The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

""V504W %A% MPA PVW-tNA v .!nIA371? YV E T"A l? PAGE TWO THE_____________________________Ld il I ~ WVr~UWTA? WL LTj~T A O4iWI I CA NADTAS F1IRS~T VFAWQ alit janab=m tt~m Establinhed 1054 with whlch in zncorporated The Bowmanviil* News, The Nwcastle Independeat and The Orono News 95 Years Continuous Service fa the Town of Bowmanville and Durham County Authorized cm Second Cass Maili Post Office Department, Ottawa. AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Member Audit Bureau et Circulation& Cainadion W.ekly Newspaperu Association SUBSCRIPTION RATES $2.50 a Year, strictly in advance $3.00 a Year in the Unted States Publinhed by THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Bowmanville, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES, EIOM MUCH TO BE THANKFUL FOR When we stop for a moment to con- sider the comparative quiet of Bowman- ville, the absence of floods, major fires and epidemics, we can feel thankful that we live in a geographic area wbich makes floods almost impossible, that our build- ings are well-protected by an active vol- unteer f ire department. and that our health is protected by the well-organized Northumberland-Durham Health Unit. Although Soper's Creek, commonly known as the Cream of Barley Creek, and Barber's* Creek, usually called Vanstone's Creek, often go on the rampage in early spring, they are quick-draining streams. The siant of the land down f rom the Pine Ridge is steep enough that there are few places where the rusbing water might colleet in the form of a flood. In addition, Bowmanville is for the most part built on a high portion of land. The two new f ire trucks, with their own water supply and well-trained crews, have proved adequate to meet ail threats of major f ires in the past few years. And the efforts of the Northumberland-Dur- ham Health Unit have kept these two counties f ree of major epidemics ever since its inception in 1945. We are fortunate that we have ne St. Vitals, and no Rimouskis and Cabanos. But we must remember that it bas been organization that bas achieved these im- znunities. Although the tax rate may be rising slowly, and altbough we may at times feel oppressed by the burden of it, let us remember that the services we are receiving are commensurate with the mnoney we pay out. LIFE IN A GOLD FISH BOWL We have often said that the life of an editor of a weekly newspaper is SO in- timate and exposed to public view that it is comparable te life in a gold f ish bowl. For instance, if the grocer selis a dozen bananas and one is bad the customer Is the only one to know the mistake. But if the editor makes an error or a mistakè In bis paper every one of the 12,000 readers detects it. This f act was brought home to us very forceably in a recent issue when an advt. for the Public Utilities announced power off "April 23, 1905" when it should have read "1950." You'd be surprised at the scores -ments and phone calis we recei'. us on this mistake. Here iu one ereceived: "Dear Editor - If Rip Van Winkle slept for 20 years where have you been the last 45 years? This epistle is from one of your readers who dioesn't miss a thing. But it's flot such a bad 'old mg' ,and we enjoy reading it.-Constant Read- sAil of which goes to prove tbe adver- tisements are read as tboroughly as the news, but it sometimes takes a mistake to bring this f act to the surface. Some day, if the editor ever gets time, he's going to write bis memoirs and is go- ing to bead it: "The Open Door or Life in a Gold Fish Bowl." BELIEVE IT OR NOT Just betwe en us women, don't you think that Parisian designer of men's clothes - Gaston something-or-other - iu getting bis metaphors mixed, if we may mix a metaphor? We mean, after ahl, you can't expect a man to wear those things. Or - and the thought is just as 1iscouragirig - can you? Mareen tuxedos, black evening trou- sers with gay cummerbunds (sashes, no clothes, why should they be foroeci te $pend it on their own? We don't know ,which is worse - te malce tbem wear things they dislike or te create the risk that' they might learn to like thema. A BLOSSOM FESTIAL I z U VA v U- UJL£i We have always had a hankering te attend the Annapolis Valley Apple Blos- som Festival each spring when the an- neuincement is made. It's the first major event of the Nova Scotia tourist season and thîs year will be a four-day affair staged from June 2 te 5, inclusive. The festival is timed te coincide with the period when apple trees are in full bloom. Thousands are attracted annually not only to the festival, with its parades, princesses, and pageantry, but also to the unforgettable sigbt of a 100-mile-long beit of blossoming apple erchards. Memories of a drive winding tbrough the delicately scented, pink and white blossomîng trees are carried away by thousands cf en- thralled tourists. Over the four-day period a queen will ule - Queen Annapolisa - cbosen from princesses representing valley villages and towns. She and ber princesses highlîght a huge parade and also preside ovexý, the grand ball symbolizing the ending of the gay festival. Kentville, the bub town of tbe» Nova Scotia fruit belt, will be the centre of activities, the scene of parades, dancing, and music, while at nearby Grand Pre, the beart of the Land of Evangeline, the elect- ed princess will be crowned Queen An- napolisa XVIII. OUR DEMOCRACY MEANS FREEDOM Something that we take for granted in Canada today is a free and unfettered press. We bardly ever think of it in terms of a priceless possession, yet a moment's thought sbould prove ta us that Canadians can count freedom of the press among their blessings. Hitler and Mussolini built their power on a controlled press. They weme beaten by freedom-loving nations, but other countries today are In tbe samne position as were the ordinary citizens of Germany and Italy a few short years ago. Their peoples are in complete ignorance of what goes on outside their borders because of rigid state censorship. Our press freedom is a public freedom because our newspapers are the mýans by whicb Canadians get the information tbey need te judge their governments and make. Up their minds on public issues. It is the medium by which tbey can offer their opinions openly and without fear of reprisal. BEST BANKING SYSTEM IN WORLD Canada bas extended the princiPle of branch banking further than any other nation. The ten chartered banks bave 3,574 branches in Canada, a bigher degree of banking facilities, in relation te popu- lation, than in the United States or Britain. The branch bank bas a high degree of autonomy although, as its name implies, it operates under the general supervision of its bead office. For instance, 95 per cent of loan applications are decided by branch bank managers without reference te bigher authority. This principle ap- plies generally ameng the banks and one obvious reason- is the local knowledge beld by the branch bank manager, know- ledge of the man involved, bis business, reputation and character. This means that the major banking business of the Canad- ian people is done in their local branch banks. The branch bank system bas miany advantages, particularly in a country that is developing and expanding. It permits a small bamlet te bave the same ful range of banking services as the biggest city - and at the same low cost. It gives a community access te funds far in excess of its deposit resources because, wbere a community bas more on deposit than the aggregate af its loan potentialities, the excess is credited te bead office and made available te communities requiring extra funds. The branch bank system aise bas ad- vantages from the lending point of view because it enables a bank te vary its loans. A bank lends on apples here, wbeat there, Newfoundland, 50,694; Prince Edward Island, 13,165; Nova Scotia, 91,012; New Brunswick, 72,410; Manitoba, 105,611; Saskatchewan, 116,917; Alberta, 130,686; British Columbia, 156,367; and Yukon and Northwest Territories, 3,833. In a recent address Dr. H. J. Cody claimed the Boy Scout Movement is com- batting "dangerous tendencies which bave growf Up i Canada between the First and Second World Wars." Dr. Cody list- ed as dangerous tendencies in Canadian ie "the belief in in4ublgence without subjection te law, the desire ta bave bread without work, the assumptien of privil- eges without responsibilities." He said the Boy Scouts' Association was "a unique and splendid educational experiment in that it applies the fundamental princîples which combat these tendencies." Present Potentialities and Past Perform- ance Augur Brilliant Future for this North American Nation as She Nears the Century Mark. What lies ahead for Canada as she rounds eut hem first century of growth? Today this North Anierican Nation of thirteen million people, linked by a cern- mon Crown te the far-flung British Com- monwealth, is one of the world's feremost "middle" powers. In the, short space of. eighty years, she bas doue some amazing things. She bas become the - worhd's 'third greatest trading country. During the late war she attained third rank among the nations of the world as a sea power, and feurth rank as an air power. Today ber voice is lis- tened te with respect in the councils of the United Nations -and in other interna- tional gatherings. Her position« in the Commonwealth, and ber poximity te the American Colossus with whom she shares the major part of a continent, give ber a prestige and an influence out of ail pro- portion ta ber comparatively small num- ber of inhabitants. In hess than twe decades Canada will bave completed ber First Hundred Years as a political expression. What will she be like wben that century ends in 1967- only eighteen years from now? A glance at what she bas already ac- complishied, and the potentialities she bas uncovered ta date, may give same chue ta the answer. In 1867 Canada was a precarieus un- ion of three struggling British colonies, forced into a pretective alliance by press- ure from the sauth which threatened commercial ruin and political absorption. Confederation was a necessary con- diti -on of emaining British - and these people wisbed te remain British even in the face of a seeming indifference te their fate displayed by many statesmen in the Motherland. Even those of French stock in the Lower Canada of 1867 preferred their British allegiance te being swahhew- ed up in the United States. But intense local bayalties, especially amongst those of French stock who corn- posed alMost bal of the most populaus of the tbree colonies, made a fedemal Iorm of government inevitable. Thus the Unit- NEdyReview The Unorganized Poor sy LEWIS MILLICAN Certain officiais of the United Church ai Canada, wha have hith- erto put the blame for aur social and economic ilîs on the capital- ists, are beginning ta realize that the demands of organized labor are largely responsible for the high cost of living and unfair dis- tribution af the national income. Dr. J. R. Mutchmor, Secretary ai the Board ai Evangeiism and So- cial Service of the United Church, in an officiai statement says: "Ta demand bigger wages and high pensions, as the powerful and rich unions and raiiway brotherhoeds are doing, just makes it harder for the poor, and especially the un- organized poor, ta even exist". The new poor, says Dr. Mutch- more, are the white-collared workers, who "may appear re- spectable" and who "do flot coin- plain", but are "driven inte the low incarne bracket by the greed ai industry, labor and farm groups". This is the first time an officiai ai the United Church has attributed "greed" ta labor unions. That word "greed" bas been re- served for employers of labar who were accused ai "exploiting" union workers for profits. Now iA appears that the union workers are exploiting the white-callar workers for big profits in the form ai high wages and pensions. There are undoubtedly some greedy employers, but the profits ai industry are used for mainten- ance and expansion, which means mare employment, or are dîstrib- uted in the form ai dividends ta shareholders, wha include insur- ance campanies and numerous benevolent institutions, such as the United Church itself. That church has large endowment and trust funds, which share in those profits, and which were donated by capitaiists and thriity mem- bers ai the denomination. With- eut those bequests and large con- tributions for building funds from employers, the Church could nev- er have expanded in the past, and it is upon the contributions of cm- ployers and white-collar workers that it chiefly depends today. Certainly none ai the "rich and powerful unions" ever shared their profits witn any of the chur- ches. But it does not fallow that or- ganized workers are greedy and irreligiaus. They are just as goad citizens as the white-coliar work- ers, and most ai themn and their families are at least nominally members ai ane or other af the churches. Iîidividually they are happy and cantented while they have work te do and get a living wage. Many ai them work very hard, particularly in big construc- tion jobs like that which is in pro- gress on the underground street railway in Taronto. As I have wat- ched those hundreds ef laborers and mechanics, many ai themn stripped ta the waist in the sumn- mer time, I have been deeply ini- pressed by their muscular phys- ique and the untiring zest and in- terest with which they go about their work. There may be slack- ers amangst them, but they were flot evident, and it seemed ta me that the harder the task the better they liked it. There was a freedom and rugged dignity about them- the dignity ai labor. It would be the last thought in the minds ai those men ta strike and disrupt that great undertak- ing for the sake oi a few cents mare an haur or a few less heurs ai work. Yet if the word was passed araund that they wvere be- ing "exploited" and that their union was calling for a strike, they would lose ail their freedom and dignity and one by ane submit te the inevitabie. That is how labor disputes and strikes are started, and that is how the costs ai pro- duction are i ncreased, with subse- quent higher prices and the low- ering af the purchasing value ai the incomes ai unorganized wark- ers, pensioners and numeraus charitable institutions and church- es. As anather officiai of the Unit- ed Church, wha used te be a Sa- cîalist, said recently: "Rising casts in time cause unemploy- ment. When prices go beyond what the traffic wili bear, there is a recession in purchasing. There was same wisdomn in the ancient praverb about killing the goase that lays the golden egg. The law ai diminishing returns stili works". Even ministers ai the gospel can learn from experience the elementary facts about prac- tical economics. Whai Others Say A COOSTLY STRIKE (Oshawa Times-Gazette) paper has prepared a detaîled es- timate af the cost ai the strike at the Chrysier automobile plant in that city, a strike which started Ion January 25 and lasted for 99 days. Its figures show that up ta the end ai April, the cast ai the strike was $1,287,918,080. In an analysis ai the lasses, it breaks thema down. as follaws: Ta 10,574 deaiers and the fac- tory, 455,000 cars and trucks worth $910,000,000. Te 6,500,000 suppliers, purchas- es worth $272.000,000. To 89,000 strikers, wages worth $78,918.000. Ta 50,000 idle supplier workers, wages worth $27,000,000. These are fantastic figures, but they do indicate the far-reaching effects ai a prolonged strike in the automobile industry. And when ane considers the length ai time it wili take for bath the campany and its workers ta make good these gigantic lasses, ane is inclined to agree with the aid say- ing that nobody wins in such a, st.rike. MINISTER URGES MORE SPENDING (Toronto Telegram) Resources Minister Robert Winters urges Canadians ta, spend their earnhngs freely lest "«toa much thrift take the Dominion down the road towards a depres- sion". "A major responsibiity rests upon the shaulders of Can- adian women", Mr. Winters de- clares, "ta keep the economy af the country healthy and pros- peraus. The purchase af a gay Sprinu bat, or a holiday in the Muskoka district", says the Min- ister fromn Nova Sectia, "is good bath for morale and for the Can- a"in economy". Mr. Winters' thinks that ta try ta save too much is bad. Strange advice, that, frerm a Cabinet Minister. Stranger stilll coming from Mr. Winters, who hails from Lunenburg, N.S., where thriftiness is second only ta Godli- ness, and where prosperity has not vanished even when the rest of the country was in the throes of depression. "Buy more, enjay more, and Canada will remain propsperous", says Mr. Winters. If this slogan represents the economic policy of the Federal Government, and there is no reason to believe oth- erwise, it at least enjoys the dis- tinction of being the most forth- right statement on the subi ect ta date. The trouble is that indi- vidual citizens who try spend- ing their way to prosperity usu- ally end up broke. Sa do govern- ments, for that matter. The only Glen Rae's Milk 0 0 Always ai Ifs Besi Gien Rae's milkis ane food that's always at its best, every day of the year, winter and summer - and lt's as good for oldsters as children. Many over 50 have found it helpful asaa mnealtime beverage because lit is easy to digest and doca not lnterf ere wlth leel. Order Gien Rae's mllk te- day. Ask our Milkmen for REDDI - WIP an efforticas way to glamorize every day'. desserte. wGoEumLRA£1±1RYmU Phone 4 44 ed Provinces of Upper and Lewer Canada were split inte two, becoming the pre- vinces of Ontario and Quebec, the former overwbelmingly of English speakîng stock, the latter predominently French-speaking and Cathobic; ahd each of these, as well as Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, was given a legishatume to manage its local affairs, leaving matters of common inter- est «to a central parliament at Ottawa. The uneasy womking of this federal union was subjected te still further strains as other provinces came in, or were carved eut of the great western territories seen te be acquired from the Hudson Bay Company. These sectional interests and jealous- les bave net prevented Canada from achieving a degree of national unity suf- ficient te make notable achievements pos- sible. But in 1867, and for some years te came, the faith of the Founders was sore- ly tried. The four original provinces, two of them separated fram the others by form- idable natural barriers, embraced a large- by unsettled area.aI slightly over a million square miles, witb a total population of less than three and a bal million. Eigbty per cent of the inhabitants were engaged in farming, lumbering or fisbing. There were few cities or even towns of apprec- lable size. What primitive industries there were bad a combined capitalization of $77,968,000 and a grass output werth $221 million. Expert trade copsisted almost entirely of lumber, f ish, furs, food and mineral produets. There were less than one bundred miles of railway, and few passable roads. Millions of miles of wil- derness, controlled by the Hudson Bay Company, separated Canada f rom the small British coheny on the Pacific coast, which emained outside the union until a transcontinental railway linking it with the east was promised. Two other colon- ies-Prince Edwamd Island and New- foundland-bad efused ta join. For some years to came, Nova Scotia, which had eritered Cenfederatien grudgihly, con- tinued te tbreaten secession. That was the Canada of 1867. No one doubts today that cbildren now growing tip in Canada will see, in the yeams that lie abead, a Canada whase grewth and prosperity will outstrip the wildest dreams af those who laid the groundwomk in 1867. 'Planned saving pays ofit when bargains, opportunities or ernergencies corne along. SPONSORED DY YOUR BANKI let the Mau of the -, ouse b'oast of bi - awork. With B.H pains, '. somethin £ "boa.tabout. MAS ON & DALE HARDWARE & SPORTING GOODS - ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES 36 KING ST. E. - Bowmanvilllê - PHONE 408 THURSDAY, MAY MSt. 1056 difference la that when govern- who criticize the mistakes made ments go broke the printlng press- by newspapers. es get busy and inflation follows. Consider for a moment if you There ia a tairly high level ofin31-wil .ddyuerharite flation in Canada even now. il..d yuerha ote woman who forgot ta put the tea in the teapot of hot water; the wo- NEWUPAPER MISTAKES man who forgot ta sait the pota- toes or meat; the lawyer who nev- (Kitchener Record) er lost a case because he made some mistake; the clerk who neyer Every once in a while one hears made an error putting up an or- the remark that newspapers mnake der- the doctor who neyer made too many mistakes. Wel, don't a wýrong diagnosîs; a postal em- we ail? ployee who neyer put mail in the Can you imagine that, a news- wrong box; a carpenter who nev- îSaper making errors? Yes, they er sawed a valuable board off at certainly do make errors and, wrong place. or the druggist who heapa of them, and so do peoplenever ... Oh, well, why bother* il 1 I pald off for the Browns 'ne neighbors rernember how sick young Donny was a few months ago, and how worried the Browns were. But they neyer guessed what a serious drain his ilness had been on the faniily purse. Wisely, the Browns had made it a rule to put something into their savings account, week by week, almost from the day they were married. So when they consulted their bank manager, their credit was good. With the help of a smail bank boan, they were able to pay ail their biHo prornptly. Now Donny is healthy again-and so is their bank accoun.