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PAGE TWEL OSHAWA, ONTARIO, THURSDAY, AUGUST 1, 1929 MODERN ENGINEER RELIES ON SCIENCE Development in Engineering' Depends upon Discovery of New Scientific : Facts "(By The Canadian Press) "Johannesburg, Union of South Af- rica, Au She close connection "existing between economic progress and the labors of the engineer, and on the engineer's application of ' scientific investigation, was emphas- ized today by Professor Frederick : 'Charles Lea, D.Sc, O.B.E., professor 3 echanical engineering, University v5 heffield, in his presidential ad- dress to the engineering section of "thé British Association for the Ad- me pancement of Science. "From. the point of view then of development in engineering," Prof. :. Lea said, "modern communities can- not afford to neglect the encourage- ment of scientific research, even in those subjects which at present seem most remote from its activities. Upon almost every section of this associa- tion engineering lays tribute and in return engineering has given some- thing at least to make possible much of the brilliant work associated with the other sections. The precision of modern engineering made possible the manufacture and control of those great telescopes and other instru- ments, upon the accuracy of which the possibility of testing the attrac- tion, predicted by Einstein, of the light rays of the stars by the sun depends. : "Thus it can be said that the im- ortant steps that have been made n engineering in the last hundred years and that distinguish this cen- tury from all preceding, were com- menced and made possible by funda- mental discoveries of science, and it can safely be anticipated that no new epochmaking developments in the future will be possible unless pre- ceded by new fundamental scientific discoveries, Sufficient energy can be submitted across oceans by directed beams to allow on telephonic com- munication. It seems improbable that wireless transmission will be possible for the large outputs of power-generating stations, but what the future is to reveal is unknown. "Research," the professor contin- ued, "is being. undertaken by many manufacturers at great expense and the public finally reap the benefit, but it would appear that in a matter of such vital concern to industry and the comriunity more rapid progress should be made and much bolder policy pursued if the public organi- zations and large power-producing and authorities accepted the respon- sibility of the provision of funds for this work." The importance of scientific infor- mation to the engineer in the erec- tion of structures could not be over- emphasized, he said. The failure during erection of the cantilever of the Quebec Bridge was, he said, a good example of the importance of science, for the failure was due to the lack of definite knowledge of the strength of some of the material sub- stances used in the construction. The engineer's problems in the construc- tion of aeroplanes were largely in the selection of materials suitable in every way in which selection scien- tific research work was absolutely essential. Good Roads Going on to the question of the development of good roads the speak- er bor | :--"Many experiments of ac- tual road surfaces are being carried out in all parts of the civilized world, but considering its economic import- ance the cost of the tip-keep of roads and the inconvenience of repeated repairs, it would appear that it would be well worth while, even though there may be doubt as to whether any definite and final conclusions can be reached in the laboratory, to let carefully but boldly conceived laboratory experiments direct the large-scale experiments much more than at present. If the history of other engineering developments / is to repeat itself only by such pro- cedure is the solution to be found. In many branches of engineering materials and precision of finish have brought about remarkable develop- ns, finest. N°1 olives -Imported and packed in many styles plainand fancy ~ *INVINCIBLE name and in Quality? M< LARENS UMITED HAMILTON ONTARIO 9" OLIVES Laren ww An interesting social gathering was witnessed the other day at Murray Bay, Quebec, when Lord Willingdon, governor-general of Canada and Lady Willingdon, paid a visit to William Howard Taft, chief justice and cx-president of the United States, and Mrs, Taft. Hn ili pee The photograph shows, left to right, Mr. Taft, Lady Willingdon, Mrs. Taft and Lord Willingdon, in front of the Taft summer home. ments and if by close control of pro- cesses plane road surfaces that will reduce blows to a minimum can be constructed of materials reasonably resistant of friction, a sufficient de- gree of resiliency and abrasive re- sistance, real advances may be expect- ed. Steel, rubber and many other substances have been suggested; it may be that the chemist has by no means 'said the last word on the possibility of synthetic substances that will fill- the bill, but, however, that may be, whether in the direction of new materials or in the better use of materials. that are available, it scems clear that road-making has become of such economic importance to the world that it should be re- moved from the category of trial and error, which for centuries has been the mode of advance, and that all the aids that science can give it should be enlisted to achieve the de- sired end. It is not to suggest that science is not at the present assist- ing, The chemist is controlling the manufacture of cements, so that pro- ducts of great reliability are available from the firms manufacturing cem- ents; tars and bitumen and other materials of an elastic character are determined in consistency and pro- perties by the control of physicists and chemists; india-rubber vulcanized under definite chemical control is being tested in road surfaces; labor- atory tests have been made in con- nection with concrete and other ma- terials, but in the field, concrete is not by any means made under that rigidity of control necessary for pro- duct of known properties to meet particular conditions; it seems clear that many miles of roads have been made of concrete, suitable perhaps for some purposes, but not of the mixture necessary to meet condi- tions of heavy road traffic. But in the direction of the research for new materials as well as for the control of the manufacture and of the pro- perities of known materials and in the actual carrying out of the work in the field, science and scientific methods seem 'to be necessary aids for future progress. "The argument," said Professor Lea, "of this address can be summar 1sed in a few sentences. . New epoch- making developments in engineering depend upon the discovery of new facts of science and upon materials and technical processes. The only hope of solving many of the prob- lems which face the engincer today is by careful organized experiment. Engineering is of such vital import- ance to modern life that not only manufacturers but large users, pub- lic authorities, and governments must be interested and. provide funds for rescarch. "The engineer is faced with many unsolved problems. Nevertheless he must find immediate if only approxi- mate and tentative solutions to many of them in the solution he often has to deal with many types of men. If experimental science and mathema- tics cannot give him an exact solu- tion he must still cairy on and in this way much has been achieved. 'It is for this rcason that the engineer has te learn much by actual experi- ence in the workshop, in the field, and frequently he becomes impatient science and inclined to lay too great emphasis on experience, Manu- facturers wish to see returns upon their capital and remuneration for their energy, but as an effective guarantee of future progress and in the solution of many problems in de- sign, in materials, in processes as well as in the discovery of new meth- ods it is neccessary, as a Francis Bacon would today remind us, 'To apply natural philosophy to particu- lar problems must be carried back to natural philosophy.'" of The alleged wish of Mrs. Thelma Martin, often expressed, that her husband, Ralph, be killed in his work at a stone quarry because she was "tired of looking at him," is cited in his petition for divorce filed at Bloomington, Ind. Realization that the first vaca- tion he had ever had was drawing to a close was believed to have un- hinged the mind of William Phil- lips, 50-year-old Kansas farmer. He hanged himself at Denver, Colo., after packing his belongings for the trip home. ALLIES DEMAND ON FOR TRADE SLUMP Committee Considers Reme- dies for World's Present Economic Troubles REPORT PUBLISHED Move for Renewal of Relations London, Aug. 1.--The demands of the Allies upon Germany for im- mense reparations payments and the failure by many countries to restore trade relations with the Soviet union were seen by the international committee to pro- mote univesal free-trade as two cntributing causes to the curreut economic depression throughout the world. The committee has been in ses- sion for several days to consider remedies for the world's present credit and business conditions, which "are now giving rise to great anxiety in all cuntries." The economists gathered at Dun- ford House, Hayshogg near Mid- hurst, Sussex, Their convention was unherald- ed and unostentations, They work- ed tirelessly for several days be- fore giving out the result of their debates on the world's economic problems. Report Published After four days of concentrated effort they gave out the following reasons for the present economic conditions. 1. The grave situation can be adjusted only by a world wde( un- ited effort. 2. The present situation is the result of only the policy of creat- ing trade barriers throughout the world. 3. The increase of tariff front- iers in Europe has greatly aggra- vated the difficulties 4. The situation is rendered ev- en more difficult by the demand of the Allies upon Germany for immense reparations payments, which can only be made by the sale of large quantities of German manufactured goods in unwilling markets. 5. The failure to restore Rus- sian purchasing powers, 6. The situation can be rectified only by mutual goodwill and un- derstanding, enabling a policy by the Chamber of Commerce, the World Economic Conference, bank- ers and industrialists for the re- moval of tariff barriers, which at present are preventing the expan- sion o ftrade and rendering the honoring of obligations practically impossible. The conference was held in se- cret Sir George Paish, celebrated financier, tod the United Press to- day that representatives from all GERMANY BLAMED] Russia Welcomes England's The full-bodied age. You'l Medal Tea. richness and mellow flavour of Gold Medal have made it a most popular bever- like Gold GoLD MEDAL TEA nations were present at the con- ference. "I cannot tell just what steps wll be taken." Sir Feorge sad, "but I think the result of the con- ference will be of great impor- tance' OPPOSES DUMPING OF WORKERS HERE Montreal Trades and Labor Council Not Opr-s 1 to British Settlers London, July 31--Right Hon. J. H. Thomas, M.P,, Minister of Unem- ployment, may attend the annual Trades and Labor Congress of Can- ada which opens in Saint John, N.B., Aug. 26. John T. Foster, president of the Montreal Trades and Labor Council, announced. "He has promised tentatively that he wll come to our convention and confer with us," Mr. Foster said, "presumably in regard to his plans jor gelieveing unemployment in Eng- land." Asked for a statememt of policy concerning immigration in the light | a practice whi | ficulties of ti of the reported announcement of t} Canadian National Railwa the flow of British im Foster replied, "We sk our original attitude; we ar pesed to immigration of type, the class which 1 crly assimilated here a I positions which will enable support themselves wit competition with those al "We do not oppose but we do oppose dumpi bringing of large masses country which cannot be absorbe ch accentuates the already here does not help those who fr ie other side." oi, Foster is vice-president of 1 Congress which in Saint John and he said the anticipating that delegates number of 350 will be ther parts of the Dominion. said will represent the Bri Union Congress, and attend also from the eration of Labor, National Trad America. Some sixt) go from Montreal, of wh half have been chosen to Foster said. come « meets next He mentioned that the congress | represented every vear at the B Trades Union Congress and at neva. Ketail Price .... Premiums Factory Price Saving to You 4 Premiums "$165 fl -- $225.00 $254.50 $165.00 $ 89.50 > ACTOR" 2 RADIO SMOKER TO Of 7 Tube Batteryless -RADIOS - $3.00 a Week No Interest Charge YO 1]. ~~ A RADIO MAGAZINE STAND S FREE RADIO AERIAL FREE RADIO CLOCK FREE BOWRA ELECTRIC SHOP PHONE 1075 Complete with Premiums at $165.00. FREE This is Your Opportunity to Buy a 7 Tube Cabinet Radio, Equipped with a Magno-Dynamic Speaker Onlya Limited Number at This Great Saving. RADIO BENCH FREE ALE All Radios Covered by our usual Guarante oT. STORE OPEN EVENINGS DURING SALE 70 SIMCOE STREET NORTH FREE OSHAWA