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Fo apdn dems gene ipbangislgh on bompe ns Bnet -- te pos gs pig hn peony th pin gn gia pig ok ian (prank oak geen nn "s ps % ' y 7 . " ome row ' en ea roy erik | ge QUEEN'S PARK, NDP Leader OTTAWA REPORT Liberal Stalwart _ Recruited Giant The Oshawa Fimes T. L. Wilson, Publisher THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1965 -- PAGE 4 Peéodoms Claimed Today Defended At Terrible Cost This is a day more cherished per- haps by the "old sweats" of the Great War of 1914-1918 than by the veterans of the Second World War and succeeding struggles. The hell- Ash horror of their war was an ex- perience shared more closely in the slime, cold and unbelievable hard- ship of the trenches. They were more comrades in arms fighting "the war to end all wars." For those of the generation fol- lowing them, the conflict was no less terrible but the horror was world- wide in scope. It was tackled as a deadly business in which failure could only mean "no tomorrow" for the world as it was known. From the Armistice of the elev- enth hour, of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of 1918 stem- med the solemnity of Remembrance Day as we know it today. It wasa time to remember comrades fallen in battle and to rededicate to serve so their sacrifice would not be in vain. Over the years, in many commun- New Grade In a recent announcement, the Minister of Education, William G. Davis, said that a Grade 13 stu- dent's term work will play a greater part in determining his fina] depart- mental standing in 1966 than in 1965. This statement is another in- dication of a welcome trend towards doing away with the present system of departmental examinations for secondary schoo] graduation. The terrible finality of depart- mental examinations has served through the years to frighten stu- dents and to leave their teachers' nerves in knots. Beginning with last year's examinations, 25 _per She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher ® C. ROOKE, General Maneger C. J. MeCONECHY Editor Times comb! The Oshawe Times 187 the itby Gazette ond i is published daily ished 1) ond eae "ctctlished 1863) d ond y hol! of Canad Daily f Publish» em Association. The Canodion Press, Audit Bureou Cireulation ond the Onterio Provincial Dailies Association. The Conadian Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of all 'news despatched in the peper credited to it er to The Associcted Press or Reuters, ond also the tocol news published therein, All rights of special dee petches cre also reserved. & Gffices:_ Thomson Building, 425 University Avenus, Toronto, Ontario; 10 Cathcart Street, Montreal. P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawo, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, le Grove, Hompton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpee!, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunberton, Enniskillen, , Leskerd, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, inchester, Pontypool, and Newcastle not over , per week, By mail in Province of Ontario outside corrier delivery area, $15.00 per yeor. provinces and Commanwealth Countries, $15.00 per year, USA, and foreign $27.00 per yest. Dial m ities, the solemnity of the Novem- ber 11th has been condensed to a mo- ment's pause in silence at 11 o'clock, The message should not be lost for the generation fortunate enough to have grown up in the years since -1945. We can remember at any time: This day provides the focus for all in the nation to remember. And it is important to remember that friends and family have died to protect and assure the continu- ance of so many of the things we take for granted in our society to- day. The freedoms we so smuggly claim have been defended at terrible cost, So in this fast-paced life we lead today, members of the Canadian Legion and other veterans' organi- zations who take the time to observe and draw our attention to Remem- brance Day render real service. To whatever generation we be- long, it is well that we are reminded of the sacrifices Canadians have -made for our country and way of life. 13 System cent of a student's mark was based on the assessment of his own teach- ers. This year, the percentage has been increased to 35, It is highly likely that this percentage will be increased again in the next few years eventually making the de- partmentals superfluous, It will be replaced by a system of college en- trance examinations. These exams are used in the United States as a method of choosing admissions to the universities and the inaugura- tion, by Canadian colleges, of a sys- tem of accepting able students into their trimester program even before the student has completed Grade 13 shows the acceptance of the en- trance exam in this country. The bad thing about Grade 13 ex- aminations, particularly as they were before the introduction of the teacher's rating, but as they still are to a lesser degree, is that an an- onymous examiner marks the paper of an anonymous student. After five years slugging through high school, a student stands before the depart- mental cannon and ventures his whole school career on a two-hour session in each subject. Under the pressure, even the best student can freeze up and find his brain turned off. As The Guelph Mercury says, a student in these circumstances can fail, not because of himself, but sim- ply because of the system, It is good to see the system changing. By PATRICK NICHOLSON OTTAWA--What happens to the backroom boys of political campaigns after the last vote has been counted? One of the greatest for. the Liberal party was Senator Nor- man Lambert, who died here last week in his Sist year. Norman Lambert, newly graduated from the University of Toronto, started his working life as a journalist. He served as Winnipeg. correspondent for the old Toronto Globe; later he was transferred to the press gal- lery on Parliament Hill, where he developed a deep personal in- terest in the politics of the Lib- eral party. After the First World War, his life took a strange turn as he fell in with a remarkable immigrant from Scotland, Jim Stewart was the son of a Black- smith in Lochaber, and had served as a policeman in Edin- burgh before emigrating to Can- ada. Here his career was sen- sational; he started as a police- man in Brandon, Man., and in due course was appointed chair- man of the Canadian Wheat Board. Then Lambert joined him, and as partners they op- erated the Maple Leaf Milling Co. That venture ended in dis- aster, and the company was later. reorganized with Lam- bert's active participation, LIBERAL PARTY HEAD He then centred his activities on the Liberal party, and he helped its leader, W. L. Mac- kenzie King, to rebuild the party and redraft its policies after its defeat in the 1930 election, In 1935, Lambert was elected pres- ident of the National Lib- eral Federation, and he served as campaign. manager in the election of that year, which the Liberals won, As campaign manager, Lambert became the successful fisherman for his party. He set off to Port Ar- thur, the new home of an im- pecunious university lecturer in engineering, who had used his skill to design a better eleva- tor and then made a lot of money by building such eleva- tors all over the Prairies, Clar- ence Decatur Howe had not taken much interest in Cana- dian politics, and was believed to lean, if anywhere, towards the Conservatives. But Norman Lambert ts!ked him into stand- ing as a Liberal candidate; he was elected; and as Mackenzie King triumphantly swept back into power, he appointed the rookie from Port Arthur as his minister of railways, canals and shipping. 'Thus, an American citizen en- tered the cabinet in which he would labor for the next 22 years, eventually becoming its dominant personality although never its leader. That great catch by Norman Lambert far excelled such later hauls as Ross Thatcher, Bona Arsenault, Jean Marchand, Pierre-Elliott Trudeau who have been re- cruited from other loves. LABORS REWARDED Three years later, Lambert was appointed to the Senate. Then came the 1940 election, and he again successfully man- aged the campaign for Macken- zie King, who promised to make him government leader in the Senate in his moment of grati- tude, But King, who could neither forgive nor forget, re- sented a disagreement on prin- ciple later expressed by Lam- bert, so that reward never came. Nevertheless, Senator Lam- bert Long continued as one of the most powerful, popular and knowledgeable politicians on Parliament Hill, and in the Up- per Chamber he excelled espe- cially in committee work. As new leaders took over the Lib- eral party, and new faces filled its machine, time after time they drew on his great. experi- ence and wisdom, seeking his advice especially in election campaigns. Recent!y, However, the young- sters of the new wave felt hap- pier without the advice of the tall patient Senator. One of the last thoughts he expressed in some gloom to me before his death was to criticise the call- ing of '"'the unnecessary elec- tion." 'Pearson either will not get a majority, or he will be domi- nated by Quebec MPs. While either could destroy Pearson, the latter' could destroy the party." Brazil Leader Streamlines Bureaucracy, Alters Judiciary RIO DE JANEIRO (AP)-- President Humberto Castello Branco and his advisers have set out to remake Brazil with drastic methods and the Brazi- lian people appear willing to let them try. Tired after four years of poli- tical turmoil and disgusted with endless political squabbling, they accepted without riots, pro- tests or much more than a shrug a decree giving the president virtually unlimited power over every facet of national life. The government's plans in- clude a two- or three-party sys- tem, a streamlined bureaucracy and remodelled fiscal and judi- cial systems, The government also has set new ground rules for congres- sional action on its top-priority legislation. The first proposals to be acted upon under the new rules probably will be key ele- ments of an economic program, They include a hard - hitting overhaul of the tax structure, measures to halt continuing in- flation-and-a-plan-to-modernize the ailing sugar industry. The decree was the promulga- tion of what is called an Insti- tutional Act--in effect a consti- tutional amendment. Effective until March, 1967, it authorizes the president "to suspend the political rights of. any citizens for 10 years." But Brazilians don't seem to feel threatened. They view the act as specifically directed at a handful of politicians. The act was born out of con- gressional resistance to Castello Branco's internal security pro- gram, plus military pressure for a crackdown on followers of for- mer presidents Juscelino Kutit- schek and Joano Goulart. It gives the government power to deal with both: sides. The act allows the president to decree a state of siege for 180 days,*tlose congress, rule by decree,- and oust federal, state and municipal legislators. All government actions under the act are exempt from judi- cial review. It also gives mili- tary courts jurisdiction over 'crimes against national secur: ity." MNT ASTONISHING TRANSFORMATION... gina ..» WISE, FRIENDLY' MOTIVES Kenyatta Becomes Great Black Father By JOSEPH MacSWEEN NAIROBI (CP) -- Once dreaded Jomo (Burning Spear) Kenyatta now is regarded as a great black father by almost everybody in Kenya. The change in attitudes to- ward President Kenyatta is de- scribed by observers here as one of the most astonishing transformations in Africa's re- cent years of rushing change "T certainly never expected to hear white settlers refer to Kenyatta as 'the old man' in an almost affectionate way but it's happening." said a newspaper man with vivid memories of the Mau Mau savagery of the 1950s. "T'm a farmer like your- selves," Kenyatta told a cheer- ing group of whites at Nakuro, and then they joined him in his rallying cry '"harambee," which means "pull together." The burly, bearded leader spoke of "mutual forgiveness for past grrongs" and assured the farmers: '"'We want you to etay and farm well in this coun- try." At a time when some other African leaders are turning more and more to Moscow and Peking, such phrases as "sav- for of Africa' are applied to Kenyatta. A British governor once de- scribed him as a "leader to darkness and death," but the present high commissioner, Malcolm MacDonald gives a vastly different assessment "A very great man by any standards, terrific sense of hu- mor, unassuming, with @ sense of destiny but also a sense of humility,' said MacDonald. mat, asked to explain the about- at face in official opinion of Ken- Kenyatta's green - tiled 5ungalow. Three white - walled, "He's a very great man, anda very good. man, which is some- thing important. His motives are wise and friendly." This is the same man who spent nine years in prison and detention before leading his country to independence in De- cember, 1943. Today, a nine- foot bronze statue of Kenyatta stands outside the Kenya parlia- ment buildings Nairobi's Delamere Avenue, named for an aristocratic colon- izing family, has become Ken- yatta Avenue and Coronation Street now is known as Haram- bee. However, Kenyatta has es- caped charges of cultivating a cult of personality such as are sometimes aimed, for instance, at Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah. I heard praise for Kenyatta from persons ranging from bus- inessmen to white hunters "We're all very impressed and have come to regard him as a man of many good parts," said G. §, Martin, head of an export-import firm "We've developed a very high respect for him," said Chris Lyon, a professional hunter who was a policeman in the Mau Mau troubles. "Msee,"' meaning wise old chap, is the title Kenyatta now gets rather than the "burning spear" of revolutionary days, although one source cautioned that "he was ruthless then and would be ruthless again if nec- essary." An experienced British diplo- yatta, said: 'I think it is sim- ply that he was grossly mis- judged by government officers in the past." Kenya's comparatively pro- Western policies have come as a pleasant surprise to many. Europeans, particularly when it is recalled that Kenyatta spent some time in Moscow and was generally regarded as one of the most radical of African na- tionalists. "The East has as many de- signs on us. as the West,"' Ken- yatta once remarked in his rich, resonant voice. ted in 1962 and 1963, but there were some 7,000 new arrivals in the same period Kenyatta was making no idle conversation when he said he said he was a farmer. He owns a "shamba" at Gatundu, 30 miles from Nairobi, He rises be- fore dawn many mornings to work on it and attributes to this exercise his physical fitness. "Our greatest asset in Kenya is our land," he said in a tele- vision broadcast. 'In land lies our salvation and survival, We must return to the land we love." Kenyatta's age, as with many Africans of his era, is a matter of speculation. It sometimes is reported to be as low as 69 but is generally believed to be 73 or 74. Thrice-married, once to an Englishwoman, he enjoys a thriving family life Mohoho, a son born last year, lives with two-year-old Nyokabi ~ school-age children live at his other house in Nairobi, two sons study at universities in Britain and the eldest, his politician- daughter Margaret, is a_ city councillor here. Kenyatta has developed his political philosophy from sev- eral countries -- he spent 15 years in Britain--but an associ- ate stressed he is '"'very much an African in his attitudes, al- though no doubt influenced by his travels."' CALL US BWANA "Our. time has come to be called bwana,"' Kenyatta told an African meeting after independ- ence. "I want Europeans, Asians and Arabs to learn to call Africans bwana, Those who agree to do so are free to stay here." Bwana, a Swahili word, for- merly meant master but now is more generally taken to mean sir or mister When the Kikyuy cult, Mau Mau, spread terror under the command of blood-thirsty "gen- erals," Kenyatta was. convicted of managing the secret society although he proclaimed his in- nocence. To this day the ques- tion is debated As officials discuss "'haram- bee,"' it begins to sound more and more like an African ver- sion of the late President John F. Kennedy's words: "Ask not what your country can do for you, but what vou can do for your country." "BETWEEN THE CROSSES ROW ON ROW" CANADA'S STORY War And Nationh ood By BOB BOWMAN Although there have been a number of important events in Canada on November 11 over the years, the spotlight must always fall on 1918 when an Armistice ended the First World War. The 1st Canadian Division had officially Janded in France on February 15, 1915, although the "Princess Pats" had been in the front line since January 6. From then until the Armistice there were 218,400 Canadian casualties of whom 50,000 were killed in action or died of wounds. Another 156,000 were wounded. During the First World War more than 595,000 Canadians in the armed forces, and 422,000 of them served overseas, Only 18 per cent of the Canadian Expeditionary Force were draft- ed into service. Canadian troops played lead- ing parts in some of the most gta tents A important actions of the war, including withstanding the first gas attack at Ypres. Among the famous battles in which they took part were Vimy Ridge, Passchendale, and Cambrai which ended the war. Canadian airmen too made astonishing records in this new form of war. Nearly 10,000 of them got into the Royal Flying Corps. Billy Bishop destroyed 72 enemy planes, Ray Colli- shaw 60, while Billy Barker was awarded the Victoria Cross, DSO and Bar, and the Military Cross with. two bars for his many successful actions. An- other Canadian pilot, Roy Brown, shot down the most famous of all the German fly- ers, Baron von Richthofen. Most significant of all, Can- ada emerged from the First World War as an independent nation. Britain had declared war for Canada but Canada in- sisted on signing the peace iNET the When League of Nations was formed, Canada with other members of the British Commonwealth, was given individual representation. treaty separately. OTHER EVENTS ON NOV, 11: 1663--Michaelmas Day; tenants paid rent to seigneurs 1775--Governor Carleton began escape from Americans down St. Lawrence 1791--Lieutenant Governor Sim- coe arrived in Quebec 1813--Battle of Crysler's Farm won by Canadians 1823--Marriages by Methodist ministers declared legal, but rejected in Lower Canada 1871--Last British troops Quebec 1872--Railway completed be- tween Halifax and Saint John 1916--Duke of Devonshire made Governor General; Sam Hughes resigned as Min- ister of Militia left (vunvamienenngeseeennn neers amt TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Noy. 11, 1965... United States Air Force Captains Orvil Anderson and Albert Stevens rode a bal- loon to a record-breaking al- titude of 72,377 feet--more than 13 miles---30 years ago today--in 1935. The balloon, launched from Rapid City, S.D., carried a heavy load of-scientific equipment which recorded cosmic-ray data and took photographs, The flight, sponsored by the U.S. Army and the National Geo- graphic Society, broke the previous record of 61,221 feet set two years earlier by two other American officers, The 1935 record remained un- broken for more than 20 years. 1918--Independence of Po- land was proclaimed, 1920--An unknown soldier was buried in Westminster Abbey and the Cenotaph was unveiled in Whitehall, Lon- don. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915--Winston Churchill re- signed as first lord of the admiralty and joined the British army in France; Russian forces occupied Kemmern and Anting west of Riga. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to day--in 1940--Fleet Air Arm aircraft attacked Taranto naval. base, seriously dam- aging two Italian battle- ships, three cruisers' and two auxiliary vessels; Gen, de Gaulle's Free French forces captured Libreville, the chief port of Gabon in French Equatorial Africa, BIBLE The day following, Jesus would go forth into Galilee, and findeth Philip, and saith unto him, "Follow me."" -- John 1:48, As Jesus called men. and women in His own day to fol- low Him, so today He is still calling men and women to fol- low Him. What is your answer to His call oy pti SO All Work Would Be Play In Utopia Seen For Soviet By JOHN BEST MOSCOW (CP) -- There will be no more clock - watching once communism is fully estab- lished because the distinction between work and play will have been abolished, says a So- viet social science researcher, The utopian notion is put for- ward by G. Volkov in a theoreti- vat article in the newspaper Literaturnaya Gazeta -- Liter- rary Gazette--dealing with the question of leisure activities for Soviet workers. Volkov suggests that in a Communist society people will work more, 'without looking at their watches, without thinking of remuneration, and to them idleness will be the worst pun- ishment,"" Volkov says he visualizes the society of the future as "a world where scientific research, exploratory and creative work will be the main form of ac- tivity." "I think that in the course of our' advance to communism, with the further reduction of the working day, regular work will lose any radical distinction from free creative activity and wil] finally merge with it. Then there will be no need to draw the line between working time and free time." Even now there is a funda- mental difference between the attitude of Soviet workers to free time and that of capitalist workers, he says. Soviet workers, he suggests, are likely to "go to evening schools, pore over books, over the drawings of new inventions or mathematical calculations." "Clearly, this too is work in its own way, as are the activi- ties in which radio fans,. ama- teur inventors, gardeners, painters, musicians and wood- carvers indulge during their leisure. It is a noble form of human effort, and is perhaps most expressive. of the crea- tive urge in us." In capitalist society, on the other hand, an_ unbridgeable guif exists between "spiritual freedom' and "physical slav- ery," he says. Leisure was held out as a_ salvation to the worker, '"'the little paradise permitting the worker to escape from work." The Western worker's "est- rangement" from the creative process is in line with "the senseless and empty nature of the leisure offered him. Idle- ness, inactive recreation and inane amusements are sup- posed to make up for the wear- ing tension of work." The distinction is a little hard for the outside observer to grasp. As far as I, a foreigner living here, can see, Russian workers spend their leisure do- ing, broadly speaking, the same kind of things their Western counterparts do i They go to soccer games or to the movies, take a drive into the country if they have a car-- not many do--or simply stay home and watch TV. Probably a higher proportion spend their free time strolling along city sidewalks or in parks--because of the crowded conditions in most homes. Some frequent libraries, or spend their free time in the ideology - charged atmosphere of so-called "palaces of rest and culture."" From casual ob- servations I'd have to say these number no more than go in for Similar activities in. Western countries--relatively few, Club, Too Hasty _ To Crusade By DON O'HEARN TORONTO--Donald MacDon- ald keeps drumming away at FAME. " With every second or third speech, it seems, the Ontario NDP leader returns to the meat co-operative, criticizes the gov- ernment for not helping it and calls on it to rescue it now, ~ And with this we have pot, sibly the best illustration to date of Mr, MacDonald's gest weakness as a leader: haste to crusade and neglect see the many sides of most questions, . In his arguments on FAME, Mr. MacDonald persists on go- ing to the case of British Mort- gage and Trust Corp. He charges the government went to the rescue of British Mortgage but refused to do the same thing with FAME. , In other words, he says that it will fall over backwards for big business and its friends, but won't do anything for the thousands of little farmers who backed FAME, And though it is plain t6 everybody else, he simply can't, or won't, see that the situations simply aren't parallel. . SAVED THOUSANDS exe The government underwrote British Mortgage because of one reason--there were millions of dollars on deposit with the company, put there by. thou- sands of people as savings. If the government hadn't acted and the company had gone under, these depositors could have been hurt. Even more than that, a Brit- ish Mortgage failure could have started a run on other sem banking institutions, and there could have been a loss of faith in our financial system, here at home and abroad. te But FAME involved stock holders; people who invested, who bought common stock or debentures, and with this took the risk that all investors take, Government has never taken a responsibility to protect in- vestors, except from fraud, But it definitely has accepted a sponsibility to protect depost tors, In underwriting British Mort- gage it was only following up on the obligation to depositors. If it had gone to the aid of FAME stockholders, however, it would have left itself open to please for help in the future from a myriad of operations, Jt would be opening up a com- pletely new field of responsibil ity. And one in which it doesn' belong. F If Mr. MacDonald is willing to bless such atrocious business management as FAME dis- played and have the govern- ment throw government money behind it, how can he possibly expect the people to trust him to do the business of the prov- ince as NDP leader, he asks them to do? YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO Novy. 11, 1950 Mayor Michael Starr a nounced he would seek a d term in the forthcoming .munt- cipal election, L. M. Souch, chairman of the Board Education, announced he would not seek re-election, Donald Storie was elected president and Harry F. Millen and Morris Reed, vice-presi- dents, of the Oshawa Rotary 30 YEARS AGO Noy. 11, 1935 Hundreds of citizens gathered at the Cenotaph in Memorial Park, where the fallen heroes of the Great War of 1014-18 were honored in an impressive Remembrance Day service, Ed Bowman, who served the town of Whitby as mayor for six years, announced his retire ment from that office. r or coffee 5c extro. TRY US TODAY! e@ LIGHT LUNCHES and taste tempting @ CHINESE FOODS baal ah ATTENTION BUSINESSMEN... ! We serve o special businessmen's lunch, including main course, soup, bread, butter, vegetables and desert, for 80¢ and up. Tea We also specialize in delicious Including Take-Out-Orders, RESTAURANT | 728-4666 -- 725-0075 Upsteirs 14% KING ST, E,