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: CANADA THE EMPIRE THE WORLD AT LARGE .. CANADA \¥ PHYSICAL FITNESS ¢ ~ A popular columnist says no man -can -be a political leader in this :country unless he has a good pair of lungs, Well, Sir Wilfrid Laurier's 'life was' threatened by tuberculosis when he was a young man and he wai never robust, but he lived to 78 and held the long-distance record for the premiership, with one except: IR 0) al , lon.--London Advertiser. J £3 ; « . CANADA YEAR BOOK 4 Ha Attention .may be called to some ia . special features of the present vol- ; ume of the Canada Year Book. There is" a brief description of Standard : Time and Time Zones in Canada, which is of special interest to those "who travel either in the flesh or by ¢ radio. There will be found a dis- ..cssion cof the Representation Act of 1933 and a special table showing tha populations as in 1931 of each ' 'of the new electoral districts which « will return representatives to Par- Jiament at the approaching general election. "= ' Probably the most extended pres- entation of the results of the Cen- sus qf 1931 that will appear in the ear Book is to be found in Chap- ter IV, wheré Religions are cross- « analysed by racial origin for the first time, and several new classifications are added to the section dealing with ' birthplaces; the chapter closes with i:statistics. of the areas and populat- wp. Jong of countries of the British Em- pire for the years 1911, 1921 and 1931 and of . the countries of the v.world. for 1931. : " id In the Public Finance Chapter ap- pears, for the first time, a' compar- Sy er RA 2 o ne Sr Te ---_ ws LW, Ts a --_ » ' . es,.expenditures, assets and liabilities on the basis agreed upon at the Dominjon-Provincial Conference: of 41983; 'additional material regarding national income. is also included in this . chapter. The Currency and "Banking Chapter includes a descript- * jon of the new Bank orf Canada and "a classification of bank loans: by in- .. dustries and of deposits by amounts. + In the Miscellaneous Administration .. Chapter there appears a 'study of +. liquor control; liquor sales and re- venues arising therefrom. : "The Year Book may be obtained "* from 'the King's Printer, Ottawa, as long as the supply lasts, at the + * prive of $1.50. Ministers of religion, <#hona-fide students and: school teach- ers may obtain copies at the nomi- .7 hal price of 50c each. -- Ottawa :i. Journal. : . .- NATURE'S WONDERS . i. While types of insects devour fruit and seed crops, it depends on others, "particularly all varieties of bees and *" wasps, to make such fruit possible, ¢+ but' it. is their "aid--unconscious, but -"-nane. the less part of the scheme of Natvre--that ensures the pollination «of the flowers as the golden grains "are transferred from one plant to ancther. The tinv lady bird beetle which * ++ .i8 invaluable in destroying the min- ++ ute green aphis infesting the leaves of garden and house plants is but oné of a family of nearly two *" thousand similar beetles working ***:to maintain the balance cf nature. «.-"i-:Catchinz its food entirely on the wing, the dragonfly, whose strue- «. ture closely imitates the design of i .o the biplane, with two sets.of wings si. Dlaced slightly* above the other, sal: - isfies its vecracious appetite with mosquitoes and gnats. While its "habitat is usually semi-stagnant © ™* pools, 'whith, devoid of fish, become a : se hreéding area Jor_such flying midges, 4 many cf the larger dragonflies travel 2 # 2 agdy from the water in their hunt. #8 s.wEmulating the kingbird in their mode : wv of attack, they select some vantage ¢i::post on a branch, remaining motion- i less. except for the slow turning of ide} eir big-eyed heads until some winged tidbit passes. The swift foray pl that follows is nearly 'always suc- «+ ecessful.--Calgary Herald, A 2, + FOOLISH RISKS ia A man who could' not swim dived sooidnto 10 feet of water and was % drowned. . Worse still, he took to a i r., watery grave with him a 17-year. "5 old youth who valiantly attempted a ¥ osoue. } "UA non-swimmer ought always to : _ know -the 'depth-of the water and A Ey 4.4 play safe. There have already been teiifur too: many drowning accidents ss ithis Summer, and for the most part i + Sarglessness has been the cause, As sapAor the case in point, two lives have been lost where there need not and ia I pl have been one.-~Windsor ot hd >t ad % "wn $ : ie 7 . ... AS IT SHOULD BE a Tassie should not be made of 7 he passing from this world of one Who, hag taken the life of hls fellow "-ativer 'analysis of provincial revenu-. publie to know is that the murderer has paid for his crime; that the death penalty has been duly impos- ed and carried out according to law. ~Glielph Mercury. DANGER OF SPEED Authorities estimate that at a speed of 30 miles an hour the car travels 33 feet while the average man's mind reacts to the necessity of pui#ing on the brakes, travels an- other 47 feet before stopping if brakes are in first-class shape and still another 20 feet before stopping if the brakes are only passable. That is a total of 100 feet. If the speed is 60 miles an hour the car travels bo feet while the motorist is thinking of putting on the brakes, another 131 feet with first-class brakes and an additional 67 feet with < passable brakes, a total of 243 feet.--Sault Star. NOT NECESSARY ~ With so much blasting going on at Niagara Falls, the Soo Star advises bridal couples to come to the Sault and"*sce the nine wolves at Bellevue Park. 'But why go so far when you can see lupus at the door?--Kit- chener Record. TOXOID AS A LIFE-SAVER In 1927 there were 95 deaths from diphtheria in Toronto. * By 1933 the number was down to 5. : In 1934 there was not a single death from the discase. This change was brought about by the toxoiding of children, thus im- munizing them against the plague that used to carry them off by the score. In 1935 there have been 3 deaths from diphtheria to date, two of the victims sbeing non-immunized adults and the other a non-immunized child. The record still holds good that, so far as known, there has not been one death among the 120,000 children who have been fully toxoided since 1929.--Toronto Star. MOTION PICTURES Edgar Dale of the Bureau -of 'Educational Research of Ohio State University has studied the themes of 1,500 moving pictures, choosing 500 feature pictures released during each of the three years 1920, 1925 and 1930 by major producing organiz- ations. - . The great bulk of the pictures dealt with the three themes of crime, sex and love. The love theme dominated, although almost as many pictures dealt with crime. The 1930 pictures showed a marked increase over those of 1920 in the percentages of crime and sex. Such subjects as history and travel made a pitifully small showing. Comedy, a minor phase, showed. a steady increase. -- Winnipeg Tribune. THE EMPIRE . A FAMILY AFFAIR On the same day Mr. and Mrs. Matthew Hudson, of Morley, York- shire, will celebrate their golden wedding; their son, Horace, and his wife will celebrate their silver wed- ding; their grandson Leslie will celebrate his twenty-first birthday; and another grandson, Norman Hud- son, will be married. IN DARKEST EUROPE From Siberia to the Rhine dark- ness is complete. There the Press is muzzled, and public opinion 'is in chains. Here, in" Britain, we are free. The hushing up of the truth about the German munitions disaster is an excellent example of Press censor- ship in operation. The censor in Germany is the Minister of Pro- paganda, who, aided by secret police, suppresses not only opinion but also facts. When a newspaper prints all the news he suppresses the news- paper. That happens in all the spoon-fed countries. Mussolini may well gibe at public opinion, which cannot exist without the free and open dissemination of news. Britain's Press is free and must remain so. Newspapers express many shades of opinion, but give all the available facts, on which public opinion is based. It is our strongest bulwark against tyranny. It is the first of our rights, and all other rights "depend on it, Let it go, and we can tear up Magna Charta and Habeas Corpus at once.~--Manchester Sunday Chronicle, 'BRITISH BREAD CHEAPER . ' THAN CANADIAN / The Government can claim that, despite an £18,000,000 bounty spread over three years, the British con- a |Cornwall Census Shows Population Now Stands At 23,000 'Cornwall, Ont--With an Increase | of 868 in the past 12 months, Corn- * | wall's population now stands at 12. 507, according to official figures made « | available by Ovila Larin, assis- tant city treasurer, The total is bas- "| ed upon rolls returned for 1935 by F. B. Brownridge, M.L.A., city asses. sor, The Increase Bince' 1936 has '| been 3,918 or 45 per cent. In 1925 the city' proper contained persons, Although actual figures are not yet available for: the suburbs, it 1s conservatively estimated the combin- ed population of the city and adjoin.: ing 'urban communities {s about 23, 000, : Dominion census figures trace the growth of * Cornwall since 1871 as follows: 1871, 2,033; 1881, 4,468; 1891, 6,805; 1901, 6,704; 1911, 6,689; 1921, 7,419; 1931, 11,126, Increase in the population of Cornwall township over the same period has been as fol. lows: 5,081, 5,436, 6,790, 6,911, 6,074, 6,631 10,930, Establishment in Cornwall in 1926 'of the Canadian plant of Courtaulds Limited marked this city's first major boom-since Cornwall canal was built a century ago. Growth has been ra- pid in the succeeding 10 years, with an average increase of about 375 per 8,689 |. "Great Britain's new air sensation, the pilot-less plane, was re- cently demonstrated over the Royal Air Force Airdrome at Farn: borough, Hants, England. The Queen Bee, as the type is called, re- sponded perfectly to radio operation. : a small wooden cabinet fitted with seven plain white keys.: A pilot' sat in the cockpit during the flight ready to .take over the controls thould anything have gone wrong, but from take-off to landing he did not need to manoeuvre the ship master control in action during the flight of the Queen Bee, 5 The ship was controlled from Here is a view: showing the year is the greatest for any one year | The Week In Ottawa OTTAWA, July,--A note of consti. tutional -reform was sounded by The Premier, it is known, has given considerable thought to the many problems that have confronted the government during the past few years, and In order to adequately deal with these contentious matters, he points out the necessity of a redis- tribution of powers between provin- cial legislatures and the Federal Par- liament, In. other words, a refQrma- tion of the British North America Act would be needed to straighten out Canada's soclal and economic problems which have as Mr, Bennett says, steadily become more ad more matters of national concern, A definite course leading to orderly amendment of the constitution is now being planned by the government fol- lowing conferences with the provin. cial governments. Mr. Bennett indi. cated the government's plan in the following statement: "Recent events and declarations by provincial ministers [ndicate that our constitution must be reformed and amended if we are to be in a position to adequately deal with problems that have arisen during the last few years. We have come to real- lize that social and economic prob- lems have steadily become more and more matters of national concern. Because Canada accepted obligations contained in treaties and conventions to which we subscribed, we were en. abled, in the fleld of social security, to take more forward action at the last session of Parliamnet than was taken by all' previous Parliaments since Confederation. A careful analy- sis, however, of Privy Council deci. sions by competent authorities war- rants the unmistakable conclusion that, in the field not covered by treaties and conventions, no substan. tial advance can be made without reforming and amending the consti. tution, ; "This task cannot he long deferred and is one which 1 propose to under take without delay, after consuita- tion With the provinces, if 1 continue to be responsible for the conduct of government in this country, Obvious- ly so far as we can at present ascer- tain, the provinces are all agreed that the constitution must be amended, Prime Minister Bennett. last week. The only question is as how .far there should be a redistribution: of powers betiveen 'provincial' legislatures: and the Federal Parliament.' - While the majority of members have gone to their homes, the cabin- et is still at work. It met last week and gave some consideration to pro- posals. for work and wages -schemes to repplace.the relief camp system. No definite statement was made after the meeting but it is known that the scheme would involve placement ot large numbers of single unemployed men: on farms. It is suggested that. it the farm wages were not considered high enough a bonus might be paid to the employer to pass on to the labourer, the amount to be no more than that which it cost the govern- ment to keep a man in a relet camp. The Prime Minister has before him the task of filling: Senatorial and pending Cabinet vacancies,. At least half a dozen Cabinet ministers are expected to retire from the political fleld, and rumours have been flying thick and fast as to probable appoin. | tees. There seems to be a very de-| finite opinion that J. Earl Lawson, K.C., member for York West, and Dominion Conservative will enter the Cabinet. Political gos- sipers also have mentioned the names of Speaker Bowman, KErrick F. Willis, M.P. and William G. Ernst, M.P. An early announcement regard- ing Cabinet reorganization is-expect- ed from the Prime Minister. 7 The Conservative party is firing its first election campaign guns in Ontario this week. Meetings are be- ing held in the Royal York Hotel in Toronto on' Tuesday and Friday, All the executives of the central com. mittee of the Federation of Young Canada Conservative Clubs, zone re: presentatives 'and local club presi. dents are attending the first meet- ing, with Gordon Graydon, president of the Federation presiding, Denton Massey, provincial campaign direct or, is leading the discussions. In the evening Mr, Massey's voice is being broadcast over a chain of Ontario stations, At the Friday meeting the president and secertary of every rid- ing association in Ontario, along with either the candidate or the sit- ting 'member are attending a full day's conference. Mr. Massey also is going on the air Friday evening from 10 to0.10.30 o'clock, = ° ' > ober, 1933, figures) was only a third of the price ruling in Germany and half the price ruling in America. But the success of this scheme, easily the most satisfactory of all the measures adopted since the war to aid our farming industry, must not be utilised as a model suitable for sumer is being provided with a cheaper loaf than is available in al- most any other country, including such sources of wheat as the United "men, All that is necessary for the States and Canada, Our bread (Oct- application, without modification, to other forms of produce. The Govern- ment 'intends to adapt it to meat 'imports, and perhaps to dairy pro- duce also. In both of these cases, of course, there are contingencies that - do not arise in the casq of wheat and bread. The success of a, levy-on-im- ports 'scheme obviously depends in the 'last resort on the proportions in which imports of any . commodity stand in. relation' to the home pro- duction.--Glasgow Herald. Sey ; "Some opinions Lara too. silly for any oxcept very learned 'men to hold."'~-Dean Inge. : ' . 43 "crease in both population and as. organizer, | . year. In only one year, 1930, was a decrease recorded, and this was but 134. The increase in the past since 1925. While Cornwall has been increas- ing population the suburbs have more than kept pace, It {s estimat- ed the. suburban population was swelled: by between 2,000 and 3,000 in the last 12 months, bringing the total within a thousand: or 'so of the city population. In the 10-year period the city's assessment has jumped from a total of $7,948,316 In 1926 to $11,109,170 for 1935, an increase of $3,160,855. ; It is a notable fact that the 'in. sessment has been greatest in the past four years, despite the depres- sion. The boost in population be- tween 1932 and 1935 was 2429, with an a:sessment increase for the same period of about $200,000, QUEEN HELEN - Helen Wills Moody has just made one of the most sensational come- backs ever ventured in any sport. After nearly. two hours of play in the final at the Wimbledon champ- ionship. matches, Mrs, Helen Wills Moody came into her own once again to be crowned queen of the tennis world. : : Mrs. Moody has won the British title for her seventh time and in so doing defeated her foremost fellow American rival, Helen Jacobs, There wag no hard feeling between the two as many would think from by- gone reports. Each spoke highly of the other, giving a true sportsman hip atmosphere. PEAT Queen Helen, as many call her, has been absent from the courts for a time on account -of a lame back: Many thought she was through with tennis championships--but no, with plenty of courage she battled her way for the seventh time to win a champ- jonship at Wimbledon and to attain world honoury, 2 : "She has beén seven times Ameri {and the wholesale price | lows: "cent, and May, 10 per cent. The year First Half Of 1933 Bears Out Hope That Country Has Emerged From * pared with June of last imports are down by £3,346,000 ($16,691,200) 6.4 per cent, while exports are up by 3 £794,000 ($3,938,240), or 2:4 - per cent., and re-exports are up by £906,- 000 ($449,376,000) or 29,9 per cent. The 'P'imes, commenting on, these; figures says: : pi "The trade returns for June con- firm Mr. Neville Chamberlain's. state- ment that the outlook remains" dog- gedly cheerful, HOPES BORNE OUT, : The first six months of the year 1935 have more than borne out the earlier hopes that Great Britain had at last emerged from the depression and will during the present year con. tifue to move forward toward a sane and measurable prosperity. Statisticians and economists, per- haps over-careful lest their prophe- sles might "'back-fire" on them, were more cautious in.the late 'months: of 1934, and some of thelr leaders went so far -as to declare that Britain had neared the point of saturation in the increase of business if the domestic field. Events, however, seem to Indicate that their fears were not well founded, for there has been a steady betterment here in al- most every branch of commerce and ndustry and domestic consumption has, at the very lowest, kept pace with the improvement in British ex. ports. ; Financlal experts are today allow- 'ing themselves -to. be ;quoted as..ex- pecting a decided upturn in Britain's business, some of them even risking the term "trade boom, in thelr dis- cussion of 'the outlook for the sec- ond-half of 1936. : Has Statistics' which indicate the grow- ing confidencg of the community: in the prospects for the future are plen.] tiful. For instance the: new. capital issues taken up: by the investing pub- lio for -the period January to the end of May, 1935, totalled £37,200,- 000 as compared with '£2,500,000 "for the whole of 1934, and. since these 'figures were issued there has been a tremendous rush of issues on. the London market, approximating £15, 000,000, practically all of which have been heavily oversubscribed. - In bank clearings there _is-the same healthy tendency shown, Postal res ceipts are rising slowly but steadily index re- mains steady but with indicatfons that a rise is in prospect. ~*~ On the retails trade side there 18 a further encouragement with a steady monthly percentage gain over the comparable months for 1933, a3 fol- February eight per cent; 'March, six per cent; April, seven per 1933 was chosen. for comparison, be=: cause the big holiday perlods in that year approximate those of 1935. Overseas exports from Great Bri- tain for the five. months of 1935 as compared with the same period of 1934 have increase by £14,903,144, and by £30,400,802' it compared with 1933, while the imports have been kept down to the: 1934 level and the adverse balancg:of trade thus reduc- ed by some £14,000,000. °° ~ Bank deposits for the month of May alone reached the figure of £1,- 961,472,000, an increase of £103,282,- 000 over May, 1934. ; One of the most significant signs of the betterment of Britain's con. dition is in the field of new con- struction, whether of dwellings or factories. In . the housing arena, construction seems to have approach- ed a boom, nearly 300,000 new places having been erected and the rate is officially estimated at . nearly 6,000 new places weekly. In the case of factories the report for 1934, the lat. est obtainable, shows that 2,737 new factories were built that year, exclu- 'vated and a feature of the report fs the statement that this new con _struction - has attracted no than 600,000 workers 'into. London .and {ts environs, many of - these from the depressed. areas. of the North, : 10 : ' No Snuff ! Mrs. Mary Ellen McCrea, of Lu- a key witness. in a lawsuit over the Garrett: estate, .is "110 years old, When - interviewed recently she was wearing a white cap and the long dress 'of the old-time mountaineer. There are 6,000 claimants to the huge estate in which a certain Chris- [cerned Mrs. McCrea : says 'he: was born near her home. and -it is upon 'her evidence. that the Virginia base their claims: "My, :I. never thought Chris auld, cause all this uss," she declared... .. hen sokad. to, WhAE fhe contr. buted her longevity, 'Mrs. McCrea can titleholder, and four times Queen of the French courts, She is just as fine a player in doubles. ® ' {replied: "I never smoked or sniffed snuff as so many of my neighbors, :| fore -in -this magazine. He advances 'fine wine distilled down the centur. sive of those reconstructed and reno- | fewer |, ray, Highland County, Va., spoke as| topher Shauffer's birthplace is con-|: ~ en . P. L. A. Monthly, wn! London street names have formed the subject of sundry books and' have afforded material for chapters in many others. It has been left to Mr. E. Stewart Fay to give to this topic a lighter touch and an histori. Depression cal liveliness which put : his "Way Td : | Piccadilly 7--The Story of the Names "7. ~~. |of London" in an enviable positior London.--In June of this year com. | Of its own. - ELE 4 : = 3 JE EP 8 : Ee Mr. Fay, Jdelver Into street:name ; : tradition though he be, candidly ad. & 1 mits the advantages of rational ai. bY hy phiabetical and numerical nomencla- : i ] ture, agreeing that "The functional street name, married to a properly i 8 plannell road-system, begets an ease < of direction-finding which must be 'tested to be believed. If you have +. 'gver had fo find your way about an American city unshepherded you will know what I mean." . Let us browse through Mr. Fay's pages, first noting the correct answer to the title query, "Why Piccadil.: ly?" Some little time before' Queen Elizabeth's reign closed, the region around the spot where Gilbert's Eros stands today belonged to a certain 'Widow Golightly, whose heirs in 1611 gold 1% acres of ground to a success. i ful tailor named Baker who had made a lot of money by exploiting the fashion for a type of stiff, ruffed 'collar called a pickadill. He built himéelf a fine house in the late Wi. dow Golightly's fields and doubtless expected folks would refer to it as Baker's House; but the Cockneys of the time, remembering the change from tailor into gentleman, insisted on calling it Pickadilly Hall. And that -is why we have Piccadilly. fe I' wondered what Mr. Fay would qn say about the odd name Pimlico, of which mention has: been .made be the two standard schools of thought the" one waich pins its belief on the timber ships, from Pamlico = Sound which discharged the'r cargoes ..at - a wharf above where Vauxhall Bridge is now. The other plumps for a Ben } Pimlico who sold potent ale. "There, | then, 'are the two stories.. You pays Saat your money and you" takes your : choice. The sober timberships ap- - pear to have a ba'ance of probabil- - ity' in "their favor." : dip Sbething Lane has a name uncer- tain in origin, and we find a pratty ; passage about . Samuol Pedprs, but, adds our author, "Not.even the shin- x 4 fran ing 'stone of the Port Authority's of. tice, not even the grateful grass plot before the palace, can rceaptere the glamor of it in Pepys' day." The orl gin of St. Mary Axe is set out in an amusing "bedtime. story," and as to . &h its neighbor; "Billiter street 'prov des - i the requisite cooling draught for the : pedant's - inflamed spleen; = here is jes to a heartening me'lowness. Billi- ter has been Bylleter and Belleyeter and: Bellezeter. A" bell-zeter was a bell-founder, and here once dwelt those craftsmen who filled London with sound." : ; Sp ¢learly has Mr. Fay recognized . 'the influence of London's buried riw ers ih giving rise to streets, and.in leaying-. name evidence of their course that he has provided three maps, tracing the Tyburn Brook, the Fleet River, and the Walbrook--all interesting. % ~ . Nowadays estate. agent; and focal councils. tend -to choose rather Nancy Fancy names for new' roads: In af elder London day many street names were actually of the nature of nick names, with no genteel temper.ng to their directness. 'All over the map of eighteenth: century London you can read these candid titles. - Dirty Lanes abounded: Stinking Lane and Blowbladder street turned off New- gate street; there was a Damnation - Alley at Charing Cross, not far from the two taverns. Heaven and Hell, that belonged -to the Ecc'es'as- tical Commissioners and abutted on Westminster Hall," Among. the out- standing oddities is Crooked Usage (though this i3 now covered by .a "(hospital) and Ha-Ha Road across Woolwich Convmon. [talian Renaissance To Inspire Styles For This Autumn: After a British spring and a Hin. . du summer, an Italian renaissance autumn was forcecast at a recent New York showing of advanced cos- tumes made by French designers. The lines and rich colors of the 43 Italian renaissance were prominent 2 vivid, clear red, deep purple, hunter and. olive green, and warm browi were the, favored colors. Foo : Medieval in feeling was an ankle ; : length afternoon and dinner gown ol satin-back: silk crepe in a brownish shade the color of "kitchen soup." Its flowing skirt .was softly draped fo 'front under a twisted girdle, i) 'the bell sleeves were turned bac from the elbow! in deep cuffs, A' hostess gown cut on long, classic lines, wag another example. It wat made of heavy, bright red silk mate. lasse, 'with bright green braid outlin. °F ing the raglan shoulders and form: Ing a twisted girdle, te Dal A 'Another model of Italian renaiss. : ance 'Inspiration was the heavy La k browh silk sheer, with molded bo. : dice, a huge corsage of sllk nastur. ¥ BW [now deadphas done." tiums, and. a nasturium.colored vel. , vet sash, Jag], ii