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SING ALONG WITH GEORGE Paraplegic George Dyck, a self-taught guitarist, gets some vocal support from his dog Champ as he strikes up 2 tune in his Winnipeg home. George, 22, has been para- lyzed from the waist down for the last 12 years as a result of a shooting accident. He is*a fourth-year science stu- dent at the University of Man- loba, (CP Photo) Rhodesia, Nyasaland Plan April 27 Vote By CAROL KENNEDY Africa. | It is bordered by countries that present a cross-section of] African politics and problems. To the south is white-ruled ; Southern Rhodesia: Economicljeral systeni----to give Africans LONDON (CP)--The Federa-|pace-setter for the federation.|15 seats in the legislature. Eur- tion of Rhodesia and Nyasaland,|Its 274,000 whites enjoy one ofjopeans have 50 seats and here whose future hangs on federal|the highest living standards in|/the comparatively progressive elections being held April 27,|/the world. The African popula-/UFP holds only a two-seat sprawls unevenly across 486,000|tion, about 2,750,000 is contin-jmajority over the right-wing' square miles of the dry high-|ually swelled by a flow of labor| Dominion Party. veldt country of south-central/from the two northern territo-| Northern Rhodesia: Nearly ries where wages are much lower. It is a flat scrubland country three times the size of England twice the size of its dynamic neighbor, Northern Rhodesia's wealth and most of its 77,000 Europeans are concentrated in but somewhat smaller than'the Copper Belt, bordering on The YOU'LL NEVER FIND BETTER FAMILY PROTECTION Oshawa Times FOR LESS THAN republican South Africa; to the/Newfoundland. Its . prosperity|the Katanga province of The north ie hattle- aca Congo comes from well-organized agri-| Congo. and independent black Tangan-|culture,. mainly tobacco and yika. Flanking it are the Portu-/maize; chrome and asbestos| .4°° Bae get ige =. guese colonies of Angola ree, and a booming light! peoith are Kitwe, Ndola, Luan- Mozambique. industry. | che, ; ; There is something symbolic; The chief cities are Salisbury, bo Be yoyo yl ara about the federation's place on|where the first settlers planted lear toe of 12,500 whites, 61,000 the map. It was created in 1953,|the Union Jack in 1890, and) sricang : ae a century after the birth of Cecil! Bulawayo, the rail and commer- 5 John Rhodes, founder of Rho-j|cial centre of the country. LED BY KAUNDA Northern Rhodesia has been) $10,000 TRAVEL and desia, in hopes that among other) Salisbury, a thrusting '"'little benefits it would bring a multi-|Chicago" of dazzling white sky-ja British protectorate since} racial solution to the problem| scrapers and leafy suburbs, has|1911, with an elected legislative! of African government. ja population of 260,000, It has|council and a cabinet-level exe-| The three countries that make/a lively, cosmopolitan atmos-|cutive council largely nomi- up the federation are the self-|phere and its 84,000 Europeans/nated by the governor. governing colony of Southern/are doing much to break down) with the exception of the Rhodesia, whose capital Salis-|race barriers. feudal enclave of Barotseland bury is also the federal capital, under its Paramount Chief, the and the two protectorates,|AFRICANS GET VOICE 2,500,000 Afri = | Bul , with 4 . 500, cans of Northern Northern Rhodesia and Nyasa- Py 130,600 bin ec agg fl -- Rhodesia are politically active. wee | provincial in flavor. Multi-racial|They find a powerful voice in) DISTRUST FEDERATION ideas are slower to catch on|Kenneth Kaunda's United Na- that grows up to $15,000" The idea of federation had| been in the air for nearly 30) years. The economies of the three landlocked countries were| sparsely along the Bulawayo-|and Britain's colonial secretary largely complementary and it)Salisbury railroad, and in Um-|over the terms of a new con- was obvious that centralized|tali, a fruit-farming centre onjstitution that would give Afri- control would improve commu-/|the mountainous eastern border.|can nationalists a measure of nications and develop such here than in the capital. They) "onal Independence Party. are even more distrusted in the} small agricultural towns strung) Southern Rhodesia has been a} All last year Kaunda tangled with federal Premier Welensky' power in the legislative council.| mutually beneficial projects as| self-governing colony since 1923.| Finally, last February, a| hydro-electric Zambesi River. Perhaps the rosiest economic| prospect was. the thought of Northern Rhodesia's rich copper mines forming the basis for a federal economy. In 1960 copper accounted for 80 per cent of total federal exports. Indirectly, | it has also helped pour federal susbidies of £3,000,000 a year into undedreveloped Nyasaland. From the start, however, the Africans in the two northern territories distrusted federation. They felt Southern Rhodesia would benefit most from the association and feared their political future would be swamped. In Southern Rhodesia the whites were powerful and close - knit with a sense of pioneer heritage while the Afri- cans were completely apathetic about politics. To appease such fears it was agreed in 1951 that Northern Rhodesia and Nyasaland should keep their protectorate status within the federal framework. TWO VOTING ROLLS The franchise governing fed- eral elections works on two voters' rolls open to citizens over 21 of all races but subject to certain. qualifications of in- come and education. Registered voters now include some 104,000 Europeans and 10,000 Africans. The second roll specially caters to Africans by requiring income of only £120 a year or two years' secondary education. Twelve of the 59 members must be Africans. Forty-four others may be either European or African gh the large majority of European voters virtually assures most of these will be white. Three Europeans are elected with special respon- sibilities for African interests. The federal election of 1958-- when 53 seats were contested-- brought to power the United Federal Party under Sir Roy Welensky with 44 members to eight for the Dominion Party and one independent. The Federal Party is in prin- ciple a multi-racial organiza- tion; in practice it is dominated by Europeans, The federal assembly legis- lates on defence, economic and financial matters, communica- tions and non-African education. Most other matters are left to member governments. The Brit- ish government reserves ulti- mate responsibility for some federal legislation and for for- eign, policy. NOw for a closer look at the dares territart rear Sir Edgar Whitehead, prime} minister and leader of the | | | Students Probe Repellents For Insects EDMONTON (CP) -- What makes an insect repellent repel? Although good repellents have been on the market' for years, no one knows why they work. At the University of Alberta's entomology department this year, four post-graduate stu- dents are making a biting in- quiry into mosquito behavior to see what empties the flying hypodermics and what doesn't. Malcolm Reddy of East- bourne, England, an Edinburgh University graduate, is studying liquid repellents to see if they have a common chemical factor that keeps the insects from getting under your skin. , Such a discovery would be welcomed by the volunteers who test new anti- mosquito com- pounds, Scientists smear the volunteers' arms with the new products and the volunteers |stick their arms into a cage full jof mosquitoes. The product's effectiveness is judged by a biting index. A Pakistani student from Kar- achi; Abdul Khan, is working with gas-type poisons such as are used in various bug-bombs. Volunteers don't test these, since generally they are toxic to humans also. Mosquito distribution and be- havior studies are being made jby David Happold of Salisbury, |England, who is interested in jall Canadian 'mosquitoes, from the one on the nose of the New- foundland fisherman to the pest in the ear of the Vancouver \Island golfer. The fourth student, Amalia Pucat of Edmonton, is observ- ing the workings -of the mos- quito's mouth parts to see how they affect its feeding habits. His advice is to stay away from the female of the species. "The male lacks the hypo- dermic apparatus of the fe- male," he says, "and feeds by sipping at ectar from wild United Federal Party in South-|cations--some 25,000 Europeans, een Rhodesia, succeeded in/3.009 Africans -- would elect 15 widening the franchise--similar| seats. A lower roll designed for jin its qualifications to the fed-| africans -- requiring literacy in| \Sir Ray Walansky's aantral. wer from the/|Until last year its parliament|three-decker formula was found! |was virtually all white. In 1961/for the 45-seat legislature. An upper roll of voters with high} property or educational qualifi-' Itheir own language and £120 al year -- elects another 15 seats) from about 70,000 voters. | ELECTION IS EARLY The remaining 15 are 40- called national seats, elected by both voting rolls. Candidates must poll at least 10 per cent of the vote of each race in the national constituencies to qual- ify for election. | The new constitution could en- able Kaunda's nationalists to win a majority in about a year's time. Sir Roy Welensky fears that if this happens, Northern Rhodesia may take itself and its wealth out of the federation. This is really why he has called the federal elections a year early, hoping that if the UFP is returned to power it will prove to be a mandate for the triple association to continue. Nyasaland: The Cinderella and problem child of the feder- ation. A long, thin, lake - and- mountain country that hangs down the eastern side of the federation, Nyasaland produces tea, tobacco and little else. Its dense African population, clus- tered mainly around Lake Ny- asa, approaches 2,900,000 and outnumbers white settlers by 300 to 1. | In spite of federal aid, it ts a desperately poor country, dif- ficult to cultivate, The only town of any size in its 36,000 square miles of rocky land 1s Blan- tyre-Limbe, with 4,000 Europe- ans and 28,000 Africans. Zomba, the capital, has a white popula- tion of only 850. BANDA WANTS OUT Nyasaland: has been a protec- torate since 1907. Last August, under a franchise system simi- lar to that in Northern Rhodesia but with slightly lower qualifica- tions enabling 106,000 Africans to vote, the nationalist Malawi Congress Party gained control of the legislative council. | Nyasaland's executive council) also has five elected African} members, in contrast to North- ern Rhodesia where the two African ministerial posts are inominated by the governor. Having achieved so much power, it is the ambition of Prime Minister Dr. Hastings Banda to take Nyasaland out of the federal association and Does this sound too good to be true? Well, the Oshawa Times and the Scottish & York In- surance Company Ltd. will prove that it's true. This insurance was carefully planned for months before being offered. It provides un- usually extensive coverage and is the finest low cost accident insurance you could buy. PER WEEK PAYABLE $1.50 YEARLY COSTS ONLY 1,50 2 ter ber aged 1-79. 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