As a typicai examuple of just îvhat we ineami we qîtote a fewr exînacîs frorn an obitmîary reeeîîtly publislied i The States- mîati of the late J. W. Latncaster-, beloved farnter andi frieîîd of Clar-kc Towvnship: "Mnr. Lantcaster iras te eldesî soit of lte late Sidney- Lancaster and Agites, Sytuons Wade. Wlien a vomi-î mantlhe took over the oid lîomcslead îvbiehibis grnîdfabe-, ,Joua- thaît Lanîcaster-, bîildcd fror lte vingin foi-est. . Mn. Lancaster ivas ait ardent ciîîîch w'orker al bis life. His boyitood ivas sl)etiii hlittIle Bible Cliistian Churcb aI Pot-t- Grainby-whidi becarne a part of tbc Meltodisî Cituî-ch. SinceltaI; lime lhe tever -eased to carry- what hias seemed aI tinies more ltait ls sitare of responsibiiity, serv- iîîg as chairmaît of the Board for a tîumber of ycars. -.- .Ib is humble devotiomi 10 hîs -tuneh lite vas carn3ing oit a farnily tradi- lioii. Siîtcc the turnming of tue firsl sod for fle Metodisl liîurch ini Newtonville the naie Laitcasten bias lteeiione of ils buiwarks. . . Mi-. Lanceaster served on Pont Gr-anby Publie Scitool Board for aboutt 25 years. . . Beittg, of a quiet, retiintg disposition lie -oîîîd merain t uiruffled it the inidsl of pen- sonal -ri-iicisin on niisiutletstantclititg but itis conivictionis w-erc deep and slnQng Wad îîotiî- iiîg could datîntlor- tiscounage Iiitti whteii a pninciple w-as aI stake. He ttevei- lost itis faill iniiCod or itis feilow meit. In bis -pas- 1 The Kamloops Sentiîte] issues titis woî-d ofIo warnting: In recent elecîloîts slartling it-r ci-case in bbc number of polilicai parties liasd corne 10 lie suriface. Thîis is a bad sign. Tood many factions ivililcad 1t- uic by minitiy- groups and even disr-uption of the country. I ivas the downfahl of France. Il 15 10 be t iîoped Ibat Camadian polilical touglit doesb tiot split imb a multitude of channels. 1 ITALY MAY BECOME FLANDERS 0F TRIS WAR These Lines Are Wrltten Whlle the Allied Fifîh Army is dling- ing 50 bravcly but desperately 10 ils shallow hridge-head near Naples. Judging by the flood of excited comment which cornes over the radio and through the press il is cicar that rnany people, in aliied counîrmes, have received a rude shock. Thcy had expecbed the "uncon- ditional surrender" of Ibaly 10 mean the end of heavy fighting Ihere, and a walk over t0 the Alps. Instead what has happened already suggests thal Italy rnay becorne w ha b Flanders was i ..n ..... .... bhc lasI war bhc decisivean bloodiesî west.Ï-« cmn baîbiefield Whatever the: oulcorne of the. local babîle a S alerno, tw broad realîties:::::::'::::::. now begin bo emerge frorn al the open a nd - secret doinga of bbc Past fe ew k w eeks.Thy4 1. We have ai--. ready gained a tremendous military advantage by the legal fact of Italy's sur- rentier. The most important f ca- turc of this is that we have ai- ready firmly established footholds from which a real Second Front can be expanded, 2. We have nevertheless once again revealed the tragic weak- ness of our political apProaeh te, the nations of enslaved Europe; and by secretly playing around with dlscredited kings and sec- ond-string Fascist stooges we played right into the hands of our chief enemies. The Major Thing hl The Milî- Iary victory. Whab we have iack- cd, so fan in Ibis war, was a suit- able land front, such as we had in World War 1. During the Iragic years when Wc were on bbc de- fensive the lack of such a front was a real advantage. Oun job was bo keep Hitler from breaking ouI of the European box-which he calîs bis fortresa. But once bhc lide of war was burned the absence of a major Second Front was the greateat of allied war weaknesses. This was not rnereiy because that iack con- stitutcd an obvious cause of grievance and suspicion of our Soviet Allies. Il was because, without such a front, there was no way of usîng the immense armies wbich we have built up over the years. We found ourseives on the borna of Ibis dilemma: We could not niak some 0f the more crucial Possible attacks against tbc Ger- mans because we had only a lim- ited number of battle-trained di- visions chiefiy because we had no extensive batiefieid where mcex- perienced Iroopa couid lcarn on bbc job. Italy Provides Us Wlth An ideal front which can be 50 used -providing that we do nol mean- lime find somebhing even better. We have truiy vast armies availabie for attack frorn bbe south. These include nol only bbc British Firat and Eighîh Armies, and bbc bwo American armies whicb have foughb already under Eisenhowcr'a command. There are aiso bbc British Nintb and Tenbh Armies. These latter bavé nol fired a shol since Synia was laken over from bbc Vichy French; and since Pensia was forcibiy occupied by British and 1 Russians. The reorganized army of French Liberation - urged of i oven-age ex-Vichy generals-now numbers at leat five powcrful divisions in tbc eanly future. 1 There are aiso severai fine Pouash i divisions avallable. Wars Are Won By The Destruc-t tion of the enemy's wiii or Power to fight. Thal means cithen or both of bwo Ihings in Ibis wan: i ýThe destruction of German( morale, on the home front, by bombîng and otherwise; or the complete defeat of German armed cforces in the field. Germany conceivabiy might be beaten by the first means. But Germany ccntainiy wouid be beaten by success in the second respect. Hence the vital importance of the establishment of a major front against the German army in Ibaly. As the picture unfoids I arn sure il wili be found that il is the Ger- mans-and not ourseives - who have stepped mbilt in Ibaly. IITALY STEWS IN HITLER'S JUICE Great As Are The Mllitary gains from the belated surrender of Italy the means by which il was achieved are now rcvcalcd in aIl their tragic circurnstances. We now learn, once again, that there is no such thing as "1uncon- dibional surrender." The sur- nender of Itaiy was made, after six or seven weeks of public cx- changes bctween the hcads of the democracies and the Italian Gov- ernment. The "unconditional" surrender was made after condi- tions had been discussed and ar- ranged in secret negotiations in Lisbon, Portugal, iasting continu- ously frorn August 6 10 the sur- render date. There is, of course, nothing nccessarily weak or sinister in ail Ibis. Il has been pointed ouI over and over again that there is in fact no such thing as uncondi- tional surrender, in the literai ~meaning of the phrase. All that there is, or can be, is that the victor defines the conditions, cîther before or afler the sur- render itself. From The Time of The Over- thnow of Mussolini our leaders went ouI of their way 10 arrange a deai with King Victor Emmanuel, or Badoglio, or both. We can only guess the rncaning of ail the cominga and goings be- twcen the Vatican and represent- atives of the U.S. State Depant- ment. But we do not need 10 guess whaî was behind these. For Mn. Churchill himseif rcvealed the attitude of his governrnent, at least, in his latesI speech in Panliament. We would do nothing 10 under- mine "Iaw and order," including the thronc, or the Itlian state structure, hie said plainiy. Rather we would "let Itaiy stcw in hier own juice" was the way hie put il. Il turned ouI Ihat such a policy rcsuited in letting Itaiy stew not in hier own but Hilr's "juice." The plain fact ia that Hitlcr's men wene using ail those wecks of delay and secret negotiations much more cffectiveiy than we were. That is the reason why they have been able 10 restore a fan more sinisten form of Fascism Ihan couid or did exiat in Itaiy before Mussoiini's fail. The Truth h That We Pulled our punches in the war wibh Itaiy. We had two choices. One was 10 attempî a- quick deal with the comrnon people of Itaiy. The other was 10 attempt a bargain with the people aI the top-the sarne powers and polentabes who broke with Fascism only when il was a question of saving their own necks, or wealth. We handled the moronic uitIle king wilh kid gioves. So we now see Mussoiini's gangsters (not to mention rnaybe aven Mussolini himseif) once more aI liberty. The net effect of our impossible attempt bo enable Badoglio maintain "iaw and or- der" has been 10 restone tbc Blackshirts in three-quarters of aii Italy. HitIer's iaw and orden rîow rules even Vatican City. There hs Not One Single Mli- tary advantage, which was gained after ail the weeks of se cret ne- gotiations, which couid not have been better gained afler a quick surrenden forced withina e daya of Mussolini's fali.a Suppose we had comrnenced 10 non-stop night and day bombing of Rome as soon as Mussolini fell. Suppose we had said that il would continue without break tlI un- conditional surrender was made. Does any realist doubt that it wouid have followcd within a malter of hours? To The Editor: In your Sept. 9th issue, the article, "Back to the earth plans in Ontario,"~ by CapI. Elmore Philpoît, the statement, "the basis of aîl prosperity, past, present and future is the soil itself,"' proved arresting and inspired the lhought, Le., "Wiil the men of the soul in Ontario today ever know truc prosperity?" During the last decade the farmer who could produce the most from the leasl amount of land was lauded for his efficiency even though the surplus set low prîces for ail producîs. The land was mincd and no care or thought given 10 the nutnients of the pro- duct. How about a fine tooth comb for Durham County 10, find a dozen people with sound teeth? (Perhaps wc do not want good teclh.) Now the signs point 10 planned production. (including plannc wcathcr, we suppose) and langerd farm units with less people on the land. Our Creator surciy neyer intended the only real decent place for people 10 live 10 be inhabitcd by machincry while human beings huddle in big cilies. As wcll as a commission 10 study the Ganaraska, a commis- sion might well study every foot of farm land in Durham County. or ail of Ontario and find cause and effect in conditions of hous- ing, farm buildings, equipment, fencea and roads. Swords might wcll be turncd imb piough shares and I believe a revolution on the land could most casily solve un- employment. Supposîng men and womcn of the land, who love the land, and have' been willing, as their war effort, 10 work 15 hours per day and take huge losses through lack of equipmcnt and labor were now 10 ask for just what labor la ask- ing for, and why should we not? For labor bo have more, what we have been forced to buy at higher pricea than before 1914 has been inferior quaiity s0 wc paid twicc. We have ample proof as 10 quality. Af ter a foot by foot study of the farm lands a commission might decide that science must be em- pioyed right on the land 10, find out about our nice looking miik and fine iooking animais and standing crops bc determine as bc why and whcrc our teeth arc going. A commission might de- cide that if farmers could rest one day in seven and land rest one ycar in seven and thal if farmers could have shorter hours there might not be so much necd for pianned production. A commission might aiso decide that farmers could cmploy machinists and machine shops, power slnraying service for paint- ing, plant spraying and interior building spraying and cold stor- age plants and electricians and plumbera and why not? Farmers couid use breeding stations and storage facilities (there are lean years) and etc. We can have and may have what certain manufacturera de- cide we should have-, namely a lot of cheap trash- 10 give cm- Ployment, but what have we in reburn, peace, comfort and pros- perity? Sept. 151h, £943. Sureiy after thia upheavel bbe thinga Ibat are wonthwhile shahl have Value. We know bbc importance of trade agreernents, foreign mar- kets, food distribution and bbc lack of wise stalesman, but we cannot afford 10 ignore bbc ground under oun feet. There is a town without a tooth ache wbere wheat is nich in phos- pou(Mra.) M. M. SNOWDEN. Bowrnanville, R. R.*3, <14Humai Touch of the SALVATION ARMY TuE HMAN OUCiI ON HF.1 HOME FRONT , 57,489 C90sfdl*Os mttaî beefitted from the personaliServices 0fThSaIvtuOnAmiy last ycril, its ofbI . at'uomes sond HOsPittls Oid 1 olk oes rIsOad pol Court Vork chbldren's HoleS M iso rue nds' Service FrecCLabour Service MàeO5 HOstels tb ARTIMEtbe girl oryouwomv an alone in Ethcity faes new problmsnd perils. To her, The Salvation Army offers understanding, compassion and practical help. The receiving and nlaternity bornes of Tbe Arrny keep open door, Last year, 17,187 women receivedîts care. In its hospitals tbere were 11,437 bmrths and 8,611 operations, This is only onc phase of the many-sided work of The Saivation Army on Canada's home front, To the needy, the homeless, the afflicted, The Arrny brings material aid and spiritual hope. YOUA~ dollars make this possible. The work MUST go on. Make your response a generoas one. '4, Canvas starts in Bowmanville Sept. mber 25, with these officers and committ.os: Chairman, W. R. Strike; treasurer, F. 0. MeIîveen; pub. licity chairman, Geo. W. James; organizer house-to-hous. canvas, Mrs. C. W. Siemon; committee, Alex McGregor, Aubrey Smith, Douglas Bryant. PREMIER GEORGE DREW wiII make a report TO THE PEOPLE 0F ONTARIO Friday, Sept. 24th 8.30 p.m. over the Ontario Regional Network of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and Affiliated Stations As1 ÇeeMt. By Capt. Elmore Philpett 1 M THURSDAY, SEPT. 23rd, 1943