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Fhe Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers L imited. 86 King 5t. E Oshowe, Ont Page b Wednesday, August 17, Elimination Of Arms And Desire For Peace Most people would agree that dis armament is a necessary step towards & firm, lasting peace, but there seems to be growing body of opinion opposed to that view. The Vancouver Province, for instance, argues that, with conditions as they are today, disarmament might well incite war instead of ensuring peace We disagree with the Provinces argu- ment, It is true that the disarming of one powerful nation while opponents of that nation remain armed is an invita- tion to aggression. It is also true that if all major powers disarmed there would still be the danger of armed conflict be- tween small nations, if the United Na- tions did not by that time have an effective international police force. But in the mddern context, the word dis armament means the negotiated reduc tion and abolition of weapons of war by the world's major powers. Wars have occurred when some great nations were more strongly armed than others -- there was the invitation to aggression. And wars have occurred when rival nations were both fully and equally armed -- there was the invitation to test the strength of powerful machines The lesson of history is that powerful armies tend to generate, through their own pride, a desire for the ultimate test which 1s war The Province, however, takes an en tirely different view, For the other side of the coin, here is the Provinces argu ment Our backyard Communists, of course, have long been trying to undermine the West by prating about disarmament and peace But now a great many honest and responsible people are succumbing to the popular talk about preparations for war always leading to war. and so on and so forth In his statement on Canadian defence policy before the special Commons de- fence committee in' June, Defence Min. ister Pearkes declared: "Canada 1s de dicated to an unremitting search for the lessening of international tensions and to finding means of bringing about per- mament disarmament." In his provisional chairman's address to the first meeting of the National Com mittee on the Control of Radiation Haz- ards in Montreal, Dr. H, L. Keenleyside said: "Would it not be desirable to do in Canada what the great American statesman Adlai Stevenson has suggested for the United States; set up in the government a Department of Peace and Disarmament?" Prosperity In One of the spectacular developments of the 1050's was the emergence of Western Europe as a high mass-consump tion market in the wake of remarkable recovery from the effects of war and the rapid expansion of industry The industrial expansion and the growth of mass markets have loosed dynamic forces in Western Europe that are altering the whole structure of busi ness there, The current commercial letter of the Canadian Bank of Commerce puts its this way: "The fifties brought pros perity to the common man in Western Europe; the future will bring prosperity to both common man and Common Market. The rapid expansion has placed severe strains on the economies of a number of countries, and has resulted in restrictive Fhe Oshawa Times TL WILSON, Publisher and Genera! Manage € GWYN KINSEY, Editor chester sol ¢ ¥ sstie not mail (in pn of Ontario very areas 12.00: elsewhere Average Daily Net Paid as of April 30, 1960 16,999 This is the theme wherever Canadians gather, Peace and disarmament, it 1s usually agreed, are indivisible, This is the most dangerous kind of thinking. In the nuclear age, peace has been preserved by what has become known as the 'balance of terror' -- nu- clear war is out of the question pre- cisely because the antagonists are fully armed And the same thing might have been true in the pre-nuclear age, when TNT became the dreadful stepchild of black powder, It is a fair question whether the Kais- er would have started the war if France and Britain had been armed to the teeth, It is doubtful if Hitler would have attacked Poland and started the Second World War if Britain and the United States had been powerfully armed and had warned him that they would des- troy him if he violated any more boun dares Wars, history started by nations that felt their op indicates, have been ponents were weak, Nobody starts a war he doesn't think he can win, The situation was outlined neatly by E. B. White in an article entitled "Letter from the West' in The New Yorker "A popular belief these days" Mr. White writes, "is that the clue to peace is in disarmament, Pick a stateman of any stature in any nation and he will almost certainly tell you that a reduction in arms 1s the gateway to peace, 'Unfortunately, disarmament doesn't have much to do with peace. 1 some- times wish it had, it enjoys such an excellent reputation and commands such a lot of attention "An arms race is a frightening thing, but eighty nations suddenly turning up without arms is truly terrifying, One may even presume that Russia came forward with the most sensational pro- posals total disarmament in four year just because it is terrifying "Disarmament in this way would in. crease, not dimish, the danger of war, Today's weapons are too destructive to use, so they stand poised and quiet; this is our stange climate, when arms are safer than no arms "If modern weapons make war un- likely, had we better not keep them until we have found the political means of making war unnecessary?" Disarmament could encourage war, Armaments can preserve the peace, This is the paradox of 1960, We should all try to understand it, the Province concludes Europe measures in a good many of them, Exist. ing industrial plants in Western Europe cannot supply the consumer demand, according to the bank's assessment --- which suggests that well designed and effectively presented goods from North America can be sold in Europe. The energy and imagination that Europeans have shown in tackling the North Ame. rican market in somewhat similar con- ditions indicates what can be done. The bank analyzes the interplay of many factors in both Western Europe and North America and suggests that a period of lively trade between the two areas, in view of "the current plateau in business in Canada and the U.S.A, would provide a welcome stimulus, especially if the boom in Western Europe can be prolonged and controlled." The expansion of consumer markets arising from the wider distribution of increased income has been and will con. tinue to be the prime driving force be. hind Europes prosperity. The position of the workers in the lower income brackets has improved markedly in re. 'ent years and many now posses dis. cretionary income for the first time -- discretionary income being that which remains after basic needs are met, A certain amount of apprehension has arisen in Europe about this process, which is associated in European minds with that of "Americanization". The rising incomes will tend to close the gap between North American and European production costs, and this too should help aggressive North American pro- ducers to win a share of the new mass. consumption market in Europe, There is an economic axiom involved in this situation that Canadians should re. member: By and large highly developed industrial communities - tend to trade with each other rather than with primary producing countries DR. LIVINGSTONE, 1 PRESUME? BY-GONE DAYS READERS' VIEWS Probe Meaning Of Liberalism Dear Si An editoris 1 Course to Equality peared In your ne da August 9, 1960 my vie three atts teh Democy i ed Sta nterprets, [| be sor Galbraith's "The ety," liberalis democracy « gest 1 unfortunate attitude to vard academic resear | yuld like to raise some objections con cerning each of these To suggest that the Democrats are offering a "votecatcher" pro gram to the Americe wople is elthe ¥ ' catcher" an unusual manner or lat he Inte tence of the American vote Votecatch er' as it is generally applied to politics mean r y 'that ap peals directly ndire to the vole pockethook f old € pensions, free hosy zation. Te accuse the Democrats of such an approach when they offer a "sac ritice'" (Senator Kennedy's word) # quite Inaccurate Although there are definite elements of the votecatcher type in their pro gram the great emphasis of the Democrat s on turning Amer cans away from the god of pr vate consumption a ein their efforts to public and national welfare. Both Kenr and his advisors, notably Ad] Stevenson, have had the courage to state publicly that (his n probably involve an Increase in taxes, Tf this Is '"'votecatching" then give us a fe anadia politicians who will do likewise The second po interpretation of Galbraith, liber alism, and democrac hans more serious, A word ike "liberalism," as you suggest, has many shades of meaning. but the one you selected from Rr eyelopedia Britannica h little elaboration, would he agreeable to almost all twentieth centur) liberals, The essence of it Is that a liberal! soclety is one which be lieves the ndividua supreme value and of true progress t welon ment of individuality is end you quote approvingi} i the powers of state, i.e. government should he used "for the purpose of creating conditions within vhich Individual energy an thrive, of affording to every cil sen the means of acquiring the mastery of his own canacities and of establishing a real equal ity for all. In this, vou, Professor Galbraith, and 1, are in agree ment, However, in the next r of vour editorial vou part com pany. Y rest that "profes OPS t vho wonld tay nd nend \ mo a mn 13 from {his view beralism. In stead of nd tory to 1 dividual er thev should, they wish to prov de what vou call "a spurious equal founded on further re distribution o alth Then to ronclude vou aisser-faivre view a "liberal" society vou state "They pervert the truth that eco nomic freedom and nalitical free dom are not divisible' It is vou, sir, who has shirked liberalism, not they. Space wil not permit a full discuss few comments are ned eauate litle economic laisse back to the nineteenth century It is simply a matter of fact not opinion, tha! virtually no gov ernment in the world, certainly no liberal government views society in this way todé To do 0 Would by 1 1 | { arly capitalis I » the e of a liberal socie Let us hope tha depressions of the scope o a n the 1930's are gone forever Far from being equated with politica] freedom, unrestricted economic freedom has inevitably meant less political freedom (lib eralism) for the { majo r not. ad economic Society that the ate take seriously its sbligations in a 'free society to develop the individualit the aim of !lberalism to do good n power vho fundament: sed y individu eampal $ central thesis n an "affluent oun here « fication for the great 1 of private opulance and pub qualo and the best means of remedying this, he sug t g A sane iberal. mone fiscal policy on the part of government For us higher taxes and more rect OF direct control of in dustry by the state Can we mo y jus employment, slums i rquate education tion, parks, theatres, and medical esearch, while e¢ condone and daeience hosnitalize encourage the billions of dollars pent on adver y weloping new detergents, and eation of sc undesired unneeded iieh motivational research psy chologists will persuade u ' buy? Can we seriously pretend that a soclety whose energies are overwhelmingly dedicated to pr vate consumption at the exnense of public good and private indi viduality is fulfilling the aims of reralism? A fe tatistics are relevant at this point. Mr. James Toh r the July 25 issue of The New Renublc vhites that between 1953 and 1959, "92 per cent of srowth ir nitnnt 4 lars' went to consumption; gov. ernment activity act o ved" In the United States. In 1080 government spending In the same country consumed 13.4 per cent of the f \ et; in 1957 this had dwindled te 10.2 per cer New Republic Aug 1960). The truth is then, that ince 1939 the proportion of the jatural resources of Yinitag States going towards public hene fit decreased Only government spending $ going to seriously effect improve ments In education, slum clear ance. a decline in deaths fron cancer or hring ahout the many other social r es needed ir a society \ od of the de velopment of ndividuality It is unfortunate that our society con siders as a hero the discoverer of a new detergent and as a vara te the public servant who recog izes or discovers a new nublic service and asks for taxes to stuoport it I urge anyone who the fate of our society and liberalism seriously to read K. Galhraith: The Affluent So ciety, and R, 1. Hellhroner: The Fature as History, To rely on acenrate Interpretation by new yaners or hy me fs expecting much The third and fir to deal th is comment which refers fessor Galbraith as mere "ivory tower theorist," implying of course that only university people, excluded from the "real" vorld could he so naive, As a matter of fact "The Affluent So ciety" has had more serious dis cussion throughout the Western vorld (and we shall soon see the practical results) than any eco nomic work since that of I Keyne The truth is thai Isaac Newton Adam Smith K | Marx, Sigmund Freud Albert Finstein, Dr, Banting and Dr Sali are all "ivory tower theor isis Perhaps when our society considers them as Important as the discoverer of Rlue Cheer we vill spend as much on univer education as we do on ad sin Perhaps on yolit might even he allowed to ention an mnerease m taxes without being called anti-liberal Thank vou, sir, for your space E. BROADBENT Oshawa INDEPENDENCE UNKNOWN Dayak people in the interior of Borneo are reported to be un aware of the creation of an in dependent Republic of Indones MANY TOURISTS France was visited by 3,031,700 wuristg last year, an increase of about 34 per cent over 1838 sued per capita of population in planning to attend the Constable Norman Department to join the Mounties, REPORT FROM U.K. OTTAWA REPORT Increased Interest In Politics Lauded Patrick Nicholson is on vaca tion, His guest columnist today is Hon, Michael Starr, Minister of Labor, and Conservative MP for Ontario County, Ontario. Due of p best things that has happeped in Canada In recent years has been the increased interest in politics. More people are taking part in politics on the municipal, provincial and federal level, More people are talking po! ities More people are doing something about politics, | think a very healthy state of elevision has made lor greater areness, by bringing polities y everybody's living oom Television has helped in bringing about more factual from-the-shoulder. down-to-earth approach to political issues. In other words, the stump-speaking technique has no real place in the parlor I believe that the newspapers ecent years have devoted more coverage and more in formed coverage to politics than they perhaps did in the past, There are any number of stories in the daily press these days con- ning the activities of citizens on tl ¥ pal leve Ou sre ce of pub (git ar what 1 might call an awakening on the part of the public to the ordinar eali of our political structure QUEEN'S PARK All these things are good, | have always belleved that it is a good thing for the ordinary citizen to keep himself informed on what is happening in kis town or city in his province and, of course, in his country, Today, with all the various media of information there is no reason tor not being so informed. The aext step, of course, is move active participa tion The reason 1 believe that all this is good is that history has proven that when great decisions were to be taken: and after the sound and fury of debate had died away; and when the public were iniormed "of the issues when that decision was made public, that is, a free and in formed public, have almost with ont exception been right BACK TO THE PEOPLE Oue of the things that strikes you about hte sessions of Parlia ment in recent years is the fact that Parliament has been given back to the people, One of the visual evidences of this is the fact that Canadians are crowding to view the parliamentary ses- sions in larger numbers than "oe From early morping unt late at night Parliamen crowded with visitors--in the gab eries of the House; in the li brary even on the well-kept lawns. This is more noticeable in summer, of course, when people Golf Club Drinks And Liquor Board TORONTO " 1 alked ub nea Ham ton ting no charges But the officers carried off a bunch of booze and het Which br 8 up the question of hy some golf clubs in the pro ince are running wide open bars mn Sundays Phere are many that don't. Bul here are others that do For your information this is a matter for the local police | It is up to them to lay down the law Ihe Liguor Licence Board doesn't do policing Does the Board know Sunda) ale is going on? If it doesn't it is further out of this world than anyone has ever accused il of being. And that is pretty fair For one thing some of its top dog people are ardent golfers NORTH UPSET? For some years Premier Frost spent a lot of time in northern Ontario Recently he has not been pay ng it any visits According to reports he would be well advised to do so, And to take along his political pliers and some wire For there are fences to be mended For The Oshawa Times » beauty and amenities on until an opportunity ed for the expression of views on Building At Doon Halted For Talks By M, McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) able of feasible development, and the trustees did not go ahead with the project, although the plan was approved Recently, the trustees were in. formed that there might be some relaxation of this planning order if provision could be made for screening the home. development area frem view. They put for ward some definite plans to pro vide this screening, and these were passed on by the town council to the secretary of state for Scotland, He has now given his reply, as quoted above, indi. cating that he is prepared to stand forth as a champion of pre. serving the beauty and amenities of the 'Bonnie Banks and Braes." PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM APPLICATION MADE international significance approved development plan this to any person who doesn't worry: "Anxiety is an uncomfortable sensation," says an eminent psychologist 'that everyone experiences ex cept babies and fools or simple tons.' Pain usually seeks out the weakest part of a person's ana- tomy." says a physician, Er, beg pardon, but do you have head. aches often? "There is no limit to the speed at which man will travel in the future," says an astronaut. But there must be a limif, some where short of instantaneous transportation shed a tear for the man who paid a psychiatrist to hypnotize him out of the habit "of smok ing, but who, next day, hypno. tized himself vight back into the habit In Tampa, Fla a man shot another man becanse he dis agreed with him on how turnip tops should be cooked. This is probably the first case on record of a turnip - greens fanatic "Missing Man's Death Called Suicide Attempt." Headline in the Goodlettsville Tenn.) Ga zette. Ii is nlitred how much deade I ould be if the at tempt had been suecessiu In some cases Wn Hollywood being flat busted is both cause and eifect. Northern Ontario is said to be ery upset And this is said by so many people there must he some im portant truth to it TROUBLE: IGNORANCE! What's the matter? For one thing ignorance Officials have been sent in as specialists" who haven't been familiar with the north and the hackground of its problems, And their reports have shown it For another thing arrogance Some g ov ern ment spokesmen, particularly Highways Minister Cass, have treated northern rep reseniatives like children, And they are proud people in the north, Also intelligent, They know that Mr. Cass, for instance, not so long ago was only a small town lawyer, And then there has been politi cal stupidity, Cabinet ministers have been going In and making southern Ontario political speeches filled with words, plati- tudes and nothingness, These don't go over with the hard-headed people there, SEPARATE DEPARTMENT Mr, Frost now only holds seven of the 12 northern seats, with one vacant He lost three In the last elec: tion He might do well to take over a plank from the opposition and set up a department of northern affairs It really takes northern people to really understand the free. spirited and big-hearted north, CANADA-U.S, SOCCER NEW YORK (AP)---Tentative plans were approved Monday un- der which teams representing Canada and the United States would open the North Amreican zone qualifying competition for the World Soccer Cup in New York City Oct, 9. Are Oh nurmaays, and It i= a STONE indication of the interest that Cp padians are taking in the ma chinery of Government, This all adds up 10 the fact that F nment today is working us der the spotlight as never before, The benefits of this are obvious to anyone who believes--as | do- that Goversmenis are put ip power to carry out the wishes of the people Many people feel that there is 8 lot of time wested in the House of Commons, This is natural any system based on the right the represnetatives of the to gel up and voice their opinions on any subject which may be be fore the public eve, | think it is now generally agreed that in the next few vears some procedures and rules will have w be changed n order 'on preserve freedom of debate at the same time cutting down on pointless discus sion. Buch changes, . when they come, will eome through agree ment by all parties NOT IN DARKNESS But certainly no one can. say that legislation is being carried on in darkness, when vou take p measure, for example, like the Bill of Rights. which has now been a subject of public debate for almost two vears | would say that more opiniop has heen expressed on this meas we and from more sources, than on any oth Measure in recenl years hate has taken place both in the House and outside; and when final disposition has been made of the measure, this will be done by a Parliament which will cer tainly have been made aware of the various shades of public opin ion It is eminently fitting that Ca wadians should have opinions op these matters, and that they should express those opinions, Jt ie fitting that they should take an interest in the activities of their municipal councils; of th provincial government and th federal government I hope that this trend will grow and 'hat more and more people in this country will come to re gard political action as their nat- ural heritage and that they will continue to seek through the eon stitutional machinery provided for that purpose, the objectives in which they are interested It is certainly nol impossible that our system ean be improved upon, that it can be made more efficient, without sacrificing full entation of conflicting it cannot he improved if people are not aware of what is going on, or if they do mot take part, That is why I like the present trend and why 1 hope #t grows Private Beach @ Pool @ Sun Deck @ Dining Room o Top Hat Lounge » Card and Game Room o Planned Entertainment o Parking Available Modern, Comfortable Guest Rooms AIR-CONDITIONED See Your Travel Agent or Write for Brochure ADDRESS . . 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