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16 THE OSHAWA TIMES, Seturdey, Mey 29, 1963 IN SANTA DOMINGO US. Joined The Fight One Month Ago Today By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER and ROBERT BERRELLEZ SANTO DOMINGO (AP)--If U.S. marines had not landed here Communist police might now be patrolling the streets of this Dominican Republic capita! and Communist rulers might be sitting in the National Palace Or perhaps not. But the United States did in- tervene in this battered capital a month ago today and there are still about 20,000 U.S. troops on hand, They and more than 1,900) Latin American troops, forming} an unprecedented inter-Amer-| ican force, hold a buffer zone} separating rival junta and rebel factions while diplomats and) politicians seek a way to settle) the interrupted revolution) peacefully The U.S this week trimming its forces by with- drawing the first marines to land. Their places were taken| by Latin American contingents from Honduras, Nicaragua,| Costa Rica and Brazil. A Brazil-| ian contingent of about 1,200 men is still arriving From President Johnson on down, U.S. officials are still convinced that in the first days of revolutionary violence that broke over Santo Domingo April| 24, there was considerably more than a 50-per-cent chance that Communist leaders would seize power POINT CONTROVERSIAL But still the question of what would have happened if the United States had not sent) troops in highly controversial No one has accused the rebel leader, Co]. Francisco Caamano Deno, of being a Communist. | President Johnson's charge in a speech May 2 was that "'Com- munist conspirators' had got contro] of politicians. Historians will debate the issue for years That many more people would have been killed without U.S intervention is, however, much less debatable. For following began Sources in a position to know claim that members of the That afternoon claims were Marxist-Castroite hierarchy in made on the rebel radio andj, pominican Republic were the tenor of the oratory used,| dusliy § Ssinal eenteol at plus the identity of some of the|#¢tually In political contro! a civilians known as Marxist andjthe National Palace at this Castro sympathizers, frightened|time. True or not, the fact re- city to dismiss four officers.| Rivera was taken prisoner an important segment of the in-| mains that Molina Urena and| surgents, including the original) <ome other military participants military group, who tried to re-jin the rebellion decided to. give verse their coup. lup the fight a few days later. It was too late, The "consti-| 'There was a lot of shooting tutionalist"' movement was roll-lin the city Saturday night and ing. |Sunday, April 24 and 25. There Reid Cabral himself went on) were reports, too, of looting and the air to report that the ma-|of executions of the hated "'cas- jority of the armed forces re-|cos blancos," or white-helmeted mained with him. He gave thejriot police, in a downtown park rebels until 5 a.m. Sunday to/Gen. Jacinto Martinez Arana surrender the present army chief of staff But the troops that Reid Cab-jsaid eyewitnesses told him as ral said were. loyal to him did| many as 79 were shot by firing not move when the deadline/squads was passed. This failure is re-| The armed forces that had garded as the army's costliestistuck with Reid Cabral now error, the real turning-point Of|hacked a new military junta the Civil wat They did not swing into action Soon a raglag civilan armyiunti| noon Monday. A flight of led by regular officers took key Vampire jets and P-51 Mustangs defensive positions inside the |armed with rockets or machine- city and at the Duarte Bridge.| guns swooped down that day on The bridge is the vital highwayirehel defences around the _ ag the _ and the| Duarte Bridge. The heaviest San sidro air and trainingicasualties of the civil war are base centre where army and air : said to have resulted from this |moving force units were concentrated The National Palace had fallen to the rebels, who in stalled Jose Rafael! Molina Urena, a member of the Bosch congress provisional stitutional president DANCE Royal Canadian Legion Hall Music by THE MOTOR CITY. FIVE May 29th 9 PLM, $2.00 PER COUPLE SATURDAY NIGHT DANCE OLD TIME and MODERN Dance to RUDY VELTRI and his NEW TORNADOS Toronto's RED BARN Most Versatile Group as con from opposite direc- |tions, early on Monday, May 3, It was not until Tuesday that|c °™ pleted operation "'blue junta ground forces moved to-\Chip," a corridor through the ward the city from the San|City to ensure the flow of sup- Crostohal garrison. Public or-|Plies and evacuation of Amer- der had disintegrated, Santo|!cans and foreign nationals Domingo was a jungle of vio- This operation stabilized the lence, jmilitary situation roughly along In Washington President|the present lines. About one- Johnson prepared to send troops| third of the 20 American com- to the Domican Republic for | Pat deaths to date occurred dur- protection of American lives|ing this period. and property and to ensure| There also had been dramatic against a Communist takeover|and significant changes along of the country |the political front. The first force of Americanj|CAAMANO SHOWS UP marines hit Dominican soiij A young rebel officer, Col. Wednesday, April 28, More|Francisco Caamano Deno, landed Thursday and on Friday|showed up with some aides at the first two battalions of U.Sithe U.S. embassy. They had 82nd Airborne Division para-|had enough bloodshed, he said, troopers arrived at San Isidro|and were ready to settle for a 'air base provisional junta - type govern-; air attack. lends of Duarte Bridge. Marines|tions, He asked that Molina lin the western suburbs were in|Urena be brought from the Na- control around the Hotel Emba-jtional Palace to the embassy \jador and in the vicinity of the|for a conference. The two men U.S. Embassy |then met with Ambassador Wil- | Marines and paratroopers,|liam Tapley Bennett Jr | | RENT-A-CAR DAY -- WEEK -- MONTH $5.00 PER DAY - tic ts MILEAGE CHARGE | 725-6553 | RUTHERFORD'S CAR AND TRUCK RENTALS 725-6553 14 ALBERT ST. Oshawa THIS WEEK - AS USUAL Featuring: THE SPARTANS Canada's answer to the BEATLES 50¢ Members @ 75¢ Non-Members DRESS:--Shirt and Tie SAVE $ $ ON the Saturday on which the junta government of president Donald Reid Cabral was overthrown many army officers and troops defected from government) forces to join the uprising Arsenals were opened and arms flowed to the civilians in the rebel-controlied streets For days after that, bullets whizzed among the palm trees, machine-guns spewed death at) the intersections, and armed bands roamed the business and residential sections looking for enemies, Snipers abounded on the rooftops and behind win- dows. This all really began years ago. In 1916, with a major inter- nal upheaval threatening to spill into civil war, president Wood- row Wilson sent in marines to European Vacation Bargain: AN EXTRA WEEK OF ENJOYMENT FOR ONLY "pacify" the country HELPED TRUJILLO The marines stayed until 1924) and, some Dominicans claim, | contin US. influences) opened the doors of power to) Rafael Leonidas Trujillo, whose) dictatorship began in 1930 and/ ran until 1961, when he was as-/ sassinated, | In 1963, Juan Bosch became) the country's first freely elected| president since 1924. He 'in herited an unbalanced political! and economic situation Bosch tried to build ~-- by| methods many say were over-| hasty or politically inept -- a) democratic structure of govern-| ment. He was overthrown when! the traditional ruling classes) and the military felt themselves) threatened by a new constitu-| tion. The succeeding junta of president Donald Reid Cabral! ran afoul of severe economi problems, got caught in the same military-civilian quarrels that had trapped Bosch, and fell also in late Apri UNAWARE OF PLOT The curtain began to go up on the current scene early on the morning of April 24. Reid Cabral was not aware of the plot. He sent Gen. Marcos Viv- era Cuesta, then army chief of staff, to a military base in the} OSHAWA DRIVE-IN THEATRE NOW PLAYING TONIGHT THRU TUES. | $11.80 MORE! Pian to sail to or from Europe (both ways, if you have the time) -- and you'll enjoy a week's va cation for only $11.80 extra. Summer season jet economy air fare from Montreal to Holland is $282.20. In an outside double cabin on Main Deck aboard the fully air-conditioned s,s. Ryndam, it costs $294.00---~ only $11.80 more. (Many ac commodations on the Ryndam cost even less than air fare.) And how much more you really get. 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American ambassador blamed them for the situation and said gime May 1, since he could not mediate dif-|on ferences with the loyal military./three - such, Caamano said, that heldor Ricardo C. Colombo. was left no alternative but to Republic during Bosch's re- OAS Secretary-Gen- jthey would have to surrender/era| Jose A. Mora arrived and the following day came a man OAS truce team The ambassador's attitude was\headed by Argentine Ambassa- A special White House force constitutional heir of the Boschistrongly denied by U.S. spokes Ss ue -- Was almen, that American forces were ve-man cCivilian-military junta o ' headed by Gen. Antonio Imbert|"etping ihe pause aia Barrera, one of the men who . killed Trujillo, telephone forts to begin to normalize the| Paratroopers secured both|ment to be followed by elec-) continue the fight led by presidential assistant The American version is that McGeorge Bundy flew in May Bennett received the rebels)1g In that same week, Jose An- courteously and advised @ se€t-ltonio Mayobre of Venezuela, a tlement be made between Dom-|-ocial representative of the inicans. It was at this time that|tjnited Nations, made his ap- Molina Urena went into polit-| joarance ; ical asylum 9 ' fic o * The fighting continued lavamenta" had bead. created dnl MEDIATOR ARRIVES 'Santo Domingo. One headed by| The first special mediator ar-/Caamano claimed to be the} rived on the scene Friday,) - a _ April 30--John Bartlow Martin, ambassador to the Dominican By this time two rival "gov- DANCE SATURDAY NIGHT Little Caesar and His Consuls GREENHURST PAVILION Thurstonia Park Dunstord, Ont. 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