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PAGE TWOTHCAfDA TTSAq OMN1L.OTAlOTUSATA nt %=un »tattuan Establlahed 1854 with which is incorporated Tii. Bowmanvile NoesThe. Newcastle Independent and The. Orano News 94 Years' Continuous Service ta the Town of Bowmanville and Durham County Authorz.d as Second Class Mail, Post Office Department, Ottawa AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Member Audit Bureau of Circulations Canadian Weekly Newapap.rs Associatioi w SUBSCR1PTION RATES $2.50 a Year, strictly in advance $3.00 a Year in the United States Published by THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Bowmanville, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES, Editor Parliamentary Index Shows Durham Member on the Job Wiriding up a recent tour of Durham County, including attendance at several meetings of former organizations, C. E. Stephenson, M.P., lef t Sunday for Ottawa to be in his place when Parliament re-opens Wed., Jan. 26. It will be the first session in which Prime Minister Louis St. Laurent beads the Liberal administration and the first appearance of George Drew as an M.P. and the national leader of the Progressive Con- servative officiai opposition. The Parliamentary Index of Hansard for the past year bas just reached the office of The Statesman. It lists the speeches and enquiries of ail members of the House with the pages des- ignated. We find a full coiumn devoted ta the activities of C. E. Stephenson, M.P., Durham County. Taking part in debates during the session, his name appears as associated with 41 items on the agenda. Aside f rom bis speech on the Throne Debate Mr. Stephenson went directly after such matters as getting the government to renew inspections of accredited herds for Durham County, the lift- ing of the cattle embargo, foreign markets for farm surplus, marketing of apples, price of bar- ley, oats and feed, tobacco marketing, and other items of interest ta farmers. Recorded also are his passages with the C.C.F. members in the House, his contribution on Health and Weifare legisiation, bis warning of the 'Communist bookup in Canada, bis in- sistence for a simpiified Farm Incarne Tax pro- cedure and an eniightened poiicy of immigration ta relieve the farm labor problem. This impress- ive record quite justifies the comment of Mel. Staples, President, Durham Liberal Association, uat a recent Rotary Club meeting when Mr. Stephenson was the speaker, that 'Charlie Ste- phenson is doing a good job at Ottawa for bis constituents." SoMething for Nothing Lures Public into Dilemma The leaflet "Industry,"' published by the Canadian Manufacturers' Association, carrnes in its January issue, a striking story on how people can be f ooied by socialist doctrine offering "somethinq for nothing" in thz? realm of social security. It highiights the politicai immaturity of the public and the senseiess economics of the socialist professors preaching Marxism. The foiiowing "quote" needs no further comment: 'Unfortunately, there is more thon a f air share of the globes population suif ering from the delusion thot money does grow on trees. Wit- ness the state of Oregon, which heid an autun referendum on a scheme to pay a pension of $50 a month to ahl men of 65 and over and the same amount to ahl women of 60 and over, even witbout the "means" test. The Oregonians not oniy approved the plan with a whacking major- ity, but on the same ballot plumped for higher income tax exemptions. "Came the dawn and a study of practical details. Somebody with a flair for mathematics discovered, to his and the state qavernment's horror, that in 1949 there wouid be more than 175,000 maie and female Oregonians eligible for the pension and thot the cost to the state wouid be in excess of $100,000,000 a year! "This astronomnical figure turned out to be three times the states budget for ail purposes. Not oniy hod the get-rich-quick votes ignored the fact that such a sum couid not materiahize except tbrough ruinous taxes, but they had vated for a tax reduction. Ail in aIl, the Oregon legisioture is in a pretty f air pickie. Whether or not the facts were pointed out to the voters before the referendum is beside the point. The obvious moral is that the glitter of money growing on trees was f ar brighter than any giow cast by Xcommon sense." Indiatios i theNewsCal At a meeting of the Durharn Vegetable Growers ~>nNewamtethe Ontario Secretory of the Vege- pbeGrowers mid that canning companies are 4%.ýoverstocked with canned vegetabies that sorne "*paneu are on the verge of bankruptcy and 2~Z~k some farmers have net been paid for tiel season's output. At the same time the price o caca has f allen 30 percent and smre vegetable ols are takring a nase-dive. It is reported a184 that breakfast cereals are maving more siowly, What can we canclude from this inform. ation? It is beoming apparent thot whole. saers are easing up on buying and retailers are watching their weekly orders, both takinc the precautian not ta be caught with inventories ut current pices. This back-log will have tc move and there seems no out ta it but ta sac- rifice ut lower prices. Indeod, ut the moment, an intornationaiiy farnous brand of canned park. and-beans is selling retail ut 10c per can. The Finoncial Post predicts that the decine in cococ pricos will drasticaliy affect the candy market very soan and the humble chocolat. bar will be bock ut the pre-war 5c pfice. Overstockec retoilers may be in for o boss In this lino. The announcement that cantracts for com- mercial vegetable growers wiil be delayed intc February brinqs right home ta formers just what the deveioping situation connotes. A food price break appears ta be in tbe offing on the do- mestic front in tbe linos above indicated. In other linos now readiiy sold in the U.S.A. lies the compensating factor. Farmers are beqimning ta foan that their prices wiil foul while the goods they have ta buy will reinain ut current levels or go even higher. Now that parliament is agair in session is the time for frmiers ta do smre thing in this tbreatening situation. Bell Telephone Co. Figures Reported Wrongly Last Issue In an editorial in last week's issue ai The Statesman whicb gave a summary aif facta and figures on the progress of tbe Bell Telephome Company ai Canada as revealed in its em- ployees magazine, we have discovered a ramI erar. The oditorial as publisbed gives the number of individual shareboiders as 4,439. hI should have read 34,439, quite soie difference. The number ai employoes quoted was, correctiy, 23,355, all ai whonm may be shareholders. The point we suggested wat. that this alleged Ilmonopoly" enterprise, in the bonds af so mamy jsharebolders, bas become under iberal policies, a better "sociabized" setlip than the Sacialisti theniselves could match. Also in the same issue, an editonial on "Canada'à Trade" wos written: "People set te work ta recover lost prosperity." When pninted it read: "To 'caver' lost prasperity.". Slips ini type are camion in mort publications, but whei, ropetitian becomes the caîmon practice, reoders con understand why mony editors graw gray long before their time. Our apoloaýîes ta the Bell Company amd to aur 12,000 reode'ns for the errors aboya pointed out. We may odd tbat we are quite confident it will bappen aqain sa we oxtend a blanket apology for the future. Government Spending Spree Precedes Parliament Opening Canada's new Prime Minister, lit. Hon. Louis St. Laurent bas a formidable task before bum when ho meets ihe House this week for the first tume as the official leader ai the gavernient. With 100 items on the leilative agenda thon. are moniy major probloîs that wili test bis cap- acity ta the liti. There one the Atlantic Pact, National Defence, the Newfoundland case. trade witb sterling countries, the St. Lawrence Seaway, the wheat agreements, the margarine issue, ta nome a few, that will cause him long hours af ovorwork. Hîs support frai Mn. King, now sitting os a privote member, wili be offset by the form- idable powers ai George Drew mow leader ai the officiai opposition. Mn. St. Laurent bas mode same significant changes in resliuffling parts among experienced Undersecretaries and bas nomed sevoral more M.P.s as assistants ta members ai bis cabinet. Two new M.P.'s, Mike Pearson and Stuart Gar- son, wiil greatly strongtben bis administration. But the new Prime Minister will need ail the talent b. con assemble ta dol end rame of bis recent actions. The buge surplus rolied up by Finance Minister Abbott bas boom cballenged as unnecessany taxation. The way it is being A Year of I-igh Hope Canadians have reasan for high hope. Our nesources are still ma groat that aven with boss thon a healthful, honest allant ta cantnibuta ta aur share ai the world's wark., most ai the men. women and children ai this country wiii b. botter boused, botter clatbed and botter led in the caming year thon nune-tenths ai the people af the aarth. There la always the hope that Canadians as o wbole will rire ta their appor- tunities and by groaten intelligence and 'indus- tnv niake physicai and spiritual gains which wil pravide Canada and its custorar with a bighen standard ai living and a growth ai good will wbicb wiil contibute iîmonsely ta pouce. The danger ai 1949 is that Canadians rnuy be satisfied with bss thon their best effort und wasto their oppontunitios ta serve their own good and the good ai mankind. -John Atkins af Sbingwauk Faima. Lr U.N. Exiends Con f a The G eral Assembiy of the U new pretecel extending internm synthetie drugs whlch had been n remained outside-the scepe of p of narceties. Abeve are soniee national contrai by the new Prot oniy natural narcetica, much a Changes in Teach To Develop Demoi Described hy Schc One of the best and mort inform- ative addresses we have read on the modern methods of teaching 3 in aur schools today was givor by Mn. G. Leslie Woodruff of Pet- erboro Normal School teaching staff at a Federation of Agricul- LX ture banquet last week in the Lift- tlock City. Mn. Woodruff is n stranger ta a Bowmanville sud- ience as ho recently spoke at oui local Rotary Club on vocationsl guidance which address was re- parted un The Statesman. To bot- ter infoi aur readers an the present day changes in teaching î ethods we are pleased ta quote extracts frai * Mr. Woodruff's address. 1 Teaching methods in the schools of Ontario today encour- age children ta discover things for theniselves, said Mr. Woodruff in a discussion of pedagogic trends. That is the essence of tho ac- tivity pninciple which has ibeen r developed under the direction of the Provincial Departient ai Education. It associates practical experience and undenstanding ir 1 the knowledge children acquiro, in contrast with the more passive way of being tald things a gener- atian or twa ago. Tme could be saved in the telling of children, a sort af cramming method, Mn. Woodruff raid. Mr. Woodruff used this homeby analogy. "You can tell me tute and again how ta milk a caw, but I cannat mulk one until I actual. ly get down to milking. By the aider type of education a cbild received a lot af infanmatin, but ho acked sufficient understanding of it ta apply t readily in bis thinking and living." "We teach children today, not subjects," Mr. Woodruff raid. "Grandfathen's way of ife was fine for hlm, but it is na good for us. Life changes and so do teach- ing methods. Children are stili 1 tauglit the basic things, but there has been a great increase in technical knowledge. There is a wealth of scientific information in the world today, and it is re- flected in the classroom." Favors Activity Method A new emphasis bas been plac- ed on the child's ability ta learn. Many chîldren of eloyen yearr can divide a decimal by a deci- mal, but ta others that probleni is beyond their mental age. Soie are intebiectuaily brighter than others. If the average inteliectual rating was 100 and one chuld was down ta the level of 60, it would be unfair ta expect hlm ta came the windaw on a coid day iearn- ed frai the experience that ho had made the roorn chiiiy. and isybe ho bit a woman passing by an the sidewaik. A mare ef- fective psychoiogy would prob- abiy be ta apply a hand ta the seat of bis pants. That license of expression, Mn. Woodruff raid, was a lot of balderdash. "~If wve can harness a child's activities and direct theni in a right channel, they can be of tremendous value." Mn. Woodruff cited somi, of bis own expeniences as teacbc;r idi- cating the imagination of ebiidren, and reinarked-"We must under- stand the chiid at his a ïn level, and use that understadliing in planning the things ho ir t-)iearn. But. it takes the skillfiAl and jtrained teacher ta do it. T ~ften aur rural teachens ]bave J for the cities when they bave 1ur 1~. ~ mtrol Over Narcotica United Natiens recently approved a iatienal centrel ever a number ef developed ln recent years and had previeus conventiens on the entral. of the drugs breught under Inter- )tcol. Previeus conventiens eevered au opium, cocaine and morphine. ing Neihois cralic Cilizens ool Teacher i- that skill, and it is a shame te lose in aur good teachers."l i1 j Lif e is never static, and educa- i I tion and its methods must keep tchanging too. In recent years larg- ýer school units have been develop- 1ed in Ontaria. More than hall the t- township schaois are today in 1schaol areas. Rural schoois must 1- keep up ta date, and their teacli- ir ers too. Therein is a continuing 91 difficulty te keep pace with the times and their needs. t- Mr. Woodruff said the rural ischool was still the best place ta g gve the child the education he eneed s for the problems of life swhich he will have ta face. Its grades are more flexible, andthe 2 chiid who is botter equipped mon- tally is not heid closely without fixeci grade bounds. The rural nschool should nlot disappear nor s-would it in Northern Ontario and -elsewhere in areas of wideiy scat- ,ered population. )f The consolidated school was stili fa -bogey to rame farmers, Mr. iWoodruff said. However, when nthe conisolidated school of 12 classrooms was opened at Ban- .croft it was fiiied with the child- Sren of the district. Better facilities eand improved roads would con- dtinue ta result in more centraliza- Iftien of rural achools, 'by their own momentum, and not be laws forcing them," y The power of the classroom ecouid not be overestimated, Mr. i Woodruff said, but it ehould be ebolstered by the home and the dchurch. The ideal of education in ithis province was the development of Christian, demacratie citizens. 9The schools were helping ta sbuiid for the future. They were 4educating the men and women nlot of today. but of 1959, 1969 and sa son ta 1999. "Wo shouid neyer over- o stimato the experience the chiid gets in his years at school, and how that experience affects bis 11f e. e Mr. W. W. Dawson was chair- nman of the luncheon which was aattended by about 70 men and wo- nmen of the Federation. Mr. W. Clarence Mann in moving a vote of thanks to Mr. Woo4ruff said the subjeet of education was very timoiy and w9s presonted in a most interesting manner. "Those of us who are parents shave oftn wondered about the echanges from- aur own days whfch nwe have naticed irn the methods ,of education." Mr. Mann said. s "Mr. Waodruff bas given us a clearor understanding of it, and we are ail. grateful ta him for bis adâress." ]Real Airn Political eTo Nationalize iCanadian Banks Nationalization of Canadian banks would mean "politicai con- trol" aver $6,000,000,000 in bank deposits, and would give politi- cians the power to contrai boang, Joseph E. McCuliy, assistant supenintondent, business deveiop- ment dopartment, Bank of Mon- treal, told tbe Progressive Club in Toronto last week. "The real reason behind the move for nationalization is ulti- mately ta contrai the wbole econ- amy of the nation," ho raid. "Six billion dollars deposited by Can- adians under the present system wouid bo transferred te palitical control. There is a danger of pos- sible invasion of a person's ptivate bank accaunt." "Poliicias wil th.. bae;th 's Good Intentions of Cooperative Societies Not Labor Solution (John Atkins lni The Scene frem Shingwauk Farm) Thase well itentioned Cana- dian farmers and warkers who have been led ta believe that mort, if ont ail, rural-urban pnico and la- bar problems can be solvod by good intentions, shoubd consider carefully the babor exporience of co-operative societies in Great Bnitain who have found that "mis- undergtanding and distrust are as prevalent in co-operative employ - mont as in many other industries." Mr. R. Mathews, B.A. (Coin.) ofi the Co-operative Union Labor « Departmnent began an article in the Co-operative Review, official journal of the Co-operative Union Limitod, with the fahbowing strik- ing analysis of the labor probbem: "'Despite the nan"profit making nature of co-operative secietier, and despite the trades union sym- pathies of mort ccoperative coi- îîttee members, relations With employees containt ail the p'ob lems found in competitive indust- ry, te the disappointment af many, people. Sweet reasonableness and mutuai understanding do mot au- tamaticably foibow from the recog- nition of trades union and trade union aggreements, and misunder- standings and distrust are as pre- valent in ca-operative oniployment as in many other industries. "Recent experionces in nation- alised industries bave shown that industrial unrest is nat directby related ta the type of ownerrbip of industry, and on the other hantl there are employees of capitalist finms who are well satisfied with their employment. Wbaever the employer is, spart of course from those witb neither social con- science non intelligent foresight, the contract of employment is fundamentally the saine. The em- ployee wants the higbest passible wage, a reasonable amaunt of lei- sure and thinks ho wants tbe beast passible amount of wark ta do. But there are many more factors in bis bappiners or unhappines in bis work. It is the close atten- tion ta the underlying sources of satisfaction in work wbich ac- counts for the ibetter resuits ob- tained by certain employons. "Soie co-operative societies have set up sports and other such clubs, Joint Advisory Councils, etc. Same have granted bonuses and extra payments. Mort bave* superannuation rcbemes. All these can contribute ta improving the outlook of employees towards their work, yet it cannot be raid 1 that their effect bas always been in the right direction, or if se, haî been great. Rates of wages do net automaticalby affect the attitudde of workers and it jr well known that highly paid workers are as likeiy ta have gnievancor and even ta stnike as those who may be underpaid." AUSTRALIAN WHEAT PRICE The Australian Minister cf Commerce bas anpiounced that the guaranteed price for 1948-49 crap wheat will be 6 /8d. ($1.08) a bu- shel bulk f.o.b., compared with the 1947-48 price of 6 /3d. (Sl.01). The increase ir the result of incressed production casts and is in accord- ance witb regubatians of the Wheat Industry Stabiization Act of 1948. 0f ficers Eeç,à Rod &GunÎ For Good~V b At an enthusiastic mneetink the Goodyear Rod and Gun Cl~ held in the recreatian hall. of th,ý plant recentiy, the new ofticeruý for 1949 were elected as. follÔ'wi: President: George Heaths; Viee. Pres.: George Dilling; Treesut'er: George Y ung. With the thre Georges iîstalled the -remainder of the slat .was composed of tiin. Chairmen! ÈÉntertaiinentî Joe 0O'.. Neill; Fish: Bifi Shottaf;,,Ganie.1 Walter Goode. Thou shait love thy neighbo> as thyseif.-Matthew 1:9 crcnc Iiectric Phone 55-r-i Orono FAIM AND) HOUSE WIRING Repairs and Alterations . .. ... Pole Lines a Specialty Il ...Free Estimates.. CASh TEEN-AGE CONTrEST WINNERS TO APPEAR ON CKDO REQUIREMENTS AND RULES 1. Write in 300 wards or boss: "Why I propose. ta be an Abstainer." Write on one side of papen only. PI;t nmne, address and age in upper rigbt-band corner. 2. Open ta boys and girls, ages: 13 ta 15 and 16 ta 19. Any denaminatian or créed in the Oshawa Presbytery District of the United Churcb. 3. Entnies must be in mail flot later than Feb. 2tb. 4. Send your ontry ta: "Teen-age Contest, Box B., Pickering, Ontario. 5. Prizes fan each group: lst. $20.00; 2nd. $10.00; $5.00 6. To be marked: "Matenial," 75 p.c., "Cho' and Stylo," 25 p.c. 7. Independont, qualified Judges. Contest Sponsored by Woman's Assoc The United Chuch et Oshawa Presb. thaf reach around the world E nd to end, the counters of Caadl 3,330 branch banks would stretch only a few miles. Yet they reach farming, Iumhering, fishing, mining and industrial communities riglit across Canada-help move the products of these areas into the markets of the world. Through their foreign branches and correspondents, banks help to find customers for Canadian goods, help hring back the goods Canada must buy abroad. They provide Canada'& traders with the rinancial experience and facilities necessary to the. two-way flow of our foreign trade ... whlch totalled a record five billion dollars in 1947. SPONSORED BY YOUR BANK AL, 1 rý- 1 - TIIE CANADIAN STATEfflAlq, BOTMANVMIX, ONTARIO THUMDAY, Mflt