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She Oshara Times Published by Canadian Newspapers: Limited, 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ont. Page é Thursday, July 27, 1961 Plan Huge Expenditure For Manned On the day that the United States sent a second astronaut on a flight into space, President Kennedy signed a bill authorizing an expenditure of $1,784,300,000 during the current fiscal year for the civilian space program. The great aim of the program is to send a man or a team to the moon and back. . The bill approved the full amount re- quested by the U.S. Aeronautics and Space Administration, including funds which Mr. Kennedy himself asked for, to hasten the American effort towards a manned flight to the moon. No one can accurately say what the mapn program will cost. Mr. Kennedy . has mentioned $7 to $9 billion in the next few years. Other estimates have ranged from $20 to $40 billion. Even ' $40 billion is less than the US. now ! spends on defence in a year, but it is ' still a staggering amount of mo: ey and it represents only the financial cost. The dollar signs do not cover ths amount of brain power, scientific knowledge and technological skill being concentrated on this project. Why is it necessary? James £. Webb, administrator of the Space Administra- tion, is quoted as saying: We have found all through our history as a nation --- and, indeed, all people since the scier.- tific revolution have found -- that you simply cannot fall backward from what Moon Trip you are capable of doing in science and technology without finding that you have realized less than your potential and, frequently, that someone has passed you by. We cannot afford this risk in space." Dr. Hugh Dryden, the Adminis- trations deputy director, said: "The real values and purposes are not the mere accomplishment of man setting foot on the moon, but rather in the greater co-operative national effort in the development of the science and technology which is stimulated by this goal." It sounds plausible, if rather vague. What is not mentioned is the fact that space travel is not the only means of testing and stimulating science and technology. Rather, it seems to us, it is the easiest of several tests, because it is simply a technical problem and does not involve complicating human values. A more important and much more diffi- cult problem, for example, is the one of automation, which has two parts: the improvement of machines, and the pre- servation of the dignity and integrity of individuals displaced by machines. Another problem is that of urban trans. portation -- and immensely difficult technical as well as human problem. We do not doubt that there will be men on the moon long before these "bread and butter" puzzles are solved. Ike's Memory Faulty Memory is a tricky thing and retired officials who try to recall the varied events in which they participated are well advised to check it with records. Former President Truman has been caught up a number of times because his memory was faulty. Now former President Eisenhower is suffering the same weakness. In a recent interview with Paul Mar- tin, distributed by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Gen. Eisenhower discussed Berlin. He made two points in which memory failed, and their im- portance requires them to be cleared up. Eisenhower told Martin that failure of American troops to go on to Berlin late in World War II was the result of a decision taken by the "politicians" at the Yalta conference. The record is easily checked, right in Eisenhower's own book, "Crusade in Europe." On page 396 Eisenhower wrote that * a natural objective beyond the Ruhr was Berlin. It was politically and psychologically important as the symbol of remaining German power. I decided, however, that it was not the logical or the most desirable objective for the forces of the western allies." Churchill, one of the "politicians" at Yalta, argued strongly for the Allies to push on to Berlin. On page 299 of his book, Eisenhower reports that "he (Churchill) was greatly disappointed and disturbed because my plan did not first throw Montgomery forwand 1 in the desperate attempt to capture Berlin before the Russians could do so. He sent hi= views to Washington." In a letter to Gen. Marshall, Eisenhower recalls, he pointed out that "Berlin itself is no longer a particularly important objec- tive" because it was bound to fall any- how. Eisenhower also told Martin that leaving Berlin well inside th: Soviet zone was an inexplicable wartime agree- ment which his staff strongly opposed and so told the European Advisory council, set up in London to decide on the future of Germany. There is no mention of this in "Crusade in Europe." However, Philip E. Mosey, who was on the staff of the European Advisory council and who is an expert nn Berlin as well as on Russia, discusses this sub- ject in his book, "The Kremlin and World Politics." The war department, Mosely wrote, rejected attempts to make poltical de- cisions about the future of Germany and said that "the surrender and occupation of Germany were purely a military mat- ter which would have to be decided 'at the military level'; and that therefore there was no need for . . . the EAC (European Advisory council )." "I believed," wrote Mosely, "taat in order to safeguard the dignity aad se- curity of the American authorities in Berlin, provision should be made in ad- vance for free and direct territorial ac- cess to Berlin from the west" But, he goes on, the military took no action on his request to back such provisions and the EAC never had the matter presented to. it. He emphasizes that the military showed no political interest in Berlin, Germany or the council while the war was going on. Transport Co-Existence Canada's transportation industry is likely to remain in its present state of flux until "a form of competitive co- existence" is achieved among its compet- Fhe Oshawa Times 1. L. WILSON, Publisher and Generel! Manager C. GWYN KINSEY Editor The Oshewa Times combining Tha Oshawe Times (asteblished 1871) and the Whitby Gozetts and Chronicle (established 1863) is published dolly (Sundoy» end ste y d . d s of © Detly v Publishers Associotion. The Conedion Press Audit Bureou eof Circulation and the Ontarie Provincial Dailies Asse- ciation. The Cenadian Press Is exclusively entitled to the use for republication ef ell ews despatched in the paper credited to it or te The Associoted Press or Reuters, and else the local news published _ therein, All rights eof special despetches are alse reserved Offices: Thomsen Building, 425 University Avenue Yeronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Deliversd by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajex, Pickering; Bowmanville, Brooklin, 'ort Perry, Prince Taunton, Tyrone, on, Enniskillen, Leskord, Brougham, Burketon, Clarement, Columbus, Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan Blackstock, Manchester Pontypool and Newcastle, not over 45¢ per week. By meil (in ince of Ontario) outside corriers delivery orecs 12.00; elsewhere 15.00 per yeor Circulation for the issue of March 30, 1961 17,363 ing sectors, the monthly Commercial Letter of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce says. Pointing out that the development of new forms of freight transportation has heightened competition -- not only in Canada, but in every country -- the Letter notes: "It is evident that each form of transportation is trying to find the markets which it can serve more efficiently. Until a form of competitive co-existence is found, those carrie:s which are losing markets to competing carriers will have to make severe ad- justments to their operations." Hardest hit at the moment are the railways. Since the end of the war, cad transport has increased four-fold; air- lines 12-fold; water transport two-fold. Oil pipelines now account for a signifcant proportion of total freight. The railways, however, have had difficulty masintain- ing their volume. The Commercial Letter says this com. petition has focused attention on "the fundamental problem inherent in the building of Canada's railroads, namely the interplay of straight business prin- ciples and such matters as national Tunity, the development of natural resour- ces, defence policy and the like." Ls AS A RRA ------------ PM VIEWS CANADA AS 'GARDEN' -- NEWSPAPER. HEADLINES AND HOW DOES YOUR GARDEN GROW? OTTAWA REPORT ww» ing a member of the Organiza- © tion of American States. Canada's Attitude To Latin America Patrick Nicholson is on va- cation. His guest columnist today is W. B. Nesbitt, Par- liamentary secretary to the secretary of state for ex- ternal affairs, and Conserva- tive MP for Oxford, Ontario. OTTAWA--Canada is the only sovereign state of the Americas not a member of the Organiza- tion of American States. Unlike the United States, Canada has not had a traditional pan-Amer- ican orientation to its foreign policy. Geographically, Canada is as close to Europe or Asia as to South America and Ca- nadians have valuable ties with the Com m on wealth and the North Atlantic community. Although Canada's relations with the United States have long been of first importance, it is only in recent years that Canada has developed a signifi- cant interest in the Latin Amer- ican republics which lie to its south and an interest in the real possibility of membership in a unified, hemispheric, community of nations. Latin American leaders, in order to foster a spirit of pan- American unity have insisted on recognition of regional agencies. When the United Nations was formed and the charter of the Organization of American States was drawn up in 1948, the char- ter provided for a new and stronger institutional framework for inter-American co-operation. ROLE VALUABLE The organization has played a valuable role in promoting cultural exchanges, stimulating economic co-operation and, most important, in preserving peace in the hemisphere. The means employed for this, friendly per- suasion, good offices and con- ciliation, and the. principle of non-intervention on which the organization was founded, are of a nature 1o appeal to Cana- dias 1 : # The organization is now facing a new challenge as a result of developments in the Caribbean area which have brought cold war issues to the western hemis- phere and have drawn attention ta the grave social, political and INSIDE YOU economic problems facing Latin America. The population of Latin America, already nearing 200 million, is expanding at a faster rate than any other major area in the world. At the same time, the rate of economic and social progress has been too slow to satisfy rising demands for a better life. The resentment and unrest caused by inequalities and lack of oppcrivnity could threaten Latin America's traditional ties with other Western nations. The alliance for progress calls for a collective attempt by all mem- bers of the Organization of American States to bring about practical solutions to such prob- lems as illiteracy, housing short- age, unjust land holding and tax- ation 'systems. Similarly some Canadians are calling for this country to make a committed contribution to the improvement of these social inequalities. WARM RELATIONS In the last few years in par- ticular Canada has developed increasingly warm and friendly relations with the Latin Amer- ican republics. Canadian ambas- sadors are now accredited to 18 of the 20 republics. Consulta- tions and close co-operation at the United Nations and else- where have been very fruitful, Within the last two years the president of Mexico and the prime minister of Canada have exchanged visits; in the last year Mr. Green went on an ex- tended goodwill tour of a num- ber of Latin American coun- tries; and the foreign ministers of Brazil and Venezuela have visited Canada. It is also ex- pected that President Frondizi of Argentina will visit Canada later on this year. Last year Canadian exports fo the -arew amounted Ao 184.9 mil: lion dollars and imports to 305 million dollars. It is not sur- prising, therefore, that Cana- dians should have been asked by the secretary of state for exter- nal affairs to fully consider their attitude toward Canada becom- i ticipating Allergies Cause Blisters On Skin By BURTON H. FERN. MD "NAIL, POLISH?" shrieked Jane, 'My _eyes and neck are broken out, not my fingers!" Fingers often rub eyes and scrape necks, which break out when you're allergic to the touch -- contact dermatitis -- of nail polish. Don't confuse contact derma- titis with ordinary irritated skin. Acids, alkalis and some soaps irritate all skin. You have ito be allergic to suffer contact dermatitis. The skin reddens and tiny blisters break out on the face, neck or arms-- any area not protected by cloth- ing if you're allergic to a dye or fabric, OTHER SYMPTOMS The blisters swell, ooze and harden into crusts. Sometimes your skin thickens into 'rough hippopotamus hide. The size and shape of the rash helps pinpoint the cause. On the fourth finger left hand, suspect the gold or nickel in wedding bands. But if the same rash breaks out around the wristwatch buckle or metal garters, put your money on nickel Nylons leave their mark on the tops of feet and the backs of knees, Even toilet seats have been known to shape a doughnut-like rash across the lower back and thighs. To test you, the doctor mere- ly sprinkles the suspected sub- stance on a Band-Aid and tapes it to your skin. BE CAUTIOUS Meanwhile, stay away from suspected material, including ir- ritating soaps. Remember that heat and sunlight can trigger new flareups. If you have to touch allergic material, wear a mask, apron or gloves. Or ap- ply a silicone cream to coat your skin with an invisible pro- tective barrier, Don't scratch, press, and the rash won't spread, Both cala- mine-like lotions and antihista- mine medicines soothe itching. Your doctor can prescrible soaps to dry oozing and corti- sone-creams to melt the rash. Jane still polishes her nails, but with a different brand. And her eyes and neck have cleared Like Jane, you, too, can have a blemish.free skin, even though it carries that unmagic touch. It is often argued that Can- ada's voice cannot be very influ- ential in inter-American affairs so long as it refrains from par- fully in the inter- American system. On the other hand, it is argued that membership could involve this country in Latin American quarrels in which it would either have to support the United States, thereby giving rise to charges that it was under Amer- ican domination, or vote against it, thereby rendering itself equally open to misapprehen- sion Some would contend that in fact Canada's ability to affect events in the Latin American part of the hemisphere may be greater as a trusted and in- dependent friend outside the OAS than as a member involved in all the disputes inside the OAS: others contend that we should not join the OAS unless we are willing to accept what this involves in terms of politi- cal consultation, cultural ex- changes, economic co-operation and increased economic and technical assistance. At this point, however, it is imperative for Canadians to realize; fo be acutely conscious of the fact that this country cannot afford to ignore the awakening social conscience of Latin America. PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM The U.S. Congress is contem- plating investigating the New York stock market -- probably with a view fo see what's hold- ing it up. Whatever became of the con- siderable number of people who used to spend a great deal of their spare time seeing flying saucers. Propaganda is predigesied pa- blum for puerile people with poor perception. GALLUP POLL QUEEN'S PARK Increasing Use 0f Committees By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--The next week or #0 we will be away biting fish-- (any fool can catch them the other way). While engaged on this frolic this space will be occupied in discussion of some of the deeper questions in our political life of the moment. The subject for today is com- mittees. In the past decade here prob: ably the greatest change in our legislative system has been the extreme trend towards commit- tees. Year after year there have been more and more of them. When Premier Frost took of- fice he said he liked the com- mittee feature of the U.S. sys- tem of government. And from the start he saw that the traditional stanaing committees of the House were activated. In addition to these we have had a rash of select commiitees of the members. And also there has been a good budget oi com- mittees of inquiry and of royal commissions. MANY BENEFITS There has been considerable good out of this trend One real benefit has been more work for the members-- and . relief from the boredom which must be the lot of the private member, particularly on the government side. And there has been a break for the public also, in that there have been groups available to listen to their troubles. But this development is one that grew very quickly. And this rapid growth has Janded it out of focus in some directions. One such direction is that we probably are making too much BYGONE DAYS 30 YEARS AGO Miss Ruth Fishleigh, of Osh- awa, captured the Ontario ladies' junior tennis champion- ship. Oshawa's unemployed protest: ed the use of machinery in dig- ging trenches for the Ontario Shore Gas pipe lines. Surf-riding was a sport at the lakefront. Labor Member of Parliament, A. Heaps, advocated a six-hour work day to relieve the problem of unemployment. The band of the Ontario Regi- ment, directed by Bandmaster T. Dempsey, presented an ex- cellent concert at Memorial Park. . As a result of the harbor de-' velopment, the Oshawa Yacht Club came into existence and its clubhouse was formally opened, popular Fire hydrants in the city were painted dark red with the joint caps and head being done with 'aluminum' paint. Ald. W. Boddy was acting- mayor in the brief absence of Mayor E. Marks. Thirty-two Guides from Osh- awa camped at Niagara-on-the- Lake. They named their site 'Camp Skanadario,' meaning 'beautiful waters,' and the word Ontario was derived from it, M. Mcintyre Hood was in Toronto attending the confer- ence of Dominion and Provincial officers of the Canadian Legion, concerning the coming visit of Earl and Countess Jellicoe to Canada. A new floor was laid on the Albert Street bridge over the CPR tracks. Public Divides Evenly On One-Sided Majority By CANADIAN INSTITUTE of PUBLIC OPINION Whether it's because the av- erage voter is getting used to the idea of a heavily one-sided majority in the Federal House, or whether it is general leth- argy, Canada has considerably less quarrel with the fact to- day than it did just after the last Federal election. Voters, most of whom lived for many years with a heavily one-sided Liberal majority in the House, now split evenly as to whether or not they approve of the prin- ciple. Just after the Conserva- tive sweep in 1958 disapproving segment was very much higher than it is today. Interviewers for Pool first asked a selected cross-section public: "Have You Any ldea What Proportion of the Seals the Conservative Party has in the Federal House?" One-fifth the electorate has no idea at all. Qnly three in 10 approximate the size of the Conservative majority -- about 75 per cent of the House. Here's how the nation estimates the Tory majority: 75% or more N% 60 -75% 36 50 - 59% 9 Less than 50% 4 Have no idea 20 the Gallup properly of the 100% All those who estimated a majority of 50 per cent or more were asked the same question as was put to the people in 1858. "Do You<Bhink it is satisfac- tory or not for any one Party to have this Majority in the House?" In comparison with national attitudes in the previous study those who object to a big ma- jority for any one party have lessened considerably. 1958 Today 2% 3% 50 37 18 26 100% 100% Canadians show an interest. ing reaction when assessed on the basis of political bias. Among those who say they would vote Conservative if a Federal election were held to- day about one in 10 has mov- ed into the undecided group. Conservatives 1958 Today A Big Majority Is: Satisfactory 2% 371% 44 40 23 A Big Majority Is Satisfactory Not satisfactory Can't. say Unsatisfactory Can't say 14 100% 100% Among Liberals there is a heavy drop among those who feel a big majority is not a good thing, most of them mov- ing into the satisfied group. berals 1958 Today A Big Majority Is: Satisfactory Unsatisfactory Can't say are 40 23 100% 100% . World Copyright Reserved use of committees and ap- pointed boards of inquiry. Another is that we are in- clined to refer questions to cer- tain types of committees which another group would be much more qualified to tackle. This applies particularly to se- lect committees. . We have grown into the habit of putting a myriad of questions before select committees. Some of these are either highly technical, or concern matters which properly should be looked at by a non-political body. QUESTIONS VARY And on the other hand we have been putting essentially political questions before in- dependent committees or com- missions. An example of the first is the present committee on municipal affairs. It is a select committee and it is trying to unravel the very complex questions and issues in- volved in the need for municipal reform. From its performance to date it would appear to be clearly in over its head. What the question calls for its independent study by the best brains available. On the other hand fluoridation --which at root was almost en- tirely a political question was referred to an independent com- mission. Note Benefits Of Power Dam ROCKY MOUNTAIN HOUSE, Alta. (CP)--The Brazeau River hasn't been harnessed yet but an army of workers has put the collar around its neck . Two concrete conduits have been built to carry the river past the site of a multi-million dollar water storage and power dam being built near here, 100 miles southwest 'of Edmonton. Officials say the first benefits of the scheme will be seen this winter when water stored be- hind the dam is to be released to flow into the North Saskat- chewan River. The added water is expected to reduce pollution and increase the industrial po- tential of the North Saskat- chewan which flows through the cities of Edmonton, North Battleford, Sask., and Prince Albert, Sask. Two cofferdams have been built and will become part of the main dam designed to rise 203 feet and extend 6,970 feet along the top. More than 1,000,- 000 cubic yards of soil have been placed at this site where about 220 men work in dense forest. The total volume is ex- pected to be more than 3,840, 000 cubic yards. The Alberta government, anx- ious to have the water-storage facilities as early as possible, has agreed to advance up to $14,560,000 to Calgary Power 'Limited, the firm for which the dam is being built. Total cost is estimated at $65,000,000. in your baby's cheeks Best way to put roses in your baby's cheeks: make sure his food has enough of the right kind of tron. For your baby's sake, Gerber Baby Cereals contain a selected form of easy-to-absorb iron so baby can get all the blood-building benefits from this important mineral. Gerber Cereals are also enriched with calcium, phosphorus, B-vitamins. Important: Gerber Cereals are cooked by an exclusive method and twice-tested to insure digestibility. Flavours are pleasant . . . and all 6 stir to creamy smoothness in seconds, when mixed with MIXED CEREAL A formula or milk. 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