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THE DAILY TIMES:GAZETTE TUESDAY, MAY 4, 1948 Marks Culmination Of Team Effort ons rn ht PAGE SIX Starting f Press h 4 Mechanical Work Sees Co-ordination Of 5 Departments When the giant Hoe press in The Times - Gazette building starts spewing forth its daily quota of newspapers each week day, it sig- nals the culmination of the efforts of a closely co-ordinated team. The actual mechanical produc- tion of a mewspaper is an amaz- ingly complex job, involving five inter-locking departments, three in the composing room, and the stereotype and press departments. Let's take a quick look at how a story reaches the newspaper from the time it leaves the editor's hands till it "hits the street." First, the typed copy, clearly marked for the page it is to go on, is placed on a spike in the composing room. It is taken from the hook by a lino- type operator who sets it in type on his complicated machine. Then proofs are pulled, and the proof and copy go to the proof-reading department where it is closely checked for typographical and spelling errors. Meanwhile the me- tal type is taken by the make-up man to the counter, called a "stone", where the type is placed in newspaper' page sized "chase." Begins to Take Form It is here that the newspaper page begins to take form. First the advertisements are placed in the chase and then the mews stories -and headings are placed around them to fill the page. This process is known as "make-up." After the page is made up, the heavy chase filled with type is locked tight to prevent the type from getting out of place. Then the chase is slipped from the stone on- to a truck which takes it to the mat roller, where matrices, or "mats" as they are known in news- paper offices are placed over the type. An . impression is taken from each page on a previously prepared matrix which resembles a piece of thick moist cardboard. When this is placed on top of the type, cork and felt blankets are put on it to act as a cushion. Then it is roll- ed by the mat roller which gives a pressure of 30 tons per square inch, so that a complete impression of every detail of the type and illus- tration is left on the matrix. Placed in Scorcher In stereotyping for the Duplex press, the matrix is then placed in the "scorcher," a hollow heated cy- lindrical machine which revolves at an extremely high speed. The cen- trifugal force plus the heat dries the matrix, eliminating every drop of moisture so that it will retain the impression. While this pro- cess is underway, the matrix is al- so shaped to its curve required to make the plate which will later go on the press. When the matrix comes from the scorcher, it is placed in what Is called ea casting box. Stereotype metal is pumped into the box from a huge furnace which holds 8,000 pounds of the molten metal heated to 600 degrees. This makes a cylinder plate on the outside of which is the printing surface, with the type matter and illustrations standing out in relief, where the metal has filled the depressions in the matrix. This plate is quickly cooled by running water and can be removed from the 'casting box a - Completed newspapers, folded and ready for delivery, are shown above) coming off the press. The Times-Gazette plant has a production capacity of over one million newspapers a month. Best Wishes to the T IMES-GAZETTE for a successful OPEN HOUSE Knowing the importance of keeping the public fully informed about our business and their interest in seeing what goes on behind the scenes, we congratulate the Times-Gazette on its decision to make i S t possible for you to see how a modern daily newspaper operates. we A. A. GILLESPIE, Manager (S THE BELL TELEPHONE /\ O° ZG x COMPANY OF CANADA TX Included in the hinery used in the composing room are these Elrod machines which cast rules, borders and other materials needed in the make-up of a newspaper. Say Prices Fixed In South Africa Durban, South Africa--(CP) -- Price fixing by manufacturers Is said to be defeating the prospects of success in the governments Red- col (reduce the cost of living) plans, Clothing manufacturers, it is re- ported, are forcing retailers to keep up the cost of cloth. Some factories with a monopoly in "bread and but= ter' lines--shirts sports = jackets, flannel trousers and ready-made suits--are alleged to be imposing their own terms on their customers. A small business man said that retailers of goods made by these manufacturers were required to sell at a profit of not less than 57% per cent and that those who sald to the public below the fixed price had their supplies cut off, This practice was convenient to the big stores, which needed high profits to meet overhead expenses, but it was ruinous to the small outfitter. He said he himself was prepared to work on a margin of 33% per cent profit, but if he did so the manufacturers would refuse to sup- ply him, an dno business like his could carry on without their lines. A Durham representative of one of the big factbries admitted that prices were fixed to protect the big stores against undercutting. "Our best customers are those A busy spot in the main office of The Times-Gazette is the switchboard, Mrs. Elsie Brown, shown above, handles hundreds of local and long distance calls daily. The Times-Gazette has a direct telephone Hpe to Toronto. { which need a profit margin of 57% books," he said. "We obviously can= per cent, and the small outfitters |not encourage our smallest custome do not amount to much on our |ers to undercut our biggest." o> few minutes after the metal has been poured into it. Plate Trimmed The Duplex plate, when it is taken from the casting box, is us- ually eight to ten inches longer than the width of the page. It is cast in this way so that the top or surface metal which is usually por- ous, may be trimmed off, thus leav- ing a finished plate of the purest and finest grade metal. After the plate has been trimmed and properly finished it goes to the pressman ready to reproduce the printed page of the paper. The stereotype equipment of The Times-Gazette is the most modern obtainable. Since the newspaper owns two presses--a Hoe and a Duplex, two methods, following the same general procedure are used. The stereotype machinery for the Hoe press is fully automatic and can cast two plates a minute. After the plates come from the sterotype department, they are sent to the press room where they are fastened to the press cylinders and become a part of the huge ma- chine. Eight plates are clamped on each of the cylinders and are lock- ed into position securely. Finely Adjusted The cylinder carrying the print- ing surface -- news, advertisements and pictures -- comes in contact with other cylinders covered with rubber blankets and tough cloth so finely adjusted that the paper run- ning between them receives just enough pressure to pick up the im- pression of the plates, ink is car- ried up to the plate cylinders by means of another set of rollers from the ink fountains or reser- voirs below. The paper, on rolls weighing about 900 pounds each, is fed to its proper unit, pressed against one of the cylinders and then on through the press. The long ribbons of pa- per travel forward to the front of the press where other rollers gath- er them together and feed them in- to a shaper or former which gives them the first or lengthwise fold found in the finished paper. The folder, which is one of the finest pieces of machinery of its kind, cuts the sheets into proper length, gives the paper a second fold "delivers them neatly on 4 Wire"carrier arrangement to the mailing room where they are bundled for delivery. Each Has Two Motors Both the Hoe and Duplex press- es are each powered by twa elec- tric motors of five and 50 horse- power, The smaller motors start the presses and when a speed is reached, they automatical- ly cut off and the bigger motors take over. These motors are oper- ated by sets of push buttons which enable the pressmen to turn the cylinders an inch at a time if nec- essary while the plates are being clamped on, move them gradually from low speed to high-speed or retard speed or in the case of emer- gency, bring the presses to a full stop in a few seconds. The Times-Gazette is printed on the Hoe press, which is composed of three units and is capable of turning out 15,000 complete 48- page papérs an hour. Before the Hoe press was p by the management, the Duplex press was used. Since installation of the Hoe, the Duplex has been used ex- clusively for weekly, bi-monthly and monthly publications printed on newsprint as well as advertising newspapers. This work is handled by the Rotary Printing Company, 2 division of the Oshawa Times Much Machinery With seven lino and intertype machines and two Ludlows for set- ting type; two Elrod machines for casting borders, rules, etc; a brand new routing machine, the stereo- type machinery and the two press- es, over one million newspapers are turned out monthly from The Times-Gazette plant. More than fifty employees are on the mechanical staff, including linotype operators, compositors, pressmen, stereotypers, the main- tenance staff and truck drivers. Plant Superintendent is Harry Cowley, while Les Coles is in charge of the night staff. Erie Peeling is the day superintendent of the press room and Robert Jeyes the night foreman. The trucks, which deliver the finished papers to cus- tomers, are in charge of Merve Wright and Frank Baker heads the maintenance staff. Chingford, Essex, Eng. (CP).-- Mrs, Elizabeth Dickinson, who cele- brated her 100th birthday, is a niece of Captain Robert Dixon, R.N., who commanded the first convict transport ship to Tasmania. A Good City Is Known By Its POWER ~ ELECTRICITY » GOOD WATER « Oshawa's Supply of Both Choice Water & Electricity Is-of Inestimable Benefit To Its Industries and Citizens. fos In Every Line of Manufacturing . . . From Newspapers To Motor Cars . .. We Are Ready To Serve! Congratulations to The Times-Gazette on the completion of their new building . . . whose electrical transformation has been entirely changed to modern design in accordance with our request and specifications . . . Truly, electricity and water supplied by your Public Utilities Commis- sion helps make the publication of your Daily Times-Gazette possible. The Times-Gazette, at their own expense, followed the policy urged by our commission to have unsightly power services removed from the main streets to the rear of properties . .. it is our hope that others will follow this example and help us to complete a transformation of the appear- ance of our streets. OSHAWA PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION | GEORGE SHREVE, Gen. Man. . S. J. BABE, Chairman