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rs ccd OF a > 5 LY Commentary on the Highlights of the Week's News . . DEATH DEFERRED--Wild rejoic- Ing marked the Austrian. Nazis' re- ception of Hitler's triumphal march Into Vienna, but while these vocifer- ous ¢elebrations were going on in the b streets of the capital, the country's 800,000 Jews sought frantically to escape over the border, or cowered in their homes. A few of the fugitives succeeded in making a getaway, but it was not long before Nazi soldiers -stationed at border points were stopping all Jews, from leaving the a Next news to come out of Austria was that several prominent Jews had committed suicide rather than face the prospect of Nazi rule. Prof. Wolfgang ~~ Denk, internationally known head of the University of Vi enna's second surgical clinic . and Jonas Borvak, X-ray specialist shot themselves as the Nazification of Au- stria continued under a new slogan: "One blood, one folk, one reich, one fuehrer." ~ The suicide toll already has pass- ed the hundred mark, and will likely go higher as Nazis continue throwing hundreds into prison, depriving the Jews of all civil rights. pe PAUSE FOR THOUGHT---The Eu- ropean cri-is has cased off for the moment leaving us with a short breathing-space before the next cri- sis. _ For a next crisis there will be without a doubt, within the next month, . perhaps, because all the in- gredients are ready mixed. The pot has 'only Mo to a boil. Mean- time we are provided with a chance to think, to act before it is too late. Reason for the pause: Hitler has to have time to digest Austria, con- solidate his new position in Central Europe before going after Czecho- slovakia. To take on Czechoslovakia he would have to throw a major part of his army into the field against the enemy's compact, highly-efficient de- fense forces; he would have to be prepared to fight Russia, too, and "iperhaps France (both allies of Cze- choslovakia).. --_---- DRAMA EO AL estar inter- est than ever is being taken this year in getting ready for the Dominion Drama Festival to be held at /Winni- peg in May. After the regional drama competitions have all been run off, three full-length plays in Eng- lich and one in French will be se- "lected from the Dominion at large, and numerous one-act plays will be admitted as well. A minimum stand- ard of excellence has to be met be- fore contesting groups may compete at Winnipeg. It is indeed encouraging to note that Canadian interest in the drama is increasing. We hdpe the Festival competitions will bring a crop of ris< ing young actors to the fore and get them started on the road. --_--0--, FLOOD CONTROL--VWithin the next two, years, $2,000,000 will be spent on a Jarge scale water conservation and flood control project for the ~.Grand River Valley. The cost of the undertaking is to be borne in a three-way split by the Federal and Ontario Governments and the inter- ested municipalities, mETY Commissioners will be appointed-- two from Kitchener, three .from Brantford, two from Galt and one each from the other benefiting. mu- "nicipalities along the Grand River and its upper tributaries--who will choose a chief engineer to Superin- tend the carrying out of the project. It is hoped. to get engineering work under way by the middle of June. Major operationg inyolve the erec- tion of two dams, one at Waldemar on the upper Grand River, west of Orangeville, and one at Hollen, on the Conestoga River near Drayton. These will hold back the water in spring and-keep it from flooding the region; in summer they will release it into an area that for the past few years has been drought-ridden, --)-- TURN IT DOWN---The United States Government has-.flatly turned down the proposal made by Premier Mit- _ chell Hepburn of Ontario that we ex- port surplus power for the use of American consumers... Washington plainly does not want Ontario's pow- er, especially on a short-term basis, subject to withdrawal. ! } If, however, the Province of On- tario and the Dominion of Canada should bé willing to develop the St. Lawrence waterway for power, the Washington Government would agree to the diversion of the Kenogami River waters via Long Lac into the Great Lakes system. Note: It is unlikely that events will find the Province of Ontario pre- pared to spend millions of dollars on a St. Lawrence waterway project. we () PRESS IN PERIL--Freedom of the Press is in "very real peril," accord- ing to J. A. Spender, distinguished British newspaperman, who, last week told the Institute of Journal- ists in London that "a very few false steps may seriously prejudice the li- berties which are the common cause A---C -the By Elizabeth Eedy of the whole profession," "Freedom of the press "is totally extinguished in one-half of the world, |- and in the other half there are enough enemies of liberty who will gladly seize any 'handle that we may give them," said- Mr. Spender, Highlights Of . Hitler's Career The Past Five Years of His Life Have Been Eventful Ones For Germany And For the World. 1933 January 30.--Appointed chancellor of Germany, October 14, -- Germany leaves the League of Nations and the Disarma- ment Conference. 1934 : June 14.--Meets Premier Mussolini of Italy at Venice. June 30.--7The "blood purge"; incip- fent revolt by. Storm. Troop Leader Ernst Roehm quelled by gunfire. July 26.--Franz von Papen appoint: ed as his special ambassador in Aus- tria, which mourned thé Naz! assass- ination of Chancellor Engelbert Doll- fuss. August 2.--President von Hinden- burg dies; Hitler assumes functions of the president under the title of Reichs-chancellor and Fuehrer: November 28.--Nazl named to head Danzig State. 193 March 16.--Reintroduction of uni- versal military service in Germany. June 18. -- German-British naval agreement concluded. : 1936 } r March 7.--Remilitarization ' of the Rhineland. Hitler's peace offer. July 11.--Restoration of friendly re- lations between Germany and Austria, August 28.--CGerman compulsory mil- itary service extended to two years, October 24, -- Germany recognizes Italy's conquest of Lthiopia. November 14. -- Germany discards limitations of the Versailles Treaty concerning rivers and streams, ) 1937 January 13. -- Hermann Wilhelm Goering goes to Rome for conversa- tions with Il Duce. 1938 February 12,--Hitler summons Chan- cellor Kurt von Schuschnigg of Aus- tria to Berchtesgaden; demands an in- crease in Nazi influence in the Aus- trian Government. - February '15.--Hitler accepts Austrian cabinet, reorganized to in- clude five Nazi-friendly members, March 11.--Hitler Nazifies Austria. T he BOOK SHELF By ELIZABETH EEDY THE BOOK OF BIRDS The first comprehensive work ever published with all major species of birds of Canada and the United States shown in full color has been issued by National. Geographic. Society, Washington, D.C. As well as vivid portraits of 850 birds, this handsome work in two volumes contains. bio- graphies setting forth the characteris: tics of each species of bird, its range, breeding habits and other features of behaviour. Clever migration maps, too, disclose new developments in the study of bird migration through bird- banding. ~The "Book of Birds" brings into the home the many aspects of beauty, mystery and entertaining fact from the far-flung kingdom of birds, is of interest to all nature lovers .as well as to the trained scientific observer. Thirty-seven fascinating articles by outstanding bird 'authorities' make a veritable encyclopedia of bird-lore. A thing of beauty, "The Book of Birds" is also eminently useful. " . National Geographic Society, of Washington, D.C., publishc1 "The 'Book of Birds" at cost ($56). Fd. by Gilbert Grosvenor and Alexander Wetmore, 738 pages, two, volumes, Ontario Mines Topped. Record TORONTO. -- The .Canadian Insti- tute of Mining and Metallurgy in con- vention here heard reports of record mineral production 4n Ontarfo. and Quebec during 'the last year. Ontario mineral production, from all sources, reached $229,938,000, an increase of 24 per cent. in value over 1936, itself a record year, Quebec's bureau of mines in a statement said a new high, $65,089,000, was reached in that prov- ince in 1937, an 'increase of nearly 31 per cent, The Ontario' report said the sea- sonal decline in structural materials and clay products was normal and prospects for 1938 indicate that last year's record might even be exceeded. In Quebec the low ebb in mineral production was reached in 1932, when the total fell to $26,638,000. Stating in 1933 the survey took an upward tara which has since been maintained. "ment. new ays Science Is Changing ~ Our Attit Psychologist Declares That The Past Few Decades Have Seen Our Conceptions of Life on This Universe Turned Upside Down -- New Adjustments: Now To Be Made Scientific advance in the last few decades is turning our world upside down and it would be well for its lea- ders to think about the environmental readjustments necessary to happiness, Dn, Gerald Wendt, of New York, told the Association of Commerce at New York last week. Dr. Wendt, director of the Ameri: can Institute of New York, was draft- ed January 1st to the director of science for the New York World's Fair, 1939. He spoke on 'What Sci- ence Is Doing To Us." After recalling the various basic raw materials necessary to the things we use today and some of the inven- tions they have made possible the Dr. sald: Improve Conditions "My definitifon of science is the best use of the human inté&lligence for improving the conditions under which we live -- that is modifying our environment to our purposes. "We have accomplished this to such an extent that our environment has receded as a problem and so the next generation will have to devote its en- ergies to modifying the social environ- ~ No Longer Combat Nature _ "My grandfather, for Instance, went out to Towa th 1853 and, like thous- ands of other pioneers, came face to face with nature. Today I work in a skyscraper and I live in a skyscraper and I go underground between them, Half the time I do not even know what the weather is. And the only time I come face to face with nature is when I go to a hospital. Otherwise -- and that hasn't happened yet -- I sel- dom encounter nature. "Our contacts, therefore, are slow- ly being reduced to those with othér individuals, and, the energy we once gave to combating native we now ex pend on people. That is where our next task lies -- to adjust ourselves to each other while adjusting science and ourselves." Didn't Need to Write It was revealed recently that a self-made man who had. 29 banking accounts was illiterate and could nob ude To World Engineer Forecasts Speed of 600 M.P.H. Achieven:ent, Anticipated In The Stratosphere WASHINGTON. -- Airplanes which will fly at speeds approaching the corner," an aeronautical engineer told the Society of Automotive Engineers here last week. . @G. T. Lampton, of Williamsport, Pa., declared that 500-mile-an-hour air- planes operating at high altitudes soon will be built and that planes capable of flying 600 miles an hour are con- ceivable. The speed ofsgound is approximately 800 miles an hour. Previous estimates of the ultimate speed of human flight have fixed the figure at somewhere between 475 and 550 miles per hour, In a special high-speed wind tunnel of the national advisory committee for aeronautics at Langley IPleld, Va, speeds of 700 miles per hour can be demonstrated. Tests of model airplanes in this tun- nel have indicated that at speeds in excess of 400 miles an hour a 'shock wave" develops on the wings or nose of an airplane and creates a tremen- dous resistance, thus definitely limit- ing its speed. i Lampton pointed out, however, that his estimates of -specd were based on the assumption high speed airplanes of the future will fly mostly in. the stratosphere where, under rarefied air conditions, the "shock wave" will not appear until very high speeds are reached. Such airplanes would not only im- prove long-range commercial flying, particularly over the oceans, aviation experts pointed out, but would have considerable military advantage {in time of war. It would be possible to reach and attack an objective before a defending force could organize its anti-aircraft batterles. Fossils for Company A scientist recently told a crowd- ed court that he spent nights among the fossils in the British Museum rather than go home and: face his wife. 7 Brazil expects to grow more cot- ton per acre this year than ever be- fore because of mord rigorous seed selection. ' write his 6wn cheques. 4 speed of sound are "just around the- VOICE THE WQRLD AT LARGE > of the =------ CANADA THE EMPIRE fa PRESS CANADA Watch Out! French bombing ane now fly at altitudes of 36,000 feet. In the next war one will not even have the doubt- ful satisfaction of seeing where the bomb comes from before being killed by it--London Ikree Press. Stockings Ard War If ladies' chiffon stockings drop In price within the next few months, we are informed by an enquiring writer, Neal O'Ilara, it'll be because Japan is dumping raw silk stocks on the mar- ket at panic prices to raise war funds that it so desperately needs, St. Thomas Times-Journal, Female of the Species The fact has been noted in Montreal that the women motorists there very seldom appear on charges of infring- ing the traffic laws, One explanation is that they are more careful and bet ter drivers and the other that the female of the species is usually much more charming than the male variety. Brantford lixpositor, Pepping Them Up i A Toronto pastor. where the congre- gational singing had been half-heart- ed, painfully so, is reported to have seclred great results when, prior to the singing of the Doxology at the close of the service, he remarked to his parishioners: "Just imagine you aro singing 'Hail, hail, the gang's all here'." The response was vociferous. -- St. Catharines Standard. Tightening Up On Paroles It will be reassuring to the people of Ontario to know that Attorney-Gen- eral Conant has given his assurance that he will go carefully into any ap- peals for remission of jiil sentences, and that only In exceptional cases will appeals be granted. This assur- ance was given in reply to a request of the Police Association of Ontario and the Chief Constables' Association of Canada. 'The police know better than anybody else the great dangers that lurk in the too-free granting of appeals for parole. With thelr records to guide them, they are unable to es- cape the conclusion that some paroled prisoners persist in living the life of a criminal.--Stratford Beacon-Herald. Refugees From Anti-Nazi Austrians fleéing before the de flocking to various borders in quest the Austro-Swiss line turning back a car of refugees, Nazi Austria Flock to Borders, Seeking Safety Bos 6 anne: of safe havens, wo ad velopment of German ideas in the peaceful conquest of Austria are This Radiophoto shows a Nazi border patrol at Lindau, on while a priest at right is allowed to pass unmolested, » Must Surrender Eskimo Relics To Ottawa--Canadian Scientists, . Archaeologists and" Explorers No Longer Able to Take Away Specimens Without Report. OTTAWA.--No longer 'will sclén~ tists, archaeologists and explorers be able to excavate Eskimo ruins in Can: ada's Northwest Territofies and carry oft what they firrd. New regulations, now effective, re- quire all archaeological specimens to be submitted to the Dominion Govern- ment. Anything required by the Na- tional Museum of Canada will be re- tained and the remainder will be re- turned to the finder only on the con- dition that they be permanently de- posited in some public institution, in Canada or elsewhere, where they will be available for study. Onelitime the rule in archaeological research was "finders keepers." How- ever, the League of Nations set to work and finally recommended to all countries in which excavation work was likely, a standard set of rules," chief aim being to 'ensure to each country the retention of anything dpg up in its own domain it so desired: Permits Needed In 1930, the Council of the North West Territories adopted an ordinance for protection of Eskimo ruins. This required permits from the Commis: sioner of the Territorles for examin. atfon and excavation of archaeological sites and laid down various other reg- ulations which have now been supple: mented by the League of Nations. Alligator in Bed A Prague chambermaid found a live alligator in a bed. She was so scared she lost all power of speech for some hours. It was an Ameri can's pet. ' Sunburn Meter ¢ ATLANTIC CITY.--An ultra-vio- let ray meter may be installed on the beach here next summer so that bath- ers may know when they've had enough sunburn for safety. ; Livestock Shows Definite Increase Higher Egg- Prices May Cause Farmers to Raise More Chick- ens This Spring Production of livestock was definite- ly on the increase in the past year, ac- cording to a report of the Ontario Department of Agriculture last week, which safd that cattle, sheep and lambs were considerably higher now than a year ago. Swine, hens and chickens, however, showed a decrease. The department listed 2,619,200 head of cattle, all classes, in December, 1937, compared with 2,603,000 a year previously. The report added that low prices for eggs in the spring of 1937 combined with high grain prices caused farmers to reduce poultry flocks "to tho lowest level In some years, particularly in northern and eastern Ontario, but with egg prices on the uptrend it was expected far. mers would raise more chickens this spring. THE EMPIRE What Chance For The Jews? What has happened since 1933 to the 500,000 Jews of Germany is dra- matic; it attracted at first the atten- tion of the world, and called forth the solidarity of the Jewish commun- ities for a planned overseas emigra- tion. What is happening to the mill. jons of Jews in Poland, Austria, Hun- gary and Roumania is 1753 dramatic, but more terrible; it Ls so far not attracted the serious attention of the soneral public, bas it evoked In equal measure the solidarity of outside Jewry. The problem is that of over 5.000,000 men, women and childron, fill of energy and the will to live, fa- telligent and talented, who are not only denied the possibility of develop- ing their capacities in their own country, but also increasingly de- privid of the means of existence, and, in a narrowing world, denied the poss- ibility of emigration. Of the 10,000, 000 Jews in Europe, only 3,000,000, who are citizens of the Soviet Union, enjoy ¢quality of opportunity, but without individual or religious free- dom; and 1,000,000 in the Western democratic countries, who enjoy both that opportunity and individual and religious freedom, havp a fair chance xr nov "in life. Of the rest, ov 3,000,000 are in Poland, nearly 1,000,000 in the kingdom of, Greater Roumania, an- other 1,000,000 divided between a re- duced Austria and a reduced Hungary, some 400.000 in Czechoslovakia--who are relatively well off--350,000 in Ger- many, and 250,000 between Latvia, Lithuania and Yugoslavia. They con: stitute an international social prohlem which cannot be solved by philanthro- py alone, or by any efforts of the Jew- ish community alone; but requires the unitad efforts of the nations, such as was made by the States members of {he League when 2,000,000 Greeks in 1922 were uprooted from the Ottoman ampire.- Nineteenth Century And Af- ter (London), News In Review A ER ha AA Jap Lines Badly Shaken CHANGITAL --- Chinese Communist armies in cuerrilla hands are choking Japanese communication lines if hit andrun attacks throughout the vast North China war area. Reports from the North China prov- inces invaded by Japanese troops in- dicated this week that swift Chinese thrusts behind the lines had stalled movement of Japanese reinforcements to the central front. Based in mountainous areas away from railway lines which Japanese have conquered, the Chinese Commun: {sts have struck time and again at iso-- Inted Japanese detachments. A Liberal Returned SARNIA.--kKast Lambton this week remained in the Government column, with Charles O. Fairbank, Reeve of «Petrolia, retaining the seat made va- cant by the death of Milton D. McVi- car. With ten polls out of 123 unre- ported in the Provincial by-election, the Liberal-Progressive had a major: ity of 2,482 over James A. Currie, Con- _servative. a § TT J British-Jap Agreement Expected SHANGHAI --- Unofficial Japanese say that a British-Japanese agreement with regard to China may be reached within a week or so. According to the sources, it may he based on Japan's undertaking to recognize Britain's dominant interests in Central and South China and Britain's recognition of Japan's dominance in North China. Nazis In Brazil RIO DIE JANEIRO. --Efforts by the German government to regain free Nazi cultural activity for Germans in Brazil ran into a blind alley this week. It was ascertained at the Foreign Office that Foreign Minister Oswaldo Aranha has rejected flatly the latest series of representations against Bra- zil's ban on Nazi activities. " Czechoslovakia's Hitlerites PRAHA, Czechoslovakia.--The Nazl Sudeten (Germans under Konrad Hen- lein, who is called the "Czechoslovakia Hitler," became the largest party in Parliament last week-end when the German Agrarian League (distinct from the Czech Agrarian Party) with. drew from the Government. ' The Agrarlans, one of the smaller German minority parties which had supported President Edouard Benes in his efforts to resist Fuehrer Adolt Hitler's "Nazification" of Czechoslo- vakia, withdrew from the Cabinet and merged with Henlein's Sudeten Ger- man party, The surprise move, hailed by Nazis as bringing nearer a German fulfil ment of Bismarck's 60-year-old theory that "the master of Bohemia {is the master of Xurope," gave Henlein forty-nine deputies in the lower Cham- ber of Parliament, . In Plant Growth Scientists Find What Makes Roots Develop AL Vitamin B-1, essential for healthy conditions of human and animal bod- fed, has been found to act as a hor. mone for stimulating root growth in plants with an even more powerful action than is produced by the plant growth hormone, auxin. A group of sclentigts working at the California Institute of Technology, Dr. F. W, Went, Dr. James Bonner, and Dr. C. (. Warner, repost in a communication to "Science" that they were able to of B-1 vitamin, called aneurin, when the plant growth hormone, auxin, failed to produce such results, Cuttings Treated Specially They treated 200 cuttings of the plant leaf Came'lin auxin and thirty of them failed to produce roots. '"welve of these failures were treated with water and twelve with aneurin, Only three roots developed on the water-treated group and sixty-seven vigorous roots developed on the plants receiving aneurin. They also report that certain amino acids, substances that are essential to the maintenance of life in man and animals, are bene- voila ficial in producing root growth in plants. 'They believe that aneurin is * the lhalting factor in plant growth. Used alone it will not produce root growth, but after the process has been initiat- od with auxin the aneurin is necessary farts continuation. Without aneurin no growth of roots is possible. The small amount of this substance that is ordinarily required for growth is pro- duced by the plant in other parts of {ta anatomy. Plan Waterway Without Tides Bg -- -- A} To Be Made of Father Thames In England -- New Barrage Scheme Has It In View. LONDON.--A Thames without tides sounds as incredible as England with. out roast beef. But that's what supe porters of the Thames barrage schema have in mind. The barrage proposal 1s dis. - cussed at a public inquiry opening at the offices of the Port of London Authority, March 29. A Dam 1,500 Feet Long One plan ready for submission to the inquiry, prepared by' J. H. O.. Bunge, engineer, envisages a dam 1.500 fect long across the Thames at "Woolwich. It would have four barge locks and three locks for steamships with causeways permitting road and rail traffic over the river. Above the dam the water level would remain uns changed. Estimated cost' of the pro- ject is $22,500,000, New Dock Space Here are some of the advantages claimed for the barrage idea gy Its promoters:s + Pym It would give London new dock space, 25 miles long. Ships could leave and arrive below the barrage at any state of the tide. On a tideless river a passenger rive erboat service could more easily be established. - i. - A. constant water level above the barrage would cheapen navigating costs by lessening the need for night traffic. : The river would be much cleaner as 80 per cent. of London's sewage 'enters the Thames below the barrage site. PEs # Sundial Made From Obelisk In Public Sauare In Centre of Paris, France PARIS. -- The seventy-five foot obe- lisk in the centre of the Place de la Concorde that once stood in front of a pylon erected by Rameses IT at the Temple of Luxor will become part of a vast sindial. The Municipal Council of Paris has appropriated 5,000 francs to finance the plan, The great Kgyptian obelisks, such as Cleopatra's Needle in London and the smaller one fn Central Park In New York, are believed to have served in olden times as sundials as well as' embellishments of the temples. Each is topped by a pyramidion, the faces of which are inclined at, an angle of 60 degrees, and formerly the pyramid. jons were sheathed in bright metal that caught and reflected the sun's - rays. Government Adds Two million tiny whitefish found a new home in Lake Erie last month sas part of the Ontario game and fisheries department's program to build up the depleted fishing grounds. The fry were taken on board a tug off Port Stanley in large metal containers, being released into the lake a short distance off the harbor entrance. IY Whitefish have been becoming scarce in that part of the lake, al though years ago these were numer ous and constituted a valuable' por- tion of the fishermen's revenues. . produce roots on plant cuttings by use if\