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i " a - Chess--A Real Battle In Miniature rr Modern chess is she logical aad Bneal decendant of a -game- played in India in the sixth century. The trail of chess leads back to about A.D. 500. There we strike a barrier 'behind which historical research has not penetrated. . ... : . When the game first entered the ages of history, it was called ai and was played in west- ern India. Then, as now, the board was made up of sixty-four squares, eight by eight. The chessmen rep: resented an Indian army aid the "name was derived from a Sanskrit word for "armw" . _- In the battle line of the Sanskrit army, the chariots were posted on thie flanks, while the king and his prime minister - stationed . them- selves-in- the protected and import ant centre of the line. The cavalry were also deployed on the -flanks, but nearer the centre to permit fast wheeling-in movements. The lumbering elephants were stationed just off centre. This is the tradi- tional battle line of all armies--and' for that matter, of a football team, +300. Speed on the flanks, power in the centre. Finally the foot sol- diers were ranked in the front line, then, as now, bearing the brunt of battle. Sh : Thus Chaturanga was an- effigy of a battle, with opposing "armies glaring at each other across a neutral no-man's land, a front line of foot soldiers, a rear line with . heavy arms onthe flanks, the lead- ers in the centre. The. analogy to battle went further, for the moves ol the pieces varied according to their tactical strength. The king, a weak offensive piece, packing little power. in himself, yet. invaluable, sequiring constant protection. The fafantry soldier who could plod slong, one step at a time, with-- pow and then--a chance to effect a edpture by a thrust of his spear to © - the right or left, The counsellor (sow the queen) always hovering sear Ms sovereign and like him, mot much of an offensive figliter. (Unt modern times, the queen eould move only one space at a, "dime. )--from . "A Short History of Chess" by Henry -A, Davidson.' 'Drills Teeth With Stream of Gas Dr. Robert B. Black, a dentist, somes forward with a method of drilling teeth which he originated ~in-1942 but which-he has now great- ly improved. The new process re-- duces and eliminates heat, pressure, '_wibration and the noise associated with cutting a tooth and preparing it for a filling: Thé patient in the hair is no longer subject to the tor- ment of drilling. 4 ~~Dr. Black -does his excavating. - with a fine abrasive powder (alum- num oxide) in a stream of carbon dioxide gas at sixty to seventy pounds pressure. The amount of abrasive. is regulated by an electron- ic device, The mixture is delivered through a neoprene tube to a hand- piéce which resembles--a- fountain pen in size and shape and terminates in a small tungsten carbide nozzle, When the aluminum oxide particles pass through the nozzle they es- cape, hghly focused, at ultrasonic- speed. : The flow of the stream is con- trolled electrically by thé foot. Any area of the tooth against which this stream is directed is rapidly cut away and the debris removed, to- gether with the abrasive, by a suc- tion"device. This technique prevents particles from entering the lungs, The cutting action is nicely con- trolled and is free from the usual pressure, heat and vibration asso- ciated with metal tools. Dr Black says that the "airdent," as it is call- ed, demands more skill in its mani- pulation than do the usual instru- ments, but when that skill is ac- quired it is easier to clean out a cavity than with a drill;- Good Old Way Too Burrs and stones will never be completely eliminated because from 10 to 20 per cent of the finishing work on gold inlays and jacket crowns will still have to be done with either hand instruments or the rofary cutting devices, There also will be a sorall percentage of cases where vision of the cavity will not ~be good enough or where a rubber dam or ghard cannot be, placed around the tooth to keep th eabra- sive material out of the mouth, Be- sides, instruments will have to be used to make angular recesses in teeth. The "airdent" makes only round holes. LEY . A patient occasionally feels a seén- sation which he describes" as a "tickle," or says fhat the sensation is like that produced by a stream of air directed ifito an open cavity. No patient has so far complained of discomfort comparable to that caused by burrs and stones (the rotary type 'of insfruments). 7 3 Sint --W.K. a ra] 7 ATE. UP THE PROFITS "The yorst crop failure '1 ever saw was back in "98," said the old: "timer. "The corn crop that year was almost nothing. One day Mother cooked some for dinner and Father, ate 14 acres at one Sitting." How It Works | oF 4 MURRY!. ONLY TWO 'MORE LEFT The last two of a big Htter of 'kittens at the home of Elmer Gifford, wait patiently for .a passing' * motorist to. pick them up 'and take" them to a new home, Gifford had no trouble disposing - of the whole CAamily thanks to the sign and the pleading looks on the faces of the kittens. - i > o "To a greater. extent than most athletes, wrestlers have---their, ups and downs, both professionally and financially. Right now, we are happy to say, some three thousand or so huge men actively engaged in the wreatling game are looking forward to their most profitable season in 20 years: And that "we are happy to say" was not written with fingers 'erossed or tongue in. cheek either, 8s we are extremely fond of pro- fessional grapplers, both individually .and as a class, even though we seldom get around to seeing: them ja action these days. » * Lu Faust a few years back you could count the profitable: 'wrestling eentres im Canada and the United States on your fingers, and have a few left over at that. But now erowds of eash customers number- jag from 10,000 to 15,000 are not unusual, even In eomparatively small towns. ' na » » * The principal reason for this sud- ~ den outburst of popularity seems to be_television -- for video viewers, who mot only get a closeup picture of the grimaces and contortions, but also an intimate earful of the groans and grunts, have gone for wrestlers jm a large manner; and it js reported" Turnabout -- When photo- - graphars lined 3 in the White ouse to snap President Tru- man opening the annual Christ- - mas Seal Drive, the Prosilent pulled out this miniature camera and focused it on the cameramen, 'I can really take care of you fellows now." he said, ., : 0R A SixaiT CR | George with his a that the perfumed fan mail received by some of the more "horrendous performers-is coming to equal .that of a popular moaning baritone or' tearful tenor, radio variety. * * * Feature writers for some of the big-circulation magazines have been taking the wrestlers apart and try- ing to find out what makes them tick -- the latest of these being Sam Boal, in" the New York Sunday Times magazine. Mr, Boal's 'picture of the wrestlers themselves is neither intimate or very revealing. "He studied", the editorial blurb states, '"'wrestlers at ringside and over television at a number of pri- vate and public houses." And this, you may take it-from one in-a posi- tion to know, is no method at all of getting the real low-down on the - 'wrestler as an individugl. - * > * -However, some of Mr. Boals observations - are of considerable interest. "A wrestling show doesn't reveal a great deal about wrestlers," --he- states, "but-it does-reveal a very eat deal about the audience. eople burst out in real anger as the villain of the piece apparently o . is crunching the hero's neck to bits, Women who would normally be as and cry out wild curses at wrestlers, gentle as lambs, shake their fists "Others mutter at them -as they enter and leave the ring.- And in homes, . families sit before their TV sets, 'completely enchanted." > * * Yet how, Boal wants to know, could anyone over the age of 12 _believe in such a figure as Gorgeous re platinum hair, scarlet and golden robe, his English butler and -the atomizer with which his corner 'is- hygienically sprayed before the show? Or the Gorilla, who is wheeled to the ring in an enormous cage whose bars he rattles _with_roars-of-tortured-rage?--Or-the-- wrestler 'billed as the Bat, whose wrestling tefhnique consists in flailing his_arms up and down like wings and who appears to be about to suck the blood of his victims, as a vampire is supposed to do? * * * The article also mentions Mute ~ Mike, who purports to be deaf and dumb and signals to the referee in deaf-and-dumb language, and points helplessly at his mouth_%o..indicate that he cannot howl in. protest "at the terrible agony his opponent is causing him. Also "Mr. America", a nobly handsome youh, now the reigning favorite with the bobby soxers, who swoon when they meet him, "just as they once did on en- ah EIR EH Playing In Japan--Frank "Lefty" O'Doul, manager of [3 the San Francisco Seals baseball team, now touring Japan, shakes hands with Prince Akihito and Prince Masahito before a Tokyo game with the Eastern All-Stars of the Japan Professional League. The Seals, who have won evefy game of their exHlibition, shut out the Japanese club 40. sountering Frankie Sinatra "er Mel Torme. $80.8 "Boal tells of the two questions ¢: ntinually put te wrestlers by their fans -- then, himself, tries to give - "the answers, the latter making -- well, about as much. sense as most stuff written about wrestlers, * The two questions 'are: Does all that _ punishment really hurt? --and -- Is + every wrestling match fixed? ~~ £0 * * "In generdl, those dolorous moans coming * from a wrestler are. mot - caused by pain, any more than. the moans of an actor playing Richard the Third are caused by real pain. If either wrestler or actor suffered as much-as-he appears to be doing, neither could last a week. That ghastly thump- the audience hears when a wrestler is thrown over' . another wrestler's head, doesn't kill him, as might seém. certain. On the other hand, it isn't exactly a caress. | The wrestler simply knows how to- hit the deck. His feet hit first, mak- ing the principal noise, and then his - shoulders hit. : * * * His head never hits, unless he makes a mistake, in which case he . could be seriously: hurt. As it is, a broken ankle from just such.a performance is by n¢ means un- common. The fact is that if a wrestler picked an untrained man from the audience and hurled him to the floor, maybe that man would get up again and maybe he wouldn't. Wrestlers do get broken ribs, lacer- .ated ears and other wounds, but these may be regarded as industrial accidents. : . * * * Li general, wrestlers do not inten- tionally hurt each other. They don't try to, moreover, because they can't afford to." Some wrestlers may work as many as six shows a week, so it stands to reason they have to 'be reasonably certain they will wind up a given show more or less in one 'piece. Some of the wrestling holds which 'appear positively gruesome are almost gentle. And if, by chance, a wrestler is really being hurt by another, he uses a signal that is universal - in - the business. The squeezes hjs opponent's arm or leg with two rapid motions and the painful hold is relaxed instantly. * * * We went along pretty much in. agreement with Mr. Boal so far in his article, but when he .attempted to answer his second question, we thought he skidded slightly off the rails. "The only honest answer to the 'question, "Are "all wrestling bouts fixed?" he says, is 'Yes and no' Many wrestling matches are planned, but some are not. The wrestlers in the preliminary bouts -get_the same money, win; lose or - draw. Often they are told who is going to win, and specifically by what hold." * * x Then he goes on: "It is in the big | that_the fixes do not-apply so gen- erally. This is not a moral issue, ° but an economic one. A case jn point is Primo Carnera, who up until a few months ago, made so much money out of wrestliig that he cannot be compared with any- one else. Carnera was such a suc- cess because of his size and also because of his skill. He drew huge "crowds 'and naturally shared much more of the profits than a less pop- ular man. As of May'20, 1949, Car- nera had never lost a show. He had won 321 bouts,. an -unequalled record. On that night, however, he --wréstled_with-Antonio-Rocca-- the-- current sensation of the sport. Rocca beat him. Since that time Carnera's earnings have decreas¢d -consider- ably because fans know he was beaten." ? : hs --% * But in_his next paragraph - Mr. Boal shows signs that he should have -- in order to get a real under- standing of wrestling -- got a mite closer to. the core of matters than a televison screen or even a ring- side. "It was obviously to Carnera's disadvantage to lose. Yet he did lose and it cost him a lot of money. Would Carnera have taken orders from somebody to lose when he knew that his position as a drawing card would give him the power to - refuse?" : * * * Mr. Boal obviously thinks that the answer to this is a loud and "ringing "No". We would hate to disillusion even a sports expert, but we might just gently hint to him that Primo Carnrera, besides being a wrestler, knows the value of a dellar. And he knows that plenty of bouts, even at a reduced figure per appearance, will buy far more macaroni and spaghetti than sitting idly on the sidelines, getting' no bouts at all. _ 48 3y '|'December, January or February, bouts, with names that draw crowds, | [we Ronin CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING BABY CMIOES ~ BABY CHICK BUYERS, By ordering your 1960 baby chicks now, you guarantee your- self delivery date and also ebtein:an early order discount. All breeders are government banded and pullorum-tested. -Write for our 1950 catalogue and price list. Monkton Poultry | Farms, Monkton, Ontarld, . ~*~. = EARLY HATCHED chicks--December, -Janu- | ary and February hatched will make. you more money in 1350 than later hatched chicks, You will'not only make extra money but you will shve money: if you take your chicks in A Send for early delivery price list. Also" gurkey poults and broiler chicks, Free catalogue. "Tweddle Chick Hatcherles Limited, Fergus, Ontario. LAYING and ready to lay pullets. for finme- diate dellvery. Pure breeds and cross breeds. Free catalogue, Tweddle Chick Hatcheries '| Limited, Fergus, Ontario. * as. WANTED to purchase laying and ready to lay' pullets. Apploy Box No. 12, 123--18th 8t,, New Toronto. B FOR A GREAT year order early. Hens: that lay more and bigger eggs when egg prices are high turn in nfbre than half agaln as many dollars to yous Also turkey poults,-lay- ing and ready to lay pullets, broiler chjcks. Free catalogue. _Top- Notch Chick . Sales, Guelph; Ontario. : BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES | | AN OFFER to every inventor--List of (nven- tions and full Information sent free. The Ramsay Co. Reglstered Patent Attorneys. 273 Bank Street, Ottawa DEVELOPING SENSATIONAL This ad is valuable. Any S-exposure roll de- veloped and "a "Double-size deckle-edge" en- largentent from each' negative all: for 28c. Send this:-ad 'with roll -and get #pecial price. Regular price 3bc, - Only one to a customer, Photo Research Lab., Depar rawer 370, Regina, Saskatchewan DYEING AND CLEANING "YOU anything tneeds dyeing or clean ing? Write to us for Anformation. We are glag- to answer your questions. Department H, Parker's Dye Works Limited. 791 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario. EMPLOYMENT WANTED: FARMERS. secure farm labour for: svring: Experienced studied or practical farm labour, families and single will bs available for you 'when needed. Contact Latvian Rellef Association, 320 Bay Street. Room 1304, To- ronto," Ont. HAJ FOR SALE iT? 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