The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

| L 4 OPINIONS DAILY TIMES-CAZETTE EDITORIAL PACE FEATURES -- OSHA THE OSHAWA TIMES (Established 1871) THE WHITBY GAZETTE & CHRONICLE (Establshed 1863) Daily Times-Gazette of the C: The Times-Gazette 1s a A es and the Audit Buresu of the Canadi Daily Ni Providelial Dallies Association Circulations. The Of di Press is y entitled to the use for in this credited ogg sem inl mgd Reuters And also the local news published thersin All rights of special desp3tches herein are also reserved. A. R. ALLOWAY, President and Publisher T. L, WILSON, Vice-F d and M. McINTYRE HOOD, Margging Editor SUBSCRIPTION RATES livered carrier in Oshawa,' Whitby, Brooklin, Port ing RA Pickering, 24c per week. By mall, outside carrier delivery areas, anywhere in Canada and England, y , US. $9.00 per year $i per ¥ poof p+ b+ Post Office Department, Ottawa, Canada, DAILY AVERAGE CIRCULATION for OCTOBER 9,135 MONDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1948 Aid For Britain An appeal is now being made, through- out the whole of Canada, to provide substantial aid for the people of Britain in the form of food, clothing and other supplies to be purchased through the United Emergency Fund for Britain. Dur- ing the last few months, a strong organiz- ation has been built 'up 'in every province to sponsor the raising of funds for this purpose. ; There are few people in this country SN who dre not aware of the difficult condi- tions under which the British people are laboring. Their food rations are now considerably less than during the darkest period of the war in 1940 and 1941. There is a great lack of those things which provide variety to their diet, and play an important part in building up their physical strength and their morale. Clothing is also very scarce and severely rationed, and they are subject to restrictions such as have never been known in this country. The purpose of the United Emergency Fund for Britain is to raise as much money as it is possible to secure, and buy the food, clothing and other essential supplies in this country, to be shipped to Britain under the supervision of the organization's ad- visory council. The British government has undertaken ito absorb all ocean shipping charges, and to provide free dockage, handling, inland transportation and ware- housing in Britain. Therefore the fund raised in Canada can all be used for the purchase of the supplies so urgently re" quired by the British people. This is a cause which is worthy of the support of all Canadians, and it is hoped that some organization will be set up in Oshawa so that the loyal people of this community may have an opportunity to share in this effort. A Two-Way Street Finance Minister Abbott, speaking in Bos- ton the other day, took advantage of the opportunity to place squarely before the people of the United States the trade posi- tion as it exists between Canada and the United States. While admitting there had been some improvement in the trade bal- ance between the two countries, he pointed out that further improvement could be achieved only by increasing exports to the United States, or reducing imports from the United States. It should be noted that the improvement in the Canadian adverse balance in United States dollars has not been achieved by any substantial ~ progress in making trade be- tween the two countries a two-way street. Part of the improvement has heen brought about by restrictions imposed on imports from the United States, and the rest of it because of purchases made in Canada under the European Recovery Plan, for shipment to Europe, which cannot be regarded as within the scope of mormal trade between the two countries. It is obvious that so long as Canada im- ports two dollars' worth of goods from the United States for every dollars' worth ex- ported to that country, the balance will re- main on the wrong side to an overwhelming extent. The only sure way in which the sit- uation can be remedied and put on a basis of safety for this country is by a removal of some of the barriers which stand in the way of Canadian goods being sold to the United States in greater volume. Free Legal Service The British government has taken a step which is revolutionary, but which is one of the most advanced measures ever taken by any goypsnment. It has introduced in the House a a bill providing free legal-service for all people with annual in- comes of under $1,680 or with less than $500 in savings, It is supposed to be traditional in Brit- press, [not work out that way. ish countries that the law is equal to all people, rich and poor alike, and that the possession of wealth is no advantage be- fore the law. But in actual practice, it does In many cases, where one litigant is a wealthy corporation and the other a poor man, the advantage is all with the corporation. - It is able to en- gage a high-priced legal expert to fight its case, while the poor man is often left with- out the benefit of legal advice, or has to engage a much less experienced lawyer. And in a court that often makes a great deal of difference. There has been, in Ontario, a system where legal advice is given free to indigent people on a basis of voluntary service by 'members of the legal profession. But under the new British system, this service will be given as a matter of right, and the lawyer will be paid by the state on the basis'of 85 per cent of the normal fee in high courts, and 100 pr cent of the fee in county courts. This will be a great boon to people who require the assistance of the law to estab- lished their rights, and is a measure which might be commended to the attention of the Attorney-General. of Ontario for con- sideration, because Ontario does need just such a law. Editorial Notes Here's another reason advanced for the victory of President Truman in the recent U.S. election. The farm men and women of the United States like a President who gets up at five-thirty in the morning. * ok NX Rev. Norman Rawson of Hamilton was right when he said "You cannot destroy the onrush of aggressive Communism by nega- tive propaganda. It is not enough to curse Russian Communism." The most effective weapon against Communism is a more posi- tive attitude on the benefits of a free de- mocracy. * * * * Judging from the number of hunters who have gone north from Oshawa and district, a great many people must think they are still in the pioneer days when it was necessary to kill game to live. * %x %x & Orators like to assert we have moved far away from the horse and buggy days, but right now we seem to be returning to the coal oil lamp and candle days. © Other Editors' Views eo AN EXAMPLE (Brockville Recorder and Times) A Canada goose forced down through fatigue dur- ing its flight to southern feeding grounds is being tenderly cared for by a Northern Ontario family be- fore being released. We hope this news will reach the ears of the Alexandra Bay hunters who bagged three geese of a rare species as they were feeding in a marsh, also en route south, and seem to be quite proud of their exploit. * wk» OBJECT OF SCHOOLING (Brandon Sun) The only thing more expensive than education is ignorance. You cannot teach a man anything; you can only help him to find it within himself. It must be remembered that the purpose of education is not to fill the minds of students with facts, it is not to reform them, or to amuse them, or make them expert technicians in any field. . It is to teach them to think, if that is possible, and to think always for them- selves * kk x SYNTHETIC DIET (Guelph Mercury) A British scientist prophesies that one day syn- thetic food and drink will be made by chemists in factories. There will be no need to till the soil, to breed cattle, to brew heer, or distill whiskey, or to import wine. We will sip chemical cocktails. We will breakfast on tablets and dine on pellets. Al- ready synthetic" vifaniins are being prescribed by doctors in the form of pills. We can chew sunlight and masticate sunshine. But we shudder at the prospect of a laboratory race of men A synthetic diet is fit only for Robots, ® A Bit of Verse eo END OF AUTUMN Down from the tree it came fluttering, fluttering; A sad little leaf of gold, " "Tis no time to wander, in gusty November, Oh! where shall I hide from the cold?" Away o'er the fields it went fluttering, fluttering, Chased by the merciless wind; y The fir tree called softly, "O come to my shelter, I will be gentle and kind." ; But away to the meadows, fluttering, fluttering; Now slowly and almost spent; And the soft-fingered grasses a cradle made ready, And the little gold leaf was content. ~--Madeline G. Dexter (For.the M ger) "HOW DO YOU LIKE THIS UNIFORM FOR OUR WESTERN UNION ARMY?" ? Franc Tireur, Paris. Looking Around The Wc orld By DEWITT MACKENZIE Associated Press News Analyst The bill now before the parlia- ment of Eire, to sever the last re- maining tie between that country and the Commonwealth, will cause no surprise to those who know the depth of the bitterness which the Southern Irish feel for England. That is strong language. But if you had been a witness of the "Bloody Easter Week Rebellion" of 1916 and had seen other phases of the strife in that tumultuous per- fod then you would understand. I ran into a striking illustration of this the last time I was in Dub- lin. I was out to take pictures of some of the old buildings of the capital, and wanted to include the House of Parliament. That was dif- ficult because a huge statue of Queen Victoria stood right in front of the structure and all but cut oft the front view. I had finally taken a couple of pictures when a uni- formed officer came up and said: "We can't have a picture of the parliament buildings taken with the Queen in front of it." "Well," I remarked, as I took an- other look at the famous Queen who had been dead half a century, "I knew the feeling here against England was bitter, but I didn't suppose it was this bad." Last Link The officer ducked his head, by way of humorous acknowledgement that my comment had registered, but he carried away the film.which I had handed him. Within a few minutes a govern- ment official telephoned me at my hotel and apologiiszd for the inci- dent. My film was returned. The only tie remaining between England and Eire is an act which allows the King to accredit Eire's representatives in foreign countries and to sign international agree- ments. That isn't much of a bond, but Prime Minister John Costello's bill will cut even that, if passed by Parliament. The gain will be absolute sover- eignty without any semblance of attachment to the British Crown. However, British Commonwealth leaders in Paris predict that when the Costello bill has become law Britain and Eire will start negotia- ting a treaty for a close military and economic alliance, though this possibility is denied in Dublin. However, representatives of Brit- ain, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand have stated informally that they want to continue close economic and political associations with Eire. e 15 Years Ago A 'request for the widening of Highway No. 2 between Oshawa and Toronto was sent to the On- tario Department of Highways by the Oshawa Chamber of Com- merce, Miss Laura Jones received a handsome gift from the staff of the O.C.V.I. at a banquet tendered her on her retirement. Oshawa Boy Scouts are operating a toy shop to provide toys for families of needy children at Christmas, Many Ontario and Durham County farmers appeared promi- nently in the prize lists at the Royal Winter Fair. The Government Employment Bureau in Oshawa moved from its office at 8 Bond Street West to new premises at 64 King Street West. Two Men Killed ~ After Shooting Toronto, Nov. 22--(CP) -- Police Sunday night laid charges against one of two men shot in what offi- cers said was an underworld feud over a stolen car, They charged Frank Battaglia, 35, with auto theft, receiving and fraud. Battaglia and John Suther- land, 24, both were in hospital with bullet ds in their legs. ® A Bible Thought e When a 'child of God approaches the throne of grace with the name of Jesus upon his lips, and the glory of the Father as the supreme desire of his heart, he wields the nearest to ipfinite power that ever comes within 'the grasp of mortal man. : "Let us therefore come boldly unto the throne of grace, that we may obtain mercy, and find grace to help in time of need." (Heb. 4:16). : Lf .Officers said both men were hit by the same .32-calibre bullet, fired at close range. It pierced Suther- land's leg, came out and struck Battaglia. Police said Battaglia stole a car in Hamilton and sold it to a Toronto dealer after it had been registered falsely. . The two men told police they had been shot while attempting to dis- arm a drunk. Later they denied the story and refused to give details of the shooting. 1) N Business Spotlight By The Canadian Press . Although the federal government now has a budgetary surplus of some $533,600,000, Finance Minis- ter Abbott is warning Canadians not to expect him to break the rec- ord he set last year. 3 Mr. Abbott wound up the 1947- 48 fiscal year with a record-break- ing surplus of $670,000,000. He said recently the surplus this year likely will not be more than $500,000,000 and will be nowhere near the $1,- 000,000,000 which some Canadians were setting as the probable sur- plus. Although revenues .may run | ahead of expenditures right until | the final month of the year, there are a number of lump sum pay- ments which will eat quickly into the surplus. For instance, $207,000,000 will be taken out of the treasury next March to refund the compulsory savings taken from Canadians dur- ing the war along with their income tax payments. The payment will represent: debt retirement, but at the same time it will be a charge against the treasury. Mr, Abbott is not dropping any hints agosto what he will do when the time comes to get to work on the 1949-50 budget. There is no in- dication that he plans to depart from 'his practice of budgetting for surpluses in times of plenty and applying them against the public debt. 1 If Canadians had more money available there would be a scram- ble for goods in short supply. Prices would be sure to rise more rapidly than otherwise. "The apparent benefits of tax | MRT reduction would prove to be a mir- age, except perhaps to those strong and fortunate groups which can profit more than they suffer by ris- ing prices," said Mr. Abbott. Will Darken Entire City By Midweek Toronto, Nov. 22 -- (CP) -- The three-a-day power - interruptions which all but the downtown area of Toronto has experienced since Ontario's hydro shortage became acute will spread to the entire city by midweek. Mechanical arrangements for in- ter: 2pting the flow of power to the business and commercial heart of Canada's second largest city are nearly complete. Special adjust- ments in city circuits were neces- sery. Hydro officials promised Sunday night that no hospitals will be darkened by the new cutoffs. All lar;> general hospitals have been guaranteed full power while small- er ones which do not handle emer- gency cases will receive a limited amount, Mayor Hiram E. McCallum has expressed hope that the downtown power breaks may save enough power to enable some or all of the week-day evening cutoffs from 7 to 7:45 o'clock to be eliminated. Meanwhile, Toronto hydro com- missioners scheduled a meeting to- dey with Robert Saunders, Ontario hydro chairman, to discuss a plan to obtain Diesel or steam-powered generating equipment for Toronto. The equipment would cost several million dollars and it was learned that the city would ask the province to buy the machinery on condition that the city operated and main- tained it. Fear that a power-saving scheme in suburban Mount Dennis calling for a shortened work week would deprive 4,000-5,000 workers of one day's pay each .eek was voiced Sunday at a joint meeting of man- agement, councillors and labor. The scheme was due to start operation today. : Sarnia consumers had good news during the week-:nu That South- western Ontario industrial city's daily quota was boosted to 96,000 kilowatt hours from 82,209. As the shortage brought on by lack of water at generating plants and by 'increasing industrial de- mands continued, it was learned that the province breaks even con-, cerning power exports-fo the United States. For the energy exported, the Provincial Power Commission re- ceives in return additional water Mac's Musings Communities are divided Into two kinds Of people: Those who take, And those who give. The folks who ta' Are those who sit At home when called to votc In elections, But who are prone To criticize Those who are glected, To public office. The folks who take Are those who never Take any part In public affairs; Who never stand For public offices; Who demand All the rights And privileges Of citizenship, But refuse to accept The duties, Ang responsibilities. The folks who give Are those who feel The call Of public service; Who give their time, Their energy And ability, freely, To serve their fellow men; Who think more Of responsibilities Than privileges; More of duties Than rights. These are the folks Who are criticized By those who take, , But who, Rising above criticism, Continue to serve Their community In public office. There is a challenge To every citizen, In these days Of municipal elections To decide Whether they will be Those who give, Or those who take. Looking Ahead In Ottawa By the Ottawa Staff of The Canadian Press Ottawa, Nov. 21 -- (CP) -- If and when Canada's roughly 112,000 civil servants get all or part of the cost-of-living bonus they want, the increase is also expected to affect the 37,000-odd men who serve in the three armed forces. If the total flat bonus sought were granted, it would add about $61,000,000 a year to federal expen- ditures for the civil servants. A similar addition of the services would mean roughly another $20,- (00,000. CBC employees have already been granted $15-a-month bonus. There have been varying reports on the outcome of the bonus cam- paign as the cabinet continues to study the request for some $46 a nth for each civil servant on the basis of the cost-of-living index. At Oct. 1--The latest date for which a report is available--the of- ficial index was 159.6, compared with 1422 at this time last year. The rise since the outbreak of war has been 58.3 per cent. Accountants The Canadian Tax Foundation, | an organization composed of char- tered accountants and others inter- ested in Canada's tax laws, will hold its second annual conference here this week. At the foundation's first confer- ence last year, delegates reviewed the government's proposed revision of the Income Tax Act and pro- duced a report, used by business and professional organizations to prepare recommendations invited by the government regarding the new act. The act will be discussed again this year and some suggestions for alteration may be made. Finance Minister Abbott will ad- dress the foundation's closing din- ner Tuesday. is CASH LOANS *50 io $1000 PROMPT SERVICE When you need money, borrow from HouseHoLD FINANCE, Canada's oldest and largest consumer finance organization. You may borrow $50, $100, $200. or up to $1000 on your own signa- ture without endorsers or bankable security. Repay monthly -- 6, 12, 18 or even 24 months, depending upon the repayment plan you choose. Loans are made to single persons or married couples. Borrow for Any Good Reason HFC customers borrow to consoli- date past due bills, pay medical efpenses, repairs, seasonal or emergency expenses, and for many other purposes. Phone or see us for prompt, friendly service. 15 Simeoa Street South Over Kresge's Phone Oshawa 3601 OSHAWA, ONT, Hours 9 to 5 or by appointment Loans made to residents of nearby towns SERVING THE PUBLIC SINCE 1878 HOUSEHOLD gp F177. Td at Niagara Falls. WPS EFA AER PAR, ANAF 74 | Defamation By STUART UNDERHILL Canadian Press Staff Writer London, Nov. 22-- (CP)--No changes in Britain's libel laws are likely for some time, despite strong recommendations, by a govern- ment-appointed committee, for more generous consideration of the cir- cumstances in which offences are committed, : Prime Minister Attlee told the House of Commons that legislation will be necessary if it is decided to adopt the suggestions of Lord Por- ter's committee on the Law of De- famation. No such action is plan- ned in the present session of Par- liament,. : Main theme of the committee's report is that the defendant in libel actions does not always get a fair break. When statements are made in Parliament or in the course of Judicial proceedings, they are "priv- ileged" and may be quoted by news- papers without fear their contents are actionable. The committee recommends that for purposes of privilege a "news- paper" should be defined as a 'per- iodical published at intervals not exceeding 36 days, instead of the present 26 days. It recommends a more generous interpretation of *'joint liability." As the law now stands an editor and publisher are .responsible for everything appearing in their pa- per. They might print a letter mak- ing what seemed a legitimate com- ment on the policy of a Member of Parliament. But if were proved the writer acted in spite, his comment would be actionable and the editor and newspaper both liable. It also urges that more freedom be given to the defence pleas of justification (that the allegation was substantially true) and fair comment (based on matters of pub- lic interest and made honestly). Where the committee, would like to see a tightening of the laws is in statements broadcast over the radio. At present the interpreta- tion is that spoken allegations con- stitute slander, not defamation. The committee says it encounter- ed considerable opinion favoring safeguards against group defama- tion--"false statements vilifying not | identifiable individuals, but groups or classes or persons distinguishable by race, color, creed or vocation." It decided against recommending changes. Group defamation seems to vary with current political trends and "much as we deplore all pro- vocation to hatred or contempt for bodies and groups. . . we cannot fail to be impressed by the danger of curtailing free and frank--albeit, hot and hasty--political discussion and criticism." ® Readers Views To the Editor, The Times-Gazette. Dear Sir, I note in today's Times< Gazette that Mr. Fenwick is to seek a place once more on the city council. I believe all voters would be very interested to learn just what Mr. Fenwick thinks the coun- cil could do with regard to the power shortage. We wonder just what fresh view- points Mr. Fenwick would present to the council. Of course, the L.P.P, would provide plenty of .fresh viewe points with which Mr. Fenwick is well acquainted. As a voter, the writer feels that we should have men of long residence, natives if possible, in our council. I doubt if Mr. Fenwick cares over much about any of our cities; his is a much larger view. Yours, . AN I Nov. 20, 1948, Oshawa, READER. EARLY NORTH AMERICAN Discoveries in New Mexico indi- cate that man inhabited this cone tinent as long as 25,000 years ago. GENERAL ELECTRIC 2 oN . CANADIAN GENERAL ELECTRI co [er TURNING THE PAGES OF Covad Ubolbveiton!" When Jacques Cartier arrived in Canada in 1534, he found the Indians living in strange-looking tepees made of branches and skins. In 1608, Samuel de Champlain's fort was made of wood, surrounded by a stockade. The buildings that followed were made of great hewn beams, chinked with mortar, In 1639, in Sillery, Quebec, the erection of a two-storey, stone building was an ambie tious project--but by 1750, most buildings were of stone, with windows of oiled paper, Style in early Canada brought wood again into the build- ing picture. Soon frame houses appeared, and gaily stood out from their drab stone neighbours. 2 Brick began to replace stone around 1800 in new buildings, and today many houses are of warm, substantial brick construction. Today we have "solar" houses, : of shiny; light aluminum, The opportunity for new ideas in construction are boundless -- because there's room to grow in Canada U limited. BREWING COMPANY LIMITED F3.211 LX