The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

CANADA'S CONFEDERATION RAILWAY CELEBRATES JUBILEE {1930 WIRE FIGURES SHOW GROWTH OF Plays Imp in History of Dominion Early Struggles Beget Indfenable Spirit of Faith on and Building and Operation of System Unites Provinces from Sea to Sea. I er-- a -- Fv years in the life of a corporation is a very definite and important period in its history, particularly: when considered in relation to the development of a young and progressive country, in whose fabric Thus the Golden Jubilee of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company is more than a mere date in the organization's Yecords. 1t is a national event; a milestone in the history of Canada. d On February 16, 1881, the company was incorporated by letters patent, with a capitalization of $25,000,000 and land-grants in the then practically unpopulated Prairies totalling 25,000,000 acres, to undertake the completion, within ten years, of the rallroad from ocean to ocean, promised by the Government at the@®me of Confederation. - and De it is an essential factor. The first sod was cut on May 2, 1881; the last spike driven on November 7, 1886 and the first train from Montreal to the Pacific ' «Coast left on the evening of June 28, 1886, arriving at Port Moody 5% days later. EPIC OF COURAGE How the work was carried out, in half the allotted time, is an epic of courage, re- sourceful ness must ever hold an honored Without the C. P. R.,, Confede- ration would have been im- possible of achievement, for one of British Columbia's basic conditions, when agreeing to become part of the union, was that a railroad be built to make her membership in bc vd family real, as well as cal The project, when the Canadian Pacific syndicate embarked on it. had already been unsuccessfully approached by the Government of Canada. The task was no easy one, for the wild countryside of Western Ontario, to the north of Lake Superior, and the towering Rocky Mountains presented na- tural barriers not to be lightly ignored. Nor was this all. Opponents of the plan spared no effort to dis- credit it and found ready suppor. ters. The North West Territories, with their great stretches on unin- habited country and the Ontario and. Rocky Mountain obstacles already referred to, were used to the utmost. The undertaking was classed as "a mad scheme" and "Truth" told its readers that the road "would not. pay for axle- grease." But opposition by the forces of nature, or otherwise, meant nothing to the intrepid little band whose hearts were set on the attainment of the end--the railroad that was to serve all Canada, A ang 0a ine (late a aa arae: George 9 r ount- hind dog William Van Horne, i (afterwards ; knighted); and Thomas Shaugh- nessy, (subse- quently a knight and a x Lord Mount- stephen (afterwards Lord Strath cons); R. B. "E===S. Angus and J. J. Bir William Hill, it qwes the ortant Role British Columbia, Ontario and, more recently, of the Prairie Prov- inces were all brought into closer and more efficient touch with the of interchange of products and com- modities, it was only natural that others' needs. tual knowledge has been developed being developed, the system's instrumentality. and the driving of the last spike at Craigellachie, fully described else- where in this page, crowned one of the greatest railroading tasks ever completed. GROWTH WITH COUNTRY It may be that the spirit of deWl- tion to duty, of faith in an ideal, of the determination not to fail, which imbued the builders of the line in the early '80s, permeated its operation, when the trains be- gan to run. Assuredly that same spirit is to be found in the very bones of the company's structure today. In the years between, the Cana- dian Pacific has grown with Can- ada, and Canada with the Canadian Pacific. The road is, and has always been, just as necessary to the country as a back-bone, and its numerous branch-line develop- ments and network of telegraph lines have eontributed generously to its consolidation. Three of the original group of pioneers were, successively, presi- dents of the rallway: Lord Mount- |! stephen; Sir William Van -. VETERAN OF THEM ALL Red TEE SURES EVE AT a Above is shown the "Countess of Dufferius the Can rh \ is now enshrined in the ! P LL from all parts of the world. It forms an interesting contrast with the road test adiun Pacific Railway's first Jocomotive in Western Canada. 's offices in Winnipeg, where it is visited by thousands sla P It of tourists on this page. Company's Taxation Totals $105,813,924 in 48 Years Contributionto Canada's Tréasury Stands at $334.44 Per Mile for 1929--Income Tax $25,471,197 From 1916 to 1929 hen na corporation pays taxes totalling more than four times the amount of its original capitalization to the Dominion of Canada during 48 years of its activities, it is a very fair indicaton of the place that it holds in the nation's affairs... And when that first capitalization was $25,000,000, the affair assumes even greater interest.. Such is the story of the tax-bill of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company, which paid $105,813,924 to the Government, from the time of its incorporation, on February 16, 1851, to December 81, 1029, It will be readily seen, therefore, that the organization is not only Even in a great and growing s one which cannot be overlooked. an important factor in the country's life, as a transportation system, hotel, telegraph and express company and not merely a huge payroll for the people of Canada and the means of encouraging a host of allied industries, but also an outstanding source of revenue for the nation. public coffers from an institution country, such a sum as the above [ which, in itself, both by name and performance, is essentially Cana- It is a vast contribution to the dian. Horne and Lord | S h au ghnessy, | through years HAMMER-BLOWS ECHO ACROSS DOMINION in which the development of the system play- ed as vital a part in the na- tion's career as did its construc- tion. The great grain areas of the West; the rich mineral territories of great industrial centres and export ports. Following this development the people of the various provinces should begin to have a better know- ledge of each other and of one.an+ This process of mu- to a marked degree, .and still is largely through PRESENT DAY STATUS Today, under the chairmanship and presidency of E. W. Beatty, K.C., the Canadian Pacific is the greatest transportation company in At the little mountain station of Craigellachie, B.C., on November 7, 1885, ald A. Smith, later Lord Strathcona, drove the last spike in the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway, in the presence of a little knot of officials and workmen who had contributed to the construction of Canada's Confederation Railroad. the world, with properties of two billion dollars value, and operat- ing over 21,000 miles of line, of which more than 16,000 are in Can- ada. Originally solely a railway, the corporation's interests today are widespread. It is the largest Can- adian hotel company, with a chain of up-to-date hostelries from the Maritimes to British Columbia. It is the second-largest mining com- pany in the Dominion. It is a lake, river and coast steamship company. It is a telegraph company; a town- |{ site and housing company; an HE driving of the last spike in building of the Canadian Pacl- fic Rallway across Canada remains one of the outstanding events, not only in the history of*the road, but n that of the country. The ring History Was Made at Driving of Last Spike of Road in 1885 Time and again the men who fin- ally succeeded found themselves faced with failure and with it com- plete ruin. Time and again they staked their all and pledged their credit to the limit, in active oppo- sition to those both in Canada and INCOME TAX @ An igteresting measure of the company's contributions may be taken through its Income Tax. When the Act came into force in 1916, the Canadian Pacific came under it in the same manner as all other organizations throughout the country, and from July 1 of that year until December 31, 1989, paid $26,471,197 to the Dominion Trea- sury, on that account alone. Figures in themselves are apt to be uninteresting; just the expres- sion of so much value or quantity. But taken as related to and in measurement of the wide extent of a concern's activities, they be- come eloquent indeed. Here we have an institution, whose very birth took place in fulfilment of the Canadian Government's pro- mise at the time of Confederation It serves the country from sea to sea, linking the peoples of the vari- ous provinces closer to each other, taking their goods to market, bring- ing visitors to their towns and countrysides. Yet it pays its way in the nation, to the tune of over $100,000,000, to be devoted by the Government to the affairs of the Dominion as a whole. Perhaps one of the most inter- esting figures available in regard to the tribute paid by Canada's Confederation Railway to Canada's Government is to be found by con- sidering only the taxation 'paid solely in connection with rail op- erations. Por each mile of its gleaming gteel highways, in the year 1929, the ('anadian Pacific Rallway paid $334.44 in taxation; a total of $5,089,082, GIANT LOCOMOTIVE CONQUERS ROCKIES Motive Power Marvel Revolu- tionizes Traffic Through Mountains Designed for heavy duty through the Rocky Mountains, where a fleet of 20 is now doing the work of 40 or more lighter engines, the Canadian Pacific Railway's "5900" locomotive, as it is popularly called, stands out in modern trans- portation history as an achieve- ment in motive power. Technically known as the 2-10-4 type, with two wheels on the lead- ing truck, ten 63-inch driv- driving wheels and four wheels on the trailing truck, the engine has cylinders 25% inches in diameter and poasesses a tractive effort of 77,200 Ibs. The tender has a ca- pacity of. 12,000 Imperial gallons of water and 4,600 gallons of oil. The boiler, which is of nickel steel and designed to withstand a pres- sure of 280 1bs., contains over two miles of piping. Engine and ten. der measure 98 feet over all and weigh 760,000 1bs. p MAINTAINS CHAIN OF MODERN HOTELS Great Hostelries Are in All Important Centres BUNGALOW CAMPS Visitors Find Excellent Quarters Amid Beautiful Sur- ' roundings A' the measurement of a journey in the good old coaching-days was calculated by the inns where "good accommodation" was a fact as well as a precept, so to-day, when iron-horses course along steel highways, it is fitting that their stopping-places should be provided with first class hotels. Just such a policy has been de- veloped by the Canadian Pacific Railway the largest hotel-company in the Dominion of Canada, in its great chain of hotels from Atlantic to Pacific, aligned to the high standard of efficiency and service characteristic of every branch and department of the world's greatest transportation system, COAST TO COAST The Empress, in Victoria, the Vancouver, in Vancouver, and the Chateau Frontenac, in Quebec, all offer the traveller from the com- pany's great fleets the same stand- ards of hospitality, In Toronto, the British Empire's largest hotel, the Royal York, is the last word in accommodation for the travelling public, while the Royal Alexandra, in Winnipeg, the Saskatchewan, in Regina, and the Palliser, in Calgary, each stand for the heart of social activity in their respective territories. Canada's Rocky Mountains have become the Mecca of thousands of visitors, annually, through the Banff Springs Hotel, at Banff, and the Chateau Lake Louise, VAST CHAIN In the Maritime Provinces, The Algonquin, at 8t. Andrew's.by-the- Sea, has long been famous as a re- sort for golfers from all over the continent; the Pines, at Digby, N.S., also has a fine new golf course, while the new Cornwallis Inn, opened last autumn at Kent- ville, N.S. is being followed by the Lakeside Inn, at Yarmouth, as the most recent member of an im. portant family, The Lord Nelson, at Halifax, the Admiral Beatty, at Saint John, and, in Montreal, the Place Viger, are all established stopping-places for Canadians and visitors from other countries. In addition to its great hotel sys- tem, the Canadian Pacific Railway accommodates thousands of guests each summer in various bungalow camps throughout Canada. These settlements have become very pop- ular as summer resorts, wherever they are found. They offer a de- lightful' combination of "getting back to nature", coupled with mo- dern comforts and special facilities for hunting and fishing. COMPANY CONDUCTS VARIED ACTIVITIES HOUGH primarily a rail- way company, the world's greatest transportation system comprises many widespread activities. The Canadian Paci- fic Rallway is the second-lar- gest mining company in Cane ada; the largest hotel com. . Jans; an express company; a || ph company, which also handles radio-broadcast distri. butions; a townsite and hous. ing companys; an irrigation company and it also owns and operates its own experimental farms, Its steamships are sec- ond .to none on the Atlantic and Pacific - Oceans and also in world-cruise and other cruise services and its flag is known throughout the seven seas. Agencies throughout the world constitute not only rep- resentation for the company but also for Canada, in whose life the corporation is a very important factor. EXPRESS COMPANY USES AIR SERVICES Combines Planes With Railway ----European Passenger Bookings RUE to its policy of developing and maintaining the most up- to-date methods, the Canadian Pa- cific 'Express Company, itself part of the world's greatest transporta- tion system has been fully alive to the use of the airplane, both as an independent unit and also in con- nection with the trains and steam- ships of the Canadian Pacific Rail- | way, To-day air express is in common use throughout Eastern Canada and also in the Prairie Provinces. In the East, the service runs be- tween Windsor, London, Hamilton, Toronto, and Ottawa in the Pro- vince of Ontario, and thence to Montreal for Quebec and Rimouski, in the Province of Quebec, to con- nect with incoming and outgoing ners, In Western Canada, dally air ex- press service is in operation be- tween Winnipeg and Calgary, via Regina, Moose Jaw and Medicine Hat, and also between Regina and Edmonton, via Saskatoon and North Battleford. The Canadian Pacific Express Company, with a highly organized "ground service," not only in Can- ada from coast to coast, but also in Europe and in the Orient, is in an excellent position to take the fullest advantage of air service. Thus 16 European air lines are. . now linked with the Company, and parcels may be routed from Can- ada to London and relayed thence to practically any country on the continent by air express. In addition to this the Canadian Pacific Express Company acts as passenger agent for the various air lines, and passengers can book air tickets at its London and Paris offices, or hire air taxis for private trips in Europe. COMMUNICATIONS Telegraph and Cable Traffic Assumes Huge Proportions RADIO BROADCASTS Concert Transmission Important Feature of Company's Service M cdern communication methods, as interpreted by telegraph, cable and radio-broadcast, form an important part of the service of the Canadian Pacific Railway Company to the public of Canada and othe: countries, and have been steadily developed to keep abreast of the requirements of the day. In 1930, through 1,642 offices in Canada, 761,694 messages were sent and 5,612,446 received, exclu- sive of service messages in connec tion with the company's operations, Cables sent totalled 840,408 and cables received 313,854. The 'total wire mileage, including carrier sys- tem, was 234,404 miles. The pola mileage was 17,718 miles, or a total of 708,720 poles. It is interesting to note that while the number of telegrams quoted above is tho number actually handled, the average relay on a message is 6%; therefore the true total of "operations" would be 31,« 524,317 for telegrams sent, and 30,- 318,463 for those received. The total personnel of the Telegraph Department is 2,681 officers and employees. Train telephones are operated over 8,965 miles of the company's wire and this arrangement enables any train crew to make immediate connection with the train dis- patcher at any time, by means of portable equipment carried on trains, RADIO PROGRAMS. Outstanding among the accom plishments of the year which has just closed is the installation of the radio program transmission system, covering the Dominion from Halifax to Vancouver, com- prising a total of 37 repeater sta tions, serving a chain of 21 broad- cast stations; which bring to the Juotie the programs originated by e company through its various troupes of artists, outstanding among which are "The Musical Cruisaders" and "Melody Mike's Music Shop." Growth of the telegraph system, keeping pace at all times 'both with the needs of the railway and of the public, has been something of a phenomenon, when it is real- ized that the year 1887 saw only 435 offices in operation, handling a total of 667,480 messages, as against the astounding figures for the year 1930. NEW QUEEN OF "WHITE EMPRESSES" mais mmo Loe-- great an Pacific Railway Company of today. STERN BATTLE of the hammer that day marked the beginning of a new era for Canada, It set a definite seal upon Canadian Confederation and turn- ed it into an actual accomplished fact. Photography has made perman- ent the memorable scene enacted at the little station of Craigel- USES "BOOSTER" A feature of the machine iz the "booster," which furnishes extra power for getting a heavy load into motion and developing speed up to 12 miles an hour, after which it ceases to function. This is a separate power unit and acts on the wheels of the trailing truck of irrigation company and it owns and operates experimental farms. Its steamships are second to none on the Atlantic and Pacific. The "Empress of Japan", which entered the trans-Pacific service last sum- mer, has established herself as the fastest and most comfortable ship running between the Orient and in Europe, who sald that the line could never be built and that if it were it would run through un- productive barren lands and "never pay for its axle-grease." And ever since that memorable day, the traffic over the steel high- way from the*Atlantic to the Pa- The new 42,500-ton "Em, route service this sgring. will for the of the t Atl Checker-Board House Flag | of Britain', of which a scale model is shown above, due to enter the St. Lawrence the last word in travel comfort, as well ss speed, and is expected 1 ng co ie run the glant ships in the New York trade. © 9 be d+ trong eoutonder "EMPRESS OF BRITAIN" Brit- i geile Ea , | the American continent. plying between Empire ports in the , {new glant "Empress of Britain", The company also operates numer- an honored and important place in Next summer, the Atlantic will see the biggest and fastest ship ous cabin-class ships, which have become a tradition in the St. Law- rence trade and winter cruises. It will therefore be appreciated that the claim of the company to the Dominion's affairs is fully jus- tified. Its ramifications extend to the ends of the earth, through countless agencies; its checker- board flag is known on the seven seas and its service as an ambassa- At home, It 1s a very portant national institution and, directly and indirectly, a great in- fluence on the lives of the Cdna-~ dian people. lachle, British Columbia, on No. vember 7, 1885, when Donald A. Smith, cona, in the presence of a .little knot of officials and workmen, gathered drove the final spike, completing the line of steel from Atlantie to Pacific. . afterwards Jord Strath- in the morning mist, "It was a quiet and serious 'group," says one who was present. "They stood as though stunned by the enormous significance of the event, and then someone gave a shout -- perhaps it was the little water boy---and in a perfect frenzy cheering broke out again again. The event might rightly be termed 'The Birth of a Nation." and Thus was completed a task for glants. None but men of tremend- ous vision and courage would have put their hands to it. A Dominion Government - had tried and failed. cific has increased steadily; ish Columbia fruit has become well-known on Eastern markets; Ontario manufactures have found their way through the Rocky Mountains and across the seas through the ever-growing port of Vancouver and the peoples of the various provinces of the great Confederation have become more and more conscious of one another till the nucleus of a great nation has been formed. Those largely responsible for the completion of the truly heroic task which made these things possible have, many of them, found eternal recompense, but thelr work is being pursued with the same sane and courage- ous wpirit which they Inculcated into the very foundations of the great structure which they spou~ sored. "5900" LOCOMOTIVE IS EMBODIMENT OF POWER ; The great locomotive shown enormous power bas Secossary $0 ibe passes of the meomeres oF ds ane of 5 fleet of 20 now In / ote radls through tunacls, th Bh the R Mountains, w od back cow pf the engine. The "5900" is 80 times heavier than Stephenson's 'Rocket,' de- velops 4,200 horse-power, or about 85 times that of thé "Rocket" and costs about 45 times as much. The accompanying picture shows one of these monsters. It will be noted that the size of the boller is so great that the cowl on the smokestack has to be folded back to allow the locomotive's passage through tunnels. It is interesting to compare this dian Pacific's first engine, the "Countess of Dufferin," which is pictured elsewhere on this page. But this is not all. A locomo- tive is now building in the Angus Shops, Montreal, under guidance of the company's experts, which is designed to give a tractive effort of 83,200 1bs. BIGGER STILL This new engine, in which Can- adian materials will be used, with the sole exception of materials not procurable from Canadian manu- tacturers, will weigh 466,500 Ibs. without tender. With the tender, the weight will be 764,000 Ibs. or 14,000 bs. heavier than the "5900." Steam will be used in the cylin- der of the new giant at 830 lbs. pressure. The locomotive will op- erate under multiple pressure, through a new su steam process, power being developed through three cylinders, the centre, high preasure, one being 15 inches in diameter by 28 stroke' and the two outer, or low great locomofive* with the Cana- "Jean", in 1819, Old records show that 112 years ago an advertisement in the Glas- gow papers announced that the brig "Jean", Alexander Allan, mas- ter, would sail for Quebec. This was the start of the Allan Line which was later absorbed by the Canadian Pacific. Still another comparison npy be drawn. The "Jean" was feet long, had a beam of 22 feet and her tonnage was 169. Her youngest sister, the "Empress of Britain"--due to enter service May 27, has a tonnage of 42,600. Led by the "Empress of Britain" the Atlantic fleet comsists of 18 vessels. Three of these are de luxe vessels, sailing between Quebec, Well Known on Seven Seas White Empresses Lead Great Fleet, Serving Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and operating Numerous Cruise Services. apid though the growth of the Dominion of Canada has been an even more rapid development from small beginnings is shown by a study of the great ocean fleet of the Canadian Pacific Steamships. This line, now accredited leader in vessels of 10,000 tons and upwards on the Atlantic and Pacific, with a tonnage today of 427,028 is 2500 -- 2526 to he exact -- times the size of the nucleus of its fleet, the brig Montreal. They are 600 feet long, 76 feet wide. In gervice to Mont- real, Southampton and continental ports is a trio of "Mont" ships, the "Montcalm", "Montclare" and "Montrose", popular ships that have earned high praise. Glasgow and Liverpool are served by the "Meli- ta" and "Minnedosa". Five fast freighters of the "Beaver" {ype complete the Atlantic fleet. These freighters are 10,000-ton, 15-knot ships that frequently equal the speed of smaller passenger liners on the St. Lawrence service. They lack, however, the speed of Cana- dian Pacific passenger liners, although they hold all records for freight speed. On the Pacific as on the St. Law- rence service, Canadian Pacific ves- sels have captured all speed rec- ords. Serving Honolulu, Japan, China and the Philippines from Vancouver and Victoria a fortnight- ly service is maintained by four Empresses, the "Empress of Jap- an", largest, fastest and newest HAS MANY FEATURES HE new "Empress of Brit- ain", the largest ship built in Great Britain since the war and the largest trading between Empire ports, has a number of special features for the com- fort and accommodation of her passengers. She is the onl ship on the seven seas whic has a squash-rackets courts she also has a full-sized tennis court and her public rooms, in addition fo their decoration b outstanding British artists, wilt all bear distinctive names. The dining room will he known as the "Salle Jacques Cartier", the ball room as the "Empress Room" and the already-famous Heath Robinson cocktail-bar as the "Knickerbocker Bar". Her advent into the Canadian trade on May 27 will be an epoch-marking event and her : ot omethin of a revela- on, hoth er passengers and to the shipping world gen. erally, » - liner on the Pacific and the Em« presses of Canada, Asia and Russia. Cruises are operated during the winter months around the world, to the West Indies, two from New York and one from England, to the Mediterranean, and to the Isles of the Blest from England, and the "Duchess of York" maintains a weekly service from New York to Hamilton, Bermuda. Only Pm- presses and Duchesses are émploy- ed in the cruise services. Records of trans-Atlantic traffio. during 1930 by all lines showed, that the Canadian Pacific carried more passengers than the combin- ed carryings of all other lines