The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L, Wilson, Publisher FRIDAY, JANUARY 25, 1963 -- PAGE 6 Famine Figures Called 'Arithmetical Error' Canadians are constantly being told that they are "rich" people who could be and should be doing a lot more to make life more bear- able for the needy people in other lands, A favorite statistic of the critics is the total number of hungry Asians (or Africans or South Americans) who would be happy to exist only on the food that we throw into our garbage cans. But perhaps we are not as heartless as the critics make out; and perhaps the hunger that we are told about is not, in fact, nearly so widespread as some agen- cies would have us believe. What is really required, it seems, is a thorough study of the areas and extent of need, in order that our aid may be wisely given. And the study should be impartial, not carried out by an agency which has a vested interest in the building of a huge organization to administer the aid. An Oxford professor -- Professor Colin Clark, director of the Oxford Agricultural Economic Research Unit -- has just told a United King- dom students' conference that not only is that frequently-quoted sta- tistic in serious error, but that the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is currently having difficulties in giving away even $100 million worth of surplus food. "This figure that two-thirds of the world is hungry," said Professor Clark, "is just an arithmetical error, It all traces down to an original article in 1950 by Lord Boyd Orr, In this case he was working on a table of figures which had been pre- sented to him by the FAO, They were not very good figures, but he made things worse by mixing up two columns in the table. The one column was a list of estimated minimum requirements and the other the proposed targets for the future. "The figure for the number eo people who did not have sufficient calories is probably about 15 per cent of the world's population, obout 450 million people. The point is that it is very difficult to reach them." Professor Clark did not belittle the seriousness of the fact that per- haps 15 per cent of the world's population is undernourished, but he and.other speakers emphasized that in giving things away there are problems of transportation and distribution, of diplomacy, of get- ting through to the most needy, of unfamiliarity with what is offered, and even of national vanities, In India, for instance, food supplies were always distributed so that the outcast, the very neediest, came last; it was India, too, that accused a French economist of advocating a new form of colonialism when he suggested giving Europe's surplus steel to that country, Search For A Leader The death of Hugh Gaitskell has thrown the British Labor party into confusion at a time when it seemed headed for victory in the next gen- eral election. The question now seems to be whether the party can fill the enormous gap in leadership left by Mr. Gaitskell's death and pick up the momentum it had while he was alive. Some British commentators are saying that "with Mr. Gaitskell, Labor could well have won the election, but without him there are Brave doubts that Labor can win." That is a measure of what Mr. Gaitskell meant to his party; there is no one in the party who can don his mantle without considerable controversy, or who can win the same measure of public approval as a possible prime minister. Our London correspondent, Mc- Intyre Hood, writes that while George Brown will be acting leader until a successor is chosen, Harold Wilson is probably the outstanding candidate for the party leadership, judged strictly on ability and ex- perience. Mr, Brown was Mr, Gaitskell's deputy; he was unswervingly loyal and repeatedly demonstrated his willingness to undertake any task assigned to him, But he is disliked by the party's left wing, and many party members suspect his views on defence and the Common Market. Mr. Wilson, the "'shadow cabinet's" foreign minister, was defeated by Mr. Brown for the deputy leader- ship, but he is the darling of the left wing and his doctrinaire views command considerable support. There are other possible candi- dates James Callaghan, the "shadow" chancellor of the ex- chequer is one, and Patrick Gordon Walker, the "shadow" defence minister is another. Mr. Walker appars to be a man in the Gaitskell mould. But both must be reckoned as dark-horse possibilities at this stage. Invention And Science Despite today's emphasis on science, not all of the important discoveries are as recent as this generation might suppose, nor have all the finds been made by college- trained researchers. This thought occurred to writer C. J. Harris after a reading of a biography of the man who discovered how to keep bacteria out of milk. The date was 1853 and the man was Gail Borden, whose name is perpetuated in the dairy products company he founded and who likely considered himself a businessman and inventor rather than a scientist. Borden was a New Englander She Oshawa Times T. tL. WILSON, Publisher C. GWYN KINSEY, Editor The Oshawa Times Neca ic Woe Oshawa Times lesteblished 1871) and Gazette and nlidye is 9 babahed doily ex le (established 1863, (Sundeys ne statutory hol be Circulation 'and ite The ress is ly entitied to = use of republication of all news ae & the credited to it or to The Assoc Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. Ali! tights of special des petches cre also reserved. Offices: Thom: Avenue, Toronto, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshowa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Columbus, , Greenwood, Kinsale, Raglan, Blackstock, Pontypool and 45c. per week. By mail (in Province of Ontario) outside carriers "ev areas 12.00 per year, Other ond Countries 15,00, U.S.A. end foreign 24.00. ears Provincial Dailies son Building, 425 University Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Newcastle, not over and in his late twenties he gained considerable fame for his part in Texas' struggle for independence from .Mexico, From early youth he had had the notion that the purity of food could be preserved by con- densation and his first experiments were with dehydrated beef, which he mixed with flour and made into biscuits. This was nota profitable venture, although the biscuits were successfully used by pioneers trek- king through Texas and on to Cali- fornia and by explorers in our Arec- tic, and they won Borden an award at London's famous Crystal Palace Exhibition in 1851. However, re- turning from England by boat, Borden started on a new tack when he saw children of steerage passen- gers stricken with fatal diseases from drinking contaminated milk. Settling in New England, Borden spent two years working out a pro- cess of condensing milk. by boiling off eighty per cent of the water in an air-tight vacuum pan. Paradoxi- cally, Borden had discovered that the secret of purity was to exclude air even though it was to be years before the great French chemist Pasteur was to prove that minute organism existed in ordinary air. Borden had never heard of dis- ease germs, but he went ahead and perfected a way of making food safe to eat. 'TALKS CAN'T DRAG ON | 3 FOREVER "_ smacmucan REPORT FROM U.K. Drive For Trade Topic Of Parley By M. McINTYRE HOOD Special London (Eng.) Correspondent For The Oshawa Times LONDON -- Even before the negotiations for British entry into the European Economic Community seemed certain to collapse into complete futility, steps were being taken to hold a conference in London for the purpose of boosting British trade throughout the world, but with the Commonwealth as the backbone of the campaign. Plans for this conference, which is io be held in March, have been announced by Presi: dent Briginshaw of the Forward Britain Movement, This move- ment has for the past two years campaigned consistently against Brita'n's entry into the Common Market, According to Mr, Briginshaw, members of parliament, indus- trialists, union chiefs, Common: wealth representatives and for- eign chiefs will attend this con: ference, Mr. Briginshaw intimated that a delegation of Canadians, whose prime minister, John Diefenbaker, has offered Ot- tawa as a location for a world gathering on trade, will attend the London talks, Mr, Briginshaw said the con- ference was urgently required to bring British industry out -of the doldrums in which it had been placed by the long period of uncertainty over the Common Market, which | he _dese ribed YOUR HEALTH Traction Advised For Bone 'Spurs' By JOSEPH G. MOLNER, MD Dear Dr. Molner: Please write about calcium spurs, After an extensive examination, including X-rays, brain wave test, etc., a neurologist diag- nosed my severe head and scalp pains as originating from "discs in the neck that have spurs on them," He advised traction. H, T. The "'spurs" in this case are overgrowths of the neck bones ---that is, of the edges of some of these bones. This is a quite common occurrence as we grow older, Should these overgrowths be in such position as to put pres- sure on certain of the nerves radiating from the spine, the re- sult can be pain, not necessarily at the point of pressure, but at some point served by the nerve, The pressure on the nerve re- sults in an impulse reaching the brain that is the same as though the painful situation were occur- ring elsewhere. These pains need not seem to be in the head; they fairly often seem to be the arms, Traction is the first and con- servative approach to this trou- ble. If the bones of the neck can thus be drawn apart enough to relieve the pressure, the pain is lessened. If traction does not succeed, then surgery may be necessary, The goal is to take the pressure off those nerves and to relax tense muscles in the neck. Dear Dr. Molner: What per- centage of purk is infested with trichina? I am usually quite careful but a few days ago I was in a hurry and cooked sau- sage only 18 minutes at 300 de- &rees, After we had eaten some I knew it wasn't done and I recooked the remainder. How- ever now I am wondering whether a death sentence is ranging over our heads.--Mrs, ar. 2 This letter is from Kansas-- a state of low incidence ,of trich- ina, where less than one-tenth of One per cen of swine are in- fested. Chances, therefore, are less than one in a thousand, and the cooking, in this case, may or may not have destroyed - the larva, if any, Larva will be de- Stroyed if the pork is cooked to 137 degrees all the way through Dear Dr, Molnér: My son, 20, has been advised by an ortho- dontist to have an operation to Shorten the jawbone. What sort of surgeon does this work and is there any place in the country where there's an outstanding specialist?--Mrs, K. W. It could be done by a dental surgeon (he specializes in the more complex types of oral work) or it could be done by a plastic surgeon, Your orthodon- tist could refer you; most metro- politan areas have competent surgeons in these fields. It may be a waste of money to go long distances, since you usually find that you have just as good care closer to home, Dear Dr, Molner: For six or eight months my left shoulder has pained me a lot although it lessens during the day, What do you think the trouble is?--Mrs, CB, Obviously, I can only specu- late. Get your doctor's diagno- sis, Among the frequent causes is a strain from some unusual use of the arm--wall washing, painting a ceiling, or sawing wood, Bursitis (from too much pres: sure or strain on a joint) is an- other, There may be a calcium deposit along a tendon or in a bursa which causes pain in cer- tain movements, Such a condi- tion might be more painful at night because you lie with your arm in some particular position, as a "restrictive trading community," The London meeting, it. is believed, will per a major part in promoting the idea of a world eccnomic conference which the Forward Britain Movement has launched to remove trade bar- riers and obstacles, Among the areas to be rep- resented at the conference will be the Far East and South America, Mr, Briginshaw said that the government, in its approach to the negotiations with the Com- mon Market Six, had become every more abject since the Paris news conference at which President de Gaulle slammed the Common Market door in Britain's face, "Our campaign will continue until Britain finally withdraws from the negotiations" he said, Behind the idea also is An- thony Fell, Conservative mem- ber of Parliament, Mr, Fell said that President de Gaulle had done Britain a great ser- vice by his stand on the Com- mon Market. He added: "We can now get on with the work of remedying the incalcu- lable damage which the Com- mon Market negotiations have had on our Commonwealth trading policy. The pro-Common Marketeers have tried to give the impression that if we stayed out it would cripple our trade with Europe. That is utter nonsense," While the conference which is being organized by Mr. Brigin- shaw will have no official sta- tus, it is expected to provide an opportunity for a compre. hensive study of ways and means by which Britain's trade, particularly with Common: wealth countries, can be in- creased to compensate for fail- ure to get into the European Economic Community. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Jan, 25, 1963... The veteran CPR liner Empress of Canada burnt out to a total wreck at her berth in Liverpool, England, 10 years ago today--in 1953, For eight hours firemen battled the blaze which ate through her vitals before they abandoned her as her plates became -white hot and buckled, The $5,000,000 fire ended the hopes of hun- dreds of Canadians booked to 'sail in her. to Queena Elizabeth's June coronation, Other ships and airlines were booked to capacity. The vessel was salvaged and scrapped the following year, BY-GONE DAYS 35°YEARS AGO Plans were announced for the building of the four-storey Alger building on King street east to replace the block destroyed by fire. The ground floor was to be occupied by the Traymore Restaurant, Members of the Oshawa Ro- tary Club and some 350 other citizens made an inspection tour of the new General Motors of- fice building, William street east, J. S. Kyle was elected presi- dent of the South Ontario Agri- cultural Society with Oscar Downey as first vice-president Amalgamation of the Oshawa Dairy Limited and Staple's Dairy, formerly the Lander Dairy, was announced for January 31 City Council received offers for purchase of the old city hall at Richmond and Simeoe streets, one from a local firm and the other from Toronto, Oshawa Branch 43, Canadian Legion, took a party of Oshawa artists to Toronto to entertain the patients in Christie Street Hospital. A decision was made by St. George's Anglican Church to establish two mew parishes in Oshawa, one in the northwest section and the other in the southeast. G, M. Forsythe, reeve of Pickering, was elected Warden of Ontario County for 1928, The year 1927 was a historic one for St. Andrew's Church here when 111 new members were received and over $32,000 raised, Essex Lodge Sons of England held their annual banquet con- ducted by D. D, Bro. W. Barrett. C. Lee was installed Worthy President. Retiring President C. Rendell was presented with a jewel for his services South Oshawa United Church CGIT group held its annual meeting and electicn of officers. Elected were, Gladys Hurlbert, president; Helen Boddy, vice- president and Lottie Arnold as secretary. Constant Battle Waged Against Farm Diseases By JACK VAN DUSEN OTTAWA (CP)--A lanky, ci- gar-puffing veterinarian keeps his finger. on the pulse of Can- ada's farm animal population-- rushing teams to the rescue when disease breaks out, . Dr, K, F, (Ken) Wells, Can- ada's veterinary secretary-gen- eral, heads a team of a and veterinarians waging a pe petual battle against infant disease. The 48 . year - old native of Swan River, Man,, says the re- sult of the continuing campaign is that Canada is one of the most disease-free countries in the world, A byproduct is that many millions of dollars are saved every year for farmers and, in- directly, for consumers. And, says Dr, Wells, healthy ani- mals mean healthy people, A graduate of the Ontario Veterinary College who joined the agriculture department's health of animals division in 1939, he directs a staff of 1,500, psmven 545 veterinarians, in a ign that emphasizes: pre- pie ve measures, His tundreds of inspectors check every animal that comes into the country from overseas, "Any tivestock or live stock product can carry agents of disease," EXAMINE STRAW The. wide range of in jon is indicated by the fact that re- cently two elephants wane ex: amined, And even the straw ac- companying imported animals is scrutinized, Ships from abroad plying Ca- nadian waters and aircraft landing on Canadian soil are included, All foreign garbage OTTAWA REPORT Bitter Criticism Of Trade Policy By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA -- Canada's present international trade policy is a continuation of the "laissez- faire" and 'drift' initiated dur- ing the lush post-war years by the Liberal government, It is disastrous for Canada today, just as it was disastrous for Canada then, and we must do something to correct this stu- pidity--or sink, That is the verdict of Mr, H, M. Forth, president of the Canadian Small and Independ- ent Business Federation, We have permitted some countries to batten upon us, lampreys in the lake of inter- national trade, and we are in terrible trouble as a_ result, We have lcng been running ad- verse trading balances with cer- tain countries, notably the U.S,; and to pay our yearly deficits, we have been mortgaging the old homestead, We must not only halt this process; but we must also begin to buy back our own homestead, suggests Mr, Forth, WE MUST TRADE HARD "The facts are unpleasant be- cause the truth is we've mort- gaged Canada to foreigners and it will cost us plenty to buy it back," said Mr, Forth, He ex- lained that we cannot curtail mports from those countries with whom we already enjoy a favorable balance of trade, such as Britain, Japan and West Germany. To be able to buy from us, they must sell to us, he explained, But we have grossly unfavorable trading bal- ences with two countries, Vene- zuela and the U.S., he pointed out, "There's only one way to al- ter the balance of trade with the U.S., and that's through a drastic tightening of belts, for most of our imports are in the luxury class," said Mr, Forth. "As for Venezuela it is im- perative that we end this imbal- ance immediately, We import oil from Venezuela when we have more oil than we can use. This is little short of insanity." We have many experts in in- ternational trade in Ottawa. There is no disagreement with Mr, Forth's forthright com- ments among them, The background to our trade picture with Venezuela, which he criticizes so vehemently, is just this. We spend a lot of money buying oil from 'nterna- tional companies which enjoy concessions in the Venezuelan oilfields, We pay out foreign exchange, of which we are short, for that oil, But we have ample oil in our own oil wells, many of which are controlled by those same comprnies. Of course that is insanity. PIPELINE TO MONTREAL? "What about a pipeline from Alberta to Montreal?" asks Mr, Forth, "It would cost plenty, but that money would be spent in Canada, buying Canadian jobs to keep our own wells working,"' That would be better than us _paying out money to provide jobs and profits in Ven- ezuela, Those a r e the particular points about our international trade which this prominent rep- resentative of Canada's small businessmen put forward, Then in general he discussed how we can solve our difficulties, Only a coalition government of all our parties can solve our pres- ent problems, he suggests. Our minority Conservative government is compelled to de- vote its major effort to staying in power; its opponents must devote their major effort to up- setting the Censervative govern: ment, No politicians are able to apply their best efforts to "gov- erning' Canada; all must think first of "campaigning." The Independent Business- man, the monthly voice of small business 'n Canada, has taken up Mr, Forth's cry, "For the good of the country they have all vowed to serve, our four ma- jor political parties should agree to a coalition," it as- serts, This is a ~-- revolutionary idea on Parliament Hill. It has been. suggested previously in this column, which has also re- ported the vivid disagreement of Liberal Leader Pearson. {s burned under supervision. And the meat stocks of foreign Lawrence Seaway are 8¢ until they leave Canadian war. ters, forcing them to use Ca nadian food, _ , Viruses of most diseases ou, exist in meats, Dr, Wells. ex--- plained, and the department takes every precaution to @n- sure that no possibly contaml- nated bg come anywhere ships th St... near Oseh's 12,000,000 vege. or other farm animals, Hig inspectors also eanmion 85 per cent of the meat and-- meat products produced in Cans ada, There are 257 plants now" under -- and many~ more seeking the service, "We have good men and ni veterinarians," says Dr, Wells,» "They're reliable, era: conscientious--I ean' enough adjectives," In administering an organizar" tion with a $14,000,000 budget, Dr. Wells' 'aim is to "make the. livestock of this country the healthiest in the world," MONEY WELL SPENT He believes the money brings great returns, Every preventive. measure taken now saves the" country a potential loss of $900,+-- 000,000 a year and more, he* says, noting that that was the. estimated cost of the foot-ands" mouth epidemic among West-. ern Canada livestock in 1952, Dr, Wells headed the team of 85 vets that cleaned up the out- break in a record 10 moaths, About 1,700 animals were de- stroyed by the government and $1,000,000 paid to farmers in compensation, But this was only a small part of the coét, The actual drop in inventory of Canadian livestock was $648,- 278,000, the export loss was $150,000,000 and support prices cost the government another $100,000,000 for a total of nearly $900,000,000, he says, Of the foot-and-mouth out break and the recent hog chol- era epidemic in Quebec and Ontario, Dr,. Wells says "the law of averages is such that you're going to be beaten once in a while," CHOLERA COST LOW Controls and preventive meas- ures have made foot-and-mouth qon-existent and hog cholera a minor problem in Canada, Con- trol of hog cholera costs about half a cent for each hog going to market, In contrast the United States lives with hog cholera and the disease costs the industry about $1 for every hog going to mar ket, Dr, Wells says, adding that the annual U.S. loss from the disease is between $50,000,000 and $60,000,000, QUEEN'S PARK Fresh ' Territory In Trade Crusade By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--A Sales Opportu- nity Mission is now on its way to Los Angeles, This is the first time that a mission has gone to an area where there are no Ontario gov- ernment facilities. There is no trade office in Los Angeles, or anywhere along the Pacific coast, In view of the big potential of the market there is a possibility that an office will be opened, however. The sales mission is partly a test of this potential, A further mission to Mexico City will also explore the pos- sibilities there. These sales missions are one aspect of the Trade Crusade which have not brought criti- cism, It is recognized they have done a good job, and probably represent the best dollar value out of the crusade, If there is a criticism it is that there haven't been enough of them--and possibly that they haven't been publicized quite as much as they might have been, PUBLIC PROTECTOR? A suggestion that will come before the Liberal policy con- vention js that there should be an "ombudsman" in Ontario, It's a good proposal and it is to be hoped it is eventually pro ceeded with, As developed in the Scandina- vian states the ombudsman is an official whose sole job is to protect the rights of citizens, Private citizens can complain to him in cases of official in- justice, and he investigates the complaint without any cost to the citizen, ; : If the system were adopted in Ontario the an also might be an "auditor" of citi- zen's rights in legislation as it is brought before the house, Our provincial statutes are in- clined to be free and easy on the question of rights. The Liquor Control Act, for instance, gives the police the power of entry to a premises without a search warrant, de- spite the fact this is absolutely against our basic principles. MR, TREMBLAY Maurice Tremblay, mentioned here a few days ago, is dead, It is a sad loss--particulanly to.us in the press gallery who had kaown him so fondly over many years, There also is a touch of bitter. ness in our feelings, for we feel he was one who was not done' well by. And as a man of great loyalty and big heart he deserved bet» ter, 1962-A YEAR \ OF SOLID GROWTH HIGHLIGHTS OF THE YEAR 1,262,000 NET PROFITS DEPOSITS e«. 5 An increase over 1961 of 25% See e wee wee ene = = $189,116,000 An increase over 1961 of 27% CAPITAL AND RESERVE FUND - - $ 17,651,000 An increase over 1961 of 40% TOTAL ASSETS «= +++ 2+ = +/+ = = $392,302,000 An increase over 1961 of 21% A copy of the Annual Statement on request GUARANTY TRUST Company of Canada a re ee -- 6 3 =i w i ¢ cnmnracc =5 (Ee - OSHAWA OFFICE: 32 KING STREET, B. OFFICES AND AGENCIES THROUGHOUT CANADA