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R NEW DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES URGED BY COMMISSIONERS Lengthy Report Tabled at Ottawa Makes Recom- © mendations Steam Trawler is Blamed for Depletion in Cana. dian Waters a Ottawa, May 8.--Recommenda- tions of major importance to ine fisheries of Canada feature the res port of the Royal Commission on Fisheries tabled in the House of Commons by Hon, P, J. Care din, Minister, of Marine and Fish- eries. Directed primarily to the improvement, of conditions in the fisheries of the Maritime Provine- es and Quebec, some of the most important of the recommendations will, if implemented, have a far- reaching effect on the fishing indus- try of the whole Dominion, The commission recommends the establishment of a separate de- partment of fisheries. While stat- ing that the action of Parliament last year in authorizing the ap- pointment of a Deputy Minister of Fisheries has met with widespread approval, the five commissioners point to "numerous representa- tions" which were made as to the necessity for a separate ministry, Unanimously they "recommena the creation of such a department to the Government of Canada." The report of the commission is unanimous, with one important ex- ception. The commission ¢ivides on the important question of the steam-trawler. Chairman A. K. MacLean favors legislation which would prohibit the operatiom of steam-trawlers - from Canadian ports after June 1, 1929. "We believe that one of the rem edies for the present situation is the total prohibition from a Luna. dian port, landing their catch in Canadian ports, or obtaining 1a Ca- nadian ports coal or supplies. And we I end that such legisla. tion be enacted to make such pro- hibition effective on and after June 1, 1929," the majority of the commission declare, This recom- mendation is made during the course of a lengthy section of the report, in which the reasons for it are given, Chairman Dissemts Chairman MacLean dissents from the view of his colleageus on this important point. While admit. ting a regrettable decline in the tos tal number of men engaged in the shore fisheries, he expresses the view that "it is difficult to say to what extent this is attributable to the trawler, if at all, without care- ful investigation." He believes that before the trawler fishing is ters minated, the reasons for so doing should be manifestly strong, and he does not feel that they are con- clusive. International regulations governing the operations of trawl- ers, scientific investigation to see if the fisheries gre becoming deplet- ed through the activities of trawl- ers, 'and other steps are recom- mended in the minority repert. The complete report of the com- mission, including the two trawl er reports, is a voluminous docu- ment. Close upon 300 pages of text, maps, tables, ete.,, are com- prised between its covers, The sub- jects dealt with number wearly half a hundred. The commission goes exhaustively into a discussion of the different fisheries, making im- portant recommendations, from time to time, as'the work proceeds. One of the chapters of major im- nH -------- 'That, REMEMBRANCE you must. buy WHEN it suddenly dawns upon you w somebody's Wedding, Birthday or Anniversary! Don't rush off and get something that's an injustice to yous good taste and good wishes, Let us help you! 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Salmon, -oysters, scallops, | smelts, shad, mackerel, herring and dog-fish are given separate sec- tions, Aids to fishermen, transpor- tation, tariffs, the modus vivendi, the Halifax award, obstruction and pollution of streams, brine freez- ing, inspections, education, co-op erations, administration are ether subjects dealt with specifically. There is. a separate section Tor Quebec and the Magdalen Islands. The Province of Quebec adminis. ters its own fisheries. Strategic Points The Commission collected the evidence on which its report is bas- ed in the course of 49 sittings held at strategic points in the Provinces of Quebec, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. The first sitting, for organization purposes, took place at Campbells tom, N.B., on Oct. 13, 1927. Then the commission went to Gaspe, where the first public hearing was held, Sittings were continued un- til Nov. 14 at Pugwash, when ad- journment was made until Dec. 1. Then. the commission resumed at Halifax and sat until Dec. 14, when there was another adjournment for the Christmas holidays. The final period of sittings ran from Jan, 23, at Campbellton, N.B.,, to Feb. 10, at Toronto. Fishermen, canners, fish dealers, representatives of the large fish companies, and others connected or -associated with the fisheries in their various ramifica- tions, were examined, The report was prepared, largely, in Ottawa. Mr. Justice A. XK. MacLean, pres- ident of the exchequer court of Canada, was the chairman of the commission. Associated with him as commissioners were Cyrus Mac- Millan, Ph.D., of McGill University, port, N.S., Hon, Joseph Mombour- quette, of L'Ardoisé, N.S, and J, G. Robichaud, of Shippegan, N. B, G. Fred Pearson, of Hailfax, was chief counsel for the commission, and E, 8. Carter, of Saint John, N. B., secretary. W. P. Potter, of Lunenburg, N.S. was assistant counsel, Throughout its entire tour, the commission wae accompanied by a representative of the Deépartment of Marine and Fisheries, W. J, KE, Casey, who arranged for the move- ments of the commission and simi- lar matters. The report contains a note, of appreciation of his work. The schedule of sittings took the commissioners to remote and lone- ly fishing villages, as whll as to the more populous contres. A very large number of witnesses was ex- amined, and an official report taken of the evidence. ! Note of Warning A note of warning with respect to the serious depletion of certain of the fisheries is sounded by the commissioners in the report, In certain cases drastic regula' o are recommended in order to save the fishery in question, Especially is this true in the case of the loh- pter fishery *'one of the most im- portant and most valuable branch- es of the fisheries of the Maritime Provinces and Quebec, Here the commissioners find a serious depletion traceable to {lle- gal fishing and to the taking of small lobsters and berried or spawn-carrying lobsters, In some districts, the commission gathered the impression that there was an utter lack of observance of lobster regulations. This was not, how- ever, universal or widespread. "The sindividual fisherman nrust, in some way, be made to realize the inevitable disaster which will follow his failure to return to the water the spawn-carrying female," asserts the report. Payment of a bonus to fishermen for turning in the berried lobsters is opposed. This would mean paying a bonus "for merely obeying the law and protecting one's own industry." Drastic. suggestions are made for dealing with the packer foung Montreal, H. R. L. Bill, of Loek- | "Dignified Simplicity" Its simple fines and restrained dignity of ornamentation seem but to emphasize the spirited, modern beauty of the BIRD OF PARADISE Tea Service in COMMUNITY PLATE "COMPLETE TABLE SERVICES In combination with the matching i oF PARADISE knives, forks Spoons comprises s complete "family plate" which will an admiced touch of splendor to the entertainment of Our guests. BURNS 231% Simcoe St. S. Phone 389 Theres Romance on the Road to Europe Join i ee going to t Canadian Pacific. Tourist Cabin. There will be orginda pi CC Cabin rooms are EEE always something do. RovD TIP 41 84,50 ECONOMICAL TOURS Pr pe feb Soi Tourn 9 Visit your local agent to-day, or apply J. E, PARKER General Agent, Ocean Trafic C.P.R. Bullding, Toronto 110 WORLD'S GREATEST TRAVEL SYSTEM Canad Com- alors Chsgues, Nopsiohl vere Rl Dt Ct id guilty of traficking in {illegally caught lobsters, berried lohsters or under-sized lobsters, and for non- observance of the legal season. Some interesting side-lights are given, It is pointed out by the commission that Canadian waters yield about three quarters of the world's production of smells, and that the Miramichi district is the most important snrelt fishing eentre in the weprld. 'Exploratory sur- veys to locate new scallop beds are recommended. In a section devoted to a discus- sion of fish plants and retail shops, the commissioners emphasize the importance of cleanliness in handl- ing fish. "The more frequent gse of pump and hose would not in- crease 1 verhead expenses to any noticeable extent, but it would result in cleanliness and more hy- glenic surroundings," they remark trenchantly. A rocemmendation that the department draw up regu- lations "as to conditions unaeg which fish should be handled at all stages' for circulation among those engaged in the industry as well as among municipal authorities, is made. Marketing Fresh Fish Marketing of fresh fish is dealt with in a lengthy chapter of the report. The Commissioners refer to the price spread between the fishermen and the consumer in Quebec and tario. "A fact too frenquently lost sight of when com- paring retail] prices in these mark- ets, with the prices paid to the fish- ermen, is that there is a loss in weight when the heads are remov- ed, or when the fish is filleted," the report asserts, It gives figures to illustrate that there is a very appreciable loss under the circumn- stances mentioned. It also men- tions the number of middlemen who intervene between the fisher- men and consumers, and states that "it would be desirable, if at all possible, that the contact be- tween the shipper and the consum- er should be more direct." Inspec. tion and grading fish in all its forms is recommended by the Com- missioners. A strong recommendation that adequate assistance he authorized for fisheries education in.the Mari- time Provinces, is made in thet section of the report devoted to education. The commissioners sug- gest that details with respect to this 'instruction should be arrang- ed by the Department in conference with the Provincial Departments of Education when deemed neces- sary. While stating that it is not their function to suggest the na- J ture of these details, the commis- sioners point to the methods now followed by the Department of Ag- riculture as indicative of what might be done. The report draws attention to the fact that there was general emphasig laid on the neces- sity for technical education and jnstruction by the fishermen them- selves. GALLANT - RESCUE London, May 10.--There was a gallant . rescue from drowning in the Thames mear East Molesey weir on a recent holiday. In en- deavoring to push away his boat wit) 'a paddle Charles Mortier, 17 years of age, of Hammersmith, fell into the water. Noticing his plight, Percy Everest, of Maidstone, dived into the water fully dressed from a passing pleasure steamer, follow- ed by Hyman Carter, of Upper Street, Islington, who was passing along the river bank in his motor- car. Between them they succeeded in bringing Mortier ashore, amid the cheers of the holiday-makers. Mortier was unconscious, but he revived after first aid treatment and was conveyed home. ] "Nature News (Supplied by Members of the Burronghs Field-Naturalists' Club) A well attended meeting of the Club was held in the Public Li- brary on Thursday, May 10, at 7.16 p.m., the president, Arthur Slyfield, in the chair. Mention was made of the visit of Ernest Thomp- son-Setom, fui ous naturalist, to Toronto, wl «¢ he delivered a number 'of I tures. Mr. Seton states that no wilderness is left east of the Rockies. Even Florida, which was a great winter resort for migrating birds, is no longer in its virgin state. Speaking of the bird-life and ther esults of con- servation and establishment of bird sanctuaries, he stated: "Some species such as the trumpeter swan are increasing." He remarked on' the remarkable perspicacity of ducks in distinguishing between places that were safe havens and those that were not. "I noticed great numbers of coots all along the lake shore as I canre from Ham- ilton." Leonard Eclas who joined the Club recently brought three arti- cles to the notice of members. "Distant Suns Eclipsed," "New are Really Old," the Futura Will It has been suggested that the apparent splitting in two of the newly-discovered star Nova Plctoris is the beginning of the birth of a Solar System similar to our own. Recent observations of the outer planets suggest the pos- sibility of still another world be- yond Neptune. One new member, Newton Oke, ---- are gone beyond recall but ducks | THE OSHAWA DALY TIMES, FRIDAY, MAY. 11, 1928 was present at the meeting. . Wilse McLeese was proposed for member- ship. Active members now anum- ber nineteen. One member has been lost jo the society by removal to Walkerville but he will continue as a corresponding member. Two members have been absent from the two last meetings throuzh seri- ous illness. - The Club is holding a twilight excursion on Thursday, May 17, at 7.30, These excursions will be held ever other Thursday in May and Jupe. These are months the field-naturalist can least afford to lose. Many uncommon varieties of birds are passing through the prov- ince this month en route to their summer homes in the north. Among them may be mentioned: Baltimore Oroiles, Blackburnian Warblers, Redstarts, Maryland Yellow- throats, Canadian Warblers, Myrtle Warblers, Magnolia Warblers, Cape May Warblers, Chestnut-sided Warblers, Parula Warblers, Gold- en-winged 'Warblers, Mourning Warblers, Ovenbirds, Bobolinks, Phoebes, Wood Pewees, Kingbirds, Least Flycatchers, Great-crested Flycatchers, Veeries, Wool Thrushes, Olive-backed . Thrushes, Grey-cheeked Thrushes, Scarlet Tanagers, Black-billed Cuckoos, Rose-breasted (Grosbeaks, Semi- palmated Plovers, Common Terns, Black Terns, Spotted Sandpipers, Least Sandpipers, Red-backed Sandpipers, Long-billed Curlews, Ruddy Turnstones, Black-bellied Plovers, Piping Plovers, Night- hawks, Whip-poor-wills. Thoseof the club whose special- ty is birds have seen the following 1 \ The "Confederation" is a fast, with every convenience wal. It il Regina, and Edmonton. H. W. CANADIAN - ------ Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers, Black and White Warblers. According members of the Mammal Group many cotton-tail rabbits are now to be seen even- ings in different parts of the city. They are quite common about Bishop Bethune College Grounds and also in the northern part of Oshawa. Other mammals wien have been studied by the group include Woodchucks, Chipmunks, Red Squirrels, Meadow mice, In turning over a board I. Ecles came on a meadow-mouse which show- io species this week: Canadian Warb- lera, White-crowned Sparrows, White-throated Sparrows, Hermit Thrushes, Spotted © Sandpipers, Flickers, Red-headed Woodpeckers, ! -- ed fight when disturbed, punctur- ing his finger with its teeth, An- other young naturalist got into an argument with- a Woodchuck. A little Black-and-White Creep- '(Onfederat 0) ) All-steel construction with observation, compartment, Wray, buffet cate (cadio equip- Jedi, diner and chaches. Sheridan, Ast, 39 Simcoe St. S., Phone 515 ing Warbler flew iata Room 10 at the Collegiate Thursday morn= ing through an open window, In flying out it struck the glass and met instant death--another spring tragedy which there. are all too many. (Read 'The Tragedies of the Nests" in "Signs and Seasons," by John Burroughs.) Some of those in the Vertebrate ° Group viewed two Mud Turtles living in confinement in the science rooms at the Collegiate. Douglas Henderson read a very interesting paper on "The Rubye Throated Hummingbird" and ex- hibited one of the tiny nests of this species. ON THE THAMES | G.. SUCCESSFUL HOSTESS looks upon entertaining as an adventure ~a challenge to her talents, an opportunity to express her good taste, a test of her good judgment. Here is a gift thought, to help you help the smart young bride go forth to her "adventures" modernly equipped to do full justice to every occasion, Itis a CoMMUNITY PLATE creation, 2 richly bound, blue and gold Book-box, containing those essential to correct table setting. There are 8 volumes to be had, in any one of the five lovely Com- MUNITY PLATE patterns. Each volume is entitled "Adventures in Entertaining," and the set is appropriately named "The CoMMuNITY PLATE Library of Entertaining." But there's more to these charming gift pieces than the lovely Com- MUNITY PLATE they contain. 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