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- dime, as there is considerable likell- hood of mid-Western freight ship- 'ments moving through to Hudson Bay. The extent to which grain shipments might find & profitable exit through Fort Chuxghill has already re- ceived much study from the railroad interests concerned. As final condi tioning will be made on the Hudson Bay Railroad this spring, it is expect: od' that regular service wil be avall- able to the port by August. In view of this, four elevators with a capacity of 2,000,000 bushels each are being planned for, Churchill har- Bor. Work on the first of these will eommence early in the spring. At the same time the dredging of the harbor will be resumed. The dock already built there has an approach of twenty- five feet of water. It is intended that troduce Legislation for "Regula Broad- wi Toronto, -- Concrete steps toward inaugurating a government - owned radio monopoly in Canada are expect- ed tobe taken In the near futrue with the introduction In the Canadian Par lament of legislation for the purpose 3 regulating broadcasting in the Do- Yotradustion of the legislation re- sults from a lengthy investigation of broadcasting by a royal commission, which came to the conclusion that operation of broadcasting stations by private interests, as followed in the United States, has not been success ful in Canada, where both population distribution and economic conditions are different. There are a consider- able number of stations In the Domini- on, but the reports indicated that they cannot support themselves by adver- tising programs, as in the United States, In the majority of tnstances, and fear was expressed that the heavy expense incident to the opera- tion of the stations would eventually result fn the closing down of many of them, leaving the Canadian audience with little radio entertainment other than that received from the United States. The broad ded that ibis shall be deepened to thirty-five feet. Work on extending the docks will also be pushed. It is expected that approkimately 3,000,000 yards of gravel will be required for the fillling- in operation in the waterfront area. Big gravel deposits in the neighbor- ing be Placed on a basis of public service, that a provincial direc- tor should be appointed for each pro- vince, to have full contral of pro- grams broadcast in his teritory, and that he be aided By a provincial advis- ory council on radio and broadcasting. blish of a chain of seven hood, however, will facilitate ,this work. The Sturgis cut-off will be in opera- tion this summer, bringing the net- work of railways in the central region of Saskatchewan into more direct con- fact with the Hudson Bay Railway. This will greatly facilitate grain ghip- ments from this territory. Although the Hudson Bay Railroad is already being used for large ship- "ments of fish from the inland lakes, some explorative work is going on to ascertain what the bay itself may be expected to supply in the way of fish. 'According to H. S. Johnson, Western manager of Booth Fisheries, the com- pany will put a trawler in the bay this year. It fs believed that a number of independent fishery companies will al- #0 be in the field during the year, One » trawler, however, Mr, Johnson has de- elared, will be of no commercial use except to determin something of the fish resources of the bay. If Hudson Bay is the lucrative fish- ing area that it is expected to be the movement of fish will be a consider- able ftem In the freight haul of the railroad, An excellent market awaits fhe catch in the cities of the mid- Western Be Fakir-Gambler at Fairs Denounced | More Attractions of Educa- tional Vilue Are Urged T to.--More attracti of an educational value should be used in eounty fairs and exhibitions instead of the customary sideshows and horse races, some 260 farmers attending the annual convéntion of the Ontario As- mociation of Fairs and Exhibitions were told. Sports, community organizations, ehampionship contests for farm boys and girls and free admission of school children were among suggestions of- fered by W. L. Graham; Britannia Bay, to replace the sideshows and mid- ways at provincial fairs. J. L. Wilson, Toronto, secretary, #aid the "hard-earned money of farm boys and girls should be protected egainst the fakir and the gambler, who are allowed the use of the fair grounds by defiance of the law." "It is said without these wheels of fortune, dice games, pools and so- ed ts a fair t financed," said Mr. Wilson. "If that is go, then it is better if the Fair went of Lusiness or else have the Legis- feture wipe out the law." Duncan Marshall, former Minister o Agriculture for Alberta, said a well- oil company is prepared to wpend $50,000 toward an educational $ampaign to aid Ontario farmers in she eradication of weeds, a problem which he termed "one of the greatest now confronting Canadian Agricul- "You must follow modern scientifie rules or you are not going to getany- where," he continued. Urging farmers keep livestock on their farms, Mr. Marshall said "in the next few years Ontario will have the best high class market for livestock in Canada." - be varied so that when the detachment high-powered stations running across Canada was recommended for Initial service, to be the nucleus of the more ambitious system eventually to be created. These stations would have a power of as high as 50,000 watts with supplementary stations of lower power erected in areas not effectively cov- ered by the main stations. Existing stations would be used until the pro- posed chain and auxiliary stations were built. The cost of the chain and fits auxili- arles was estimated at $3,250,000, and the operating expense was placed at $2,500,000 a year. Existing broadcast- ing stations, all of which would be put out of operation or converted into auxiliary stations under the plan, would be taken over by the govern- ment and their owners compensated. The costs of establishing and main- taining the government service would be covered by license fees, rental of stations for indirect advertising and a subsidy from the government. It is proposed to I i! fees for receiving sets from $1 to $3 a year, which would provide an esti- mated revenue of $900,000. TR, SE | "Mounties" Train for London Show ina, Sask.--While bitterly cold eather grips the Prairies, 26 members of the "Royal Canadian Mounted Police,' are training in Re- gina for the International Horse Show which will be held in London next summer. This will be the first time in two de- cades that the "Mounted Police" have, taken part in any such overseas func- tion. Major Dann, Vancouver, charge of the detachment. Youthful members of the force, be- tween 23 and 26 years of age, have been chosen for general smartness and riding ability, All are expert riders, They are now in the course of long weeks of training In Regina. grees or more below zero. At any time they ride in the teeth of bitterly gales. Théir horses, save four, were bred in the East, and are all young, being from five to six years old. The training, at present, confined to daily morning drives on long reins, followed later by driving under riders, will gradually become more intensive and makes its appearance at the show from June 18 to 28, inclusive, it will present a, program of horsemanship, including Roman riding, musical rides, vaulting and drills. It will be the first 'time since 1911, that Royal Canadian Mounted Police have taken part in an overseas function. On that last occasion more than 80 riders were a part of the ceremonies attendant upon the coronation of King George V., and Major Dann was riding: master in Vestine of their training. Sx Ti on Sometimes the weather sinks 30 de-; The photograph here shows Mrs. Premier Mackenzie King. is the first woman to enter the Upper ent and the British Empire. CANADA'S WOMANHOOD HONORED Norman ¥. Wilson of Ottawa, whose appointment to a seat in the Canadian Senate has just been announced by Mrs. Wilson, who fs the mother of eight children, 1s mot only the first woman to be appointed to the Canadian Senate, but she House on the North American contin- --Photograph by John Pewis, Ottawa. Canada to Expend $329,000,000 On Power The quickening of production in practically all lines of industry is con- sidered by economists to be largely due to an increased supply of power and a widening of its uses. Special significance therefore attaches to the fact that with undertakings brought into operation last year and with those which are either ander active con- ly development, a steadily increasing flow of low-cost hydro-electrie power is assured for Canadian industrial en- terprises for some years. The total capacity of new wafer power installations brought into opera- tion during 1929 amounts to 378,400 horsepower, bringing the total instal- lation for Canada to 5,727,600 horse- power. There are several important undertakings under construction which will add more than 1,600,000 horse- power to this total during the next three years. The total amount of capital involved in the devel jon and distribution of the new pewer develop- ed in 1929 amounted to more than $76,000,000 while not less than $320, 000,000 will be required to complete the undertakings planned for the next three years. During 1929 Quebec took the lead In works completed and the same is true bof the works at present under eon- struction, but important programs are also under way In practically all the other provinces. In Ontario theh Hy- dro-electric Power Commission com- pleted a 2200 horsepower development on the South Muskoka River; one of "1800 horsepower on the South River, and one of' 5000 horsepower on the English River. Work was also ad- tr struction or are being studied for ear- vanced on the 54,000 horsepower de- velopment on the Niagara River, and on the 54,000 horsepower development on the Nipigon River; on the installa tion of a tenth unit of 58,000 horse- power in the Queenston station on the Niagara River, and on the dupli- cation of the 220-000-volt transmission line bringing Gatineau River power to Toronto. The commission also took horsepower - nder contract from varl- ous companies. In Northern Ontario the Interna- tional Nickel Company of Canada com- pleted its 28,200 horsepower develop ment on the Spanish River and the Algoma Power Company brought into operation a new plant on the Michipi- coten ver with an initial installa tion of "11,000 horsepower. BN "My dear, I want to speak to you seriously." "I probably deserve it, papa. I know I have been neglecting the children lately." "It isn't that, but aren't you neglect: ing your game of bridge?" A Statesmen in London ought to be cautious, no doubt, but the discourage- ment of some suggests they are deter- mined to burn their bridges in: front of them. Toronto to be Host to Huge Convention Rum-Runner is Eluding Police Believed Silver P Plane Carries Liquor from Winnipeg to North Dakota Winnipeg, -- Reports have reached here from Pembina, North Dakota, that another aerial rum-runner has en- gaged in the traffic in liquor between Manitoba and the United States. The silver plane which was report- ed to have made use of Winnipeg fly- ing fields in October last has, reports say, been seen again, but this time it has not ventured to the city. The Peftbina story is to the effect that the plane landed there on Tues- day about three miles outside the town. It came from Canada. Before town officials could get to it the ma- chine took to the air and flew south- erly. At the same time an automobile was seen to leave the planes side and con- tinue on the road in the direction of St. Paul, Examination of the field where the plane landed showed that boxes about the size of whiskey cases had rested on the snow probably while being transferred from the plane in which, officers are inclined to think, liquor was brought from Canada, to the antomobile, which, If their theory is correct took the cargo further to- ward its destination. Enquiries made in Winnipeg as to whether the plane had been seen here brought ro information of value. No person could be found who saw. From the Manitoba Liquor Commission it was learned that no large purchases of,Jiquor were made on that day, but there were many transactions, all to permit-holders, where single cases were involved. Most of the purchases have been checked and still have their liquor so it Is doubtful if the plane's liquor cargo, if that was its nature, was se- cured here, ' aR Ancient Trowel Found in London Used by Roman. W8rkman Nearly 1,900 Years Ago ' London--The great City of Lon- dinium, which the Romans built so Strongly beside the Thames nearly nineteen hundred years ago, has gone leaving scarcely a vestige of itself he- hind. The mighty wall, three miles long and eight feet thick, with which they surrounded it has faded away; so tha. it' seemed very strange one day last week to pick up one of the very trowels used by the Roman builders. It 1s of good thick iron. The neck curves back somewhat over the blade, and rusted on to it is the ferrule which prevented the handle from split- ting when the three-inch-long tang was driven into ft. Altogether it is remarkably like the tool used for the same purpose to-day. The triangular blade is rather broader in proportion to its length. That is all the difference. > Yet there can be no doubt that it is of Roman date. 'Workmen, making an excavation on Fish Street-hill, near London Bridge, had dug through a layer of soll containing Ipnumerable fragments of Roman pottery of the second century A.D, and below this they came upon the footings of & Ro- man wall--just an ordinary house wall about two feet thick. And among the rubble beside it they found this brick- layer's trowel. Along with it were more pieces of the Romans' favorite bright red crock- ery, but of rather an earlier date than that which was In the layer above. For some of the scraps had the names of their makers stamped upon them, and they were those of potters who are known to have been selling thelr wares in the period A.D. 0 to A.D. 100. a American Uneasiness Ottawa.--The uneasiness which has arisen In American business circles following the Empire Free Trade cam- palgn is Indicated by the fact that business men are flooding Canada with questionnaires on the subject. Fol lowing are typical examples. 'What attitude do Canadian manu- facturers' jobbers take In regard to such a movement? What is the attitude of Canadians generally towards British-made goods? Other things being equal would they prefer to buy British goods rather than American gods? 'Why have not more British goods been sold in Canada up to the present time? How much weight does the sentl- mental factor carry? Apart from speed of delivery and the existing influence of advertising what factors" favor United States merchandise? 'What specific constructive critic: {sms can you make of existing British methods of trying to get business in Canada? The problem of Britleh v. American goods on the Canadian market is In fact being Investigated from every possible angle, mre eit + You may depend upon it that he is a good man whose intimate friends are all good, and whose enemies are characters decidedly bad.--Lavater. PORGTIISRLY TUS A home is a litileused bullding | that usually stands on the same lot with the garage--Florida Times Union. Late "Tiger of France" At tacks Foch, § erahing Poin. care and Germs of New War Developing Paris.--The first information obtain- ed here on the contents of the late Georges Clemencepu's book, "The Grandeur and Disillusionment of a Victory," which will be published shortly by the "Tiger's" family. In this work, which was written during the last summer of his life, the former Premier relates in detail the entry of American troops into the World *War, the last episodes of the struggle, the signing of the Armistice and the negotiations for the Versail- les treaty. The book is said to be dramatic and violent. With the ferocity which was habitual with him, the "Tiger of France" attacks Marshal Foch, Gen- eral Pershing, Rene Viviani, Raymond Poincare and David Lloyd George, and gives vivid and sometimes ironical portraits of President Wilson, Balfour, Colonel House, Baron Sonnino and Ig- nace Paderewskl In Chapter 1V., which is considered the best of the whole volume, he tells of the critical situation of the Allied armies at, the moment when the American troops began to arrive in France, Clemenceau implored Gen. Pershing to send his troops to the front as soon as possible to fill up the gaps in the French and British armies left by the last German attacks. But Pershing, who considered that the American soldiers were not yet ready to go Into battle, asked the French Premier to give him time to train and organize them. The slow arrival at the front of the American troops, says Clemencean, cost many French lives, and the Allies were ar Josing the war in the Amiens-Ypres sector, Bad Strategist The "Tiger" declares in his book that the late Marshal Foch was a bad strategist, although he concedes that the eventual victory was in a large part due to Foch's energy He recalls that only his "personal intervention, saved "the poor marshal" from losin g! his command. President Wilson is called by Cle- menceau, in the eleventh chapter of y whose high the book, a visi '| idealism clashed with Enropean real isms and was reduced to nothing by the American statesman's lack of political experience Clemenceau reveals that during the last months of the war and during the Armistic period he was in constant disagreement with Poincare, then President of France, whom he accuses of having ruined the victory. He por- trays Lloyd George with much humor and declares that after the Armistice the Welsh [Prime Minister became France's enemy. The last chapters of "Grandeur and Disillusionment' " tinged with bit- terness. Clemencrau admits at the end that he was deceived in his hopes that an era of peacéd would be the re- sult of t World War. He dies, he says, v.. a the fear that "to the accom- paniment of the Geneva guitar" the germs of new violence and new war are being developed in the world. Canadians Need Applied Research | L. V. Redman Forecasts] Men Living in Comfort at North Pole Dr. St. Catharines, Ont.--"Men will be| able to live in perfect comfort and | * health anywhere in Canada up to the| North Pole if research work now un- der way Is successful, and there is every reason to believe It will he," L. V. Redman, a graduate of Toronto | University, and now America, told an audience in St. Cath- arines recently. He stressed the fact that what Canada needed most was applied research. "Canada needs fresh -fruits tow ard | the end of the winter and In the early spring. Recent discoveries In the freezing of fish can be applied to fruit and the fruit will be delivered b and can be kept from one to months with the same freshness it had when it was originally picked,' Mr. Hedman sald. "Canada has problems In agricul ture. There Is no reason to think that we cannot produce plants hardy enough to produce as much up at the 75th parallel as is now grown at the 40th." | The 01a Man--"So you're the prodi- pr. | director of re | search for the Bakelite Industries of De sposed 'The Balfour declaration' PEATE and the Jews may have Palestine as a home without waving a red flag. These heartening words were brought to the Zionist Organization of '| America by Gen. Jan Christian Smuts, former Premier of South Africa, oe of the surviving members of the tish War Cabinet which, fssued the famous declaration, But General Smuts "cautioned hig hearers that the policy was not-con- ceived in hostility to the Arabs, and reminded them that the document was a limited declaration in that the tish Government did not bind to colect all the Jews in the world and settle them in Palestine, but only to provide a national home for those Jews who desire to settle in the an- cient home of their race. The announcement of the South Af- rican statesman was made at a lunch- eon tendered him in New York by the Zionist Organzation of America just before his departure for England. To settle all doubts as to the continuation of the policy set forth In the Declara- tion, he sald, as he is quoted in The New Palestine (Brooklyn): "As far as I am concerned, as one of the original projectors of this Declaration, and in view of my knowledge of all that has happened. since, this document, this promise, this pledge--the Balfour De- claration--will stand, and will be car- ried out both in the letter and in the spirit.' But, he reminded his hearers: "It was a limited declaration. The words were very carefully chosen. "We never promised that we would undertake, or that the British Govern- ment would undertake, to collect all the Jewish people of the world and place them in Palestine, We never jn- tended such an undertaking. "All that was promised was that a national home would be established and would be secured in Palestine for such of the Jewish people who want to go there" No declaration was made against the Arabs, said General Smuts, And denying that Great Britain has broken her pledge to the Arabs, he pointed out that a new Arab kingdom was created at Damascus, and, whgn t oved a faihire the British Gove it established another: king- ym. It went further, he sald. In Fransjordania it established What in effect amounted to an Arab kingdom, in which Emir Abdula reigns; to-day. General Smuts believes it possible te harmonize the interests of both and Arabs, and he informed the Zi ists: "We have undertaken to solve the problems of other nations and we tie going to tackie the problem of Jew and Arab. We are going to do it fn a spirit of good-will under the mandate system, under the supervision of the League of Nations, which is goin gto be the gulding authority in these matte General Smuts' announcement that the vow made by the framers of the Balfour Declaration will be kept, com ments The New Palestine, "may "he taken as a reassurance of its in the hearts and consciences idealists who were its sponso early days." Similarly please Jewish Tribune (New York) : that "no more heartening word: have come to the multitudes who for the reastablishme nt of a 'Jewish homeland in Palestine," while . The American Hebrew (New York) « > sels peace with this: "The sooner the calm an tive Te ship of both p plied t he solution of t problem, the speedier will the tine experiment, in which Aral Jew must now participate, 1 ee sit= sfac ry peace." King Amanulla hs Return Predicted Ruler's Reform Work Still Seen in Afghanistan New York 1 e western refor: I a nullah his cro Af- | B lanistan to s r | Muhammad Yunus © { signed Charge d'Affaires f Af ghan legation in London, Moreover, he said in an interview with the Associated Press, "1 feel sure that 100 years hence a monument wilk be erected at Kabul, the capital, to King Amanullah to commemorate his patriotism and great reforms, for which my countrymen were, perhaps, at the time of thelr introduction, uot quite prepared. "But King Amanullah's great work in Afghanistan can still be seen there, and no Government in Afghanistan can afford to Ignore altogether some of those reforms." He blamed the "priestly classes," who, he said, were "extremely ignore ant" of their own religion, for the failure of Amanullah's work. ~~ A a nan I Rocket planes which can .go 5000 miles an hour are talked about; we are up & list of friends whom we xs to wy travel thiag way, | aiid {gal son and are going home, eh?" 1 ted calf" . { The Young Man--"1 hope not--jor 1 think I've been the calf." suppose your father will ill the fat: 4 | (410) Herald, hare of national «