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retary. , The Oshawa Daily Times is a member of the Cana. dian Press, the Canadian Daily Newspapers' As- sociation, The Ontario Provincial Dailies and the Audit Bureau of Circulations. 3 SUBSCRIPTION RATES coatiile Delivered by carrier, 10¢c a week. By outside "Oshawa carrier delivety limits), in the Counties of Ontaris, Durham and Northumberland, $3.00 a year; elsewhere in Canada, $4.00 a year; United States, $5.00 a year. TORONTO OFFICE 407 Bond Building, 66 Temperance Street, Telephone Adelaide 0107. H. D. Tresidder, representative. REPRESENTATIVES INU, S. Powers and Stone, Inca New York and Chicago. TUESDAY, MAY: 21,.1929 AGGRESSIVE OSHAWA It is always interesting to find out how our com- munity is regarded by the people of other centres, to know what the estimation of the outside world is of the place in which we live. In this respect, Osh- awa is fortunate, for wherever one travels through- out Ontario, it is to find that there is just a feeling "of envy of the progress which has been made by this city in the last few years. . Sometimes, however, there is more than envy. For instance, a recent issue of the Brantford Expositor, pays an editorial tribute to this city, and recognizes it as one of the most go-ahead communities of On» tario. And, as it is not wise to hide one's light under a bushel, nor to be unduly modest where the praises of others are concerned, The Times is glad to repro- duce here the comment of our Brantford contemp- orary, as follows: "Other urban centres in Ontario have observed with considerable interest: the remarkable pro- gress made by Oshawa in recent years. From a comparatively quiet town it has steadily expand- ed until it has become one of the foremost in- dustrial' cefitres in 'the province. At the pre- sent time, according to The Oshawa Times, it is laying plans for a bigger and more prosperous city than ever. On June 15, it is to vote on two - by-laws that re manifestly in the public in- terest. One of these is a by-law to provide for a local public usilities commission and for the purchase of power by that commission from the Ontario Hydro-Blectric system. The scheme also involves, the taking over of the present hydro and gas systems. Other Ontario municipalities have found such great advantage in linking up with the Ontario Hydro-Electric system that the citizens of Oshawa desire to join this movement. "The second by-law is a proposal to raise $30,- 000 by the issuing of debentures for thé purpose of acquiring land to be set aside as an indus. trial area. The Chamber of Commerce and the city's industrial commissioner, says. The Times, after exhaustive study of the situation, and af- ter dealing with some thirty-six prospective im- dustries for the city, have come to the conclu- sion that an industrial area on which small fac- tory buildings can be erected is an absolute ne- cessity if the city is to make the industrial pro- gress of which it is capable. The by-law is simply an enabling measure and, when the op- portunity of locating an industry arises, land will be provided on which the industry can lo- cate its plant. The citizens at Oshawa are evi- dently determined to push forward the industrial expansion of their city. "In the keen competition that exists in the ac- quisition of industries, those cities have the ad- vantage which have active publicity agents and energetic industrial commissioners. A few years ago, in Brantford, what was designated an, in- . dustrial realty company was formed, the bonds of which were guaranteed by the City Council, for the purpose of acquiring sites and erecting plants for industries that desired to locate in the city, This organization had considerable suc- cess, but in recent years has practically ceased to exist. Oshawa is a young city, but it certainly shows all the signs of an active and energetic industrial centre, and other cities will not be- grudge it the success which accompanies its ef- forts." A GOOD COMMITTEE Premier Ferguson is to be complimented with the seriousness with which he has undertaken the task of organizing the Ontario Research Foundation. This' is apparent in the personnel of the advisory committee which he appointed a few days ago. It is an im- posing body of men who, in their own spheres of life, have achieved considerable success, either 4s in- dustrialists, professional men or agriculturists. Their standing in the life of the province is. a_ sufficient guarantee that the advisory body will be no puppet committee, but will face with a desire to give thought- ful attention to the organizing of the work of indus- trial research in the province. i Industrial research has become one of the founda- tion stones of progress in modern industry, and manus facturers are more and more realizing its value. That its worth is recognized is shown in the fact that about $2,000,000 have been subscribed by firms and citizens of Ontario towards the Ontario Research Foundation, and the government, by paying dollar for dollar with those interested, has provided a fund of close to $4,- 000,000 for this purpose. / With this backing, and with a committee of men of so high a type, men of the type which the people of Oshawa and district will recognize in George W. McLaughlin and W. A. Dryden, who have been ap- pointed to the committee, the foundation should be able to accomplish great things for Ontario industry. EXTERMINATION OF WEEDS One of the outstanding features of the regime of the Hon. J. S. Martin as minister of agriculture has been the determination with which he has pursued a campaign for exterminating weeds on the farms and . along the roadsides of Ontario, As a practical farmer, THE OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, TUESDAY, MAY 21, 1929 Mr. Martin early learned 'how ostly ds © { how they ruined crops thatwbuld otherwise be profits "able, and how great a logs th & "1 10 the farmers of Ontario, * ? | Mr Martin has adopted various measures towards. the end of extermination of weeds, | A few years ago _ an act was passed providing for the appois ment of icipal weed inspectors, with powers to enforce the. | 'been a success, Local conditions and friendships. in many cases militated against its enfore and'it | has become apparent that many types of weells, and . particularly sow thistles, were gaining the upper hand. Now an even: more drastic method has been ap- pointed. Two men have- been-appointed as provincial . weed inspectors, one for eastern Ontario and one for Western Ontario, It will be their duty to travel } their districts, and to see that the municipal inspecors are doing their work properly. It is strange that compulsion should be necessary in a matter of this kind. One would imagine that the loss caused by, the choking of crops by weeds would be sufficient to impel every farmer to clean up his property. There are, unfortunately, too many slovenly and careless farmers who are satisfied to let things drift, and who" are not putting forth much effort to curb the weed menace. It is against these that the inspectors will have to take action, because there is little use of the good farmer getting rid of thé weeds on his own farm if his neighbour lets them flourish to produce seed which will infest the whole neighbourhood. ' WIFE DESERTERS 4 One of the great causes -of poverty-stricken fami- lies, of want and suffering in Ontario cities is thes ' manner in which some men desert their homes and families, and leave them to be cared for by relief' and charity organizations, This question came in. for some discussion at a conference of the Association of Ontario Children's Aid Societies in Toronto last week, when Inspector McKinney of the morality department' of the Toronto Police Force scored the laxity in pun- ishment of wife-deserters. Inspector McKinney, after years of experience with such cases, has come to the conclusion that wife- deserters are allowed to escape too easily by being given the ordinary type of punishment in a jail or jail farm. "Why should these men be allowed to live in luxury and ease at the jail farm while their families nearly starve?" he asked. "I wouldn't mind spending my vacation at the farm. We are getting to be a whining lot in this country. When a man is going to be whipped he goes crying' to the government because his skin is going to be hurt. Why should these dastardly fellows be, given sympathy which they do not deserve?" ' These may be hard words, but they probably fit the case. The man who is so lost to a sense of responsibility as to desert his wife and children, whom he has sworn to love and cherish, and whom it is his natural duty as a father to support, then he is deserving of little consideration. In the relief work done 'in Oshawa last Winter, it was found that much of the poverty which had to be relieved was caused by a large number of cases in which the wage-carner deserted his family, or in which the parents separated without any provision being made for the maintenance of the children. It is sad that it should be so in a community like this pro- gressive city, and the only way that things of that kind can be prevented is by impressing parents with the seriousness of neglect of their families, so that they may at least respect the law and carry out the duties and responsibilities which are theirs, EDITORIAL NOTES. The exactitude of the crease in a pair of trousers is no indication of the amount of money in their pockets, Qualified observers say that the British election is a complete puzzle. But we won't have long now to wait for the answer, ------------ Women are said to he beating men in the matter of saving money. But then the men do not expect women to spend money on .them, Canadians are paying income tax at the rate of a million dollars a week. There is nothing. wrong with a country which has incomes to justify that rate of payments. An advertisement gives the information that the cost of cremation is now exceptionally low, Yet there is not likely to be any great rush of bargain- hunting customers, « Other Editors' Comment - STEPS TO PREVENT WAR (New York Times.) So long as it is the conviction of sober states- men that a generation must pass before there can be a possibility of another such conflagration it is more and more coming to seem the part of wisdom that steps should be taken in the interval in order to make sure that the world will never be set on fire again. WHO INVITED IT? (Toronto Mail and Empire) Whe invented the automobile? The notion that the inventor was Henry Ford or Thomas Edison is widely spread on this continent. But in Ger- Qany they give the credit to Gottlieb Daimler and arl Benz, the later of whom has just died. France recognized Panhard and Lavassor as the inventors, and there was an Englishman named Butler who built an internal combustion engine in 1885. The truth is that the motor car had no single inventor, but was the product of half a dozen inventions lacking any of which the motor car would not have come into existence. | - « Bits of Verse - - | HOW MANY DREAMS How many dreams for a penny? Dreams are poor fare for many. "Flour and salt," said the grocer, "Herring and dills--" : In a purple fen the firefllies hover around 3 'silver lotus, "Dreams pay no bills," "Clover and corn," said the farmer, Horses and kine--" Riphles of 'silver sequins Ey soll case the drowsy pools unwinkling amber eyes "Dreams feed na swine." How many dveams for a penny Dreams are poor fare for many. ~Maud E. Uschold, in The Saturday Review of ql + pp ------ his a A n EE i i ii y-- le up of weedy farms. But the measure has not '[| -------- PR The British Labour Party General Election Article Nout a Y LABOUR PARTY AND LOCAL hh by: A RT. HON. ARTHUR HENDERSON, M.P. Arrangement with Anglo-American Newspaper Service) A '(Copyright--By » Qur system of local government was described for- ty years ago as a haos of areas, a chaos of authori- ties, and a chaos f rates." It has been, like every other political in- stitution, the pro- duct of the pro- cesses of growth and change. yg the most part it Arthur Henderso: has developed in an unplanned and unsystematic 'manner, without any clear guiding principle. = The Acts of Parliament which called into existence the Poor Law Unions and the Boards of Guardians in 1834, the Municipal Corporations in 1835, the Urban and Rural sanitary districts in 1872, and the County Councils in 1888 (to name only outstanding events in local government history), were designed to meet immediate needs; but there has been also a mass of upon the local public authorities from time to time new functions and re- sponsibilities of the most far-reach- ing character. Growth of population, changes in the distribution of indus- try, more rapid means of transitand transport, have at the same time con- spired to modify local conditions. And the result is that the state of chavs in local government described forty years ago has continued to the pres- ent day without any serious attempt at reform, Reforms on Programs Each of the political parties, there- fore, has placed the reform of local government on its programme, as an obligation long overdue. 1 propose here to state the Labour's Party po- licy on this question. It is necessary, however, at the outset to say that an exposition of party policy in relation to local government is complicated by That By James LET YOUR CHILD'S BACK BE EXAMINED One 'of the difficulties that faces the school physician sometimes is the unwillingness of the parents to have their children remove their clothing during" the examination: Now you can seadily see that while throat, nose, eye, and ear conditions can be learned, that the physician cannot find out the condition of heart, lungs, and spinal column. A little curvature of the spine discovered at the school age, can, by properly directed exercise, be brought into a straight line, and the young- ster's health and appearance thereby improved, In former days before the use of the X-rays became general, there were cases of spinal curvature that seemed to resist all efforts to "cor- rect them. the physician the exact position and condition of the bones of the spine. By pulling the patient's body as straight as possible and pulling on arms and legs by means of weights, the exact shape of the little bones the spinal column can be straightened by extending: the body in this wat: then the physician knows that by gymnastics and mas- sage he can straighten the spine and remove the curvature, However as Dr. K. Gangele points out, no matter how severe the con- dition, that is where there is this un- eveness of one of the bones, the curvature can be prevented from be- coming worse by continued nas- tics, massage, and supporting ap- paratus. So give permission td your young- ster to allow the school physician to examine the spinal column with the clothes off. #ie If the spine is straight, so much the better, If there is a curvature the treatment, begun in the school age, will not only straighten the spine if it is a simple curvature, but even with the severe type the child will be so helped that the curvature will be scarcely noticeable. Further, if treatment is neglected until the youngster is nearing man- hood or womanhood it may be im- pdssible to help the condition, and you will feel badly to think that you did not do all that was possible for your child, when treatment would have prevented the deformity. : (Registered in accordance with the opyright Act). | THE SECOND TEST--Then the devil saith unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down; for it is written, He shall give his angels charge concerning thee: and in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone. Jesus said unto him, It is written again, Thou shalt not tempt 'the Lord thy God.--Matthew 4:6, 7. PRAYER--""The desert 'Thy temptations konw. Thy conflict ai - and Thy victory too." For| th social legislation which has imposed| Now however the X-ray will show the action of the Conservative Gov- ernment in introducing at the' eley- enth hour a Bill dealing with the stib- ject in a way that the Labour Party at any rate regards as hasty, ill-coue sidered, and precipitate, If there is one legislative problem more than another which requires to be dealt with in a careful and un- hurried manner, with ample oppor- tunity of considering its complexi- ties, it is this problem Jf local gov- ernment reform. It is dealt with in e Government's Bill as an incidental consequence of the plan to relieve roductive industry of the burden of ocal rates. In giving cffect to the de-rating proposals, the Minister of Health found it necessary to alter the functions and powers of local au- thorities; but this is a very different matter from effecting the permanent regeneration of our system of local vernment by means of a compre- ensive and carefully thought-out po- licy by which the large number of local authorities that now exist can be recognised and their work laid out on a scientific, co-ordinated plan, : Lack of System The fundamental fact about our present system, or lack of system, is that there are today a large number of different pyblic ies with vary- ing powers and responsibilities, whose functions frequently overlap, and whose work is carried on within very inexactly delimited spheres, on the settled principl f administration, and with little or no co-ordination between their various services. The geographical areas within which these various lacal authorities function are many of them small, and there is cune sequently, a good deal of overlapping, 'inequality, and confusion, whilst va- rious important services, such as transport, and housing, lighting and power, are hampered in their devel- opment, and: jealousies and misunder- standings between neighbouring au- thorities have often intensified these difficulties. In the provision of pub- lic assistance the various classes of persons half a dozen different bo- dies may be dealing for different rea- sons with several members of the same family; the defects of the Poor Law system are common knowledge. And the guiding principle of reform, as the Labour Party sees it, must be unification, co-ordination, and exten- sion of the social services Y on the various authorities which must emselves be ised and prop. ee ipped for effective work. 'e begin with the Poor Law. For a of years oiganised L > "a score of year a- botir_has adv ied. the abolition of the Poor La has meant by that phrases much more than the ab- 'olition of Boards of Guardians or the substitution of one directly elected another. In our recent 3o- Tegislation we have largely recog- nised that it is necessary to discon- nect from the Poor Law the public provision made for the sick, the aged and the infirm, public health services so as to pro- vide for all persons requiring medi~ cal attention and nursing, not as pau- pers to be deterred and intimidated, ut as citizens committed to the pub- lic care. We hold that the whole Poor Law organization, with its ap- paratus of workhouses, its atmosphere of deterrence, its taint of criminality in the poor, left untouched in its wo~ sentials by the present Government's and redundant. Our aim' is not simp- ly to break up the Poor Law and to transfer this or that function of the Board of Guardians to one or an- other of the committee of the Town Council, but to co-ordinate and merge the services of healthy and public as- sistance, and to administer them with economy and efficiency, in a different, spirit from that which has governed the Poor Law organisation. ransfer of Burdens As a natural. consequence of the break-up of the Poor Law, and in keeping with the general policy of the Labour Party, the whole burden and duty of dealing with the unem- ployed would be transferred from lo- cal authorities to a mational scheme. The nucleus of a national organisa tion for the able-bodied unemployed already exists in the machinery of the Ministry of Labour. It would go far, in our opinion, to ease the situation in what 1s known as the "necessitous areas" if provision for the unemploy- ed ceased altogether to be a local charge and was combined with mea- sures designed to prevent unemploy- ment under the control of national departments; and we would, in fact, extend this principle of national pro- vision not only for the unemployed, for .widows and orphans, the disabled and the aged, but to other loeal ser- vices, Road, Maintenance a An important question in this con- nection 1s the maintenance of roads. On this latter point the proposals in the Government's Local Government Bill seem to us to fall far short of what is necessary. Nobody will deny that the present system of highway administration is- unsatisfactory. . It places control in the hands of more than 1800 separate highway authori= ties (in England and Wales), many of whom have entirely inadequate re- sources either fom maintenance or improvement, A real reorganisation of local government would involve the transfer to the central authority of responsibility for maintaining and ex- and to organise thef' tending roads and highways that we in fact national lines of communica- tion, subject to safeguards of the traf- "J fic control rights of local suthorities, and the readjustment of local an ories of goads, In dealing with this aspect of the general problem of local goverment reform, we are brought to face the question of enlarging the unit of lo- cal administration. Labour policy. is indeed based on the necessity of re- organising the areas of local govern- ment. For many important functions and services the existing areas are altogether too small, and much of the a State finances as regards other categ- 'muddle, inefficiency, overlapping, and friction would be obviated were the areas enlarged in consonance with a general plan or reorganisation, Wider Areas The area of effective local govern- ment in respect'of many of the ex- isting services, such as electricity sup- ply, water and transport, is no longer that represented by the existing un- its of administration; in our view, even Counties and County Boroughs Local Government Bill, is out of mo 12) be too small for some adminis- rative purposes. We would enlarge the units of local administration on a definite plan, with the object of bringing suitably placed urban and rural areas into a single unit of dem- ocratic control without destroying tne autonomy of these areas in regard to matters which affect cach of them differently. On, the important and complicated uestion of local rates, the Labour arty will seek to readjust the rela- tions between local and national fin- ances, with a view not only to re- lieving the burden of rates, but to increasing the resources of local au- thorities. We maintain that rates should be relieved by transferring to the State, as I have explained, the cost of poor relief to the able-bodied unemployed, and the expense of maintaining main roads, by extend- ing and increasing Government grants and by levying rates of land values. That the present rating system is un- satisfactory is a fact which the Gov- ernment itself has recognised, but we do not regard the derating proposals of the Local Government Bill as a real solution of the problem, The system of Government grants is very haphazard in its incidence; it has been pointed out, for example, that a grant is given for tuberculosis treatment equal to 50 per cent. of the cost, and is also the case with mater- nity and child-welfre--but fever hos pitals get nothing, and there is no grant for essential services such as sewers and scavanging; police get a 50 per cent. grant, but not fire bri- gades, and so on. These are anoma- lies which show that the whole sys- tem of grants-in-aid requires to be overhauled, and we should undertake the task with the object of ensuring effective minimum standards of local administration and of developing many important services which can- not be efficiently carried on without grants-in-aid on a more generous and scientifically planned scale than ob- tains at the present time, Finally, Labour's policy of local government reform contemplates a considerable extension of . municipal trading servicess We have framed a Local Government Enabling Bill with this purpose in view, The principle of the muni trading is now fitm- © ly established, It has been invoked by a Royal Commission as regards:the distribution of coal, and is obviously capable of 'further extension. It will be seen that the Labour Party's policy involves a material de~ velopment of the functions and se- sponsibilities of local authorities, Ie is, in our view, one of the highest forms of public service, We consider it necessary, therefore, to make it possible for citizens of every class-- men- and women--to render efficient service in this direction, and, in or- der that they may do so, to make provision for the payment of neces- sary travelling expenses and subsis- tence allowances. The principle is recognised in the Scottish Local Gov- ernment Bill, and we propose that it shall be generally applied. On the ba- sis of these reforms, we believe that the way will be opened for a great expansion in the work of local auth- orities and that decentralisation of many administrative and inspectorial functions that now burden the cent- ral departments of our national Gov. ernment will be facilitated. . Two motor-vans and three motor cars were damaged by a fire which destroyed a garage at the back of Acre lane, Brixton, SW. Every day in the week hundreds of Oshawa people find a delightful satisfac- ' tion in shopping at the Rex- all Drug Store. They have found a service which dem- onstrates efficiency and establishes confidence, Reward People who are frequent customers at the Rexall Store are rewarded with a quality of merchandise only equalled at Rexall Stores: by vast economies effected through the buying power of 10,000 Rexall Stores linked together; by prompt and courteous attention of salespeople and a guarantee of perfect satisfaction or money cheerfully refunded. Prove this for yourself. 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