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PAE TWO .I'flW <!AP~ATITAT.Y ~'I'Ar~qiKA?,T ~WM~A7%TVTT.X.V P~W1'AUW~ - ~ ~**** S~=~=S*~ 1I1UI1~UAX, UIJ1UI5I~ft 11*, IvrJU 1!je wa1 0$at 1umu withbwhich la lncorpoeatoed 11' w nmavme Nowa, Tho. Nwcastle. b"euùnt aad Mm OroziaNowa U5 Years ConUinuous Service to the. Town et Bowimnvill.and Durham County AR INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER Memb.r a Audit Bureau et Circulations Asociation $2.50 a Year, strictly lu advance $ 3.00 a Year ln the United States Publhed by THE JAMES PUBLISHING COMPANY Authorized au Second Close Mai Pont 0111e Departm.it. Ottawa. Bowmatnvifle, Ontario GEO. W. JAMES. frox GREATEST BUY IN THE WORLD Among the many regular chores of a newspaper editor is that of plugging worthy projects and institutions. 0f late so many things have become qualified under this heading that the institution of diweeks" has been invented to tell him whose turn cornes next. For instance, we have Arrny Week, Fire Prevention Week, National Health Week and many others. Virtue has its own reward, and since we have a Newspaper Week this month here's a plug for another worthy institu- tion. We quote W. Babson, well-known business and financiai adviser, on a sub- ject dear to our hearts. "Too many readers accept their news- papers as a matter of course. "Newspapers are, however, as impor- tant to their communities as are pnunicipai conveniences and other services. Prob- ably no single item would be missed more from our lives than our local newspaper. "A newspaper is the greatest buy in the world. "Ail newspapers, regardless of size, are highly educational. Unlike other great institutions of learning, however, they are not endowed and must be self-supporting. Naturally, what keeps a paper going is its advertising revenue. Everyone should help on this as a civic duty. "We ail have more of a stake in the *business of advertising than we realize. Our papers not only give us the commun- ity news but the growth of our com- munities depend upon the prosperity of our local newspapers." DOWN RIGHT SELFISHNESS BEHIND PRICE CONTROLS Ail over the country people are meet- ing to pass resolutions, urging the Gov- ernrnent to impose price control at once, but do those who announce this policy really know what they are saying? Farm- ers say that they favour price control be- cause the price of what the farmer pro- duces is not going up as fast as what the price of what he buys. Labour says that it wants price control, because the cost of living has risen so much compared with wages that labour is being oppressed. Consumers want price control because they say that the cost of living is now too high in comparison with their in- cornes. That is everyone is dissatisfie2d with the present condition of prices, but a great many people who are particuiary dissatis- fied are noisily demanding that the present price structure should be frozen. Try this out on the next person who telis you that price control is necessary. Ask hirn if he wants to have ail prices frozen at their present levels. You will find, in every case, that he does not want anything of the kind. What he is dernand- ing is that sorne sort of price control should be put into effect which will give him sornething more for the goods or ser- vices which he has to seil, without increas- ing the price of what is has to buy. T.s-f-that a large job to +nd to thefli amount to which they had been kept f rom rising by price control during the war. Then there started up a verv f oolish corn- petition between each group in the com- mumity. Each tried to see if it couid in- crease its income, without stopping to think that other groups would do the same thing. The result was that prices kept on rismng, and are stili rising. Price control will flot prevent inf la- tion, any more than shaking the mercury in a thermometer down wiil cure fever. AUl that price control does is to conceal the fact tMa inflation is being bottled up, ready to burst loose when price control la taken off. That is exactly what has happened ta us in the I4st ten years. Surely it lu not necessary to go through that exper- iance a£ain WHAT BRITISH LABOUR SAYS British labour may still be Socialist at heart, or at any rate, Socialist enough to vote for a Socialist Government, but Bri- tish Labour does not like Socialism'in ef- fect. A recent Labour Party Conference at Margate spent a lot of its time listening to bitter complaints fromn the rank and file about the way that nationalized in- dustries are run. Delegates said that the industries were top heavy with brass-hats; thatt their pro- duction costs were too high; that their wages were too low; that too much money was going to the capitalists fromn whom the Governrnent stole those industries at less than their market value. In particular, delegates complained that state industries are not even as con- siderate of their employees as were the private owners. Socialists constantly support Comf- munists, in advocating that more and more industries should be nationalized. For some extraordinary reason, despite bitter attacks on Socialist industries in Britain, Herbert Morrîson then placated the crities by prornising to socialize more industries. The peculiar Socialist mentality was shown in the f act that delegates, indignant over how the present Socialist industries are run, cheered this announcement that more industries were to be nationalized. However, it is a long lane that has no turning, and it seems doubtfui whether the delegates who criticized the operations of Socialist industries in Britain are going to be as enthusiastic and successful as they were, in persuading British workers to vote Socialist at the next election. UNIVERSITY HEAD HAS FAITH IN THE YOUTH 0F TO-DAY In his opening address to the staff members and students of the University of Toronto, President Sidney Smith left no room for doubt as to where he stands on the matter when he said: "I must confess that 1 arn sornewhat weary of the repeated utterances of Jere- miahs and Cassandras of an older genera- tion who bemoan the weakening of the fibre of Canadian Youth. Ignorant, irres- ponsible and paganistic are sorne of- the adjectives that are applied to you. You no doubt have already learned that in every succeeding older generation many persons have wailed that youth is not as good as they were when they were young. To the harsh critics of modern youth I sometimes retort that throughout history youth were neyer in the eyes of many of their eiders very promisîng. Baidness, bugles, bifocals and bridges have a tend- ency to produce forgetfulness of' the critics' own juvenile shortcomings. "I recail ciearly that in the dismal thirties rnany persons described the youth of those years as empty-headed and light- hearted. What a lie that was! In World War II, Canadian youth demonstrated that they had robust intellects, stout char- acters, rare capacity for leadership and. singular devotion and courage. Only iast week, I read in- a current issue of a Can- adian periodical a series of indictments of the quality of Canadian "Frosh." With those denunciations of our current crop from Secondary Schools, 1, substantially, disagree. "It is my considered testimony that you are better prepared than we of ah oider generation were. 'You are, at least, as responsive to rich ideas and high ideals as my high school class in 1911 was. Those who criticize schools and colieges are frequently parents who might well re- examine the measure of their discharge in their homes of their educational respon- sibilities." UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE MAKES BUMS 0F SOME MEN "Unemiiloyment Insurance is making bums out of some young men. They would rather take $18 a week in insurance than go where work is availabie." This statement was nat voiced by any reactionary, canservative industniaiist. It is the considered opinion, recently expressed, of a man intimately acquatnted with the operation of aur Unempioyment Insurance Commission, and one who is entirely sympathetic ta the plight of those who are jobless thraugh na fault of their own. He must remain anonymous because he is a senior civil servant. But his views are worthy of study. Far toa many Canadians laok upon jobless insurance funds as money which they, themselves, have saved and, there- fore, money which they have a right to dispose of as they see f it. That, of course, is far from the case. Jobless insurance funds are net the sum total of the savings of ail Canadian workers. If each contributor decided to quit work and draw ail the unemploy- ment insurance ta which he or she is "entitied", the fund would be speedily broke. While there are 585 million dollars in the federai unemployment insurance trea- sury, it is worth noting that ig 1949, a year in which Canadian emplovmerit was at a high, the fund staged a very "close race" between casts and incarne. Unemployment insurance is insur- ance and nothing more. It is intended to caver short term emergencies. It is paid out of funds contributed only one-third by the employee, and the balance by the employer and general tax-paying public. Insurance is only good if it is paid out under sound, business principles. It is net designed, and neyer was, to bonus idieneas. The government is now apparentiy, taking steps to keep future management- labor negotiations on the rails. MR.I/ONES REFUSES 7V LET 0 OFMY$ CANAL'A SAV/NGSBO*XD New Deal -for Local Nunicipalilies In Effective Government, Outlined Dy the Cilizens' Research Institute Throughout all parts of Canada municipal officiais are seriously disturbed by problems of local govemnment financing, states the Citizens Research Institute oI Ca- nada in a recent bncie released ta the press. They are alarmed be- cause the traditional sources of local revenue do not appear to be adequate for the range of services that Squnicipalities and school boards e expçcted to provide. Even if enough money can be found ta balance municipal bud- gets it is considered very doubtful that the present local levies dis- tribute the cost of municipal ser- vices fairly. The chief complaint is that the real property tax is being overloaded and, Iurther, that it is illsuited to some of the charges now being placed upon it. In spite of larger provincial grants, the, expansion of educa- tional, welfare and health under- takings is a source of alarm ta local councils. Nor have they for- gotten the heavy relief costs which drove many Canadian mu- nicipalities into default in the thirties, and they are well aware that as yet there is na guarantee of adequate assistance from se- nior governments for unemploy- ment relief. Since the war, the money wor- ries of Canadian municipalities have been under frequent dis- cussion. Appeals for aid have been dîrected ta the provincial authorities by individual school boürds and councils, and througý,. municipal and educationai associe ations. In addition, a number af important studies have been made of the linancial relations of the province with its municipal- ities. Where We Stand Now The mnost immediate resuit from appeals and investigations has been a substantial increase in the contributions Irom provincial funds towards the cost aI local govennment actîvities. At the be- ginning of the war, the total an- fluai contributions by al fine Provinces amounted only ta same $20 million inciuding payments for direct unempioyment relief. By contrast the total oI provincial contributions in 1946 was over $80 million, rose ta $118 million in 1947 and, by 1948, stood at $135 million. It is apparent also that succeeding years will show even larger total payments. While, in part, the larger grants compen- sate municipalities for the bs af local income taxes, it cannot be said, that the pleas of Canadian municipalities and local school boards have gone unanswered. What, then, are the causes of dissatisîaction at the present time? Finst of ail, it is question- able whether in any province a logical or fully adequate pattern af provincial aid has been put in operation. The basis of grants has flot been stabilized and muni- cipalities are therefore unable ta plan their programs well in 'ad- vance. An exampie af the short- camings in the present situation is Iound in Ontario experience. Recently the general subsidy in this Province, payable on the ba- sis of reai property assessments, was discontinued. The major re- placement has came through large conditional grants for pol- ice and lire services. At the same time, the Government has stated publicly that the moncy is ta be regarded as available for the gencral expenditunes aI the municipality and it has been said specifically that the new grants are intendcd ta help offset the growing costs for health and wcl- fare undertakings. It is an odd way ta approach the question, ta, say the least. Again, conditional grants, which are widcly em- pioyed. have tendcd ta induce heavier expenditures from local funds in order ta, earn the max- imnum provincial payment. The effect has been, indirectly. ta en- courage heavien taxation af real pro perty. With the strong nesistance ta higher property taxes, local mu- nicipalities have aiso feit it neces- sary ta increase other types af local taxation. Business taxes have been revamped ta bring in more funds. sometimes with more of an ey'e ta the overali need for revenue than ta the justice af heavier leviès on this group af taxpayers. Some municipa ities are aiea making use of the sales tax and othen devices largcly be- cause somcwhere additional mo- ney must be found. Cost of Roads The proper method of finiai- iing one oI the most expensive rmunicipal services is ieft unsolv- 1ed. In assuming that local muni- cipalities should pay the full cost of building and maintaîning lo- cal streets, no reference is made to the proper division of responsi- 1bility for roads between the pro- vince and the municipality. In- deed, it is difficult ta sec how a 1hard and fast line can be drawn. Moderr motor traîfic is calling for a steadily increasing propor- tion af hard-surfaced roads and more and more through routes. With a growing volume of truck and bus traffic and greater use of roads by tourists, the main- tenance oI improved roadways is not necéssarily a fair charge on the property owner, either on a Irontage basis or according ta, the value of his holding.- Indeed im- provement of traffic routes may actually reduce the value of real properties along the way. Several alternatives might be considered for Iinancing main, roads. Ail ma- jor thoroughîares, in urban and rural municipalities alike, might be made the financial responsib- ility of the province as the col- lector of gasoline taxes and other motor vehicle revenues. If local authorities-,are asked ta carry out part of the work some formula of grants-in-aid or a sharing af revenues might be adopted. Another plan might be to allow local municipalities to place a 'flat tax on ail motor ve- hicles, with a héavier fee for com- mercial than for pleasure vehi- oies. The question *ho shouid pay for aur roa7ds is one ta which much more attention must be di- rected if a satisfactory scheme la ta be develop-ed. The. Taxpayer Pays In discussing new methods of financing current local govern- ment undertakings the Federa- tion brief seeks to make anc point very strongly. Regardless af the level af government that carrnes the cost there la no way of avaid- ing the bill. The whole expense falls on Canadian taxpayers and if we want expensive services we must pay for them. Improved distribution aI the cost related ta dlean ulnes af nesponsibility for service is the only objective of the briel. Former Premier Paints Word Picture 0f Present Conditions By Hon. E. C. Drury, Former Premier of Ontario, at the Centennial of Essa Town- ship, Simce County. The movie theatres are fult, the churches are empty, Sunday has become a day af hectic and rest- less pleasure-seeking, and wor- ship and rest are forgotten. Divorce in the County, and 1 lear, the cause aI divorce. has grown to alanming proportions. Family tics are loosened, and we are spending enormous sums on child-wclfare, because s0 many parents are neglecting their nat- ural responsibilities. The County jail is .normally Iilled ta double its capacity. Drinking increases, and wamen -beaning the sacrcd name af mothen-drink and get drunk. In the towns, the policy secms ta be ane af restrictions and mon- opoiy-do less, gct mare. We have Wednesday half-holidays, and compuisory shortencd haurc. My barber was recently hauled into police court and Iined. His crime? He opcned his shop a Iew minutes too early, and flot so carly at that. In the towns, we have the eight- hour day and the five-day week. Out on the farms. the wank-week is seventy or eighty heurs. The farmers af Simcoe are second ta none in adopting modemn meth- ada. The farma are thoroughiy mechanized. But farm popula- tion- continues ta decrease. In the towns we have the housing shortagè. but out in the country, back Irom the highways, there are empty bouses and abandoned farms. scores, hundreds of them. and hundncds of others partis- abandoncd. The young men anc stili leaving the farms, but they no longer go into the professions. That is beyond them, the cast, in mancy and effort, taa great. They take jobs instead. le it good? PerhaDs I amn an aid Iogey. liv- ing in the past, hopelcssly out off touch with the modern world. li Toronto Man Sends Thankcs to Hospital Printed below is a letter receiv- ed by the Chairman of the Bow- manville Hospital Board from a Toronto man, thankin.g the local medical profession for a job weil done. We publish. this letter ta give readers an insight into what others think of our Hospital and the'service At renders to the com- munity. Mr. Mel. Dale. Chairman of Hospital Board, Bowmanville, Ontario. Dear Mr. Chairman: I wish to commend to you the Acting Superintendent and Staff of the Bowmanville Memorial Hospitai for their extremely fine treatment of my son, John Fuller, and his frienci Murray Jost, who were injured in an automobile accident the Saturday before Labour Day and were brought to yaur Hospital. In my opinion the services of your Staff at the Hospital, as well as the doctors. Dr. Kith Slemon and his father and others, saved the lives of these two young men, and I cerfainly think you should know the type of individuals you have on your Staff are excep- tionally kind and efficient. Respectfully yours, C. H. R. Fuller, Business Administrator and Sec'y-Treas., Toronto. The gooq man's hope Is laid far -far beyond the sway of tempests. or the furious sweep of mortal desolation.-H. K. White. Man la that peculiar animal who gets a hearty laugh out of the old family album and then looks "n the mirror without s0 much as ia igrin. ProspectiI'e buyer: "*Is this a modern farm bouse.q , Agent: "Certainly-it has five rooms and a path."1 An exciting thought, isn't it? But of comre you know the odds are hopelessly against your being that iucky. In f act you don't expect life to hand yau even a very small fortune on a platter. Or do Vou! *Take oid-age benefits, for instance. Undoubtedly rnany older people really need help. But no over ail security plan is going te provide ail the in- corne you and your faniily wil ever need in the future. Things jugt aren't going to be that rosy. Five million Canadians, among whom you are prab- ably one, want and expect Strong language neyer but- tresses a weak argument. T 1C KET S TO EVERYWHERE Air, Rail or Steamship Consult .JURY& LOVELL Bowmanviiie 15 King St. W. Phone 778 security and independence in their later years. And they are planning for it noiv, in a way that suits their own individual and family needs. These far-sight.ed -men and women are enjoylig more of the good things of life than ever before, and at theRa?" trne protecting their loved ones nwy and building secur- ity for their old-age with lif. insurance. Surely you want ta hnp. build this kind of future se- curity for yourself and your family. Nearly 5 million Cana- dian life insurance policy- holders are doing it nowl1 The LIFE INSURANCE COMPANIES in Canada oeid their Rep.mentatives WORKING FORt NATIONAL PROORESS . BUILDING PURSONAL SECURITY L-650D SEPT. 1950 2,671,540 HORSEPOWER I4ou Y H9dro i&s growing fastu buf In 10 years your Hydro has Increased the power supply to Southern Ontario by 952,940 horsepower, over twice the combined power requirements of the cities of Windsor, London, Hamilton, Peterborough, Kingston and Ottawa . -9. add there will be more power within the next few months. Ontario's growth bas been amazing. Since 1947 the population bas increased by 323,000, over 70,000 new homes have been constructed, approximately 700 new industries have been established and the value of production bas risen an estimated 11/2 billion dollars, 88,541 new rural consumers have been supplied with Hydro and the value of agri- cultural production bas increased by some 400 million dollars ... ail of 'which called for power in greater quantities than at any previous time. BUT-in addition to this tremendous growth, the recent step-up ln industrial activity due to defence rearmament contracts bas brought about a sharp increase in the use of electricity. In the past few weeks the maximum primary demand in Southern Ontario bas been as much as 400,000 horsepower (298,000 kilowatts) higher than a year ago.é i i an increase 5 times greater than the long term average rate of growth. For this reason your Hydro urges everyone to co-operate in the con- servation of electricity. ,cdhwlmAVGID WASTINC ELECTRICITYL.ee, THE HYDRO-ELECTRIC POWUR COMMISSION 0F ONTARIO WIli th.y over strike .11 in your bock yard? hope I arn. But it seems to me the time has corne when we should take stock of oursel'9es, see where we are headed. That is what history is for. "Love thou thy land wîth love far-brought From out the storied past, but used Within the present, and trans- ferred Té future time by power of thought." Those who went pefore us had their faults, but the5r were good men and true. Th-ey left us a noble example, and a good foun- dation on which to build. But what about the superstructure? What are we doing with that? It is time to ask ourselves the question. L) il s :9 'i qMZ CANADIAN -STATF-qMAN. @rMZT'rl2O"A" É'%MMý^"Vql5 'fft l'Ajeth PA« Two-