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re ---------------- RTI : "ESE STRAIN STRAINER FOR CREAM, . ----i | Will Bresk Up Possible Lumps and § Remove Foreign Matter, When cream is ready for churning the churn should be prepared. It should be cleaned thoroughly, rinsed with scalding water, then thoroughly tinsed and chilled with cold water. | _ The butter ladles, paddles, worker "and printer should be treated in the same way, and all but the worker in a pall of cold water until neéded. If that is not done, the but- ter will stick to them. Cream should be poured into the Shara through a strainer to break up | possible lumps and to remove curd : and any fereigh matter that be in it. In order to have the concussion the churn ould be only about one-third full. It too full, the churning period is prolonged and if the cream foams it nearly fills the churn and prevents a In that case it is usual .1y nevessary to remove some of thé freati in order to obtain butter in a feasonable time. Except late in the spring and ear- ly in the summer, when butter has a naturally high color, a small quantity | of butter color ig usually added. In winter the quantity required to pro » Straining Cream Inte Churn, "luce a shade of yellow like the desir wmble June color varfes from about 20 to 35 drops per gallon of cream. #~ The tolor having been added to the cream, the churn may be started at 8 Bpeed to produce tho greatest } concussion, which may be determined ered by The Bound Fm 60 reves | the lutions a minute is t val sped for the common barrel' type 6f churn After a few revolutions. the churn should be stopped; bottom up, and | the cork removed to permit the es i | | ! { { cape of gas. This is repeated two of | three times in the early stages of | churning. At that period cream pro- | duces a very liquid sound and the | glass in the churn is evenly covered | with cream. | When churning is nearly complet- i ed there is a noticeable difference | fn the sound made by the cream, while on the glass in the churn a thick, mushy mass will appear, which | oeeasionally breaks away, leaving the ! glass clear, At this point the butter granules are just forming and the | cream is thick and finely granular, like yellow cornmeal mush, with but- termilk separating sl.ghtly from the tiny granules. The churn should be revolved several times, then stopped and the butter examined in order tof prevent overchurning. When the granules are the size of grains of 4*wheat the churning ig completed. To | deontinue the churning until the but- | ter is-in large masses is a bad prac. tice, because it incorporates quanti ties of buttermilk which cannot be [washed out. Towns Assist Farm Labor. Presperity of the villages, towns, and cities in the agricultural regions is measured largely by the produes tion of the surrounding' farms If there are poor crops, the farm= ers have little money to spend for lelothing, furniture, and other neces- gities. When the crops are good, jmoney flows into the community and h farmer and business man alike benefited. More directly at this time people 'of our towns and cities are interested 4a a larger food production, so thas there may be a big surplus to feed' re 7 1 sufficient labor to plant 'harvest -the crops. Farmers whould be urged to go ahead with their farm work and assured of suf- 'Aicient labor to handle the productw 3 " May Save Seec Wheat. Quanece Bros., of Delhi, says the Simcoe Reformer, wrote the Food Board of Ottawa to get a ruling up- Yow the yarn in circulation to the' icy tat it was illegal to save wheat 2 seed, The answer they received Swas gs follows: . ° + 33 SRK % IS AGEOR a Shee x Ft 7 WN AOR ZINSINS Se 0 AN SHHCIOISISIR XD by El 0 NS Fa uP ny A Xi viv LIA Pr XIX Kt A Vv PN as wv pa ry A vr 4h A 2 'R Timely Admonition 9 thing as this affecting their own dinner table never euters their mind, and it , Th less something is done, in another year, they will not be Ontario, a b Tae OBSERVER. ¢ > \ USS A RA RRR US SKB iS 18 SHOW'S FISH?" fhe Fishermen Do Thely Part In | Winning the War. | Men greet each other on the street | in Eastern Canada with the question, | "How's fish?" Vessels hail each oth- | er at sea with the same salutation: | Whatever road you take through maritime Canada it is a highway of | fish, Eastern fishing does not have | its "on and off" years like the sal- | mon fishing of the west, and stability | { of the cateh--never falling below, | but frequently exceeding the average | --is what, the "governments" and "people" counting on the work that | fish can do in 'loosening up' the food markets of the "allfes,'. must be assured of, One way and another by "stabilis- ing the catch" east and west and by judicious disposition of the overplug here and there, Canada throughout fs this year more than measuring up to standard in her output of fish. Gloucester schooners laying "oft #ind on" the little outports of Nova Scotia, Cape Breton and Quebec are sable to buy up their cargoes of "green fish" for American market as usual. Their decks awash, these daredevil, fleet-winged schooners arc beating into port, all sails adrawing, on the minute, with the "freight" seven days out from Vancouver io Boston, chock-a-block with its boxes of frozen halibut. Fhis is the first time in the history of railroads that the express is side-tracked to let the freight pass, and this {s the first time since codfish practically saved the life of the early New England eolonies that fish has downed all other com- petitors in the food line, and come | PEOPLE OF ONTARIO are rtustoned to acs cept their food much the same as they breathe the air They read isolated items about food shortage; but such a . 4 . . . to bring homie to its readers a realization of the facts, as un- reading about the hunger in Belgium but the hunger in = The following should be memorized by every reader of Under the Presidency of Mr. J: W. Woods, a Confer- ence of all interested in food production was held in To- ronto on Monday, May 7. into its act on 8 Ps-our: Bs ; come, fish is mental. B at the same time fish could not have done the work it is doing to-day, in going to the trenches itself and in springing to the assistance of the home table, freeing the tons of beef ft bas freed, had It not beem for Canada. and line regions, 'Fish against beef," has now come into a world-wide sig- nificance -- a significance 'that has come to stay, but ome that neyer could have come about had it not been for "King Cod" and those "Vik= fishermen: a The old Tocal slogan of the hook-, ings 'of the North," the Canadian is the responsibility of The Observer anada's Butter hol Cll ELIE BE a. TYVE NET EXPORTS : © AS AY: NLT TE % ho BNI NET EXPORTS PTE ane ELLE hy v [ESTABLISHED 1887] rf Bh culation, hence tising medium. FHE OBSERVER OFFICE IS | SUPERIOR' PRINTING