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NSO nd TT ad » So - on Rr ae go Ta ie Fron ian Te Pca a bor MS 3 id Tf CANADA THE EMPIRE THE WORLD AT LARGE Voice of the Press J CANADA STYLE CHANGE The girl who used to spend a lot of time in front of the glass making sure her hat was on straight now spends the same amount of time making sure it isn't, -- St. Thomas Times-Journal, MENTALLY ILL. There is decided merit in the pro- posal of the Hon, Dr. J, A. Faulkner, the provincial Minister of Health, that the word "Insane" shall bg de- loted from Ontario's statutes wher- ever it may occur and be replaced by the phrase 'mentally {ll and de- fective." We have made much pro- gress from that dim period in which individuals suffering from mental illness were considered to be in such a hopeless state that they were con- fined in virtual prisons and set apart from the world for the remainder of" their days.--Brockville Recorder, ISLAND STEPPING 8TONES Soon every little island in the ocean is going to find itself fmportant and it Is certaln that, with aviation "developing as it is, places which in the past have not even heen spots on the map will become centres of interest, Here, for instance, is the case of the Wake Islands, away out in the Pacific Ocean, These are three small iglets, with a total area of not more than 2,600 acres, yet they are to be a point of call on the pro- 10 ed U.S.-China air route, plans for which a. e now wél] under way with Tan-Amercan Airways and the Unit- ed Siac: Government co-operating. --Sau.t Star. BRITAIN'S PROGRESS The soundness of the basis on "whic British recovery has been bulit is shown more clearly than ever in Neville Chamberlain's budget for the coming year, The average Britons standard of living has steadily im- proved, The cest of lving last year was substantially below the level of 1031, when the National Government came into power. Industrial preduc- tion rose 12 per cent, last year; ex- ports increased $145,000,000.--~Winnl- peg Tribune, "THE STAGGERING TOTAL" Any attempt to establish the ab- solute "total of direct and indirect v.ciims of the war in the whole world, Professor Hersch of the University of Geneva sums up, "Is doomed to failure," in the first place "because we lack reliable data for the backward countries." But, he adds, "even with these gaps we ar- rive at 'the following approximate es- timates" of deaths directly and indi- rectly attributable to the world War: Military Civil Europe ...... 12,637,000 12,219,000 America ....... 170,000 1,600,000 Asla 6Y,000 13,700,000 Africa 99,000 900,000 Oceania 76,000 60,000 13,055,000 28,379,000 Which gives the staggering total of "early 42 million people destroyed" --a number actually greater than the population of France, England and . 'Wales, and four times as great as thg total population of the Dominion of Canada. -Halifax Herald, A SPECULATION, The population of the United States in 1800 was 5,308,000, less than half the population of Canada today. Even in 1820 it did not exceed 9,636, 000, or 1,600,000 less than the num- _ ber of people who live In this Dom- inlon now. The rate of increase, however, was consistently greater than that of Canada, owing to the heavy immigration which continued until drastic restricive regulations were imposed fifteen or twenty years ago. When economic conditions have improved it may be predicted that Canada's population will increase at a greater rate than at any other time in her history and may reach 20. 000,000 within the next two decades, ~Victoria Time:. ORGANIZED CHILDHOOD The school child of twenty years ago knew little or nothing of air- lanes or radio or automobiles, but today these are a part of his life. Child life is also organized today as never before with Boy Scouts, Girl QGuldes, camps, clubs, choirs and athletic teams. The process of relat. ing education to this more sociallsed oxistence is in jtself a problem of Amportance,--~London Free Press, PARADOX ON THE FARM, Although the Washington Govern: Ment has taken unprecedented steps in the last two years to reduce farm production, an oftd turn of events has resulted fn a substantial increase in the number of farmers. Census bur- eau officials estimate that at least half a million new farms have sprung up in the United States during the depression. For the most part, ft is believed that this is due to the re- turn to rural areas of city folk whose jobs vanished when factories shut down. Over a period of many years the American farm population fond fly declined. It fs surprising enouga to find this trend reversed, over a five-year stretch; but to try to- un- derstand just how this reversal fits fn with reducing farm production is quite a task.--Quebec Chronicle-Tele- graph, EXPENSIVE AND SLOW It has been estimated that it costs $25,000 to kill one man in modern war. Worse than that, the grandson toots the bill for the man his grand- father killed,--Toronto Mail and Em- pire. SECRET OF LONG LIFE, Mrs. William Russell of Mitchell, celebrated her 101st birthday on March 25. So uhusual 1s suoh an event that it comes under the head- ing of remarkable, Like a good many others to whom length of years has been measured in increasing degrees, Mrs. Rif sell had something to say about the sec- ret of a long life. It had nothing to do with dlet, but it was merely that getting up early in the morning was the place wherein the secret rested. And Mrs, Russell means four o'clock in the morning when she sayy "early."--Stratford Beacon-Her- ald : FIXING THE BLAME A medical man recently that hercdity is a factor aches. It seems our anceslors are blam- ed for a lot of things these days. We had believed that many modern headaclies resulted from {irregular 'hours, and sometimes excessive eat- ing or drinking. There must still be a variety of causes to "-produce the effect, depending upon the indi- vidual factor, of course; but what a final excuse a man may effer here- after--that an ancestor {is respon- gible for his "morning after" feeling, ---Border Citles Star. opined in head- LURE OF THE UNKNOWN, This is a time of year when a spir- it of restlessness takes hold of many of us. We feel a desire and an urge to break away from our accustomed tasks and occupations, to go wander- ing in search of change, and sights that are new or different, 'It 13, perhaps, the modern -symp- tom of the wanderlust to which man. kind in past ages was able to give derulst; longing for the " unknown things to be seen at the end of strange waters, Individuals of all agas and all generations have known ft--have felt it dragging them from the beaten tracks to tralls that lead into uncharted regions, Some never return. Some return in rags, weary and broken, with scars to prove their adventures, A few return in fine raf- ment, enriched, with stirring tales of good things fourdd and evidence that bears them out. Wanderlust takes many forms, Sometimes it gets into the feet and pulls its victims along strange paths towards wondrous places, new lands, unexplored wastes. Sometimes it gets fnto the mind and leads strange theories and after strange objectives, some of them real, some chimerical, somg good, some bad. Sometimes the lure of the unknown draws toward strange political, mor- al, social, economic or metaphysical "Isms"--some of which prove sound and safe, but some unsound and deadly dangerous, Many wanderers perish on their journeys © along strange mental lines., Others return, sadder and wiser, Whatever directions the wahder- lust takes individuals, it would be a dull world without, it, -- Kingston Whig-Standard, ---- THE EMPIRE AGES OF MAN The age in which he doa: not know anything and doesn't know he does: n't know anything. The age in whioh he doesn't know anything but thinks he knows it all, The age in which he fs convinced that his father fs a dumbell, The age in which he comes to find out he doesn't know it all, The age in which he discovers that his father is possessed of normal good sense, The age in which he discovers that he really knows very his father was possessed of more sense than he has. THe age in which he has a son who thinks he fs a rein in the mass, Wanderlust Is won-- towards. little. The age in which he discovers Fa hb NS TA IL a i Ge oe REY UATE TASS 1 SEAR aL Sa es LR Re AN ARR A RI NEO A, 5 it: Se A Ts en Ao KFard Scene on parade grounds at the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Md., as the future officers of the U.S. Navy go through their paces in first dress parade of the year. ha 4 SAN vi oe AH (Er SE ERE THE POPULAR BRITISH POST OFFICE, By an energetic campaign of ad- vertising by the systematic study of the public needs, by the drastic chea- pening of the services, the Post OI- tice has been transformed, almost overnight, from a semi-obsolete bur- eaucratic machine into an enterprise charged full with vitality. 8ir Kings- ley Wood deserves the gratitude of the country for this far-sighted and courageous achievement. -- JI.ondon Morning Post, BRIGHTER TRAINS. Yesterday the chairman of the Southern Ra'lway did a little electri- fying himself, Waiting-rooms, he said, would be made into places where anyone could enjoy the walt. -ng. Though here and there travel by rail bas been much more cheerful lately, the general standard remains so low that to most train travellers these sentiments will seem revolu- tionary. And in truth nothing short of a revolution is wanted. The ad- vantages of travel by train are in danger of being buried in a doleful wilderness of ugly dark termini, old- fashioned stations and Victorian car- riages.-- London Dally Herald. PUBLIC HEALTH IN S.A, The great obstacle to the general adoption of more hygenic measures everywhere appears to be the reluc- tance of the community, and also of Provincial and local authorities, to pay for them. The provision of pure water, and of adequate sanitary facil- ities, costs money, and many people do not yet seem to realize that it would be money well spent, Many lo- cal authorities, on the other hand, have not got the money to spend, and for that reason it has been suggested to the Provincial Finance Commis- sion that the whole organization of the Public Health Services, as well as the financial provisions of the Pub- lic Health Act, need revision and re- cidly reviewed by the Secretary for Public Health, and the remedy has been evident for many years = past. The present time provides an excel- lent opportunity for initiating the re- forms that alone can make satisfac. tory provision for a healthy South Af- rica in the future.--Johannesburg Times, 31 adjustment, The position has been lu. DECLARE GLANDS SUPPLY 'DRIVE Piladelphia, Apri] 30. -- From 300 of the dead, medical science has its answer to-day to one of its major mysteries, whether human person. ality. is just a 'matter of glands, The answer is no -- the glands do not make personality, but they. .are ita powerhouse, They leave un- explained why one person is a geni- us, another a pauper, but for what- ever talents man possescsc they fur- nish the "drive." Dr. Walter Freeman, of the Black- burn Laboratory, St. Elizabeth Hos- pital, and George Washington Unl. versity, Washington, reported to the Americn College -of Physiclan3 that they explain the drive which makes a scientist spend 50 years studying a mouse, or the power of the orator who sways mlillons. } THE ENDOCRINE This answer was found in measur- ing and weighing the endocrine, or internal secretion glands, of 300 per- sons who died at St. Elizabeth Hos- pital. They had been long time pa- tients, - their personalities in life carefully recorded. : It is true, Dr, Freeman said, that numerous personality tendencies were seen which appeared to be as- sociated with whether one or another of these glands .was extra large or extra small. He added: "Two important func- tions, ag far as the personality is concerned, may be safely granted to the endocrine system, These are emotional stability and energy. and drive. The irritability and emotional instability seen in hyper thyroid- ism, "in hyper insulinism, in hyper parathyroidism and in certain othér endocrinopathies, are relieved by re- storing the normal endocrine bal. ance. ) "The energy drive to a greater or less degree by cor- recting any deficiency of the .pitul. tary, thyroid, adrenals or gonads. - "Nevertheless as far as determin- ing whether an individual shall be proud, sensitive, susplclous paranoid individual; or a timid, shut-in, dreamy-schizoid person; ous, jolly, hailfellow well-met cy- cloid; or a moody pedantic, egocen- tric eplleptoid individual, the endoc- rine glands would seem to have little say in the matter." is augmented a Dboister- HEAT FOR SINUS DISEASE Warmth Is Supplied by Water Run Through Tubes in Nostrils There probably never was a time when heat was not regarded as a means of alleviating pain. Just what occurs when a hot-water bag is ap- plied to a lame back or an aching ear. is still obscure; physicians talk of stimulating the circulation, of do- ing something to cells that is still the subject of speculation. The plain fact is that heat often aids nature in achieving her own ends. Much of what constitutes modern physiotherapy depends on the appli- cation of heat by electrical appara- tus. When a physician invokes diathermy he sends through afflict- ed tissues and organs a currdit which has the proper characteristics and which, as it 'encounters internal resistance, generates heat. More recently short-wave therapy has come to the fore--a treatment in which ~waves shorter than those --used--in radio penetrate the body without the use of anything that touches the skin. Extraordinary resultd have been achieved in killing the bacteria of some virulent diseases in this way. The hot-water bottle, the electric lamp and the radiator that emits in- fra-red rays have no such power. Because there is so much guess- work about these heat treatments, Dr. William Bierman has actually sunk thermocouples .in the flesh and thus measured the relative ef- tect of powerful incadescent and infra-red lamps. Contrary to the prevailing view, he found that heat from the electric lamp penetrates more deeply than heat from the infra-red radiator. What happens when a diathermal current or short. waves penetrate tissue no one knows exactly. . It is impossible to measure temperatures in electrical- ly heated tissues because the meas. uring apparatus itself is affected. All this is of moment in consider- ing the work that Dr. IL Daniel Shorell of New York describes in American Medicine. He is a spe- cialist in the treatment of diseases of the ear, nose and throat, and sinuses attract his attention. Like others in his field he recognizes the benefits of heat treatment. Also he sees that the heat radiated by lamps and sources of infra-red rays can- British Farmers In Tithe Protest Eecclestiastical Commissioners, dumbbell.----London Opinion, 4 the hon fiva Bk rotest was staged after lack of biddin, More than 100 farmers, protesting against the tithe collections, "Queen Anne's bounty," burned effigies of the Archbishop of Canterbury in clerical garb and stration at Ashford, Kent, England. The auction of nine dairy cows seized in an effort to collect more than $300 in tithe arrears for' the Queen Anne, during a demon- had prevented the The above photo shows the effigies being carried to the scene of not penetrate far into the sinuses.' After mueh experimenting, he has devised an improvement which de- serves the consideration of physi- cians who specialize in the - treat- ment of diseases of the ear, throat | and nose. His modification makes it" possible to apply heat not only to the region of the bones and is- sues affected, but to control it au- tomatically. £3 In the treatment of sinus disease, tubes of purest rubber are insertel into the nostril as fa¥ as the hard palate. 'Each tube is divided length- wise by a partition, andv each branches from a main tube leading to a compression and suction pump. The. business of the pumps is to drive hot water through the system of tubes in a ceaseless flow. An electric heater keeps the water au- tomatically at the right tempera- ture. Valves control the pressure, which varies from one to three pounds. What we have is some- thing like the hot-water circulatory system by which houses are some- times heated. The rubber tubes are simply heat - radiators controlled by a thermostat, It is astonishing how much heat local tissues and bones can stand. At first the temperature is only 112 degrees F., but every ninety seconds it is raised one degree. Usually 128 degrees can be endured without discomfort. Patients lie on their backs and let the hot water circulate separated from the mu- cous membrane only by a thin wall of rubber. A treatment lasts from fifteen to twenty minutes. The gin- uses, which lie near the mucous membrance of the nose, are bene- fited, as they usually are when b- jected to heat treatment. In this case the benefit is especially mark- 'ed. Undoubtedly some heat is con- ducted through the adjacent bone. HEAT TREATMENT RECORDS What actually happens is not clear in any method of * heat treatment. But before-and-after X-ray pictures of 170 cases of sinus disease treated by this dry heat, hot water method show sometimes a' complete disap- pearance of telltale shadow, some- times partial clarification and only rarely no improvement at all. In his article in American Medi- cine, Dr. Shorell refers to the im- provement of hearing in cases of chronic catarrhal deafness that fol- lows this treatment of the sinuses. The reason may possibly be given by Dr. M. M. Collum in a paper which he read before the American Medical Association and which is published in - its Journal. Cullom evidence of an association of sinus disease and infection of the middle ear. "I have the feeling that, ow- ing to the position of the sinuses at the top of the respiratory tract, they are a menace to all lower-lying structures," he ventures. Drainage from infected sinuses contaminates everything it reaches. The conclusion is drawn that ear infections, which may result in acute or chronic catarrhal deafness, may be treated by way of the sinuses with good results. Dr. Cul- lom is apparently in favor of opera- tions of some sort. Dr. Shorell re- lies on his modified heat treatment and presents his case records to sup- port his stand. Your Non-Stop = Endurance Test --e. No man has ever constructed such a marvelous, complicated ' piece of machinery m3 nature has put inside of his body. No watch is more dell cately adjusted -- each part depend ent on the other. Quite 'unknown to you, most of the time that amazing machine of yours is making its own repairs. Minor adjustments are automatically made. Sometimes, though, outside help is needed -- help from a com petent 'man or a surgeon. Machines that have been run & long, time without inspection, especl- ally those more than forty years old, deserve to have a thorough inspec: tion at least once a year. Give that machine of yours an opportunity to gontinue faithful service, Find out it it needs repairing or tuning up. Beating Disease ,Mule spinners' cancer. which has for generations been the dread of Lancashire cotton spinners has at last béen conquered. Its cause has been traced to the spinner's contact with certain labricating oils as he leans over his machine, and an ef- fective preventive consists of smear- ing over the exposed parts of the body with lanolin and olive ofl be. tore and after work. During the last tew years thousands, of 'experiments have heen conducted by Dr, Twort,, head of the . Cancer Research De- partment at Manchester University, and his brother, Mr. J. M. Twort, of the Manchester Cancer Committee, with a view to discovering lubrica- ting oils which may safely be used on the spinning machines, and the evidence to date points the finger of suspicion at the heavy-oll engines as the greateit oftenders. ' To be cussed seems to be the na. tural state of man. Even the rural presents statistical and pathological Stock Whitefish + In Georgian Bay Toronto--Forty million Whitefish fry are being distributed at the pre. sent time in Georgian Bay from the Ontario Government hatcheries ab Collingwood. H. H. MacKay, director of the Fish Culture. Branch of the Department of Game his Queen's Park office recently after spending three days in superintend- ing the release of the first 25,000,000 of these fry. The area chosen for far north as the Bayfield shoals on the south shore of the Bay. The remaining 16.000,000 fry will be distributed in the next two weeks. DEEP-SEA CABLES AND THEIR REPAIR SHIP The New Yorker ' Down at the foot of Fourteenth Street in Hoboken, We found the cable ship Cyrus W. Fleld, lying ia dry-dock for its annual week's over hauling. This is the boat that repairs Western Union cables in the @rea of trom Newfoundland to Key West, to the depth of a mile. Except that the grappling machine ery at the prow is pretty conspiclous the Field looks much like any other sigle-funnelled 1,200 tonner. Though belonging to Western Union, she's & British-veasel; her home port 1a Hall fax and she carries a crew of British. ers, Newfoundlanders and Canadians, Most of them were ashore for the afternoon, we found--quite naturally this being the one week out of 63 when they're not either at sea or on 24-hour call at Halifax -- but there were 8 few men aboard and, British. like, they invited us to tea. Over & scrubbed oak table we learned some- 'thing about cable repairing. When a cable goes bad, Western Union can tell pretty accurately where the trouble is. If their charts show that the break's beyond the one-mile depth, they notify their deep-sea ship, the Lord, Kelvin, but generally is (cables rest easiest In deepest waters), they call the Field, giving the approximate distance of the break along the line in ohms. (IB ohms is what they said). This is worked out on the ships map to latitude and longitude, and she steams thither. hooks are dropped and the area is slowly dragged, across the line of the cable. A dynamometer at the bow tells when they have caught something which they hope is a wire and it most generally is, though not always the one they want. Off the tip of Newfoundland, a regular cable crossroads, they're likely to raise half a dozen before they find the right one. All cables look alike, mossy, black, and cold, with no distinguishing marks what- ever, and knowing. the right one is someting like knowing your own hat. Once in a while the Field is em- barrassed to find that she's fooling with a cable that doesn't belong to Western Union at all, and for all she knows she may have repaired a few Postal cables accidently. When the cable appears on the surface, two men go over the side in bos'ns' chairs and make the line fast with chains at two points, with some slack between. The slack is dragged aboard and the cable cuut. Then it's tested to shore: If it's posi- tive, the break lies oceanward and, pulling that end of the ad le up on deck and winding it on a huge reel, the Field proceeds slowly along the way. They leave a great bouy float- ing the loose, wagging end. When the break is found it's spliced by the joiner and his mate, who peel off the covering, braze and core, weld, and recover. The cables tested, un- reeled back to the bouy, spliced again there and dropped overboard, as good as new. We learned that lots of things can damage cables. On certain pat- ches of the ocean's bottom, myster- fous strong. chemicals rot them, Ter- edos (marie worms) weake:ied them by building their nests on them, submarine eathquakes are the devil, and so are carelessly drop- ped anchors of fishing schooners. Once, a few years ago, a whale got tangled up in. the line and drowned. The Field had an awful time getting him off. Another time a schooner which had hit an iceberg sank two hundred and fifty fathoms right onto the cable, pdrting it neatly. a half hours to a month, our host told us, and the Field always carries a month's supply of fresh food, and lots of canned stuff, besides. Work is possible only when the sea is calm, and in winter things get pretty difficult, with long spells of tossing around waiting for the wind to drop. Cables have to be grappled under the ice, and things like that, Pre'ty growlinng, we gathe.. Cigarette smoking in Canada con- mail carrier is more cusced for the singla ttlp he missés on a. stormy day than he is blassed for all the trips he makes right on time, tinues to increace. In 1934 the con. sumption of factory.made cigarettes was close to five billon, an increase of 12 per cent, over 1933. 'y ' and Fisheries, returned to AY their release was from Cape Rich as - Ww" "When she arrivees, grappling SA A repair job takes from six and 'rk a TY " A | 8 y aN ES 1 7 i A. { 2 PA I « fl > : €ph ee :}- ll i. > i '> < 3 A -< » \ LS