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* i Lo hiief mourner's presence; we did not Crew of Eight Planned Several years ago, in company with "Theodore E. Ferrie, New York naval architect, Captain Bartlett worked, out the retails of a vessel particular- ly adapted to this circumnavigation; the top of the world. Roughly it] d be shaped like a saucer, so that the ice would only lift it rather than crush it to pieces. The crew would be composed of eight members, all with college train- ing, who would combine the work of seamen with the meteorological and other research. The vessel would be taken as far north as Nome by a re- gular crew and then turned over 'to the group of natural scientists, The scheme calls for cruising north of the - Bering Strait and finally .entering the polar current; which, it is believed, would swing them on an almost com- plete circle of the arctic basin, their rear -- Py Paid Mourners Stimulate Wails "Equipment 1 for. Charting ° The circum-polar journey 'would af- ford the longest opportunity yet af- i ed for charting the storms which means of radio, to which Captain Bartlett would afford a new opportunity for co-ordination of research.. In addition to radio equipment, the expedition would carry ome or two airplanes 'which could be used for ob- servation work to supplement the ac- tivities of the group on shipboard, ac- cording to Captain Bartlett's outline Bases for aviation work could be es- tablished on the ice, he believes. The drift of the vessel, if it fol- lows the charted course, would trav- erse regions in the arctic which ¢x- plorers have never seen and in which, Captain Bartlett holds, there is the possibility that land might be discov- ered. The finding of islands in the polar region might prove of great use in the establishment of bases for transpolar. airplane. service, which would afford shorter routes between Europe and Asgia---Christian Science Monitor, rhythm to her own words. In her fd other hand she held an open notebook in which was scribbled: the doggerel lament, to each recited line of which the assembled women shouted "Ha!" + In Bagdad Rites Professicnals Skilled in Art of Exciting Tears Hired for ( Moslem Ceremonial Observer Tells of Scene After Old Man's Death A great man had died at a good old age in Bagdad. The news had gone forth, not only to his own people, but to Moslems in India, Afghanistan and other countries, for he bore a name which Islam reveres. On the fourth of mourning, writes a "London es" correspondent, knowing that perhaps never again would I see a death lamentation in the grand man- ner, I went to pay a ceremonial visit of mpndolence to the harem. The courtyard was full of women, some sitting in double dnd treble rows upon the paving under the arches and some standing while slaves and serv- ants moved about with cigarettes, coffee and waterpipes. All wore the black, sweeping habiliments of the orthodox Moslem, and there was no perceptible difference between the slaves, - freod-women, guests, and women of the family. We were con- veyed by a tall, nun-like dependent to an upper chamber to pay our respects to the chief mourner, the dead patriarch's young wife. Within the room there were no carpets or decor- ations, only chairs, matting, and covers of white cotton on the divans. The lady came in, her face immovable and sad, and we uttered the set con- dolences: "We grieve with you! What remains be added to thy life!" meaning: "The years that should be his be added to your life!" . Coffee and cigarettes were brought, but 'the widow did not drink or smoke. She might well be mournful, for her husband, well over ninety, had left Ch children by other wives, and er A co r the Test, most would. have to fight for their are. 'of the property, for, though the ole family had joined in the mourn- , the intrigues which follow the th of any big man had begun al- dy. : Leaders of Mourning Hired uddenly, the murmur increased. ere was the grief of sry. shrill, poign- t and thrilling, the rhythmic chant the 'addada, and then a wonderful und of breast-beating, which fin- sed in volume as the excitement ew. We listened, lingering in the to go outside until 2 BOTTOW should h SFMT OF the tt last day of the w k of mourning. | '| cross-legged on flat, white cushions or "Hau!" standing about her in a | circle, swaying their bodies forward to the rhythm of the chant, and bring- ing their hands down flat on their breasts. To the centre, near the | 'adda'a, stood the daughters-in-law of "the dead man, their loosened hair flow!ng in waving masses down below the waist. Two or three of them have beautiful golden hair. Another near relative ha dunbound her gray tresses, which flew in confusion. The younger women were vigorous in their grief; they looked a strange comblpation of Maenad and Magdalene. They jerked their bodies forward with a rhyth- mical; vielént movement. Women in Chant "The steed 1s bridled with silver; he stands at the gate," chanted the 'ad- dada. "Hau! Hau!" went the women. "His master cannot mount him; in vain he must wait!" "Hau!"Hau!" "In the halls of the church distract- ed men stand." = "Hau! Hau!" "The leader. has perished, bereft is the land!" "Hau! Hau!" So it went on, a crescendo of poign- ant allusion to the dead man. Tears ran down many faces, and from time to time above the regular thud of the breast-beating and choyus of exclama- tion there rose the igh, Quayering note of the grief cry. On the outskirts of the keening multitude, in the doorways, and above in the gallery, other black-clad, hood- le-crow women stood, Some patted their chests gently with one hand to show sympathy with the wild crowd below, but were not actually of it. On the gallery, at one corner, several women had deposited their babies while they were keening. A very new baby was tightly swadded like a mummy from neck to foot. It was the future head of the family, for its father, a man of more than sity, who had just been presented this infant son by a young wife, was to step into the dead man's shoes. ~ Downstairs in another room more mourners, some thirty-two women, sat laid along the walls, A few were smoking hubble-bubble pipes, or cigar- ettes, others sat in stricken silence, some with tears stealing down their faces. There was no talking, the very greetings were dumb. "How," I asked a native woman, "will the mourning be ended?" She replied that it ended on the seventh day by the eating of a meal. But a little while ago the mourning was "broken" by bringing a horse into he took fy ob sword and went into the middle of the circle. e 'addada are women hired od Se all this p out of the arctic region. The| i would be in constant com: | tt "munication with civilization by of the possibilities of the expedition.{ urning him around Elorn. HUGE SPAN FLOATED TO POSITION Huge span for a mile-long bridge under construction in France, being floated to its position across the River Tie bridge will link Brest with Plougastel | serious friction between the Jews and | Field Marshal Says War Not Due To the Soldiers Sir William Rolain Speaks His Mind on the Civil Ministers' Sole Re- { sponsibility "Fleld-Marshal Sir William Robert. son, who was making his efirst ap- pearance on a League platform, de- Jivered a remarkable speech on the cost of war and its futility," reports the Manchester Guardian. . * » . *- "The principle of civil Ministerial control," he said in one striking sen- tence, "in time of war applies equally to the control of. armaments in time of peace. Naval and military consid- erations undoubtedly have their im- portance. . . but the question ultimately to be decided is essentially one of national policy, and that, of course, can only be laid down by the Civil Ministers of the Crown and on their own responsibility. ~ "In this country we are still spend- ing on our armed forces about £116, 000,000 a year, or nearly double the amount spent before the war; and although the value of money has meantime depreciated the strength of the forces maintained has also de- creased. The world will never know precisely what it had to pay for the last war. < Cost of the Great War "Taking all the belligerents into account, the direct money outlay seems to have been nearly £40,000, 000,000, while the indirect cost, such as destruction of property, loss of shipping, loss to agriculture and in- dustry, decrease of birth-rate, and race deterioration may be guessed at £30,000,000,000, or some £70,000,000,- 000 in all. The loss of life was about 10,000,000, which is double that caused by all the wars of the preceding 120 years, including the wars of the Napo- leonic period. Besides the killed, there were probably not less than 20,000,000 wounded. "The record is an appalling one, and it is intensified by the fact that 800,000 of the 1,000,000 'deaths were caused by wounds rhcelved in action, whereas, in the earlier wars by far the greater number of deaths was caused by disease. "Should another great war occur the loss of life and waste of wealth will exceed by many times the ex- periences of 1914-18, while the horrors 'which may be suffered by the civil population from air attacks, combined > with the use of new chemical sub: stances, seem to be almost limitless. "Ever since 1918 the next great war-has constantly been talked about las though .it must necessarily come and nothing could prevent it. cand [Italy still consider the mainte- nance of large armies to be a national | Russia also continues to: necessity. keep up powerful military forces. Germany is fretting at what she con- | siders to be her. defenceless position, 'and other Central European nations are strongly armed and are at dag-, gers drawn. "America, influenced by imperialis- tic tendencies, apparently means, whatever happens, to go on increasing her navy, and her official utterances on the question of armaments not in- frequently bear a close resemblance to those claims that we were accus- tomed to hear made by Germany previous to the tragedy of 1914- 1918. | America may be fully entitled to take her own course, without care or | thought for the interests and opinions ot other States, but it is nevertheless disquieting to reflect that' she cannot League of Nations or to ths Kelloggs Pact or she would not be 30 anxious about her naval position, "Progress towards disarmament must necessarily be slow, because each Power ha sits own special strate- gical and political conditions pnd naturally asks for them to be given special consideration, "We ourselves fall very definitely within this class, for our conditions have no parallel in the world. ur Empire is scattered about all over the face of the globe, its widely separated parts being connected not by roads or railways, as in the ¢ase of most other Powers, but by the sea; and if these sea communicatiopy were seriously interrupted the Empire might fall to pleces and Great Britain might starve. Obviously, therefore, they are as es- sential to our national and imperial existence as are land communications to the peoples of Europe and America, and consequently they must at all times be adequately safeguarded. "It must not be inferred from these | remarks that I regard the limitation of armaments as heing solely, or even { mainly, a matter for naval and mili- tary experts. "Modern wars, involving as they do the employment of all the resources that can be made available--military, naval, diplomatic, finaticial, fndustril --are much more. political in charac- ter, both as to conception and execu- tion, than they used to be, Inciden- tally, I may observe that this radical change was recognized and acted upon by the British a apthorities at a com- paratively early'period of the Great France | attach much importance either to the War, whereas the Central Powers more or less ignored it until late in| 1918, and thereby added greatly to! their -diffieultics of management." The Counting of Aeroplanes After the sentence given above, Sir | William Robertson proceeded: "Final- ly, real progress in the limitation of armaments will not, I suggest, ever be materially assisted by mathematical calculations regarding the different classes of armaments, or by the count- | "ing of heads, ships and aeroplanes. Such comparisons are of little practi- jcal value, and lend themselves to in-| | numerable misunderstandings and subterfuges. ' i "For example, military effec tives of one country may be more | numerous than those of another, while the latter may be much more effi- clently armed. Russia had millions of men on her mobilization boeks in 1914 but owing to shortage of rifles, guns and ammunition, could not put more than a tithe of them into the field. Or one country may be much hétter the (equipping new armies, or for building her ships and aerpplanes. "The question ealls for treatment of quite a different kind. A long and bitter expertence shows that lasting peace will never be ensured either by a preponderance of force or by a balance of power, and it certainly cannot be securely established on a founflation of jealousy and hatred. Only by the infusion of a more gener- ous, frank and trustful spirit into the conduct of international affairs will the world be saved from drifting into another war. War and Human Nature "The assertion often heard that war has always existed and always will so long as human nature remains what it is should be rejected. The same state- ment was probably just as often made '| centuries ago when tribal warfare was the fashion, and later when England and Scotland were inveterate enemies, and it may now be regarded as being out of date to a very much wider extent, "No doubt the object in view will take a long time to achieve, and it may be attended by many features. But, given unfaltering faith on the part of all men of goodwill, we are surely justified In believing that j eventually it will prove possible to | devise some more sensible and useful (way of composing-international differ ences than the futile and disastrous policy employed in the past." -- en The matrimonial game these days Is not much as a sport; The time is rather sport between The courtship and the court. A Daily Lesson There--A Winter Sport Here situated than another for raising and | J view of the: recent disturbances | in Jerusalem over the Walling Wall the following facts offered by a corre- spondent to The Dally Telegraph are of special interest: "There is probably no single piece of masonry held in greater reveren and more closely woven into national sentiment than the 'Watling Wall' at! Jerusalem, which has recently caused the Moslems," writes a correspondent in The Dally Telegraph. a "This sacred masonry is character- {atic of the age which raised pyramids and yast temples. It is built of great rough blocks of stone, and is still in its primitive condition to a height of about 40 feet, the courses above that: level being of more recent date. The foundations are sald to be at a depth of 60 feet. . "It forms one side of rather narrow passage some fifty yards long, and! roughly paved, it is sald, by a leading Jew not more than halt a century ago.' The property is Moslem, and the offi-! clal attitude appears to be that the Jewish sanctity attaches only to the lower courses, which, though still solid | and substantial, are much eroded by time and weather. Some of these lower blocks are embossed with Hebrew characters, "To this alley Jews of all classes | and countries have betaken them- selves for a thousand years to bewail the loss of Solomon's Temple, and! pray for the restoration of their | anclent glories. Some do this stand-' ing with their faces close to the wall, others whilst seated on the ground! against the opposite wall. 1 "For the place that lies desolate, ] We sit in solitude and mourn, For our majesty that has departed We sit in solitude and mourn. For our great men who lle dead, We sit In solitude and mourn. | "uso for hour after hour gocs on the | long, sad litany. | "September (Tisrl) is the most im- portant month in the Jewish ecclesias- | tieal ealendar, for on the: 24th occurs {the day of Atonement; Sabbath of Sabbaths, when the My ting Place" | attracts most pilgrims. On that day this year, in accordance with the re- quirements of orthodox Judaism, the worshippers erected a wooden parti: tion to separate the men from the women, and it was the forcible re- | moval of this ipnovation that led to] | disturbances." It is this September trouble that still awaits a friendly solution. ~-- ap ime. . Our Daily Walk "Many a man says to his wife in the evening: "I don't see what made you tired--yon haven't been outside the gate today, have you?" writes "D, B." in The Manchester Guardian. "It is not generally realized what a quantity of walking is involved in the ordinary routine of housework or many an occupation not generally thought of as active. A number of experiments with pedometers (little watchlike machines worn on the ankle to keep automatic record of the number of steps taken) have been made in the United States to see how | far some of us actually do walk in the | course of our usual day's work. "The manager of a shop was found to walk 6% miles a day. The guard of a long-distance train walked five miles a day, to and fro along the cor- ridors, examining tickets after each stop. "A house surgeon in a big hospital found that he covered elght miles some days. "A busy day's shopping entailed anywhere between eight and eleven miles' trudge. "The average schoolgirl covered 1134 miles a day, and the average hoy slightly more. . "The head walter of a restaurant knew that he had i keep liyel showing people to tables ah oy vising the smooth running of the ser- vice, but he did not suspect that his work entailed walking 1214 miles a day. "Tests on a golf course showed that 81% miles was walked in the course of a round. "A commercial traveller found that he was walking 85 miles a week. A girl in a business office walked 57 miles weekly, Including the journey afoot every day to and from her office. "Looking after an office lift is not thought of as an energetic occupation, but one attendant found that what with passing in and out of his lift to shepherd his little flocks of passengers | and taking letters and messages along the corridors to various offices he was walking more than five miles a day." i 2 Uncle Bob, the little boy's favor- ite uncle, was going to be married on the following Sunday, and the boy was asking his. mother some quéstion about the wedding: = "Mother," he said, "the last three days they give them anything they want to eat, don't they [i 3 meeps The pretty restaurant cashier had ) for a holiday. "I must re- cuperate," she said. "My beauty Is fade." " « | relationship What is belleved by the Londom 'press to be the conception of the Chancellor of the Exchequer of the breach between Great Britain and Russia and how it may be healed was expounded recently In a speech at Peterhead, England, by R. J. G. Bootiby, Private Parliamentary Seo- retary to Winston Churchill. Mr. Boothbf, after declaring that It was | foolish to wait for the collapse of the Soviet Government, said that whatever might be the interual af- ! fairs of Russia was no concern of the British Government, and continued: "But whatever the situation may be at the moment, two tremendous facts stand out: the first Is that the new | Russia has now to be regarded as a permanent factor in the post-war | world; the second that Russia is | potentially one of the richest coun- tries in the world, and offers a vast | field for Industrial expansion. An | Immense amount of reconstruction | has got'to be done there some time or other and 1, for one, hope tat | this wil be carried out sooner rather than later, and that we shall ba able to take a part in it "There 18 a movement at the pres- jent time In the city and among our industrialists in the direction of a re- sumption of economle relations with | Russia. This 1s more than interest, ing. The Soviet Government knows-- or ought to know that, provided ade- | quate guarantees and undertakings are given a large amount of credit is available for its use in the City of London, The first step, therefore, lies with them. They have glven no sign. They must make a gesture. We have a right 10 ask for assurances with regard to (1) their willingness to resume relations, (2) propaganda, and (3) debts. "Their next step lies with our finan- clers and industrialists. I wish that some of them would visit Moscow. They must be the pioneers upon our sade, as thelr fathers and gra fathers who developed British i] trade In the past were pioneeis; for the moundation of any satistactory between Great Britain and Russia must be an economic one. (If these things were to happen, then I believe the forces working for a resumption of relations between the two countries would increase on both sides. "I eannct see how any sensible per- son can contemplate with equanimity and indefinite breach between Great Britain and the Union of Soviet Soclalist Republics, carrying with fit an indefinite delay in the economic recovery and the disarmament of the Old World. "In conclusion, I think that no one in this audience to-night will seri- ously dispute the fact that, after tem year of ceaseless effort, communism as a system to-day is as far from suo- cess as ever it was. The melancholy position both of industry and of agri- culture, the unemployment and the low standard of life which prevails in Russia to-day, afford striking proof-- if were needed -of the disastrous re- sults which attend a widespread ap- plication of socialism in the economic uphere. Nevertheless, 1 repeat that the internal position in Russia is no concern of ours, 1 trust and believe that we shall profit by their sombre experience and successfully avoid some at least of the dangerous and tragic roads that they have trod, roads upon which quite sincere people in this country would have us set out with high hopes, and which in fact lead only to disaster. But {f and when questions of credit arise, it wiii. be for our financlers and Industrial {sts to verify the facts of the situa- tion for themselves. the size of a Plesan's egg, has heen developed In Jap Anticipating apartmeht house Nee bug i. } or --- Te A writer has listed seventy ways ia which a man can become a million- aire. Is it possible that "writing" is one of the seventy? The baptismal names of the Prince of Wales are seven and constitute a species of atavic glorification, They are Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David, and refer im thelr order to grandfather, paternal great-grandfather maternal great- grandfather, and the patron saints of (Blondes are no longer in fashion, and many women who had bleached their hair are now dyeing it black) There was a young lady of Sark Whose black hair gave rise to remark; Said an impudent fellow, "Why, it used to be yellow!" She replied: "Hush, I'm keeping ft dark!" . It used to be oid That whatever & Scotsman got to Londor. he never went abck home a, A" thin-skinned juicy lemon, about... England, cotland, Ireland and Wales, ® Aes d pr ry a