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ie RR iri WA ie < A ¥. . heavy crop. Beds Are Really Of Recent Origin' - Egyptians Were First' to Sleep on Elevated Bedsteads ~Anhclents 'Slept on Ground It has been estimated that the average person spends one-third to one-half of his entire life sleeping, says the Kitchener Record, Sir Robert Borden once said to a hewsgpaper correspondent that he "only required four houts" of sleep a day, during the earlier, hard: est working days of his career, Us- {ng that as a yardstick, most of us* are sleepy heads. Doctors tell us we should sleep elght hours a'day. The custom of sleeping is as an- clent as time, yet beds, as we know them, are of comparatively recent vintage. Originally, a bed consisted of merely a hollowed out place in the earth, With the development of civilization came the inevitable desire for greater comfort. BEgyp-" tians - were probably the first to sleep in elevated bedsteads, They even had mattresses made from dried 'rushes sewn into cloth cov- erings, The Romans copied their bed styles from the Greeks who had open couches, with mattresses of feathers or wool, In turn the Ro- mans _introduged the first real beds into England. So, in step with the slow pro- gress of mankind have come im- provements in sleeping accomwmo- dations. Today the manufacture of beds and mattresses comprises one of Canada's major industries. \ His Father Directs Pacific Coast Defence. Sou of major-General Ri 0. Alexander, who is assuming com- mand of, Canada's new Pacific coast defences Flight-Licuten- ant J. O. Alexander, above, is following the fighting traditions of his family. He is with the Royal Canadian Air Force. Niagara Grape Crop Lighter ; Heavy Yield Last Year Big Reason For Season's" Drop Grapes'in the Niagara district this year will be about a 55 per cent crop only, T. J. Mahony of Hamilton sfated last week. Nev- ertheless the quality of the grapes is excellent. LIGHT CROP FOLLOWS Mr. Mahoney stated that the' resaon the crop is light this year is that the yield of the vineyards last year was more than avérage. Usually a light crop follows a It is better for the vines not to have two heavy crops in succession. : The wet season also contribut- ed to the light crop, But although the season has been late all year the crop is now coming on very swiftly; When" there is a light crop the grapes mature more quickly' then if the vines re-load- ed down,' . WO BARGAINS Mr. Mahoney said that buyers will get no bargains this year. Last year some of the crop was 'not picked up until the prices were depressed. But this year the short- ness of the yield will assure the farmers of a market for all their "grapes, he believed. Boy Liked Dog's Face The Best his is the reaction of an eight-year-old' London (England) boy evacuated from London fo & ¢ountry home, 160 miles away:-- "I like the rian's face, I don't like the woman's face but may- be. it will look better in the morn- ing. I like the dog's face best of all" The boy's impression was cone tained in '4 letter réad by F. W. Ogilvie, director-general of the British Broadcasting Cofpordtion in a broadcast last week, > | ¥ Saving Ontario's Natural Resources: 'NO. 13% LARGE MOUTH BASS While the smal* mouth black. bass is the fish that most anglers want to cateh there is' another bass in our waters that is sought by many. In fact, some anglers prefer the large mouth black bass { and others do not distinguish be- ¢ tweeh the two, lumping them all ; as bass, However, there are two kinds; edth living in its own habi- tat and each readily recognized once the identifying features are known, The large mouth bass likes marshy lakes and slow-flowing rivers. It prefers warmer waters than does the small mouth, be- ing found through to Florida and Lousiana, "it is typically a fish of the lakes, frequenting the soft-bottomed portions where there is a large amount of aquatic vegetation, stumps, logs and brush, I have taken them in num- bers in the Rideau canal above Kingston, where the old stumps of the drowned lands stick above the water, and I have taken them in the shore swamps and the little lily-pond lakes of the Georgian Bay region. THEY EAT SMALL FISH This bass clears a spawning bed over the roots of the vege- tation and here the female de- posits her eggs when she is driven over the nest by the male. He guards the bed and keeps the water in circulation "with his fins, sweeping away the sediment un- til the eggs are hatched. Then he accompanies the swarm of tiny bass for several weeks, protecting them against the ravages of larger fish. For the first few weeks of life these bass live on the minute water fleas but when they reach a length of an inch they turn to other tiny fish for their food. The adult large mouth eats fishes almost exclusively, though they have been known to take frogs, snakes and other water creatures. In the Rideau waters 1 have ob- seived this species considerably, they feed on sunfish to a great extent. I have taken a bluegill as large as the palm of my hand from an old tinier that I caught near. Washburn. We can best conserve these . fish by protecting the adults un- til after July 1st in our watérs, I have. often thought that we should not fish at all before this date, for even if we put back the bass we may catch when we are after sunfish and c¢eappies, we are disturbing the nests, al- lowing hungry enemies to make away with the young fr. When this happens many times in a sea- son the future supply of bass may be endangered. SCOUTING . . . The Boy Scouts of Canada have --~been given a new wartime service-- job. This ig the collecting of used =medicine bottles to augment the supplies 'at military hospitals, The collection is belng made at the re- quest of Lt.-Col. J, S. Jenkins of the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps, at Ottawa. Many thousands of bottles already have been col- lected at Saint John, N.B., London, Ont, Calgary, and Victoria, B.C. When a tran was wrocked near Blue River, B.C, and a number of - soldiers and others injured, two Boy Scout passenger# were prompt ly on the job rendering first ald. The boys, Scouts Jerry Asmussen and "Scotty" Buchanan of North - Battleford, Sask, were themselves slightly injured, but this did not prevent them going at once to the ald of thelr fellow travelers. . That the Boy Scout Association does a bigger work at less expenso than that of any other organization was the declaration of Mayor Mor- rison of Hamilton, Ont., at a meet- ing of the Hamilton Board of Con- trol at which the co-ordination of all local soclal services was discus- sed. Sald the Mayor, "In my opinion the Boy Scouts are doing a bigger and better work than any other organization, and at less expende." ¢ oo 0 In connection with the news of fighting and air ralds along the borders of Kenya Colony in East Africa there has been some con: cern regarding the safety of Lord and Lady Baden-Powell, the World Chief Scout and Chief .Gulde, in retirement on their ranch near Nairobi. Answering this question In a recent Issue, the magasine "The Scout" states: "Kenya is an enormous stretch of territory, and 8 the Chief 1s residing in the south of the Colony. he is hundreds of miles from the scene of fighting. The Chief fs In good health, and we are cecelving copy and skelchés for his page regularly." Greete owns the largest fleet of. {ramp steamers; aftér Great= Brite ain. As 30,000 young Canadians answered the call to military training under the government's compulsory military training scheme, this group of musically-inclined trainees were pictured en route to their new camp in the Toronto 'area. | . man and Russian troops faced | each last port of Galatz as one of the ten- sest situations during the war neared its- crisis. Germany Britons, or Russians, of Ruman- jan oil fields; creasing German plans for a Near East drive Turkey and States, Yugoslavia, trembled at the fate that would be -theirs when next Germany and march. this distance exactly what was happening in the Black Sea and the eastern mors flew Russia was. quietly seizing the Danube ports; that Britain, Rus- _ THE WAR-WEEK--Commentary on Current Events "Will Russian Moves Stop Hitler's Drive To East? Large concentrations of Ger- other across the Danube - week near the Rumanian yet to develop feared bombing by Moscow felt in- alarm over reported across the Dardanelles; the other Balkan Bulgaria, Greece and Italy decided to Hitler Flouts Stalin? _ It was difficult to gauge from Mediterranean. thick and fast: Ru- that that Bulgaria was rapidly going Nazi; that Turkey and Russia were near agreement on a mili- tary alliance to oppose the Axis in the Near East. Whether these reports were lo be given credence or not, one thing was becoming increasingly obvious--that the non-agression pact between Germany and the So. | viet Union soon might not be worth the paper it was written on, now that Hitler had, in his march to the Black Seca, openly flouted SPalin, Germany Takes Risks Would it come to war between the two countries? In the opinion of this column it would not. Ger- many on the one hand, could not afford to take on another major power at such a_moment in the Battle of Britain, (Associated Press' Kirke L. Simpson express- ed the opinion. that "while any doubt of Russia's attitude exists, the Axis mates dare risk no ag- sia, Turkey and Greece were gressive push castward from the joining together to stop further Balkans to threaten Britain's German penetration eastward; hold on the eastern Mediterran- 2 a 2 wise engaged, W Major Warfare Looms in Africa woh BELEIAN Sriaused Ri CONES The clouds of major warfare which have been hovering over Africa for several weeks are quickly lowering as General Maxime Woysand on is busil enfged in Altsmpting; to solidify the French colonies on o side of the ichy government. General Charles de Gaulle who has landed at Duala (2) and taken: over Cameroons for Free enire is like- th the Itallans stalled at Sidi Barrani (3) t have bombed the Italian base at Tobruk. They also bombed the Assab a and Djibuti-Addis Ababa railway (4). The Ital _Aden (5).. The island of M e British ns retaliated by Igidng adagascar, which has thrown in its lot wit the Vichy government, is being blockaded by the British navy (6). © "constant - Nile, Aranco into the war ean . , . Germany cannot over. look the fact that the Russian Air Force would be in a position to batter at the Rumanian oilfields from many close-up bases if pre- sent teunslon results in Russo- Rumanian hostilities. Even un anti-Axis attitude of watchful waiting, on Russia's part would free Turkey to invite British help in repelling a German in- vasion'). Russia's Alternatives Russia, on the other hand, had three alternatives: she could en- courage: Turkey to resist: and offer her all aid short of war; "she could. divide Turkey and the other Balkan states with Ger- many taking the half she wanted; or she could counter-invade Ru. mania at the visk of war with Germany. (The Soviet Army pub- lication Red Star declared that Russia's armies must be kept in mobilized prepared- ness" because of the "tense in. ternational situation'). * * . New Nazi Strategy Authoritative cirdes in Lon- don last week said that Hitler's latest plan seemed to be: to de- liver the main punch into Mus- solini's faltering invasion, of Egypt (a telling blow had been dealt the Italian fleet in the Medi- terranean by the British cruiser, Ajax, which sank three destroyers in a victorious naval angage- ment); to harrass the British Isles with raiders as often and as powerfully as the weather and British defenses permitted; to at- tempt to weaken the flood of war materials from the United States to Britain by getting the United States embroiled in war with Japan. "Time" Newsmagazine," October 14, said: "It seemed certain last week that the war's centre of grav- ity wus tending south; that Germ. any would soon play some taking cards in the Mediterranean area. The worst that could happen would bo everything at once: invasion of Britain, a Spanish-based blow at Gibraltar, a German-supported Blitzkrieg across Egypt to tho Suez Canal, an Italian drive down tho turbulence In the Balkans and a diversion through Turkey, blasts here and there at Perim, Dakar, perhaps at Singapore with the help of the eager little Japan- ese." To End War This Year? It was by no means certain that Adolt Hitler had abandoned his plans to invade the British Isles. Total afr war against the British people had already begun, and if Hitler were, as most experts believ- ed, making one grand effort to win the war this year, the invas- jon attempt would have to come before winter closed down, . Roosevelt Defies Axis Was Hitler not afraid of the en- of Britain's non-belligerent ally, the United States? He might have declded; as tho Kaiser did, that America's par- ticipation, owing to lack of pre- paredness, would have small effect. But what would he make of the transfer of U. S. "flying forlress- es" to Britain, plus torpedo boats plus financial ald for London? Did ho think the elections would hold the U. S. back? Perhaps It was n question of "now or never" with Hitler. = rs In a momentous speech at Day- ton, Ohio, last week, 'President Roosevelt defied the three powers, Germany, Italy and Japan, He pledged a total defense for the Americas, and announced In the boldest terms continued support for Great Britain. Far East Naval Bases As part of its "stop Hitler" pro- gram the Administration at Wash- ington was working to secure nav- al and airbase facilities in South America , , . as part of a "stop Japan" program, U. S. diplomats were believed to be' negotiating with Britain for a string of Far Eastern naval bases from New Zealand to Singapore, In exchango for further war ald. . . Playing Politics? A three-day sensation was creat- ed In Canada by the Charlottetown speech of Conservative House Lead- er R. B. Hanson who let slip the secret information that 10,000 more R. A, F, men (aside from the Com- monwealth Afr Training Plan) were on thelr way to Canada. Premler King was outraged and quite a storm blew up over the incident. a Canada's Week . reasons During the week the Prime Min. ister announced that the House of Commons when it reconvened Nov- ember b would be allowed a debate on intérnational affairs . . . the Government created a Pacific Coast Command under Major-Gen- eral Alexander to coordinate west coast defenses In the face. of the greater Japanese menace , , , it was announced that immediate steps were belug taken jointly by Canhda and the United States to- ward construction. of tho Ioter: national section of the St, Lawr- ence seaway, to assure adequate power for defense production in both countries , , Government circles expressed confidence that there would be » big Increase, per- haps of forty per cent, In the am- ount of bacon purchased here by Great Britain, although the price might fall thereby . . , ropresent. atives from every province came to Ottawa to coordinate Canada's drive for more tourists . . . VOICE OF THE FARMERS' INCOME It is reported that 1,000 farmers fn Canada pay income tax. Well, things are better than, most of us thought. --Fort Erle Times-Review. --0-- - DATE FOR A PLOT Premier King announces that Parliament, called to assemble on November 5, will at once adjourn until January, We trust recent In- dications of 'renewed activity by the Conservative party have not inspired suspicion of a Guy Fawkes plot. --Woodstock Sentinel-Review. . --0-- HAUGHTY JUDGES A prominent Toronto citizen complalng that he was refused entry into an elevator In the City Hall there because It happened to be occupied by a justice of the Su- premo Court of Ontario-snd his escort. It may havo been the same judgo who refused to ride In the motor car which the sheriff had provided for him because he did not consider {ts appearance match- ed his dignity. Some of our judges take themsélves altogether too ser- {ously. -- Brockville Recorder and Times, sy WOMEN ON THE JURY Admission of women to jury duty in Ontario is favored by the Attorney General und in this Mr. Conant will likely find general sup. port, They are not many valid why women should not perform this duty and there are many good reasons for their doing so. Serving on juries is one of the responsibilities that goes with the franchise, and since women In On- tario secured the right to voto In 1917 it is time that the question of jury duty was favorably settled. --Toronto Star. COL. H. S. G. LETSON, M.C, Whe has been appointed Military Attache to the Canadian Lega- tion in Washington. Before his appointmefit to the new post, Col. Letson was Commandant of the Vancouver Area. Four-Legged Whales The whale is a mammal, not a fish. This is proved by the hairs round the muzzle -- something no fish can possess--and also by the fact that its paddle is quite unlike the fin of a fish; indeed its more like the human hand with - rows of bones like those of our fingers and thumbs. At one time whales had four legs, but gradu- ally the hind two disappeared completely and the front ones turned into paddles. Aik fo» BEE HIVE LIFE'S LIKE THAT 4 CCN 4 1/170 ami % (Copyright, 198, by Fred en Ar sf ne RN N RAN TRE a ZZ : n/C7 = Nn (a=) SANNA Lv g N\ "We'll take your old car and you pay the rest just like alimony ! I": 00 YOU FELLERS REG'LAR FELLERS -- One Side, Please WE MOST CERTAINY 00, SIR # WHAT 18 IT YOU WISH P if I LOST A QUARTER UP ON PINEAPPLE AVENOO AN' IM OFFERIN' A REWARD = By GENE BYRNES . DuGan | : TEDITTER * To : wu ; a Peo PSR I rE Co ot ' OP5, ,