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¢ Oshatva Baily Times Succeeding * 'THE OSHAWA DAILY REFORMER /4 An independent newspaper published every afternoon 'except Sundays and legal holidays, st Oshawa, Canada, by Mundy Printing Company, Limited; Chas, M. Mundy, President; A./R. Alloway, Sec. 5 retary, 5 1 Daily Times is a member of the Canas The Oshawa Daily a. N Ao SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carrier, 106 a week. By mail (optoide, Oshawa cagrier delivery limits), in the Counties of Ontario, Durham and Northumberland, $3.00 n year; elsewhere in Canada, $4.00 a year; United 'States, $5.00 a year. ) TORONTO OFFICE Bond Building, 66 Temperance Telephone -" Adelaide 0107, H. D. Tresidder, representative. ' REPRESENTATIVES IN U. 8, Powers and Stone, Inc, New York and Chicago. WEDNESDAY, MAY 22, 1929 T THE HYDRO RATES REDUCTION f the strongest arguments in favor of Osh- we its hydro-electric distribution pop is found in the announcement made yesterday of t ie sweeping reductions in hydro rates to those sus. cipalities 'which own and operate their own distri~ jon systems, oo yy icipalitics, in 1928, piled up a total sure plus of $2,016451, and instead of this money going "into the general hydro-electric system surplus, as is the case with hy surpise earned by the operation of the Oshawa system under the present method, k goes right back to the municipalities, in the form © seduced rates, and, in some cases, in refunds to the 5. In di ing the huge surplus, which is 57 per cent. more than i was in 1927, C, A. Maguire, mmissioner, said: + commission is now working out a schedule of further rate reductions, All surpluses will be i i i f the applied, as far as possible, to a lessening o ¢ a: pi to the consumer, in accordance with the com i H ' lic Hed ; wr had a municipality owned and oper= ted distribution systerh, the consumers of this city . would have shared in this reduction; for an Oshawa system would have just as much likelihood of piling up'a surplus, at the present high rates, as any of the other municipalities, many of them operating under such lower rates than apply here. i Under the present local system, any surplus which might be carned in Oshawa goes to the general re- serve of the ceftral Ontario system, and goes to bolster up the standing. of other communities, It is §rom this system that the ratepayers of Oshawa are asked to break away in the vote to be taken on June 15, It needs but little study to convince any one that the sooner the Oshawa plant is under muni-. cipal ownership, the soomer it will be possible for the people of Oshawa to share in the reductions in fates that are being enjoyed by other municipalities. SAVING IN SEASON Social service workers in many cities, after much study of the problems of winter relief, have come to some interesting conclusions, One of them is that in many cases poor home management is responsible for much of the winter distress, and that if the heads of these homes. would show a little foresight and thrift in the busy months, there would be little need to apply for charity in the season of unemployment, Human nature, of course, cannot be changed over- night, but it would seem as if this is a condition which to some extent applies to Oshawa, where there is a good deal of seasonal employment, In the busy months, wages are good, and thrifty home managers are able to put aside sufficient to carry them over any period of slackness which may come in the win- ter. In too many cases, however, there is no such forethought. The time of good wages and steady employment becomes a time of spending and not sav- ing, with the result that when a time of unemploy- ment comes, there is no reserve to tide the home over the slack period, Now is the time for wage-earners to give thought to this matter, Saving is the secret of real home happiness and comfort all the year round, and the man or woman who learns the secret of thrift, and of putting aside, from week to week, a certain por- tion of earnings in times of prosperity, then there will be no need for applying to charitable funds in the period of unemployment, SAFETY IN DIRIGIBLES While the flight of the Graf Zeppelin from Ger. many to the United States came far short of reach- ing its goal, owing to the breakdown of three of the motors of the giant airship, the venture proved be- yond doubt that the large dirigible provides a much safer medium for long distance flying than does the aeroplane. * With three motors out of commission, and battling with a terrific storm, the Graf Zeppelin was piloted to safety by its commander, with its sixty occupants, This in itself is a feat at which to marvel, * Were an aeroplane to suffer a like mishap while out at sea on a long distance flight, there would be practically no hope of safety for those on board, The heavier- than-air craft is entirely dependent on its motors to keep in the air, while the dirigible, with the huge gas bag to keep it aloit, can still be kept in the air until an opportune moment for landing presents itself. The mishap to the Graf Zeppelin has not dis- counted the possibilities of regular trans-Atlantic ser. vices by dirigible. Rather has it emphasized the pos. sibilities of that mode of travel by showing that there is a great margin of safety in this type of aircrafr. Doubtless valuable lessons will be learned from the ¢ accident which caused the Graf Zeppelin to turn back, and mechanics and inventors will, as a result, find a way to prevent mechanical defects which would hinder the development of dirigible transportation routes, THOUGHTLESS CHILDREN Every year, for a week or wo preceding the 24th of May, the air is made bideous by the explosions of firecrackers, This seems to the juvenile mind to be part of the process leading up to the celebration of the Victoria Day holiday, and in indulging in it, the children are often apt fo forget that there is'a time and a place for everything, even for firécrackers, He would be a' modern Scrooge who would object . to the enjoyment of firecrackers once a year, but the open street, where pedestrians are passing to and . | 1 fro, and where there js much automobile traffic, is no place for such forms of fun, if fun it be, There is a decided danger in this practice, not only to pedestrians who might be injured by firecracker ex- plosions, but also to motor traffic, for & violent ex- plosion under a car, such as has been observed in 'Oshawa in the last day or two, might well cause . the driver to lose control of his automobile, with dis- astrous results, Then, too, there is a certain danger of fire which is ever-present where firecrackers are being used promiscuously. If the parents of the children are willing that, on May 24, there should be a fireworks display in their own backyard, well and good. No one would have the slightest. objection, But there is a strong ob- jection to turning a period of weeks into a time of terror for people whose nerves are not in the strong- est condition by the thoughtless explosion of fire crackers on the streets, A SURE SIGN OF PROSPERITY As has been pointed out on more than one occa- sion in this column, building activity is one of the surest signs of progress and prosperity, whether that building be of factories or of homes. That is a fund- amental economic principle, and, that being so, there is every reason to believe that Canada, as a whole, is today, enjoying remarkable prosperity. A despatch from Ottawa a few days ago stated that building in Canada is going on today at unpre cedented levels, For the first four months of 1929, the building activity of the whole dominion far ex- ceeded any previous high record, and, with a total figure of $72,516,702 in building permits issued, was nearly $21,000 more than for the same period in 1928, That is a remarkable record. It shows a progress unparallelled in the country's history, and points to' a degree of prosperity far beyond anything experi- enced in the past, a prosperity which is finding its outlet in making even more prosperity by providing an extraordinary amount of building activity to keep ever-increasing numbers of yworkers employed, EDITORIAL NOTES. There is some comfort in the thought that no mat- ter which party wins, Great Britain will have 'a sound government, ; Pouring oil on the waters is a term used in regard to settling arguments, but the most effective use for that idea is in the prevention of mosquitoes. A contemporary says that the average husband has far more common sense than his wife suspects he has, If he hasn't, he at least thinks he has. If the British election is a complete puzzle as some observers claim, the speeches being made by some of "the candidates make it seem as if it were a cross word puzzle, Sir Robert Falconer has declined an offer to be- come principal of Edinburgh University. The offer, however, was a recognition of the standing which is being attained by Canadians in the eyes of the world, ---- Premier Baldwin says that the other countries of, the world myst not expect Britain to do all the dis. arming. Yet Britain is usually first in the field with everything that helps the human race. ~ Other Editors' Comment ~ NAVAL COMPETITION (New Statesman) We should prefer to any agreement with America a definite and clearly-stated: policy on' the part of the British Government that in: no circumstances are we going to enter into any naval competition with Am- erica. She may have 50 battleships, 200 cruisers and 10,000 submarines for all we car she wants them and'is ready to nay for them for the sake of being able to say that "God's own country" has the great- est navy on God's own earth, . HUMAN VEGETABLES (Hamilton Fyfe in Spectator (Ldndon)) I suppose there are two kinds of human tempera- ment, the one restless, eager, change-loving; the other =--well, the opposite (I don't want to be abusive!) It is hard for possessors of such different characters to understand, let alone be patient, tolerant with one another. Yet, making allowance for this and for an impatience which I admit in myself, I still hold to it that spending a lifetime in one occupatien on one spot, is, as Stevenson said of the lighthouse-keepers, to give up the object of living for the means to live. MINING GOING AHEAD . (Ottawa Speech, Hon, C, McCrea) Irrespective of what the stock tickers may say, there is abroad an enthusiasm and a mining develop- ment that has not been exceeded in any previous year. From Hudson Bay to North Bay there is a mining and prospecting activity that is bound to bring very substantial results to the people of On- wario, Our mines are going¥down to three and four thousand feet, and ore ies of great wealth are be- ing plotted and blocked. . Great days are now ahead in copper and nickel mining, particularly in the Sud- bury District, » « Bits of Verse - - THREE THINGS 1 LOVE I love such simple things as these.. A serenade upon the breeze; The lapping sound of southern seas; A cloistered nun upon her knees; The 'sapphire blue of tropic skies; That crooked smile between your eyes; White sands that blaze upon the shore; The mystery of a panelled door; A pot of faintly fragrant tea-- A table set for you and me. --Elinor Maxwell, . THE OSHAWA DAILY TIMES, WEDNESDAY, MAY 22, 1929 The Briti ° * ' tish Labour Party - And the General Election : Article No, 4 A REPLY TO. MR ARTHUR HENDERSON KINGSLEY WOOD, M.P 9, th La ' i Arrangement with Anglo-American Newspaper Service) 1 : lI it think that any one will be "to Juve! My, Jen. 8 sis, a eal © peaks 10 be based on Mr. s second reading speech, fusion gov- io" haphazard develop feral of £9 ordina. Ic government machine . has long required ing, and it was for this rea- son that the Con- seryative Govern- 7 - ment of 1923 rec- mended the &- ponent of a Royal Commission including' repre- achiatives of he principal associa- tions of local au- thorities, to make ; general recom- .. Biz K, Wood nendations as to the constipuon, areas, and functions of local authorities, The main recom- mendations contained in the Commis- sioners' First Report have been pass- ed into law during the present parlia- ment, and most of those in their Se- cond Report are embodied in the Lo- cal Government Bill. The "chaos of rates" to which Mr, Henderson re- fers at the beginning of his article will be partly removed when the Rat- ing and Valuation Act, 1925, comes into full operation, History of Problem It is not right to say that the Lo- cal Government Bill only deals with these wide problems "as an incidental consequence of the plan to relieve productive industry of the burden of local rates." In the first place, the problem of the rage burden itself has long been reconlfsd to be one of the most acute of local government problems which called for a solution. It was considered by a Royal Com- That Body of Bours v By James W. Barton, M.D. JOKING ABOUT INFECTED TEETH About once or twice a year I feel the urge within me to get after the humorist who says "It is very casy to be a doctor, All you have to do when you don't know what is wrong with a patient is to say "Oh it is your teeth that is the cause of all your trouble, You'll have to have them all extracted." . This is of course only a joke but it 1s not a joke if an individual has a mouthful of infected teeth, or even one infected tooth. The care of the teeth, the removal of the infection from the teeth, gums, and tonsils, is just as important from a health standpoint as any other one part of the bo When asked about the importance of the care of the mouth, Sir William Osler, the greatest physician of modern times replied that "it was one of the outstanding public health matters, the promofion of which will do more to prevent disease and pro- mote the health of the human race, than any other single thing in the whole field 8f modern sanitation." Just think of that for a moment, No other one thing in the whole field of medicine or sanitation is as im- portant as having a healthy mouth, Someone recently pointed out that our life insurance companies pay more attention to such unimportant things as a small boil or pimple than they do the condition of the mouth, and yet more trouble starts here than 'anywhere else, Abscessed teeth, or even one ab- scessed tooth, may be the cause of all sorts of ailments throughout the body, A Heart discase, including infection of the lining of the heart itself, in- flammation of the heart muscle or its covering, can come from infected teeth, Most rheumatism, while due in part to infected tonsils, can likewise be blamed on infected teeth, Eye and ear specialists have been telling us for years that a good per- centage of their cases can be tracede to bad teeth. ' Even anaemia is now definitely established as being frequently due to infected teeth, So likewise with ulcers of the stomach and small intestine, kidney and liver ailments, appendicitis and other abdominal ailments, You cannot wonder then that I wish our humorists would get away from treating this matter as a joke. It means health, and happiness, life itself, to every one of us. (Registered in accordance with the Copyright Act). THE THIRD TEST--Again the devil sheweth him all the king- doms Of the world, and saith. All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt fall down and worship me. Then saith Jesus unto him, Get thee hence, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.--~Matthew 4:8, 9, 10. PRAYER--"Be Thou my pat. tern; make me bear,. More of Thy gracious image here." Hen- |b d in 1901 and a D Committee whic Top stol in 1912, The reports of these bodies have been under constant re- view ever Si dt is a result of this that certain of the proposals in the present Bill have been made, Whatever else may be said about mission which them, then, they cannot fairly bel" called hasty or precipitate. In the second place, the effect of reducing the rateable resources of all author- ities by derating .is to make urgent those reforms in the - direction of widening the area of charge for cer- tain services 'which have hitherto had to be postponed because Parliament has been occupied with more urgent work. I do not find any reference in Mr, Henderson's article to those clauses in the Local Government's Bill which, in accordance with the conclusions of the Royal Commission, provide (by a re-survey of the existing arcas of local authorities) for adjusting func- tions to areas and areas to functions, Yet it is obvious that the operation of these provisions will test how far Mr, Henderson's general indictment of the existing "chaos of areas" 1s justified and, where it is justified, will provide a remedy. haos Reduced The "chaos of authorities" of 1888 was somewhat reduced by assimilat- ing to the general organisation of lo- cal government authorities the func- tions of the School Boards in 1902 and the overseers in 1925 (both acts of Conservative Governments.) The present proposals for abolishing sep- arate Poor Law authorities are an- other big step in the reduction of the "chaos", and I gather that Mr, Henderson welcomes it, For the ef- fect will be "to co-ordinate and merge the services of health and public as- sistance," as he himself advocates. Disappointingly Vague As regards the Poor Law, I confess I find Mr, Henderson's proposals dis- |. appointingly vague, He seems to ap- prove of the Government's proposals to transfer the functions of Boards of Guardians to public health author- ities and to empower the latter to "break up" the Poor Law, i.e. to take the sick poor out of the Poor Law altogether, except that, with the doe- trinaire rigidity characteristic of his Party, he wishes to see the latter power made obligatory instead of leaving it, as the Government in- tend to leave it, to the discretion of the local authority concerned, But it is the declared intention of the Gov- ernment to encourage local authori- ties to break up the hs Law where- ver that is practically possible. The real difference between us is that My, Henderson attaches most importance to names, and we to facts, Only One Proposal But Mr, Henderson says that he wishes to go further than this, and to change the whole spirit of the pre. sent Poor Law system, though he does not specify very clearly how he proposes to do it. He has only one concreté proposal to make--to transfer the "whole burden and duty of dealing with the unemployed" from local authorities to the State. This course has been steadily resisted by the Government on the ground that national control would be costly and wasteful would cause serious admin- istrative difficulties when administer ed side by side with unemployment insurance, and would lead to an in- crease in the powers of the central bureaucracy, with a corresponding loss to the best interests of individ- ual liberty and representative local government, Serious Consequences It would lead to even more seri- ous consequences than these, If the scheme were to work at all, scales of relief would have to be fixed, and the whole spirit of the present Poor Law system would indeed be changed, and not for the better, For, whereas at present poor relief is regarded as a shift by which the means of sub- sistence may be provided if all other ways fail, to convert the unemployed who have exhausted their insurance benefit into State pensioners on a si- milar footing to those who are res ceiving benefit in part, at least, from contributions they have themselves made to the unemployment insurance fund, would have a fatally demoral- ising effect on the characters of in- sured and uninsured alike. Mr. Henderson also complains that the highway proposals in the Local Government Bil do not go far enough, He welcomes the reduction in the number of highway authori- ties, but he: would ike to see the cost of maintaining roads of a na- tional character entirely transferred to the State, But here again the gen cral objections to central control ap. ply. It should be mentioned that roads of this character already re- ceive substantial grants from the Road Fund not only for maintenance but for works of improvement and new construction. Mr. Henderson would also like to see "a readjustment of local and State finances as re- gards other categories of roads," but as he does not tell us what the read- justment is to be or how it is to be made I find it difficult to offer any useful comment, Present Activities Mr. Henderson goes on to speak vaguely of widening existing areas in order to avoid inefficiency and ov- erlappjng. I have already pointed out that there are provisions in the Lo- cal Government Bill which will gO far to achieve this object; he further specifies electricity, water and trans- port--whatéver the last may mean as services for which the existing areas are too small. He must be aware of the great scheme for co- ordinating electricity supply over the whole country for Which the present Government has been responsible, and he must also know of the ex- istence of joint water boards and al- so regional committees, which illus- 5 'beyond their own boundaries. i / (oe 5 Ll nm nw uy fname As each pay-day slips by, how much better off are you financially ? High wages 'rean little to a man's progress if he fails to put aside a portion of his earnings systematically. The successful man savesregularly as he earns. Small deposits made each pay-day will soon grow into a substantial amount at our 4% interest rate on savings. If you have an account with us, keep it growing; if you haven't, deter- mine to start one net pay-day. ($1 00 opens an accoun:.) May we look forward to serve ing you? ve INTEREST ON DEPOSITS SUBJECT TO WITHORAWAL 8Y CHECK CENTRAL CANADA [9AN AND SAVINGS COMPANY OS ANN BRANCH OFFICE ¢ 28 SIMCOE § NORTH Operated Under Government Inspection TORONTO HEAD OFFICES KING & VICTORIASTS. OF A SAFE PLACE FOR SAVINGS trate the growing tendency to deal with problems of water supply from the point of view of the physical con- ditions and requirements of an area as a whole rather than of the exist- ing administrative divisions, . As regards transport, many muni- cipalities have already power to run their omnibuses over a wide area, be 1s suggestion for combining urban and rural areas for some purposes while leaving them each independent for others is copies from the Govern- ment's proposals, particularly in rela- tion to the Poor Law and highways. but he does not elaborate sufficiently to make it clear what else he has in mind, It is curious that he does not mention town planning or regional planting. Burden of Rates As regard the burden of the rates, Mr, Henderson wishes to relieve it not only by transferring services to the State, but by extending and in- creasing Government grants to spe- cific services such as fever hospitals and sewerage and scavenging. I would venture to suggest that in this pro- posal Mr. Henderson is behind the times. In national finance the tend- ency has long been to discourage the ear-marking of particular revenues for particular purposes, Similarly in bringing the whole of a local auth- ority's resources into a common rate fund. It seems only consonant with this that Government resistance to beal authorities should gradually be transformed from grants for particu- lar services into a single grant, the payment of which should be condi- tional on the attainment and preser- vation of a proper standard o _servi- ces all round. The proposals 'in the Local Government Bill for abolishing many of the existing grants and sub- stituting a single bock grant will have the advantages of basing the Ex- chequer contribution to local expen- diture on the needs of the authority ascertained by a scientific formula in- stead of the present basis, which in most cases is one of expenditure. This change, by which the amount of the contribution will be fixed by factors outside the authorities' control in- stead of being directly governed by their expenditure, will make it pos- sible to relax the present detailed control from Whitehall, which is not only irritating but a waste of time to all concerned. Mr. Henderson's proposals for increased grants for specific services would, increase ra- ther than diminish that" control, and could therefore hardly be reconciled with the "material the responsibilities of local authori. ties" which he claims to be his Par- ty's policy. His suggestion for the rating of land values open a large question, and the only comment I will make is that it would do nothing to solve the peculiar problem of the necessitous areas, for a tax of this kind would obviously yield most in rich and least in r districts, r. Henderson concludes by ex- pressing the belief that his proposals will facilitate the "decentralisation of many administrative and inspectorial functions that now burden of the . v SATS SRI, FB evelopment of | JIF central Departments of our national Government." Every Conservative will be in sympathy with this aspira- tion, but one may be pardoned for doubting whether the way to achieve it is by proposals like those of Mr. Henderson and his Party, which in- volve the transfer of important ser- vices to the central Government and a large increase in Government. con- tributions to local expenditure; this would inevitably mean that central control of local government would not be relaxed but tightened. Held at Uptergrove Lindsay. = A C.N.R. freight in charge of a depot harbor crew and hauled by a 2400 engine which left Lindsay at 10.30 Friday morn=- ing, met with a mishap at Upter- grove. While the train was in the act of making the siding, the big engine toppled over on its side, mpletely blocking traffic on the main line. The Lindsay auxiliary was despatched to the scene, ; BOARD OF DIRECTORS A.W. A President ustin C. A. Bogert Vice-Pres. and Gen. Mgr, C. 8, Blackwell, Chairman of the Board C. H. Pres, Rte Co Comat Lote New Toronto R. Y. Eaton Pres., The T. Eaton Co, Lad., Toronto E. W. Hamber B.C, Mills Timber and Trading Cow 4. Vancouver John M. Mackie Pres,, Brinton-Peterbore Carpet Co., Ltd., Montreal Wilmot L. Matthews Pros, Pres., Canad: Lad. patie R. S. McLaughlin Pres., General Motors Canade L4d., ooh W. W. Near re Fo, Te Carlisle Tire and Financier, Toronto J. Allan Ross Pre C. O. Stillman Pros, Imperial Ol Ld. H. H. Williams Capitalist, [Torento Qh Established 1871 OSHAWA BRANCH T. W. Jqgce, Manager. StoBIE-ForLoNG ¢@ STOCKS BONDS GRAIN = ._ Head Office: Reford BAY AND WELLINGTON ane TOR "SUF. EVERSON, Local Manager . . Private Wire System 17 KING STREET EAST, OSHAWA Phones 143 and 144 i « A ste mein oe SSS wit .