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e cultivated rather oftener. tha we wold have had there been noth. ing on the 1and but the SA nt of "* Housing affécts the fowls in many ways. + Without proper housing suc- cess can not be secured, even though feeding and all other conditions ate as . they should be. Housing affects the = comfort and health of the fowls and unless it supplies the conditions that ~make for-good health and the material comfort of the flock, it is not of the most useful kind, ~ : A poultry house must be warm en- ough ko that it will protect the flock {rom the coldest weather in the local- ie ny where the houseis used. In warm wy parts of the country where the tem- seldom gets down much be- , a gingle-hoard house is cient. © Where the temperature goes to zerd, walls must be thicker * "and where it goes down to twenty be- low zero, or . thereabouts, it is plain _ that the house must be of rather warm construction or the cold will affect the fowls so as to decrease from their SHE bry ty Not in. a long time have dairymen been called upon to use products of such uncertain food value as they have this year. The extreme lateness of the growing and ripening season left farmers last fall with large quantities of inférior grain and fodder which they have to feed on their farms or allow it Io go to waste. High prices ' tended to encourage the sale of ut merchantable products: hs J ae. er depleting dairyman's su; es of standard feeling stuffs. ~*~ As a result of this condition, the feeder of dairy cows must exercise ad- iid mulch is raked off in the spring fertilize with five hundred pounds of | for: sharp tools and enable the operator of a use Ta the cut Some 4 t into a emoved and a rt time. With tool of this kind it is possible to the | work : ' | everyday, Wash your face well with uld impdssible to use a wide blade without, scraping the bark on the adjoining limb where no cut should be made. A saw of this kind enables the orchardist 8 NE The trouble with your com- plexion may be the resulf of constipa- tion, and very probably your diet is at fault. | Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables, drink water only anr plenty of it, sleep with windows wide open, and walk or ride out of doors Rose a good seap and warm water at night, rinsing it first with warm and then with cold water, and doubtless the , pimples and blackheads took | to have plenty of sharp blades on hand, disappear. Write again. be expected to argue with the | ss over the quality of the saws and. {shears that the boss.owns, ' high-grade f zer. ~ We expect next year to go a step farther and sow dwarf peas between the fruiting rows and plow up_the whole thing for whatever crop the sea- | son will let us raise fin the summer and fall. We hope to be able to put in potatoes if the peas and berries are | off by July 1. usefulness by too greatly lowering their bodily heat and energy. a when the sun shines, and cold at night. During the day the fowls are on the floor scratching for grain in a litter, and exercising more or less of the time, inactive and they wear no more clothés or plumage than during the day. Therefore, if the house is so construct- ed and ventilated that the midday sun runs the heat to a point above freez- ing or higher, and at night the house 'cools down to a temperature of below freezing or 'perhaps below zero, the 'birds are overheated during the day and chilled in the night, Such ex- treme conditions result in coldg and these colds often develop "into roup. In addition, such conditions cut down it is not profitable and subtract so much-from the strength and vitality of the fowls that they do not give good gervice as breeders in the following spring, oot is made a more difficult and unsatis- factory job, However, this is the In the absence -of exact chemical inferior grains, the feeder must take and watching." The cow's health afd her perf at the pail are the feeder's best guide when dealing with this class of feeds. Even when us- ing grains and roughage of standard quality, where the most scientific | methods are employed in parcelling out to the animals, the feeder must make th: animal the court of last re- sort in deciding the value of the ra- tion. With a large number of - 1 ~"A house must be so ventilated that] it will not be warm during the day At night, on the roost, they are, the egg production to a degree where P® problem before many dairymen this ! analyses of\this immature fodder and | recourse to the old method of "feeding. men this winter, however, they ditional precaution to keep the i health and pro ! be obliged to look to the animal almost entirely in compounding the food ra- tions. This naturally will require more skill and caréful attention than peded where the scales and tables eliminate most of the chance in gofhg kept with profit on some of the old, wornout farms where the owners have off and graim The weeds down and 7. for the highest interests of at.| institations, = Eve Be] ch _28. Keep Saws Oiled -_ The first item in the pruning equip-! ment sharp_so they will bite into the wood ick- | of the joints i ing shears, as this: and make the eut smoothly and quie f the jolnis in prupg aueats, 88 a8) are packed securcly in boxes nfuch ex- | thing the stay-at-home can do is oO penditure will be saved in again fill-| save and economize. ly. - At least one man in the gang should be able to file a saw. He ools in good condition for the remain- 'der of the workers. | The quality of shears is important land there is much difference between a pair of pruning shears with a good edge and strong springs, and the dull, edged shears which stick and tear the branches instead of neatly snipping' them from the tree. The double-cut pruriing shears which cut the branch r-- INTERNATIONAL LESSON FEBRUARY 3. | Lesson V. Jesus Lord of the Sabbath | --Mark 2. 13 to 3. 6. Golden Text, Mark 2. 28. Verse 23. Grainfields--"The sown lands." Not breaking a path through the standing grain, but following the th through the fields, as one does in Palestine to-day. 24. Pharisees said--Mark's second' to make provision; al loye can » ey | When beginning the work and there sare no delays for sharpening tools, : Keep Tools Sharp The care of pruning saws and shears important. If they are allowed to become wet they will soon rust and deteriorate in-value. It pays to rub the tools thoroughly with an oiled cloth and this film of oil will keep the moisture away from the metal and prevent rust. © When storing the tools should be files-for keeping saws they should always be protected in this manner. It also pays to oil all will make them work more easily. The l'emall hand shears which work with! e : ye 1 i should be responsible for keeping the!a coiled spring should have the spring "8 the cellar with canned fruits and, thing! protected from rust and dirt by fre- quent cleaning and oiling. ' These small hand shears frequently become out of repair. The springs break or slip loose during a busy time in the The New Broom:--Your hint about the containers is very timely. In view of the fact that next season many housewives will avail themselves of | the-ganning products of the "war gar- 'dens" it is "good business" to over- haul the empty containers at this time with their rubber -and other attach- 'ments and get them in readiness for nex: summer's canning. Glass cans should be. thoroughly cleansed after their contentsshmve been removed and will gradually | - some.cases at b o'clock in | ahd waiting, perhaps with 8,000 women, for their supplies of tea, but- ter and margarine? mel that the situation in England is nearly as aggravated as it is France, Belgium and Serbia. 3% The food situation is becoming incr 3 ly grave and the Food C -- 1 emphatic that every person who can ™ possibly produce food must do so, no matter how small his or her tion may be. Those who cannot pro- duce food can at least conserve it. The utmost economy is imperative. situation is critical and the world is rapidly approaching that condition when price will not be the most im- portant question. It is obvious from your letter that you live on the farm and, therefore, you are in a position to do work of inestimable value. You can not only economize but - you can produce, Why don't you take a young porker under your wing? You would be really and practically help- their rubber bands should also receive | ing the Allies in doing this. ! careful atténtion, If the conta'ners | vegetables. , i * Curious:--Mos: decidedly, buy your cereals in bulk. While it may cost more at the time it is goruine e :onomy to do this. For one thing in buying | orchard and cause no end of wasted the Small package you are paying for, time. When the qrchardist is em-' cardboard, decorations and frequently ploying several men to prune, it cer-' for premiums. - When you buy inj tainly pays to have additional pruning bulk you are getting full value for, 'equipment on hand for an emergency. your money. Are you aware that the | Food Controller has passed regula- do a beneficent work on the Sabbath, tions which provide that the cereals Held their peace--This is peculiar to shall not be sold without a license in Mark. Evidently they could say no-' packages of less than twenty pounds? thing to his challenge for he was real- This is going to make a good deal of Iy backed by Sheit Sraditiond] law. difference to the consumer. He is . Looked round abou n expres- going to get better value for his sion used several times, by Mark, in-' ie At the same time the Food a ne er ng Zlante around Controller will be able to curb the use Not evil passion in this glance but a of wheat in the manufacture of righteous indignation which is perfect-| cereals, wherever he 'deems it to be ly consistent with holy character, To necessary. Already a number of be angry and sin not is the New Testa- manufacturers Lave signified their in- ment standard (Eph. 4. 26). Stretch tention of using corn and other sub- forth thy hand--The healing is im- stitutes for wheat in their breakfast mediate, without contact with the suf-' goods. | ferer. . | A Country Cousin:--It is strange 0. TTT. | that you should feel that it is a When Dad Got His Car. | sacrifice to give up certain things to I'll tell you about last winter. I eat at this time. There is no question needed an automobile very badly. My | of sacrifice. It is straight duty. Do mentioy of this leading religious sect, whose name, "Pharisee," "the separat- | ed," indicates their aloofness from the | masses, They were known by their; peculiar garb and their ostentatious piety, so roundly scored by the Mas- ter. prominent element in the Lereed of the Pharisee was his Sabbath law. How could Jesus and his _dis- | ciples be religious leaders for, the Jews {if they violated the "Sabbath? On the sabbath day that which is not law- ful--Not unlawful in itself, but unlaw- ful on the Sabbath. Reaping on the Sabbath was forbidden (Exod. 34. 21); but. Jewish® rabbis had decided that even picking a few heads of wheat and rubbing them out in the palms was reaping, hence, the offence of the dis- ciples. 26. Did ye mever read--He refers them to their own Risto for a glimpse of the larger meaning of the abbath. ~ Under stress of emergency that may be done which at other times might be condemned as sacrilege. He enunciates a principle which the world has been slow to recognize, that the in- dividual man is greater than any in- stitution; than men are not to be sderificed to bolster up institutions; that rigid restrictions must give place to the higher requirements of neces- sity and mercy. . House of God--The "tent of i meeting" at Nob (1 Sam. 22. 19), a locality in the northeast of Jerusalem. The showbread--The law of the show- bread is found in Lev. 24 5-9. It consisted of twelve new-baked loaves pla every Sabbath on a table in| 0 rows of six, sprinkled wth incense and left for the week. , 27. The sabbath .was made for man, 'not man for the sabbath--The Sabbath is vastly more than the punctilious observance of injunctions; rather is it man in every,respect. ~ He places man above % state and ought to serve to bring the in- is lord even of Ydo what he th--H on the ease to do name is Smart, and 1 fully intended you know that your cousins in Eng- to live up to that name--or bust! I land are joining the food queues in informed my wife I purposed to pur- chase & car. "Don't go in debt for| it," she said. "I certainly don't in- tend to," I answered. "What's the idea?" neighbor Twiler inquired next day. I was chopping firewood in a blinding snowstorm. "To buy a touring car," I replied. " Pooh-pooh!" he laughed. "11 The Doll Slackers. always thought you were foolish, | Tillie and Tommy were the best and now I'm sure of it!" However,' dolls that ever lived, until a few ad no more effect on me! months ago. They did exactly as than pouring water on a tin roof. I| their little mother Murian wanted said nothing and sawed wood. I put' them to do. They kept their clothes up two cords of black oakwood per: peat and tidy, and were as contented day. Neighbor Twiler and others sat and happy as dollies should be. near the stove at the village store and | That was before little mother Ma- discussed the war and ways and means sian began to neglect her dolls. She to run the government. | would let them lie all day long in their Day by day my firewood mounted jittle doll house, and she would sit up. I had set my limit at 150 cords. hour after hour working with two People said 4 was entering upon my | jong white needles and a ball of gray second childhood. I said nothing, but! yarn, sawed wood. So Tillie and Tommy made up their criticism hi: the | last ten cords of "| oak tree that should make at least "Do Jou. Want bills or gold, Mr. At night the children would help me rick up the wood; then after supper we'd sit around the parlor stove and comment on the journeys we'd have "when dad- got his car." "Heard you were getting a car," neighbor Twiler's eldest son laughed at my son Frank. "We intend to get one. Dad and I are getting wood. for it now," Krank replied. 'Frank skidded most of that wood over to the barn on Saturdays and in the evening. It was indeed comfort- ing to hear him say, as he finished hauling a load of wood and corded it up: "Three dollars more toward our automobile!" He had that car all fi out in dollars and cents a hun- dred times. Each cord of firewood would purchase some part of it. I have tackled some jobs in my life- time, but no time in my life have I ever-had a job loom up so large as the at firewood. But the next day I received encouragement from an une: quarter. I had been "sizing" up a whale of a black eight cords of wood. I secured eleven gallons of honey, four coons, and nine cords of wood from that tree! "this." He handed mea paper. Bt Ee ar oy minds to run away. They dressed up | in their very best winter clothes, and | started to the door. Suddenly they | heard Winnie, the little girl next door, | say: | "Why, Marian, what are you knit- | ting? Leave that tiresome work and | let's play with our dolls." | "I'm making a warm muffler for a soldier," said Marian. "Mother says if I don't do my part to help the sol diers that I will be a slacker." "What is a slacker?" asked Winnie. "It's a man who is afraid to be a soldier or a" person who shirks his duty in wartime, Mother says," said Marian. _ Tillie and Tommy looked at each other, and then they said, both togeth- er and almost in tears: "We are slackers." They ran back to the doll house as fast as their stiff little joints would let them. They knew that their duty 'was to be as good as gold and not cause their little mother Marian any 1! trouble, so that she could knit many warm mufflers for the brave soldiers across the sea. ; An hour later Marian came in and said: "I've finished my muffler, and you have been such good dollies that I'm jgoing to 'take you for a 16ng walk." > 3 How glad they were that they had mot run away! Rei * Catching the Sly Rat. _ Although it does not seem to be gen- erally known, rats are wary creatures, and all sorts of camouflage must he resorted to if they are to be trapped{ successfully, says a successful farmer. | Stay-at-Home:--The most useful Watch every Guard against waste in the kitchen and on the table. Be on the look-out for waste in cellar and din- ing-room. As much food is wasted in the eating as in the cooking. Waste is one of the greatest of crimes. It is a sin against the men who are fight- ing for Canada overseas. It is hamp- ering the Allies in their efforts. Itis undoing the work of the farmers of Canada who are producing the much needed supplies. 'Teach the children to clean their plates. Remember that the slice of bread, the half cup of milk, the morsel of butter that is left over, when considered in the aggregate, re- present the wastage of millions of pounds' worth of good foodstuff. Then save! If you have a garden set about making plans to grow potatoes, peas, beans and other vegetables. Never mind about flowers now. Grow something to eat. Keep chickens and pigs. Make butter and cheese. There are a hundred useful things that you, on the farm, can do. Jean: --If you want a new rice dish that everyone will like, here you are: 3 ounces of unpolished rice, 1% pints of water or water and milk, 2 ounces of dates, % teaspoon mixed spice. Cook rice in milk and water until soft, and add chopped dates. Put into mould. Allow it to cool, and turn out. On each of two successive nights 1 caught a rat in a steel trap and, al- though the trap was hidden in various ways, still the other rats continued their depredations and avoided cap- ture. In order to use the steel trap inside the poultry house with no danger of catching the chickens, 1 use a wooden box of convenient size, with the top and one side removed. The trap is set in front of the rat-hole, the box is then turned bottom up over the trap and hole, with the open side against the wall, admitting the rat and exclud- ing the chicken. a Mother's Little Bit, "Do your bit! Do your bit? is all I hear 'em say. "Do your bit, do your bit, morning, night and day!" So ladies fine give up their time, their money an' their play; An' merchant kings clip their wings -- give Tommy right of way. But here I sit--don't even knit patch an' cook an' darn. Count the pence I strive to stretch-- can't even buy some yarn. Each kiddie has a Victory bond ---an' how I scrimped to pay! An' make good soup from out o' stuff mos' folks 'd throw away. . just I try to bring a little cheer, « tiny ray of joy To neighbor friend across the way who's lost her only hoy. An' not a night that closes when the kiddies start to pray, But "Don't forget our boys in France) I whisperingly say. An' so it makes me kind o' blue to hear 'em always say, "Do your bit, do your bit, morning, night and day!' For think an' plan ah' figure in ne. matter how I may, It's such a tiny bit of bit that seems my only way. : But somehow now an' then it comforts me to think That maybe the Recording Angel ing"at the brink m wait- Will nod a welcoming to those who who didn't duty shirk; An' in the final reckonin' make up k The Book to show That all the little bits of bits when : added up together : Have made a big, big, big bit an' a fit. tle extra measure! : ~Anna Wall Edwards. ne op eA