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Oldtime Editors In Western States Carried Revolvers for Self-Defence By STANLEY J. SMITH | Back in the 80's of the last cen- | tury all self - respecting editors carried revolvers for self - defence if they were publishing a news- paper in any of the western states such as Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona. The equipment for the ' journal generally consisted of an editor, a couple of fonts of type, pint of printer's ink, a hand press and a supply of.newsprint paper. All of this could be carried on the backs of a couple of mules. Ar- riving in a new mining community, the enterprising publisher would erect a shack or rent a building, and immediately becgme an out- standing citizen. . providing he was not run out of town or car- ried to boot-hill. . . . for mention- |, | ing in his columns something 'derogatory concerning some in- dividual. iE The most outstanding and out- spoken editor wa: S. C. Bagg, publisher of The Arizona Kicker, Tombstone, Arizona, in the late 80's and early 90's. Mr. Bagg al- ways relished the thought of say- ing something nasty about his competitor. It was not a case of the occasional reference now ard then, but week in and week out, editor Bagg would flay his com- petitor; . . . The Tombston Pros- pector. The following is a sample: "CAN'T DO IT. -- We haye been offered $25 in cash and a barrel of wild plum vinegar to publish the record of the man that runs the weekly further down the street. While there is no doubt in our mind that he is a bigamist, horse thief, barn-burner and an anar- chist sympathizer, we know what : belongs to' decenty and refuse the bribe. "There is too much mud throw- the editors 'of i hg anyhow. seem ve for- gotten what is due to the position. If one of our doctors kills a pa- tient by mistake the rest of the doctors are always ready to swear him clear. If one of the editorial fraternity makes a trip out of town, the rest are ready to pitch into him for the reason why he left. It shouldn't be so. There should be more of the fraternal spirit. . . . more of the pride of the profession. Therefore, while we are perfectly satisfied that the bald - headed, bow - legged, squint- eyed old coyote who calls him him self the editor of the moribund dish rag published 11 doors below us ought to be in state prison for life, we -are not going to forget what belongs to the" amenities of editorial life." Three months later, Editor Bagg relates, "We came here and found the field occupied by a wretched apology for a weekly paper, con- ducted by a wretched apology for a human hyene. In three months we have drive. him into a hole, and in six he will be the sickest man in all Arizona. He wouldn't be human not to feel hurt in his mind .". . such a mind as he has. He has shot. at us, tried to poison us, set our office on fire, bribed our employees, hired assassins to slay u and the plot the other day was his latest move." (The plot referred to was, 'He offered the boys $50 to draw our body up in a limb!"". The object of mentioning the Arizona Kicker was to form a com- parison with Oxford county jour- nalism published at the same time. . At least, Editor George F. Gurnett, of the Ingersoll Chronicle never had to worry if his 'shootin' irons' were well oiled. Comments Mr. Gurnett concern- ing his competitor: "On Saturday last, after a struggle of 16 years, Mr. Harry Rowland, prop-ietor of The Oxford Tribune, made an as- signment to Assignee Ewart. Dur- ing the years that the late pro- prietor has conducted his paper th~ relations between it and the Chronicle have been most friendly and the columns of both have been free at all times from any per- sonal wrangling. We sincerely re- gret that our good cotem. has been 'orced to take this step, the more so because Mr. Rowland as- sures us that he does not again feel like attempting the hopeless task of reviving the paper to a rowing concern. In places as arge as Ingersoll it requires a large cash outlay to step in and compete with older established pa- pers." WEEKLY PRESS 1853-1891 He continues on in a lengthy ar- ticle to tell the difficulties under which the weeklies were published. He wrote, "The provincial weekly newspaper of today is a vastly different affair to that of 20 years ago. The pages of the widely cir- culated and leading weeklies that are now filled with the happenings of the town and the distri¢t, as well as columns of other original matter, all set-up in condensed type thereby crowding more to a given space, are very differennt from the weeklies of the past. The three-quarters of a column of town news, a couple of township council reports and a lot of dry, stale "news matter" clipped out of week-old dailies Was about all the reading' the readers of the little sheet got, the balance of the paper being made up of "dead" exchange newspaper advertisements, glaring business announcements of the paper itself, cheap patent' medi- SALLY'S SALLIES 533. King Festus Syadicy, fac. World A) Tights reserved. "A¥amony? That's easy. I'll just keep on taking all he makes." THIS BIG 9.6 CU. FT. DELUXE Deeplreeze makers of the world's finest Home Freezer! ONLY Deepfreeze Refriger- ator has "The Door thot Stores More I" ©® BGGSTOR keeps eggs hondy: protects them from breokage! © BOTTLESTOR holds tall quart beverage and milk bottles! SAVE $70 to $90 ONLY ONLY Deepfreeze Refriger- ator has the Genuine Deepfreexe Freezer Com- partment! Joes more Bun 50 Ibs. of frozen actual eeps bard, Separate fecatr shelf for Tes cube trays and dessert tray. Full width Frozen Storage Drawer. MURPHY APPLIANCE and FURNITURE 117 SIMCOE ST. S. 'DIAL 3-8634 BOWMANYVILLE 811 cine ads, etc, etc. How matters have changed a glance at the leading weeklies will show. This change for the better of course meant an increased expenditure all along the line. "It meant lots of money; additi- onal writers, correspondents, re- porters, etc., were required; new- er and larger presses to print the newspaper of increased size, and improved labor-saving devices of all kinds. Yet with all these increa- crease in price or any increase in the rates of advertising;on the con- trary, competition. both local and foreign continued to grow keener and keener. Is it any wonder then that newspapers are going to the wall, fast and furious, and many who do stay in business do not earn the wages of a good mechanic employed in the better class of | factory?" {EDITOR AND GREENGROCER ""The first paper published in the | county of Oxford now living is the i Chronicle. It was founded in 1853, | by Josiah Blackburn. Mr. Black- burn sold out to Allan Wessels shortly after its establishment. This gentleman kept a green-gro- cery busines. and in the spare time between "selling fish and cabbage he was employed in editing and printing the paper, which at that time enjoyed the startling circul- ation of 250 copies weakly! "In 1854, the late John S. Gur- nett, who up to this time had been employed on the Boston Post, as- sumed proprietorship which he held to the time of his death in 1876, when the present proprietor as- sumed control. Since the establish- ment of the Chronicle five rivals have entered the field against it, but the paper has moved on ser- enely and at the.present time its circulation is five times that of any ther paper published in In- gersoll." Note: In perusing the files of the Chronicle, we find that both of the Gurnetts. ,. . father and son. .. . at no time entered into any petty 'editorial differences with their competitors. They both freely quot- ed the Woodstock papers and were very partial to the Sentinel-Review. One week after the Oxford Tribune made its assignment, the Wood- stock Standard ceased publication. We opened this historical article by contrasting the editor of: The Arizona Kicker and the editor of the Chronicle . . . We will close it with "this: -- "On Tuesday last we were tted with an attack of 12 gauge buckshot from the editor of that senile sheet down the street . a viper who hasn't store Indian, but rents gents to make dents in his superior. We were seriously ill for two days and nights, during which time we had scores of callers and our friends were anxious to extend every aid. Our condition was bulletined every | 15 minutes. This town can't afford to lose us just now, and we realize more than ever that our death would be a serious set-back to the entire State. Poor Old Man! Poor Old Contemporary! Your sun went down kerchunk when the Kicker was established. Blow away at us if it does your soul any good. It doesn't hurt us any and but for the escape valve you might take rat poison or roll in the river. Fair warning: We are going to shoot you on sight." IT'S SWELL SWAPING through Classified ads in The Times-Gaz- ette! To trade anything for some- thing dial 3-2233 for an ad-writer. sed expenses there came no in- | the nerve to throw mud on a cigar | LONDON (Reuters)--Shock and blast tests made on monkeys and guinea pigs in the early stages of the Second World War helped Britain weather Hitler's bombs and last week. ; The government-published vol- ume tells how research biologists assisted in designing the slit trenches and air raid shelters that kept casualty rates low, \ The experiments were carried when scientists had little know- ledge of the effects of blast and "ground shock" on humans, and the effectiveness of underground shelters was relatively untested. Animals were used to study the efects of atomic bombing in re- cent Nevada and Pacifie tests. The book, titled Medical Re- search, is the latest in the gov- ernment series on medical history in the Second World War. At the start of the war, the book says, fears of the effects of bomb- <4ng on a civilian population led to official casualty estimates run- ning as high as 100,000 a week. Rumors circulated about the deadly results of "blast" and the dangers of ground shock--sudden movement of the earth as a re- sult of explosions. It | actual effects of t | fore the government could devise | any "scientific foundation for a | civil defence policy," the book come up fighting, according to an ' says. i official medical history published | { work on th | porary "hui Bombed Mice, Monkeys | To Test Blast Effect to test the se forces be- was necessa A research team was put to proviem in a tem- laboratory" at Oxford | University. Head of the unit was | Dr. Solly "Zuckerman, anatomy | professor at the University of Birmingham. Fears concerning ground shock were based on possible injury to foot bones and the base of the skull if standing persons were thrown into the air suddenly by a near explosion. They also saw pos- sible injury to the head if persons resting in an underground shelter were suddenly jarred forward. But monkeys, subjected to shocks equal to that produced by a 500-pound bomb exploding in the earth only 25 feet away, survived without injury. Meanwhile, mice, guinea pigs and rabbits were undergoing blast tests and revealing an amazing toughness. From their experiments {the scientists calculated humans | would be able to withstand sudden | |air pressure "of more than 400 | | pounds a square inch, or about 30 | J mes the normal atmospheric level. Practically all serious bruising or mechanical injury caused by potato diggers during harvest can be prevented by careful operation and adjustment of the digger. It is most important to have a soil cushion on the elevator chain so that the tubers do not come fin direct contact with the elevator chain. This can be done by several adjustments. The agitation * and speed of the elevator chain as well as the depth of operation of the digger point have an influence on Division of Field Husbandry, Cen- tral Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Agitation of the chain shakes. the soil through the elevator, but if too sever, allows the potatoes to bounce on the steel rods causing injury The agitation should be suf- ficient only to prevent the tubers being buried behind the digger. The depth of operation of the digger blade should 'be only low enough to prevent cutting the potatoes and Adjustment Of Potato Digger Rvoids Damage To Potatoes the soil cushion, says A. I. Magee. | provide enough soil on the elevator | chain to cushion the potatoes. The ! speed of the elevator chain controls | the amount of soil carried by it. The chain should travel about one and one-quarter times as fast as the forward travel of the digger. For example, when the digger moves ahead 100 feet the chain should travel 125 feet. With faster speeds than this, there is less soil on the chain, which, combined with the higher speed of the chain in- crease the amount of bruising. To reduce mechanical injury dur- ing the harvesting of potatoes, the following rules should be observed: (a) Have digger point deep en- |ough to supply sufficient soil to cushion the potatoes. (b) Have the ratio of elevator speed to ground speed at 1%: 1 to maintain the soil cushion. WHY WISH FOR CASH? Make it quickly and easily by selling things you're not using through Classified ads. Phone 3-2233. 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DEEPFREEZE REFRIGERATORS & RANGES Dial 5-4711 53 Plane Armada Flies On OTTAWA (CP)--An air armada | of 53 privately - owned aircraft carrying 150 flying enthusiasts from Montana, Oregon and Cali- fornia landed here Tuesday on a two-week holiday tour of Canada and the United States. There wasn't a professional pilot in the lot. The planes ranged from single-engine craft to 18 THE DAILY TIMES-GAZETTE, Wednesday, July 29, 1953 13 Witnesses' Cars Wrecked On Wav Home | RECOVER GIRL'S BODY | ERIEAU, Ont. (CP)---The body 1of Edith Gobert., 14, of Blenheim was recovered Tuesday 200 feet off shore in Lake Erie near the spot where she drowned Sunday. She was the daughter of Mr and | Mss. Gustave Blondeel of Blen- | heim, ST, CATHARINES (CP)--A new | truck burned and two cars were | Aa heavily d in an a on the Queen Elizabeth Way one mile | east 'of the Welland Canal Tuesday. Cars driven by Sidney Kerr and were returning from the Jehovah's Wit size and their occupants ranged from children travelling with their parents to 70-year-old Will Peters of Portland, Ore.. who learned to fly after he was 60, Block In Canal Slashes Power NIAGARA FALLS, Ont. (CP)-- Frogmen carrying out an under- water imspection of the canal supplying water to the No. 1 Sir Adam Beck generating station at nearby. Queenston have found rocks, boulders, and various bits of junk in the canal bed. | Hydro engineers estimate the | water blockage caused by the debris has cut off 46,000 horse- power from the plant, bringing about a substantial power loss there. had pulled onto the shoulder of the road and stopped to exchange some baggage when a Whyte Pack- ing Company truck from Stratford. driven by Carl Doerr, crashed into the Condie car and drove it ahead into the other one. The truck, after going about 50 yards, caught fire and was de- stroyed. Doerr managed to get out without injury and none of the 10 persons in the two cars was in- jured. "I don't know what happened," Doerr said. "I just had no con- trol over the truck." late | | Arnold Condie, both of Mattawa. | rally in New York. They | 4 "a Saves Time and Work! Makes Ironing Easier About Furs ? Great August Fur Sales have just started throughout the coun- try as well as at Marten's Furs here in Oshawa at Genosha' Hotel . ... and far-sighted women, planning their winter wardrobe, are able to make a comparison of value . , . {Do You Know Full page advertisements are now appearing in the Toronto papers, all full of claims regarding their furs. . . . How is anyone to know what is the best value in furs? ? * The basic fact to keep in mind is that the great majority of fur stores and department stores DO NOT MAKE THEIR OWN FURS . . . and must pay the maker his price in ADDITION to their own PROFITS. ... Therefore, if you buy from one or another of these stores, it usually does not make any difference . . .you pay the same price dependent on quality. Among the very, very few furrlers who purchase their own raw furs and manufacture their own fur coats, is MARTEN'S FURS whose Oshawa Branch is located at 70 King St. E. at the Genosha Hotel. Marten's Furs have been manufacturers of fur coats for over forty-five consecutive years and now through their own FAC- TORY-TO-WEARER Branches are able to save you the middle- man's profit . . . Remember . . . MARTEN'S FURS are made ... UP TO A STANDARD... NOT DOWN TO A PRICE . . . and ONLY PREMIUM QUALITY FURS ARE OFFER- ED FOR SALE... fully guaranteed as to wear. . . and service . . . So, before jumping into your car, or hopping the bus to Toronto see what MARTEN'S FURS here in Oshawa, have to offer in quality furs, and THEN MAKE A COMPARISON with what is offered in this city. «+ « We have no doubt in our mind which you will choose. | Remember The Address! L] MARTENS FURS (Oshawa's Only Exclusive Furriers) 70 King St. E. -- at Hotel Genosha (Next door to the new Metropolitan Store) DIAL 3-7921