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. 3 Tr a coe an a i ac ae cee ale lt ee aaa aa pC ESRB RSS Ge Ge Ganson 4B * la dee aed MORAL ISSUE INVOLVED | Kir Detence Deterrent Key Question All Matter "Thers SEEMS To BE A LONG DBLAY AHEAD BEFORE COMMONS' DEBATES ARE PLT } She Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L, Wilson, Publisher SATURDAY, JULY 10, 1965 -- PAGE 4 Representatives Attain Respect of Colleagues Today when we're apt to look askance at those involved in politics generally we should perhaps take time out to note the esteem two par- liamentarians -- both from the Oshawa environs -- are held by their fellows. The Motor City's Michael Starr and the man from Port Perry, Dr. M. B. Dymond, achieved promin- ence and considerable prestige dur- ing the last sessions of their respec- tive houses. In Ottawa Mr. Starr was ap- pointed house leader for his party and since taking the position has been receiving offers of support for his candidacy whenever his party decides to choose a new national leader. This week, from out of the West, came indications that he would receive a large percentage of the support of members from the three prairie provinces at a leader- ship convention. Appreciation was expressed for the manner in which Mr. Starr as house leader had work- ed successfully on a number of occa- Planners Or Municipal leaders meeting in con- vention in Kitchener last week took time out from detailed deliberations of pressing current problems to do a bit of soul searching. A pertinent point made was that they were elected to be planners, not pollsters. The "sounding board" theory of local government was soundly scored by Mayor L. FE. Cooke of Barrie, speaking on the responsi- bilities of civic leadership. He con- tended one of the greatest weak- nesses in leadership lies in "the nose-counting method of govern- ment". "This is the method used by a mayor or a member of council whe believes his role is that of a sound- ing board, echoing all the voices he hears in the background, and his duty is simply to gather the accu- mulation of opinions and according to the multiplicity of voices or the loudness of the sound, he so gov- erns his activities in council. As the Barrie Mayor said, if this She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher R. C. ROOKE, General Manager C, J. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawa Times comeing The Oshawa Times (established 1871) ond the itby Gazette ond Chronicle established 1863) is published daily Sundays end Statutory yao) excepted). M of ily y per Publish ere Association. The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau ef Circulation on the Ontario Provincial Dailies Conadion Press is exctusively entitied to the use of republication of all news in the paper credited to it or to The Associated Press or Reuters, and also the local news published therein. All rights of special des- patches ore also reserved. Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES livered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickeri Albert, , Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince le Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Bro iam, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, , and Newcastle not over 50c, per week. e meil in Province of Ontario outside carrier delivery area, $15.00 per year, Other provinces and 'ommonwealth Countries, $18.00 per year. USA. end foreign $27.00 per year. i ' OH THOSE OTHER RANKS! sions to smooth the course of the business of government, At Queen's Park, similar acco- lades have gone to Dr. Dymond. As health minister he had the tricky task of shepherding the controver- sial medical insurance act through the legislature. As The Times correspondent at the provincial parliament wrote, "the votes on Dr. Dymond's depart- ment affairs followed a long grilling on the medicare act. The normally -aggressive little minister took this with such patience he won the re- spect of the house. The opposition parties appeared to feel he had done so well they wtre going to give him a break on his estimates. They did ...and the bulk of the credit must go to him personally". It is likely to be some time before these men put their cases before the elctorate.. When they do, partisan preferences and party policies will certainly come into play. Mean- while, they have reputations as re- spected representatives attending to the business of government. Pollsters is all there is to leadership, a sim- pler and more efficient method would be to install an electronic brain in city hall..Ratepayers could ' then indicate their opinions. on a card to be processed by the mach- ine. "Democracy is the process by which leadership is selected. These men must then assemble the facts and. give the time and study the average citizen is not prepared to do". Mayor Cooke has put into words the opinions of thinking members of the electorate in any municipal- ity. Council members are elected to initiate civic programs: based on what in their opinion is sound pol- icy. They cannot permit their course to constantly vacillate to every pulse beat of voter protest. The important judgment of coun- cil's actions comes in the polling booth, not on coffee row. The ac- claim or dissatisfaction of their community for their efforts will be expressed by ballot. This is the way democracy is meant to operate. Other Editors' Views SCAPEGOAT (Vancouver Province) The Grits eblieve if they can give Mr. Diefenbaker a sufficiently bad name they will distract public atten- tion from their 'continual Ottawa fumbles and hamstring the man and party they consider their great- est threat. A scapegoat must be found and Mr. Diefenbaker is the victim selected. But it stretches public credulity too far to believe in the almost incredible list of fum- bles that have characterized the Pearson regime. rave sgn HUN TAT eG In Death Penalty Debate (There follows excerpts from a background publica- tion on capital punishment pre by the depart- ment of justice for mem- bers of parliament.) Some persons approach the issue of the death penalty from a straightforward moral view- point, the abolitionists among them believing that it is wicked and unwarranted for the State to take a human life in any circumstances and the reten- tionists believing that the crime of murder is so serious that death is the only punishment that is consonant with a sound moral sense in the: community. Neither of these groups. is like- ly to change camp upon their considerations of deterrent 'ef- fect; their conclusions are deep- ly and subjectively rooted in background, training, philosophy and religion, Most people, however, are willing to join issue upon the question of deterrent; if satis- fied that the death penalty has no significant deterrent effect over and above available al- ternatives, they would favor abolition; if convinced that it does have some significant de- terrent effect, they would favor retention. Before arriving at a final conclusion each group will also likely weigh, against any evidence pointing to deterrent effect, whatever they consider to be the danger of an innocent person being executed. THE RISK OF ERROR Different persons will give different weights to this last consideration. Someone will feel that, if there is any appreciable danger of irrevocable error, the death penalty should be aban- doned in spite of the fact that, On balance, it may safeguard innocent Jives. Other- will be prepared to accept the risk of occasional error if satisfied that the over-all saving is substan- tial. On the straight issue of whether innocent persons are sometimes executed, some will maintain that occasional error is in vitable, having regard to the imperfections of human institutions, and that it has oc- curred; others will argue that, having regard to the safeguards that surround present day trials and to the meticulous executive review that subsequently takes place, the risk of final error is minimal. On the important issue of deterrent effect the abolitionist argues that the burden is upon the retentionist to show posi- tively that the death penalty has a unique deterrent effect and entails no danger of false verdicts; otherwise the princi- Consequences Either Weighed Or Expected? Actually, the public is not tak- ing a more lenient approach, says the retentionist; on the contrary the public still favors the death penalty and to out- distance public opinion would be to encourage a less strict public morality. The harmful effect of removing the death penalty may therefore in part be a long term effect rather than something which will show up dramatically in tomorrow's statistics. oe The modern approach to crim- inology, says the abolitionist, is away from the ideas of ven- geance, retribution and punish- ment, in the direction of correc- tion, rehabilitation and. pre- vention; and the principle un- derlying the death penalty as- sumes a wider exercise of choice and free will than the behavioural sciences support. The retentionist replies that in- creasing emphasis on rehabili- tation rather than public protec- tion is being accompanied by a fast increasing crime rate and that, in regard to crimes of vio- lence for gain, the factor of free choice is not being exag- gerated against the murderer, POLICE SUPPORT The Police, who ought to know, are generally in favor of the death penalty, say the reten- tionists. This, reply the abol- itionists, is merely 'feeling' unsupported by fact. Even if MLL Fro imme ple of sanctity of human life prevails. If the death penalty does have such effect, he continues, it should be possible to demon- strate the fact statistically: to show that States which employ the death penalty have fewer murders than States which do not; that abolition of the death penalty is accompanied by a rise in the murder rate and restoration by a fall; that an abnormally high number of exe- cutions in a given period causes the rate to go down and an abnormally iow number causes it to go up; and none of these situations actually occur. The retentionist replies that the statistics prove nothing be- cause difficulties of definition and collection and intrusion of other variables make compari- sons worthless. It is likewise impossible, he says, to demon- Strate, statistically, the rela- tionship 'between the punish- ment for any other crime and the incidence of such crime. But common sense, he continues, dictates that consequences as well as likelinood of detection must affect the decisions of potential murderers and that no other consequence can have such restraining effect upon the criminally minded man as the possibility of losing his very life. The abolitionists reply that impulsive murderers do not weigh consequences at all and iberate murderer does not expect to be detected, But, retorts the retentionist, when the robber is on the point of deciding whether or not to put a loaded gun in his pocket, it is unrealistic to suppose that the possible consequences do not come to bear upon his decision. But there is no reason, says the abolitionist, to believe that the prospect of the death penal- ty bears any more heavily than life.imprisonment; the real de- terrents are certainly of detec- tion and promptness of punish- ment. If that were so, says the retentionist, it would suggest that life imprisonment is as cruel as the death penalty; in fact, however, imprisonment for the professional criminal is only a vocational hazard and there is no such thing as a true 'life sentence', having regard to parole practice. Furthermore, continues the re- tentionist, it is not just a ques- tion as ta whether the poten- tial murderer rationally consid- ers in advance the possible con- sequences of his hehavior; the question goes much deeper into the conditioning he has had to abhor murder and associate it with the death penalty. Of Action that were so, which is not ad- mitted, say the retentionists, the fact that the police feel this way, and the moral support they feel the death penalty gives them, are in themselves potent reasons for retaining it. Capital punishment should be retained, says the retentionist in the case at least of the mur- der of a policeman or prison guard by a prisoner' undergo guard by a prisoner undergo- ing a life sentence because he can be affected by no other deterrent. But, says the aboli- tionist, imprisoned murderers as a class are well conducted prisoners and have an excel- lent record on parole. Only, says the retentionist, because the worst have been executed, EMOTIONS EXCITED Capital punishment, says the abolitionist, discriminates among criminals on the basis of social, economic and minority position -- only the poor and friendless are ordinarily hang- ed; it perverts justice because juries are loath to sentence to death; it protracts post trial procedure for similar. reasons; it brutalizes all those who are associated with the éxecution; and the latter is subject to tragic bungling. But persons executed, says the retentionist, are a typical cr section of the prison population; these defects, where they exist, can be put m Ottawa Journal Captain's Command Can Be Confusing Members of the Canadian Forces are working more close- ly together than ever before. Hence a general knowledge of the workings of the other branches becomes of increas- ing importance. In this regard knowing relative ranks and insignia is elementary, but it is not exactly straightforward. For instance, a sailor may feel superior in the knowledge that "captain" can be a posi- tion (the commanding officer of a ship or naval establish- ment) or a rank three steps above the army rank of the same name and that the naval rank is on an even keel with the air force's group captain. He is familiar with such terms as captain of "'B" giin or the maintop and he will also know that a naval lieutenant is at the same level of rank as an army captain. What may bother him, how ever; is that while a major ig senior to any army lieuten- 4 -ant,, a lieutenant general is senior to a major general. This goes. back to the days when the king was: the °com- mander - in - chief of the army. The cavalry -- the elite corps of those days ~-- was composed of the mounted knights and lords, command. ed by a lofty personage, -per- haps a prince or duke, who was known as the lieutenant. (i.e. assistant) general, while the foot soldiers, commoners all,' wete commanded by a Sergeant-major general. Somewhere along the line the "sergeant" part of the title was dropped. And in modern times the Canadian Army has dropped the term. "sergeant- major" to describe a rank, al- though retaining it to indicate a position held by a WO?, Similarly a WO (warrant officer, first class) may be referred to in certain circum- stances as a 'regimental Sergeant + giajor," 'although the RSM has also disappeared ~ from the rank structure. It is to be noted that able seaman has no rank badge, although his opposite numbers in the other services, lance cor- poral and leading aircraftman, do Soldiers and airmen will have to get used to the fact that the chevrons on a_ sail- or's sleeve do not indicate rank but are, rather, good conduct badges. It is also worth remember- ing that there is no "s" in "aircraftman," the word de- riving from aircraft rather than craftsman, The Air Force, in general, follows the Army pattern for "other ranks" and the Navy pattern for officers. Even where names of equiva- lent ranks closely correspond, however, there may be. differ: ences. For instance, a com- mander in the Navy is .a "brass bat." with a row of oak leaves on the peak of his cap. In the Air Force, the oak leaves are for group captain and above. The "vices" and "rears" in the sea and air services are a bit bothersome. A rear-admiral is the equiva- lent of an air vice-marsnal, and a vice-admiral corresponds to an air marshal. Other terms of rank will be encountered from time to time. For instance, a bombardier is a corporal in the artillery, while sapper, gunner and crafts- man are other army terms for the rank of private. The ranks form just a small part of the military vocabu- lary. Members of the Cana- dian Forces will find thems selves embroiled for = time in a welter of unfamiliar terms which should eventually sim- mer down into a wider sym- pathy for and comprehension of the strange ways of the other services, ON "TELEVISION oR GOLDEN oor "TRADE STaTIS TICS gp i asinerT mY @ nr fect Su Oe ANYTHING or ANIS(ITOR BLUE AT THE "THOUGHT OF ue Cost OF IT ALE Sevan Sit REEN pone AFTER LISTENING TO A FOREIGN POLIey SPEECH "THAT SAID NOTHING WAITING FOR COLOR TELEVISION? Money At Root Of Trouble In Ont. Conservation Field (amv iii gts i) YEARS AG 25 YEARS AGO July 10, 1940 Work was bgun on a tempor- ary annex to the Oshawa Gen- eral Hospital whoch would ac- commodate 18 beds. Miss Margaret Hart played the part of "Britannia" while Fred Stevens and Lawrence Emmons represented the British Navy in a_ patriotic tablau presented for the Rotary. Dis- trict Assembly at Genosha Hotel. 40 YEARS AGO July 10, 1925 The Swanson rink skipped by Stan Young won the Hon. George Henry trophy at the Richmond Hill Lawn Bowling tournament. Mrs. Jack Netley of Oshawa won the Dominion championship for motorcycle sidecar racing at the International Racing As- sociation meet held at the To- ronto Exhibition track. ovevnuiiegtenaaeegi ee POINTED PARAGRAPHS To is is Our mixed-up language: say a person has vision complimentary; to say he visionary is derogatory. Opportunity to donate to something or somebody knocks more than once -- it knocks almost every day. An oldster says it takes so long to learn how to live that by .then you're too old to feel like doing it. straight administratively; and it is not a valid objection that the death penalty fails to reach all murderers. The dialogue, of course, does not always proceed so dispas- sionately. As the factual and logical arguments become ex- hausted and emotions become tionist may accuse his retention- ist opponent of being vengeful and sadistic, and the retention- ist may suggest in return that the abolitionist entertains too little concern for the victims of crime and too much senti- mental attachment to' the un- deserving murderer. TODAY IN By THE CANADIAN PRESS July 10, 1965 ... Lady Jane Grey, a 1f- year - old great - grand- daughter of Henry VII, was proclaimed queen of Eng- land 412 years ago today-- in 1553--by the terms of Ed- ward VI's will, which the boy - king had been per- suaded to alter on his death- bed. She had been herself coerced into this position by the intrigues of her father and Lord Northumberland, her father - in - law. Lady Jane's reign lasted nine days before Queen Mary, Edward's older sister, claimed the throne. Lady Jane pleaded ; ilty of treas- on and sentence was sus- pended, but her father took part in a rebellion and she was execi'.d Feb, 12, 1554. 1605--Czar Theodore II of Russia was murdered. 1943--1st Canadian Divis- ion took part in the invasion of Sicily. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915 -- 2,000 Canadian sold- iers arrived at Plymouth, England; French authorities claimed victory in the sec- ond battle of Artois, gaining 18 square miles of territory for a loss of 400,000 men in 120. days. By GWYN KINSEY Special to The. Times (Third of Four Articles) TORONTO -- The members of the select committee of the legislature recently appointed to investigate conservation au- thorities undoubtedly know be- fore they start their work what the underlying problem is. Their job will be to suggest solutions. It's been obvious for years that the root of the authorities' troubles has been the root of most troubles -- money. The authorities depend for their existence largely on the co-operation and goodwill of the municipalities involved. The province, and in some cases the federal government, pay varying amounts of the costs of projects, but there is still a substantial burden on the muni- cipalities, whose budgets are always under strain, Thus the authorities try to cut costs, particularly when they buy land. The province pays only half the cost of expropri- ated land. And this is precisely the area where the larger au- thorities in heavily populated areas have run into their worst troubles. ARBITRARY ACT There is no doubt that some authorities have operated in a most arbitrary manner. But they have been encouraged to do so by a most arbitrary piece of legislation -- Ontario's Ex- propriation Procedures Act. There has already been one select committee inquiry into expropriation procedures, 'but it did not result in any substantial amendment of the act. The gov- ernment has been slow to amend it, apparently, because some people persist in thinking that they can make big profits out of forced sales, They're wrong, but they keep trying. Under its terms of reference, the select committee on con- servation authorities will have to dig into both the financial structure of the authorities and the powers given the authori- ties by the expropriation act. LAND TROUBLE Many conservation authorities seem to be able to operate in harmony with the municipali- HISTORY Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day -- in 1940 -- Romania withdrew from the League of Nations and interned 50 British oil tankers; the Vichy government approved an 'authoritarian regime" for France; the RAF claimed 14 German aircraft shot down for two RAP fighters lost after the heav- jest day yet of air combat, July 11, 1965... First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915--a British monitor sank the German cruiser Konigs- berg in the Rufiji River, German East Africa; Allied commanders thanked the Russians, now retreating be- fore General von Macken- sen's second attack, for their aid in drawing German troops off the Western front, Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day -- in 1940 -- the RAF claimed 23 German aircraft shot down for four British aircraft lost; Italy admitted heavy losses in sea and air combat in the Mediterra- -nean theatre; British pro- posals for'the joint defence of the two parts of Ireland were rejected, ties and landowners. Where there has been trouble, it has centred around land acquisi- tion, with the authorities ac- cused of: Niggardly payments for land; freezing properties for years; holding down land values; un- fairness in compensation; caus- ing confusion and hardship to landowners by failure to con- firm plans or by changing plans. There is much evidence to support the charges, at least in the cases of the Upper Thames and Metro and. Region authorities. Farmers in. the vicinity of the proposed Pittock Dam on a branch of the Thames at Wood- stock, made an angry presenta- tion to last fall's convention of the Ontario Federation of Agri- culture, -The Federation tunani- mously endorsed an Oxford county resolution urging speci- fic curbs on the powers of con- servation authorities, and it will undoubtedly present a brief to the select committee. NINE POINTS The Federation can be ex- pected to urge that: Each conservation authority be required to prove the need for each parcel of land in a properly conducted trial of pub- lic necessity and convenience; An Authority placing a regis- tered plan on a property be re- quired to pay the landowner for this option at the time the plan is placed; Property owners be given at least a full year's notice of their properties being required by an authority; All lands to be expropriated be appraised by properly quali- fied appraisers; Landowners be compensated for value plus 25 per cent. for forceful taking; No property owner be asked to surrender his land until paid at least 85 per cent of the ap- praised value; Provision be made for prop- erty owners to have a practical opportunity to appeal at nominal cost; The authority with power to expropriate be required to as- Sume responsibility and costs for the searching of titles. No member of the Legisla- tive Assembly be permitted to hold an elective position or an appointment, at the same time, in a conservation authority, All these recommendations spring from practical experi- ence of landowners with con- servation authorities, particu- larly the Upper Thames and Metro and Region authorities, BIBLE But Daniel purposed in his' heart that he would not defile himself . therfore he re- quested of the prince of the eunuchs that he might not defile himself.--Daniel 1:8. As we. purpose to serve God with all our hearts, He will give us the grace to declare our- selves on His side and make a way for us. Electronics By DAVE McINTOSH OTTAWA (CP)--War, at least as practised by the RCAF, is electronic and the weapons are computers. Even as late as 1953, the last year of the Korean War, the RCAF was engaged in plane« against-plane, pilot-against - pi- let warfare in which the dog- fights were controlled by squad- ron or flight leaders themselves in the midst of the battle. But now all phases of North American air defence warfare are controlled from the ground by senior officers aided by staff of experts and banks of gadgetry. : During a typical air defence exercise today, the pilot is guided to his target not by his eye and the seat of his pants but by ground-based teams us- - ing radar and other information supplied by high-speed compu- ters. The fighter-interceptor is it- sclf a computer. A small radar set in the CF-101 Voodoo jet projects a moving electronic beam which sweeps the sky ahead, reflecting from any air- craft within range and sending back electronic impulses which appear as "images" on the pi- lot's radar scope. Once a target shows on the scope, the pilot "locks" his sweep beam onto it. That's about all he has to do apart from following the electronic or- ders he gets. HARDER TO FIND The locked-on beam feeds in- formation into a small compu- ter aboard the plane showing distance and direction to the target. The computer automatically calculates the time to fire the Genie nuclear rocket. The pilot holds down the trigger during a certain length of time and the computer, at the proper instant, launches the missiles. Some airmen claim this sys- tem is harder on the pilot than the old dogfight. One of them describes it this way: "Tmagine hunting with a tele- scopic sight as compared with the standard, open V sight. The telescopic sight lets you zero in on the target, but the target is harder to find and stay onto be- cause your field of vision is lim- ited.' Many fliers say "computer aircraft' such as the Voodoo and the CF-104 nuclear jet bomber have taken all the fun out of flying. "But somebody has to do the job," one said. So computerized has the sys- tem become that the RCAF has a squadron called the "elec- trnoic warfare unit." TRAINED TO CONFUSE It takes the part of the en: emy and tries to confuse radar operators with various kinds of jamming. This in turn teaches the operators how to pick the real target out of a confusing mass of false trails. The unit flies old CF-100 jets and spends most of its time training radar operators for the three Voodoo squadrons and the ground radar warning and 'in- terception system. Three: basic counter-measures are used by the electronic war- fare unit. The first is mechanical jam- ming--the release of thousands of aluminum strips called chaff (the old wartime code name was window.) The chaff shows up on ground radars as a huge cloud of confetti which hides the attacking plane, The second is electronic jam- ming--tuning into the radar fre- quency of the interceptor or ground installation and sending out noise interference. And then there is deception jamming--an electronic projec tion of a false radar image te draw interceptors away from hte real target. The electronic warfare unit is at St. Hubert, Que., and has 3 detachment at Comox, B.C, Rivard Probe Is Proposed RED DEER, Alta. (CP) -- Robert Thompson, national So- cial Credit party leader, said Thursday that Canada's new justice minister should initiate a complete investigation into all aspects of the Lucien Rivard affair and into charges of brib- ery and corruption in places. Mr. Thompson said in an in- terview that all aspects of the Rivard affair were not investi- gated by the Dorion investiga- tion. The question of where the $20,000 for the bribe offered Montreal lawyer Pierre Lamon- tagne would have come from was not answered, Mr, Thomp- son said. Oshawa Winnipeg Montreal Windsor Edmonton Gordon W. Riehl, C.A., R.LA, Oshawa Whitby DELOITTE, PLENDER, HASKINS * SELLS with whom are now merged MONTEITH, RIEHL, WATERS & CO. Chartered Accountants Prince George Oshawa Shopping Centre Brock Building Hamilton Calgary Vancouver Burt R. Waters, €.A, 728-7327 668-4131 Toronto Regina