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3 11819, in whose memory Victoria Day is celebrated all over the Brit- ish Empire, Queen of Great Brit- 'ain and Ireland and the Empress of India, was one of the greatest sov- lereigns of the British Kingdoms. i8he came to the throne on June 20, 11837, and died on January 322, :1901, and her reign of sixty-four 'years was a period of unprecedent- ied industrial development and pros- and surpassed in lengt } of her predecessors. XIV of France of all the " 2 the world ruled 'longer than she did. - ! Queen Victoria was'the only iehild of the Duke of Kent, fouyth 'son of King George III. Her father idied before Victoria wasa year old, | mud she was brought up carefglly 'and wisely by her mother at Kens- ington Palace, where she was born. Upon the death of her uncle, King 'William IV, the third son of King George 111, she inherited the throne 'on June 20, 1837, and was crown- .ed at Westminster Abbey on June 128, 1838, , . The education of Vietoria in pol- 'ities and government had beeis at- 'rected by the sage and loyal Lord Melbourne, who became her first counsellor, and to him much cred it is due for the queen's wonderful ability and her great spirit-'of de- imocracy. She realized the respons- 'ibilities of her position, and, on her accession, said, "I have immensely to do, but 1 like it very much-- I delight in this work." In February, 1840, Queen Victo- 'ria was married to her cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Cobourg-Go- the. The marriage was not only one of happiness, hut also of great benefit to the kingdom, for . the Prince Consort, a student, philan- thropist and business man, devoted Jhimself to the interests of the peo- ple, and was the queen's chief ads /vigser in many important affairs of government. Vittoria and Ale bert had four sons and five daugh- ters. B Victoria, the Princess Royal, was Porn in: 1840. In 1858 she was married 'to. Crown Prince William Frederic of Prussia, afterwards Sanetor of Germany. She died io - Albert Edward, Prince of Wales, ! Queen Victoria, born on May 24, (¥ {| Prussia, to Prince r Hesse in 186 died in 1878 Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh, born in 1844, was ma to'the Grand Duchess Marie, datighter of ' the Cgar of Russia in 1874, and died in | 'the same year gs his mother. Helena, born 1846, was mar- ried to" Prince stian of Schles- wig-Holstein in 1866. Louise, born in 1848, was mar- ried in 1871 to the Marqul of Lorne, later goyernor-gene of anada. "RRL ¢ Arthur, Duké of Connaught, born in 1850, was married in 1579 to Rrineess Loti 3iarsuerite of e was formerly gover nor-general of Canada. : Leopold, Duke of Albany, was born in 1853, married in 1882 to Princess Helena of Waldeck, and died in 1884, va ii Beatrice, born' in 1857, was mar- ried in 1885 to Prince Henry of Battenburg. An Important. Reign It is impossible to overestimate the significance of this long reign in 'the history of Great Britain and the British Empire. Of course, by no means the greater part of this significance 'wag due to tno queen; such ministers as Peel, Rus- sell, Palmerston, Disraeli, Glad- stone and Salisbury were in the pe- riods of their power the dominut- ing force in the. history of their times. But Victoria, hy reason of her clear-sightedness, her moaera- tion, and, above all, her sterling character, had a very real infiutues on every political movement oi imi portance. - i Outstanding Eyents A list of even the outstanding events of this reign would be a very long one; certain happén- ings, however, deserve specru: ei phasis. Canada passed through more than one crisis during we pe- riod. In 1837-1838 occurred*the "se- rious disturbance which resulted in the re-uniting of Upper and Low- er Canada, and in 1867 the confed- = ETE i | Dominion Clothing | ie. Company 5 Doz. Men's Whoopee Hats, 'Special. Get yours now ...... Boys' Long Khaki Pants, sizes 24 to 32 eee ers 00000 0000000000000 Holiday . §] 39 89¢ Each, cv...cn0sivns pair for .....c.0u Men's Broadcloth Shirts Boys' Khaki Drill Shirts Each, PIPPIN TIP PO SREP SS IR J BT Men's Cotton Socks, 15¢ pair, 7 Men's Fancy Hose, 39c pair, 3 Pair fOr «nus esrrispneinensnisany $1.39 69¢c $1.00 $1.00 ses sense Men's Trench Coats, Special Each ss ee esses sess e seen Children's Cotton Stockings. All sizes Men's and Young Men's. Top Coats. Reg up to $24.00 Out they goat ....... Men's Navy Blue Serge Trousers Men's Black and Brown Oxfords, Panco Men's Sweater Coats, heavy jumbo knit Regular $5.50 asain satin. « uate « « . $6.50 19¢ $9.50 $2.98 $2.75 iv $3.95 CRORE I SEES SUS EES NE IR UR SRN Re Men's Fancy Tweed Children's Running Shoes, WE COPS la vvoerneis otis ian. T0N , Men's Flannel Trousers \ . Pair Teco netrssnvavnssoidbootves $1.39 $4.50 Buy Now and Buy at-- 68 King St W. We Deliver The Store for "Dad and His Lad" Store Open Thursday Evening. The Dominion Clothing Co. Phone 2141 : Ene along the sideli --such = he | £219,139 HOLIDAY] i { credit ?--of - On the Soccer Field WO teams of men, wearing vari-colored sweaters; the ball at the toe of a clever and skilful player, the goal- keeper ever alert and watchful, ball from reaching the net behind him; the cheering crowd lines, encouraging their favorite team as the ready to keep that struggle for supremacy goes on out there on the green- swa is soccer, the national game of England and Scotland, now firmly planted on Canadian soil. Oshawa is fortunate in the soccer football material it provides for those who are fond of this game. The Osh- awa Nationals and the Oshawa Ci senting this community in the T have done well so far, and keep pace with the best. eration of Canada was effected. In India, events of even gréater mo- ment occurred. The Sepoy mutiny broke out in 1857, and led in the next year to the transfer of India. from the East India Company to the Crown; in 1876 Victoria form- ally assumed the title of Empress of India, The Opium War in China, (1840- 1842); the repeal of the Corn Laws, (1846); The Chartist agita- tion, (1848); The Crimean War, (1854-1856); the disfranchisement of the Jews, (1858); the disestab- ishment of 'the Irish Chyrch, (1869); the Chinese, Abyssinian, Ashanti, Afghan and Zulu Wars; the passage of a number of parlias mentary reform measures; the es- tablishment of a large measure of British control in Egypt; Austral- fan Federation, (1900); and the South African War were some of the additional events that rendered | this reign of supreme importance. , the two teams repre- and district league, wn their ability to ve a. successful sea- have son, and provide mueh good y - for the socoer fans, Every part of the Empire was affec- ted, and ti may be said truly that Great Britain at Victoria's death was a new Great Britain, differing in very 'mapy of its ideals and prin- ciples from that over which she as- sumed sway in 1837, After the death of her Prince Consort, Albert, in 1861, Victoria withdrew en social life, but nev- er failed fn any of her esseniail du ties as queen. With impressive ceremonies the people of the Em- pire in 1887 celebrited the golden Jubilee of her reign, and ten years later her diamond jubilee was at- tended wtih even greater splen- dour. Her death, on January 22, 1901, at her winter home on the Isle. of Wight, was profoundly mourned throyghout the world. Among all the sovereigns of his- tory, there is none whose memory is so revered or held in higher es- teem by Christian nations as that of Queen Victoria the Good. Some Peculiar Taxes in "Budgets of Bygone Day's In Great . London, May 22--The Budget in its present form of a balanced an- nual account of national income and expenditure was first presented to Parliament in 1822. Customs, excisc, and various licence duties at that time produced the bylk of the rev- enue, but one other interesting item, figuring 'under the head of "Other Resources," was "Lottery, surplus re- sing after payment of lottery prizes, The term "Budget," by the way, really means a small hox. The name is, derived from the despatch case, green in the old days, red nowadays, in whieh the Chancellor brings the material for his speech to the Housc of Commons. He is still said to "open the Budget" when announcing the imposition of new taxes. Brutal Inspections There are many who complain' of present-day taxation, but our ances- tors in many ways were just as badl off. Chancellors of the 17th and 18t | centuries seem to have been prepared to raise money in every possible way, no matter 'how unfair the incidence | of itheir 'taxes. One of them even contemplated . taxing beds! There was the hearth or chimney tax, for example, by means of which an an- nual levy was made on every fire- place." The resentment aroused by this was not so much on account of the tax as on account of the method of collecting it. It was "farmed out" to people known as "chimney men," who conducted brutal house- to-house inspections. The result of this imposition was the raising of an annual revenue of £800,000 at the cost of widespread national discontent. At last, after lasting for 27 years, the tax was abolished in 1689. Inducing Ill-Health Money, however, had to be raised somehow, and windows suggested a substantial source of revenue; and in due course a tax on them was estab- lished. Cottage-dwellers were ex- empted by an amendment, but all other house-owners had to pay sums of from 2s. to 3s. per window accord- ing to width. The tax succeeded in its revenue-raising object, but, as we can now understand, at a heavy cost in life and health. The evil effects of the tax may still be seen in old houses with bricked-up or narrow- ed windows, as the tax was not dis- continued till the middle of last cen- tury. William Pitt is the Chancellor who stands out in history as the most prolific in:new ideas for taxation. To him falls the credit--or is it dis- introducing taxes on, among other things, male and female servants, newspapers, advertisements, dice, horses and carriages, gloves and clocks. i : "Act of Parliament Clocks" This last, by the way, was one of Pitt's least successful ventures, and was directly responsible for the sudden appearance of what came to §l be known as "Act of Parliament Clocks" in inns, coffee-houses, and such places of resort throughout the 'roprietors of such places cs in their premises for the convenience of customers. Still adother of Pitt's bright ideas was a tax on hair-powder, in the days when men affected long hair. It was as a direct outcome of the evasion of this tax that the "Eton crop" for men first became fashion able. From 1695 to 1706 bachelors and widowers were liable to a special tax; but so also svere births and marriages. For example, a bachelor duke had to ay an annual tax of £12 11s; when e married he had to make a lump payment of £50 4s. People of less ex- alted rank escaped correspondingly lightly. Commoners had to pay a fixed sum of 2s for each child that 'was born, but here again the dukes were mulcted heavily, A duke's first- 'born son cost him £30 in tax, but-- presumably on the. 'reductions for quantity" principlc--subsequent addi- tions to his family cost him only £25 each. Tax on Dying Still more surprising was the fact that one was taxed even on dying. A poor person--or rather his repré- sentatives--paid 4s on this 'occurr- ence, while once again our iriend the Xs J mtn dress, which 'was broadcast, i Britain's History duke had to pay for his exalted rank, his death costing his family £50 in tax. All these taxes were imposed for the purpose of "prosecuting the war against France with vigour," The same reason, a century later, led to the imposition of the tax on dogs. Coming to more modern times, the Income Tax, that bogey of today, made a brief aopearance during the Napoleonic Wars, but was after- wards repealed. It was reintroduced by Peel in 1842. He fixed it at 7d in the pound, and promised its re- peal within three years, but alas! as we know, it has remained a sore thorn in the flesh of the taxpayer ever since. At times since then, how- ever, it has heen as low as 2d in the pound. The War's Crop Another. memorable year in fin- ancial history is 1894, when Sir Wil- liam Harcourt introduced Death Du- ties, which have since assumed such formidable proportions in the case of large estates, The Great War, of course, as all of us know to our cost, saw the imposition of a great crop of new taxes, most of which seem likely to. remain in force for many years, The Budget for the first timc touched the £100,000,000 mark in 1895; the 1914 Budget, the last pre-war one, reached double that figure; while this year, when he made his statement, Mr. Churchill was estimating for an auival expenditure of some £800,000,- ie t-------- GREAT FUTURE FORECAST FOR ALBERTA OILS Wealth Beyond Dreams of Avarice Waiting, Says Home Official Vancouver, May 22---A predic- tion. that "wealth beyond the dreams of avarice' will be the lot of thoge who take the lead in de- velopment of the Alberta oil fields was voiced on Monday evening by George S. Harrison, director and secretary of Home Oil, at the an- nual Home Gas banquet in Hotel Vancouver. After tracing the birth and growth of Home under the guid-' ance of Maj. J. R. Lowery, and the present prospects of the company, Mr. Harrison expressed the opinion that Home stock is due for "even higher values during the next ew weeks and months." > "But Home is not the only com- pany to realize great benefits from the Turner valley operations," he said. There are other companies in just as favorable a position as we were four years ago. There's lots of money to be made yet, Other Fields Good "And aside from Turner valley, there are other structures to be de- veloped, with great wealth for those who have the enterprise and courage to develop them. The Tur- ner area and all the Alberta ofl fields are but in their infancy. The eyes of the world today turn on them." In addition to Mr. Harrison, oth er prominent Home officials aua civic leaders at the banquet, which was attended by 750 persons, in- cluded Mayor Malkin, Austin Tay- lor, J. W. deB. Farris, Col. Nelson Spencer, W. C. Woodward, Gen. Victor Odlum, George Kide, Col. Victor Spencer, and W. J. Blake Wilson. P. G. E. to Extend Mr. Wilson, who is a director of the PG.E. railway, took occasion to predict with some assurance that the line 'will be built far into the north to open up new and rich ter- ritory and will in time be even as great a success as Home Oil." Mayor Malkin, during his ad- ' THE OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, WEDNESDAY, MAY 22, 1929 RUSSIA SEEKS WORLD MARKET IN PLATINUN Soviet Tries to Equal Pre- War Production of Pre- cious Metal New York, May 22.--Russia {8 trying to 'come back" {in the world's platinum market. Recently 1 Colombia has been the chief source of platinum. The South American country ran in production up from 10,000 ounces annually to 55,000 ounces, Before the war Russia was the world's platinum mainstay, but conflict and revolution disrupted | trade, lowering the output of the Ural Mountains deposits to 11,000 ounces in 1920. * "The world demands about 170,- 000 troy ounces, or about six tons of platinum a year," a bulletin says. "Fashions in jewelry have turned toward platinum, so jewei- ers take B7 per cent of the annual production. Yet the world demand for platinum today is less than the pre-war demand. High prices have compelled industrial and secfentific users of platinum to find substi- tutes. "While Russia was rehabilitat- ing her platinum industry she ad- hered to an international agree- ment limiting the supply that reached the market, - Not satisfied with the platinum quota allotted her, withdrew and began to sell in- dependently. Russian platinum production rose to 92,000 ounces in 1926, and to more than 100,000 ounces in 1927. To equal her pre- war production of 200,000 ounces annually is the objective of the Soviet State engineers. Meanwhile platinum prices slumped, « "A platinum dredge is a mons trous engine like an overgrown, ll. designed houseboat. A great snout armed with buckets protrudes from one end. It is kin to the earthe worm, for it eats ground, and moves into the hole created by its enormous appetite. A platinum dredge digs its own lake to float m as it moves along. The dredge must consume quantities of sand and gravel to obtain a little platinua. In South Africa 24 ounces per ton is considered pay dirt. "Labor {is cheap in the Ural Mountains. Peasants still wash the gravels for platinum as they have done for a century, but the Soviet government finds American ma- chinery more economical than Russian backs. Officials have pur- chased, it is reported, complete plans, and have begun to construct, in the government-owned steel works at Penn, companions for their prized American dredges. DEATH ENDS KINDLY ACT "Dare Devil Orion's" last per- formance on the tightrope was to aid the family of an elderly man who had been killed by a truck. In private life "Dare Devil Orion" was Theodore Gappa, 62, a former tight wire star. He insisted in RE A ik PAGE TWENTY-ONE FURNISHINGS TO MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR VACATION There are months of comfort ahead "for the man who buys his Sum- we are offering week. Pyjamas Sweaters Hosiery Underwear Neckwear Hats Phone mer Furnishings in this Store of quality. As a special inducement feature values this Shirts with 2 Collars $1.95 $1.95 to $3.50 $2.50 to $6.00 55¢ 2 for $1.00 95c¢ to $2.50 55¢ to $1.50 $2.95 to $7.50 KINLOCH'S LTD. Phone 130 6KingEast 130 . - leaving a sick bed to perform at the fair at Southall, England, to raise funds for the family, but col- lapsed on the rope and fell 50 feet to the ground. Gappa's daughter met her death in the same way several years ago. SAYS STONES LIVE AND DIE Stones "breathe," live, age and die, announces a German mineral- ogist after an extensive investiga- tion by X-ray and other methous. He found that gems possess charac » teristics closely resembling those of the human body. They absorb and eject carbonic gas, a function similar to our breathing. Crys- tals as well as granite and otuer hard rocks, will show signs of age in time, and finally will break up into sand, which he describes ws their way of dying. WILL ASKS CARPET REMOVAL In the will of Albert J. Bovay, who recently died at the age of 83, he bequeathed $2,000 to St. Alban's Church, Teddington, Eng- land, "provided that the horrid car- pet which now disfigures the chan- cel be removed and never be re- placed, and that a bright, hand- some one be substituted." As sides- man and server in the church for 40 years, Bovay had much oppor tunity to see the carpet, which for- merly had been on the yacht of a Shah of Persia. The offending floor covering will be removed. montrous Sale Gigantic Clearance Of KROCH BROS LTD. Is going strong. Wonderful buying opportunities for Ladies' and Gentlemen. Also great bargains in all lines. Come and see the new arrivals, which are melted in this Sale Tweeds Women's Coats $7.95, $8.95, $10.95 $12.95 and $14.95 GRADE up to 48. COATS of the BETTER In Tricotine and Poiret. Sizes Dresses Very Smart Styles and Colors. $6.95, $7.95, $8.95 . $10.95, $12.95, $14.95-up MEN'S DEPT. DRESSES Summer Dresses, Fugi or Flow- Extraordinary MEN'S TRENCH COATS Sizes 34 to 42. Regular $7.50 Sale Price $4.95 MEN'S SPRING COATS $12.95, $14.95, $16.95 $18.95 and up. COATS Navy Prince of Wale= $8.95 WOMEN'S TRENCH ? COATS 'Extraordinary $3.98 While the supply will last GIRLS'$DRESSES From $1.00 to $4.95 ered $2.95, $3.50, $4.95 up. " SUITS Suit for Ladies'. Tweed Flannel Tricotine Serge. $7.95, $10.95 & $16.95 NOTE Any item advertised previously goes at same price so long old supply will last. $10.00 and $12.95 MEN'S SUITS Worsteds, Serges or other ma- terials. $12.50, $14.95, $18.95 up MEN'S WORK PANTS $1.00, $1.50 and $1.98 MEN'S WORK SHIRTS 49¢, 75c and 98c MEN'S OVERALLS $1.00, $1.50 and $1.98 Many added attractions for Thursday Remember the Place at Kroch Bros. Ltd. 32 SIMCOE STREET SOUTH aa invitation to residents of the U. i