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Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited, 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ont. Poge 6 Friday, October 6, 1961 Search For Solutions By New Organization Canada was honored when Finance Minister Fleming was elected first chairman of the new Organization for Economic Co-operation and Develop- ment. The OECD replaces the Or- ganization for European Economic Co-operation, and the change offi- cially closed the "postwar" era of economic relations in the West. The OEEC was set up by nations of western Europe in response to the late George C. Marshall's famous 1947 pro- posal as secretary of state to rebuild their wartorn economies. Through it, 18 nations co-operated to carry out the European recovery program and achieve a greater degree of economic integration. By 1951, production in Western Europe exceeded prewar lev- els significantly; by 1958, it was pos- sible to make the major currencies of Western Europe almost full conver- tible. Europe's growing economic strength has been accompanied by an accumu- lation of international reserves by European countries and a disturbing weakness in the United States bal- ance of payments situation. The need to aid effectively the underdeveloped nations gives added urgency to the search for mew policies to fit the new economic realities. There clear- ly is a need for Europe to share the burden more fully with the United States. Finally, the success of the six na- tion European Common Market, which prompted Britain to seek admission into it, has spurred the need to pre- vent the free world from being di- vided into warring trade blocs. The OECD is the organizational answer produced by the search for solutions to those pressing problems. Canada and the United States are full participating members with the 18 European countries instead of as- sociates as they had been in the OEEC. The OECD's aims are to achieve rising living standards and financial stability in member countries, to con- tribute to the expansion of world trade on a non-discriminatory basis and to aid tle economic expansion of underdeveloped nations. The latter aim is new; the first two, holdovers from the OEEC. The OECD cannot be said to have a great deal of authority to carry out its aims. Yet its potential value is enormous. It can be the main instru- ment to prevent the breakdown of relationships within Europe and the chief agency through which Europe and North America can effectively co-operate to strengthen vastly the economy of the free world. Jean Monnet, one of the chief archi- tects of European unity, has said that the creation of the OECD is "one of the most important events since the war." Good Outdoor Manners The Ontario Forestry Association plans to launch a campaign, early in 1962, to promote "good outdoor man- ners." We hope their efforts has good results, because such a campaign is needed. There has been a tre- mendous rush to the outdoors in re- eent years, and unfortunately many of the people joining in the rush are boors and slovens. G. W. Phipps, president of the For estry Association, said: "Our Associ. ation has been concerned with the litter problem, since a segment of that element of the public which is careless with litter in our forested areas is also careless with matches, cigaret butts and campfires. For this reason we believe that our for- est fire prevention program should be expanded to include other aspects of good outdoor manners . . . Certainly the cost of cleaning up litter on our highways and in our parks, and the cost of suppressing man-made forest fires, not to mention the cost of lost tourist traffic, timber and financial returns, warrant the spending of larg- er sums of money on the prevention of these problems. All citizens of the province have a part to play in these activities." The Ontario Forestry Association, incidentally, relies for its finances upon individuals, business and government, and conducts several major conservation programs. The careless, slovenly people who scatter rubbish wherever they go un- doubtedly are the worst offenders. The person who leaves a dirty camp- site is the one most likely to leave a campfire burning or to toss away lighted cigaret butts. There are many other lesser offenders, however, there are people who operate power boats without regard for others using the lakes and rivers. There are the clods who clump along streams, spoiling the fishing for everyone. There are the noisemakers who cannot endure the quiet beauty of a wilderness evening. Thanksgiving In Canada Harvest relebrations are as old as agriculture, but it was not until 1957 that Thanksgiving Day was establish- ed as a fixed holiday on the Canadian calendar. The first Thanksgiving Day proclaimed in Canada, however, was celebrated in Halifax in 1763, and marked the signing of the Treaty of Paris on Feb. 10 of that year, end- ing the Seven Years' War between Britain and France. Under terms of the treaty Canada was ceded to Brit- ain. Proclamations were issued in both Upper and Lower Canada for thanks- giving on one of Nelson's victories, the Battle of the Nile in 1798, and The Oshawa Times 7. L. WILSON, Publisher and General Manager C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times tablished 1871) and the Gazette ond onicle (established 1863), Is published dally (Su ond staf hol of Hod Association, The Canodion Press, Audi Circulation and the Ontario Provincial it Bureou Dailies ciation. The C Press Is ively Offices: Thomson Bullding, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES carriers' delivery areas 12.00 per . Other Provinces yeor, end Commonwealth Countries 15.00. USA. ond Foreign 24.00, Circulation for the issue of March 30, 1961 17,363 Upper Canada celebrated again in 1816, after Napoleon was defeated at Waterloo. The next proclamation was issued by the Province of Canada on Dec. 14, 1849, setting aside a day in January, 1850, for thanksgiving on "the cessation of grevious diseases" ~--the late 1840's had brought a wave of immigration and with it came cholera and typhus, killing thous- ands. Typhus also figured in the first thanksgiving proclamation issued af- ter Confederation and observed April 15, 1872 -- in this case the recovery from typhus of the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII. It was not until 1879, however, that Canada had an annual day of thanks- giving. In that year the government of Sir John A. Macdonald, by order- in-council, issued a proclamation set- ting aside Nov. 6 as a day "to attend church and give thanks." A series of similar proclamations followed, each setting aside a date in November for Thanksgiving Day. But opposition to the November date, on the grounds that it was too far away from the harvest season and too close to Christe mas, brought a change to an October thanksgiving in 1900. Then came a seriec of yearly proclamations setting the date for the first or third Monday in October. After the First World War the proclamation set the date for Monday of the week in which Armistice Day occurred, and this practice was written into the law in the Armistice Day Act of 1921, which combined the two days. The two were later separated, and starting in 1931, proclamations set Thanksgiving } Day on the second Monday in October. ¥ a "ANYBODY CAN PULL A TRIGGER" . QUEEN'S PARK Magistrate Asks For Breathalizer By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- The magistrate has a point, Magistrate J o s e p h Addison here has gone on strike for *"breathalizers." He wants them. And he isn't convicting on im- paired driving charges until he gets them. He says that at present im- paired charges are really "trial by police." That there is no other evidence other than the policeman's word on which to decide whether a driver was impaired. CAN'T TEST? There are few--and the few perhaps includes Premier Frost --who have been more death on breathalizers than the writer. Behind this have been two thoughts: 1. That there can be no true mechanical test of drunkenness. 1 can have six ounces of booze in me and be drunk. You can have three ounces and be sober. Or on one day I can take six ounces with no effect. On an- other day it can send me high. 2. That it reverses our tradi- tional justice is that a compul- sory test would force an accused to give evidence against him- self. However Magistrate Addison forces this thought: Drinking charges are the only instance in our law where the opinion of a policeman is called for, and is practically the whole body of evidence. In such charges an officer will testify a man's face was "flushed," that he "staggered," that his eyes were "glassy" and that he didn't walk "normally." Such evidence, of course, must be largely opinion. What may be a flush on my face may be normal to you. GIVE PROTECTION This gives at least some sound justification in favor of compul- sory testing. When combined with the fact that driving a car is a distinct privilege and under licence it makes quite a powerful one. So powerul it is not difficult to see the day when there will be law for compulsory tests. There is no question that drunken driving is one of the great menaces of today and ex- traordinary control measures are called for. Let there be one hope, how- ever. This is that if such a law is passed it be carefully written into the record that it is an ex- ception and the reasons there- fore. Otherwise it could give hore rible encouragement to the wide. GALLUP POLL Restless Mood Shown By Voters' Opinions CANADIAN INSTITUTE of PUBLIC OPINION As rumors persist that a fed- eral election will be held before the end of this year, voters are in a restless mood. A check on how party favors stand today, in relation to last January shows the Liberals still slightly ahead of the Conservatives, in terms of the popular vote, with 42 per cent compared to the Conservative figure of 38 per cent. This is almost the same ranking reported at the start of the year. Since then, Conservatives have varied only 3 percentage ints on the national average. Quebec their fortunes have risen by 7 points since the low figure reported in January when they held just under a third of the popularity rating awarded Liberal forces. How- ever, for the first time this year, Ontario gives more of its popu- lar vote to the Liberals, with a 3 per cent lead -- within the Poll's margin of error. Last January Conservatives led in Ontario; today they do not. Western political ties for the Conservatives have remained fairly firm throughout the year varying only 1 per cent in the Poll's regular checks. For the Liberals, the year has shown a fairly consistent though slight lead over Conser- vatives in popular vote. They have dropped heavily in Quebec Progressive Conservatives Liberals (CCF) 38% January 1961 NATIONAL Today QUEBEC January 1961 ........ essssssene oe January 1961 ........ Today THE WEST January 1961 Today *Less than 1% however, losing one in five vot. ers since January. They have see-sawed in Ontario between 37 per cent and 44 per cent -- today's rating. The year has shown little change in favor for the CCF Party nationally, It has remain ed at 2 per cent in Quebec, risen slightly in Ontario, and dropped a bit in the West. The New Party, first reported separately early this year with a 3 per cent standing in the popular vote has moved up and down a point or two over the months, standing today at 4 per cent. It fares best in the West, with a 6 per cent rating, and worst in Quebec where it reaches 3 per cent -- inching up, however, in each check. The undecided vote is still very high, standing on a na- tional basis today at 26 per cent of all eligible voters. To obtain the Gallup Polls data for its continuous be- tween - election reports, inter- viewers asked: "If a federal election were held today which party's candi- date do you think you would favor?" The table compares today's standing with that of January in this year. Since the New Demo- cratic Party, a development in the CCF ranks, was formally given a name in August of this year, reports from now on will show the two combined. NDP Other 1% % 42 12 65 2 47 5 40 4 1 15 28 30 20 19 World Copyright Reserved PARAGRAPHICAL WISDOM In retaliatioh for being shot with water cannon, it is sug- gested that troops in West Ber- lin design or modify cannon with which to bombard the East Berlin troop, come winter, with hard packed giant snowballs. There are many and strange exceptions to the rule that ne- cessity is the mother of inven- tion, a recent one being the in- vention of a musical tooth- brush. "The future of hogs is uncer- tain." -- Market page note. In these hectic days and parlous times, the future of almost any- thing is uncertain. It isn't at all surprising that the type driver who holds on to the roof with his left hand as he drives does so as naturally as a monkey swings from a limb. Statistic: In the U.S. there are more telephones than there are bathtubs for people to be in when the phones ring. spread spirit today of pushing other people around. Also let the mechanical stand- ards of the test be so high there is no question they are in favor of the accused. OTTAWA REPORT Starr As Symbol To Many Citizens By PATRICK NICHOLSON The Honorable Michael Starr has a much greater significance as a cabinet minister than the bare fact that he our 16th Min- ister of Labor. Mike Starr's mother and father both came to Canada from the Ukraine; thus Mike himself is a native-born Cana- dian of 100 per cent "ethnic" vi- igin. As Canada's first Cabinet Minister with neither British nor French blood, he is the spokes- man for that valuable and grow- ing portion of our population which traces its distant roots back into eastern or central Eu- rope. To those 3,000,000 Canadians, Mike Starr's political eminence symbolises the equality and op- portunity offered to them in democratic Canada, but which they could never know in their old countries. Canadians of British or French ancestry can never fully under- stand what our freedom means to our fellow citizens who stem from those unhappy countries where freedom was unknown. Nor can they comprehend the very real loss which we would all suffer if our democratic gov- ernment were to be usurped by a Communist or fascist dictator- BYGONE DAYS 35 YEARS AGO Oshawa St. Andrew's team won the Ontario Juvenile Base- ball championship, defeating Guelph 18 to 4 in the deciding game, Albert Street United Church observed its 12th anniversary with Rev. J. S. McMullen, a former pastor, the special speaker. The Badminton Club of On- tario Regiment held its organi- aztion meeting, electing Cap- tain C. A. Mason as president and Lt. Harold Coppin, secre- tary-treasurer. Cobourg Presbytery of the United Church, meeting in Osh- awa, passed a resolution urging rigid enforcement of the Ontar- io Temperance Act. Major R. B. Smith was ap- pointed to command the Whit. by unit of the Ontario Regi- ment. The new highway running north through Brooklin was officially - opened by A. L. Squire, Deputy Minister of Highways. Building permits issued for the month of September total- led 61 with an estimated value of $160,560, an increase of $52, 200 over August, Several dog' owners who neg- lected or refused to pay the usual tax levied by the muni- cipality, were issued court summons and paid fines of $1 and costs. ship. But those three million Ca- nadians, who trace back to 20th century flights from central and eastern Europe, remain acutely conscious that our democratic freedom is our most precious possession. ' A HUMAN SIGNPOST This explains vhy Mike Starr enjoys more than just the wide accolade of a sincere and suc- cessful politician. To three mil- lion Canadians he is a living symbol of democratic freedom. That is why as a platform speaker he always attracts such huge enthusiastic audiences. And that is why there was a deep significance, possibly over- looked by many Canadians, in the speech which he delivered last week to those Canadian women whom he praised as "the girls behind the men behind the guns in World War II." Michael Starr was addressing the reunion of the Canadian Army Corps, in Toronto. "Many of you," he said, "are today the mothers of young Ca nadians who are carrying on the traditions of freedom. I feel that those young Canadians must be very proud of a mother wh» wore the uniform of Canada in World War IL" But, the Minister warned, the same courage and dedication which those girls showed in World War II is required today in the conflict between two worlds, "Let us be very clear that what we are defending is free- dom as it exists in the Western democracies." There spoke an ethnic Canadian, to whom the phrase "freedom as it exists in the Western democracies" needs i no explanation; it contrasts too vividly with the slave-like exis- tence in an old country which was not and is not a Western democracy. Thus Mike Starr joined Justice Minister Davie Fulton, who re- cently warned Canadians against the danger of communism in our midst; and he joined Prime Min- ister John Diefenbaker, who never ceases to warn us of the very real threat of communism without our borders. More, Mike Starr took up the prime min. ister"s recent theme that we must describe and broadcast what democracy stands for. "Across the surface of the earth, Communist propaganda beats out a never-ending tom tom of achievement and power," said the minister. "The Commu- nists say to the dispossessed and the hungry: 'Give up freedom, and we will give you bread'. But in the end the dupes find that, having given up freedom, there is no bread either." "We must," urged Mr. Starr, "be able to say to the hungry and the suffering around the world that our democratic sys- tem can provide bread and free- dom at the same time. This claim the Communists do not and can not make. Communism is ushered in via the bullet and the bayonet; upon its arrival, freedom is systematically de- stroyed." "We must recognise this as a combat," warned Hon Michael Starr, "and not lull ourselves into the false security of believ- ing that freedom was won for us for all time by our fathers." INSIDE YOU Choosing Pastime For Later Years By BURTON H. FERN, MD Forced retirement can kill just as well as a hangman's noose. it smothers you with soft kind- ness until you have nothing left to live for! Oldsters proved good workers during World War Two when young men were hard to find. But today, birthday -- not abil- ity = determines retirement. And so you're pensioned and pocket-watched with solid gold walking papers. You're not being let out to pasture. You're being kicked, whipped and pushed out there. No one remembers how proud- ly you labored day after day. Or the satisfaction you felt after hurtling giant obstacles, some- times long after the § o'clock whistle had sounded. Without these satisfactions life becomes hollow emptiness. PLAN AHEAD If you're to be judged by the calendar instead of your calibre, plan ahead. Is it worth leaving friends and family to live with other retired folks in sunny Florida or California? Can a hobby absorb your strength, your interest, your labor? A do-it-yourself carpenter can turn out furniture needy people couldn't otherwise afford. And radio hams often relay vital -- and sometimes lifesaving -- messages. Start now! Choose a pastime that can keep you busy doing things for others. Everyone needs to be needed. The right hobby can make you more esserial than that old job. Perhaps you can teach your skills to classrooms of young sters. Who can teach machine, operating better than a man with 30 years of experience. Maybe the company will keep you on as a part-time consult. ant, teacher or trouble shooter, You don't have to feel useless. =Y WRITING ou might even try § down your experiences Ric osophy of life. Yours is as good as the next man's -- probably better. Herbert Hoover, who is now 87 years old, still works ten hours a day, writing three books at one time. Retirement needn't force you fo take 365 holidays a year. Every day can be a labor day, if you want. What about the 65-year-old housewife? If she's entitled to retire, who's going to keep house for you? This Is fo certify that Dow Ale is brewed by the exclusive Cool Control process. This process Is continually tested, thereby ensuring uniform high quality. Fire nllon, LD DR, R, H. WALLACE, DIRECTOR, QUALITY CONTROL MULTI- BLENDING A master blending of 38 brews brings out the best in 2 DOW BRINGS OUT THE BEST... BIG FOUR FOOTBALL ON TV Saturday, October 7th aot 2:00 P.M. WATCH IT ON CF T0-TV CHANNEL Toronto vs Montreal Saturday, October 14th at 2:00 P.M. Montreal vs Ottawe ~makes Dow the easiest-drinke ing, most dependably uniform ale ever brewed. SLENDED MOPS ~ : Only a masterful blending of the best hops can bring out the best in beer. Dow selects prime hops, picked at the fleeting moment of perfection, and blends them carefully to give you that trus beer taste you enjoy in Dow. The best in beer demands the best Ingredients. The barley Canada produces. Noth- ing less willmeet Dow standards. SMOOTH YEAST A special, highly-prized yeast is another secret of the fine quality of Dow Ale. This exclusive Dow Smooth Ale Yeast has been carefully developed from some of the most valuable yeast strains in the world.