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3 g a 7? Oshana Fines Published by Canadian Newsnaners Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher TUESDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1965 -- PAGE 4 Economic Significance In PM's Sojourn In Sun ' Prime Minister Pearson's s0- journ in sunnier climes comes at a time of changing conditions in the West Indian market. His visit to Jamaica and Trinidad-Tobago is also the first by a Canadian prime minister since the islands attained their independence, In practising the profession he knows best, that of a diplomat Mr. Pearson's visit can have signi- ficance in cementing Canadian eco- nomic relations in the West Indies. The Canadian Department. of Trade and Commerce has placed emphasis on the continuation of secondary industries and the need for imports of capital equipment. Canadian trade with the West In- dies still includes items we have been supplying for more than 200 years -- flour, salted and pickled fish and meats -- but the range of products is steadily increasing, the current issue of Foreign Trade notes. Canada's sales to Jamaica last / year reached $29 million, up by $7 million over 1968, and further trade expansion is predicted for raw materials and equipment required by the new plants which are being established locally. Important to our farmers is the fact that food- stuffs--which made up 50 per cent of last year's Canadian imports-- are likely to remain in strong de- mand for some time. "Canadians," notes the report, "are known -as suppliers. and have proved their competitiveness in this field." In Trinidad, in spite of increased competition from local and import- ed goods, excellent opportunities for sales of Canadian products still exist in many fields. Canadian ex- porters are urged to accelerate their promotion efforts in this growing market, where tariff pref- rences continue to apply and where the favorable exchange rates pro- vide advantages to Canadians. Another growing market for Ca- nadian products is British Guiana, which now purchases roughly $100 million worth of goods a year from all sourcs. Our exports consist of over 440 commodity classifications, with salted fish, pickled meats, flour, onions, potatoes, tobacco, newsprint, fabrics and machinery among the major commodities. Canada's trade showed a 40 per cent increase last year over 1963, but there is still a large trade balance in British Guiana's favor. There Are Gray Areas... The further removed we are from a serious world situation the more apt we are to view it in solid blacks and whites, to miss the more subtle yet nonetheless highly signi- ficant aspects. So it certainly is with the crisis created by the break- away of Rhodesia. A timely touch of gray tones to relieve the starkness of the situa- tion has come from Canadian Press Staff Writer Joseph MacSween who has recently toured the still largely unknown continent. Rhodesia may finally become the anvil on which black-Africa is forged, he writes, but regional and tribal differences now make grandiose threats sound empty talk. She Oshawa Times T. L, WILSON, Publisher R C. ROOKE, Generali Maneger C. J. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshawa Times lished 1871) ond the itby Gazette and jicle established 1863) is published daily end Statutory holidays excepted). Members of Canadien Daily Newspaper Publish- @ty Association. The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau @f Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Associction. The Canadian Press is exclusively itled to the use otf republication of ali sews Tanees oe be credited to ff or to The Associated Press or Reuters. ond ales. the toca! t=we paonsred teréin. All rights of especial des patches are also . Offices: Buliding, 425 Univers! Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Moritreal, P.Q. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa, Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, ile Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpool, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton, Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, Ngiy ange and Newcastle, not. over SOc, per week. By mail in Province of Ontario outside corrier Gelivery _ area, $15.00 year. Other and 'ountries, $18.00 per yeor. U.S.A. and foreign $27.00 per yeor. » Threats of a huge African sweep southward to stamp out Ian Smith's illegal white-minority regime ap- parently cause misgivings to the Zambian president, Kenneth Kaun- da, known as a tough fighter for Negro nationalism but also a real- ist and moderate. The African countries may present the picture of a solid phalanx at the United Nations but there is no denying that deep divisions exist. Certainly some leaders in Eng- lisdh-speaking as well as French- speaking Africa--not to mention the Arab countries of the north -- shudder at the thought of Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah leading a black crusade, Nkrumah's ideas of welding the continent into a sort of United States of Africa have already re- ceived hard going from other Afri- can leaders who see him as a would- be black Napoleon, Many seasoned observers feel that Smith's regime is indeed fated for defeat in the face of African determination but they hone this will not come to the test of a mili- tary clash. One authoritative estimate is that the military potential of the 36 countries belonging to the Organ- ization of African Unity is 492,000 men. This is indeed an imposing figure but how the forces could be deployed against Rhodesia is an- other question. GOOD EVENING... Mayor Philip Givens of To- ronto let out some trade secrets of the political world last week. They are not likely to endear him to people like city alder- men, school board trustees, MPPs and MPs. He said that one way to dispel lethargy in politicians is to make them feel uncomfortable, and added: "The more embarrassed the aldermen are, the more likely they are to do something pro- gressive. Keep the flame burn- ing brightly under the seats of the mighty." How can we keep the flame burning brightly under the seats of Oshawa's Secret Six, some- times known as City Council's Executive Committee Mayor Givens was comment- ing.on Judge Robert Forsyth's judicial inquiry report on To- rénto's slum housing, which rap- ped the City but placed a well- deserved halo around the head of---Mrs;-Jean-- Marks _ (who proved what a dedicated_and courageous alderman can do single-handed). Alderman Marks did not al- ways act with political delicacy and finecce added His Worship, but social reform can not al- ways be accomplished this way. To return to the problem of OUEEN'S PARK Ant Tahar Veteran To Retire By DON O'HEARN TORONTO -- Time marches on! Jim Metzler--J. B. Metzler-- is retiring as deputy minister of labor At only age 56 Jim is taking his pension and getting out of the top job he has handled now for some 15 years. And thus a hallmark of the changing times around here. This Toronto - born, northern- grew-up (North Bay) lawyer, has been a good deputy minister of labor. The bulk of his term was spent as deputy to Charles Daley, who set an endurance record as min- ister of this department. And the two made a good team. «EFFORTS PAID OFF Working together, and with that other veteran Louis Fine, they managed to keep Ontario relatively labor trouble free. And when there were key dis- utes, such as at Ford and Ana- conda, it was usually through their efforts that settlement eventually was reached. These were the more down-ts- earth days in labor--the years following the war when wages and union recognition were the big issues. These men weren't egg-heads, - And this probably was a good thing. DOWN TO EARTH In their time the ability to bend an elbow properly or tell a good joke could be more helpful than knowing how to find the square root of a molecule. But today labor relations means automation, and pensions and holidays, and retraining, in- ter - union struggle . . . some- times perhaps even how to find the square root of a molecule. It is constant stress. Wages could be answered. And so could union recognition. But who has found any answer to automation? It is a day that calls for egg- heads; for experts who know the inside of a computer if not the human heart. So Jim who is a very human person said "Aw shucks!" (Yes he did, that's his favorite ex- clamation) why wear himself out in a rat race in which there weren't any answers any more. And he got out--one of our first victims of automation at this centre of government. There will be others. For this once simple centre of govern- ment is growing complex, and very disorderly in its strivings for order, along with the times, and the earthy values of "aw shucks" people just can't be rated in a computer. In this dawning day of the bright young men, progress must be wel- comed, but with some sad re- grets. YEARS AGO 20 YEARS AGO Dec. 7, 1945 A new industry to Oshawa: the Weston Aircraft Co. planned to share the large hangar at the former No, 20 Elementary Flying Training School, with the Ontario County Flying Club, They purchased trainer aircraft which was used extensively by the RCAF, for conversion into passenger planes to accommo- date local citizens. Norman Down was re-elected president of the South Ontario Temperance Federation. 35 YEARS AGO Dec. 7, 1930 Oshawa Kiwanis Club decided to sponsor the sea cadet move- ment in the city. Calvary Baptist Church start- ed the erection of a new church building at the corner of Centre and John streets. GETTING AWAY FROM IT ALL CANADA'S STORY John A's SonIn Politics By BOB BOWMAN Like father, like son, worked out in the case of Sir John A. Macdonald. Hugh John Mac donald pent to Fort Garry with Canadian forces in 1870 to con- trol the Riel uprising, and re- mained there to practise law. Sir John A. Macdonald began his career as a lawyer in King- ston, Ontario. In the 1890's Conservative party fortunes in Manitoba had fallen to a low ebb owing to the breakup of the Norquay govern- ment and dissension over the Manitoba schools question. R. P. Roblin, grandfather of the pres- ent premier of Manitoba, was elected party leader, and put new life into it. However, with an election coming up in 1899, he thought the Conservatives might do better if they had a leader with an_ established *'pedigree" and retired in favor of Hugh John Macdonald. It was a hectic election cam- paign. Hugh John Macdonald made a good impression on the public platforms, and was help- ed by the distinguished federal Conservative, Sir Charles Tup- per, who came from the east to take part. On the other hand the Liberals got help from Sir Clif- ford Sifton, who was then doing an outstanding job in the federal cabinet encouraging immigra- tion to. Canada. When the votes were counted on December 7, 1899, the Con- servatives had won 23 seats to the Liberals' 15, and Hugh John Macdonald became Premier of Manitoha. He retired the foliow- ing year to contest a federal seat, and R. P. Roblin took over as leader. Later Sir John A. Macdonald's son became Sir Hugh Macdonald. OTHER EVENTS ON DEC. 7: 1649--I roquois massacred priests and Indians at Huron mission of St. Jean 1729--Mississauga Indians sur- rendered 3,000,000 acres comprising present Went- worth, Norfolk, and Haldi- mand counties of Ontario _ ».»By Jack Gearin Need Great For More Subsidized' Housing Oshawa's slum housing picture, which is as deplorable on a per capita basis as is Toronto's -- that much-delayed 18-unit annex for Christine Crescent low-rent (or subsidized) project will be opened about Feb. 1 now in- stead of this month, as origin- ally planned. Those 18 new Christine units won't begin to supply the de- mand. The Oshawa Housing Au- thority, which administers the crescent, says the waiting list fluctuates, but it is well over the 100 mark. It would be much higher if word got out that more units were available. City Welfare Administrator Herbert Chesebrough said this week w he has been saying for years -- i.e. the need was never 'greater for more subsi- dized housing in Oshawa. "The situation is desperate," he adds. The Welfare Department con- stantly runs into the problem of serious overcrowding (two fam- ilies in one house); and there are still many families in sub- standard houses, some which lack toilet: and water facilities. Several are rat-infested. No official at City Hall seems ta know how many enh. etandard houses the City has. One Health Department spokesman esti- mated the total at more than 100, but G. A. "Bert" Wandless, City Planning Director, is not so certain the number is that high. He plans a city-wide survey early in the new year to deter- mine the exact number. His findings may be incorporated into a much - requested amend- ment (by the City Health De- partment) to the City Health by- law. The department feels that the present bylaw is too restrictive when it comes to forcing a slum landlord to repair his property or in allowing the city to order its demolition. Tenants can only be ordered out now if the prop- erty lacks adequate plumbing and water facilities (which make it a health menace). The department wants the act to have far more teeth so that it can legally force the landiord to make requested improvements or permit its demolishment. As an indication of how long it takes to get the official ma- chinery moving on low - rent housing: The Department of Planning and Development, Queen's Park, carried out an exhaustive survey in the summer of 1958 to determine Oshawa's low-rent housing needs. They recommended a 46-unit complex -- when this was not forthcoming Dr. C. C. Stewart, City MOH, wrote the Federal Government April 12, 1960, and said, in part: "Il am convinced that there is a great and urgent need for these units in this mu- nicipality"'. Christine Crescent didn't open until November, 1963, some five years after the Queen's Park Survey. Mr. Chesebrough says low- rent housing is a continuing problem because of the city's population growth. He says the three levels of government should start planning now for four or five years ahead. He says there is too much lag in planning. When the new sub-standard housing bylaw becomes effec- tive, a three - man Housing Standards committee will be set up to hear appeals from. any landlords who -may be found guilty of infringements. There are three such sub- standard housing bylaws opera- tive now at Windsor, Ottawa and Toronto; according to the JiidWa is ule Gay CHY to prosecute successfully under the bylaw. There have been seve eral cases there, 1770--Samuel Hearne left on trip that proved there was nonorthprest passage across Canada 1782---Governor Parr of N.S. an- nounced arrival of 500 Loyalists from South Car- oling 1837--Head and McNab with 500 Onna militia beat rebels led by W. L. Mackenzie at Mont- gomery's tavern, Toronto 1869--First issue of Ottawa "Free Press" 1941--Canada declared war on Japan, Finland, Hungary, Roumania (U.S.A. and Britain declared war next day) WASHINGTON CALLING Forces Of General Giap Contront U.S. In Viet Nam By GORDON DONALDSON WASHINGTON -- (Special)-- When Defense Secretary Robert McNamara arrived back last week from his seventh trip to Vietnam, he announced, "We've stopped losing the war." A Washington wit told him, "So has France, Mac." France got out of Indochina in May, 1954 after losing 187,000 killed and wounded to the Viet Minh forces of General Vo Mguyen Giap. Now the U.S. is facing Giap. For the first time an American combat unit, the First Air Cav- alary Division has _ battled Giap's regular North Vietna- mese troops directly, without intervening units of South Viet- mamese savernment t tecsss or Communist Viet Cong guerrillas. The U.S. lost 240 killed and 470 wounded in that battle and although they claim victory on the basis of estimates that the North Vietnamese lost many times more, these losses hurt. With the appearance in South Vietnam of at least six of Giap's regular regiments, the war escalated another notch. Now there is little doubt the U.S. will raise the ante again. ONE MILLION TROOPS There are 160,000 American troops in South Vietnam and a further 50,000 offshore, The U.S. commander in Vietnam, General Wiliam Westmoreland has asked for more men and will certainly get them, The total U.S; force is expected to in- crease to 300,000 next year and there it will reach a million eventually, President. Johnson is now more hopelessly ensnared in Southeast Asia than his two predecessors. The year the French pulled out, President Eisenhower de- clared that no one could be more bitterly opposed than he to getting the U.S. involved in a hot war there. Eisenhower sent in 700 'advisors' who were not supposed to shoot unless shot at, John Kennedy insisted 'It's their war" (meaning the South Vietnamese), but boosted~ the advisory force to 16,000. NEGOTIATIONS On March 25, 1965, Johnson said "This is no struggle of white men against Asians." He offered "unconditional" negotia- tions with North Vietnam, while pouring in nearly 200,000 men and bombing North Vietnam. Over and over again he has insisted that he is only-carrying out the commitment to defend South Vietnam left him by Kennedy and Eisenhower. But the "commitment" has changed beyond recognition and Sisncat.. 1 couprchension. Peace ~ feelers have been rejected as "'not meaningful," The South Vietnamese are being » ecyond elbowed aside and "their" war is being fought for them. To what purpose? Mr. John- son's explanation that the U.S. is helping that country defend itself against aggression by its neighbor wore thin. HONOR So he declared that American honor was at stake and this plus the casualty lists, has helped rally the people behind their commander - in - chief. They are not sure just who staked it or why, but American boys are dying out there and war is sanctified by blood. The anit-war movement which made successful protest. march on Washington Nov. 17, is small and dissrganized. The State De- partment fears the so-called peaceniks are convincing North Vietnam America doesn't have its heart in the war. The news reports of the Nov. 17 demon- stration and the violent reac- tions against it from veterans' groups, militarists and hard- liners, may have given that impression. But the leaders of the march were not calling for an immediate withdrawal from South Vietnam. They merely echoed past statements by Johnson and Kennedy and Eisenhower and demanded that the administra- tion try for the peaceful settle- ment it has promised for so long. If the administration has other plans -- and there are signs that it has -- it will soon have to explain them to justify the mounting casualties. ALTERNATIVES Now that General Westmore- land is locked in ground war with General Giap, he has the apparent alternatives: One, pour in more ground troops, backed by air power, to outnumber and crush the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong. (This could take on million of the three million Americans now under arms). Two, bomb Hanoi, Haiphong and everything that moves in North Vietnam, plus Communist bases in Laos and Cambodia. Three, hold on to the major South Vietnamese cities and a few inland strongholds and wait for a stalemate. The first two courses can be sold to the American people on the ground that the Vietnamese war is the big "crunch" with China and has to be won to hold back the red-yellow hordes. BIBLE Appoint you cities of refuge. --Joshua 20:2. Whatever our state or. situa- tion, God has assured us a refuge to which we may repeat- edly resort, MOSAMBIOQUE AT EXCEPTION __ White PD lare Withstand Tide Of Black Nationalism By JOSEPH MacSWEEN LOURENCO MARQUES (CP) The Portuguese doctor stood in the blazing Mozambique sun at the airport terminal here and declared with conviction: "Give us just three things-- time; money and peace--and T"ll meet you here 20 years from today." That was one long-time resi- dent's judgment on the future of Portuguese rule in Africa-- but the trouble is that Lisbon 'ds short on precisely the three things he mentioned. On money, it was significant that the doctor opened the con- versation by wondering aloud-- somewhat sardonically -- why the United States does not give development aid to Portuguese Mozambique as it does to black-ruled countries. Regarding time, the winds of change are blowing here as elsewhere. As for peace, guer- rilla strife has been raging spas- modically in this southeast Afri- can territory for more than a year, following bloodier fighting on the other side of the contin- ent, in Portuguese Angola. "We have 100,000 Portuguese soldiers in Angola and Mozam- bique at present," said a gov- ernment informant. "We would need 700,000 in Mozambique alone if the prvince was Teally in revolt." The size of those figures un- derlines the vastness of tiny Portugal's stake in Africa, where its possessions are 23 times the size of the homeland and embrace a population of -- 12,500,000, Ae : While other impe powers have been surrendering their empire, Portugal has main: tained its grip, Now, 505 years ~ after the death of Prince Henry ~ the Navigator and the birth of _ Vasco da Gama--in whose two lifetimes much of the Portu- guese empire was established-- Portugal is not only the oldest but the biggest and last of the great European colonial pow- ers. For a Canadian analogy, Angola Mozambique and Portu- guese Guinea, an enclave in for- mer French West Africa, are in total about twice the size of Ontario. To Lisbon, however, the ter- ritories are not colonies buf "overseas provinces," equal with regions of Portugal itselt a concept somewhat similar to that of France toward its for- mer North African colony, Al- geria. But. Joao Augusto Silva, Mo- zambique information director, said there is no real parallel with Algeria, which won its in- dependence despite the efforts of a 450,000 - man French army. : Shared Non-Racial Culture Declared Aim Portugal's policies, he said, are based on a proper concept of human dignity and a system of "living, mixing with the na- tives." There was no distinction of color or creed. The objective was a shared, non-racial culture as had been achieved in Bra- zil, which declared its independ- ence from Portugal more than 130 years ago. In contrast, the 'French in Algeria were always French and the Algerians were always Algerians." Portugal is often accused of turning a face of stony defiance to criticism of its policies but the government claims it has given significant' new scope to African aspirations in political, educational and economic mat- ters in recent years. "The franchise is the same as in Portugal, that is, universal adult suffrage based on being either literate, or a taxpayer or a householder," says the gov- ernment. Critics cite Portugal's own high rate of illiteracy and the dictatorial rule of Premier An- tonio Salazar as stumbling blocks in Mozambique's ad- vance. Reforms mean that, as be- fore, every baby black or white is a Portuguese citizen at birth. But a black citizen no longer has to achieve certain standards of education and culture before the full rights of citizenship are conferred upon him. These rights include the priv- flege of paying income tax, which was one of several rea- sons why under the old system the number of "'assimilados" in- creased extremely slowly. A black citizen now must choose whether to live under native law and custom, submitting to the court of his tribal chief, or under Portuguese law--and in- come tax. ' REBELS SEE VICTORY Mozambique now sends seven representatives to the national assembly at Lisbon, as well as having its own governor-gen- eral and legislative council, nine of whose members are elected by universal suffrage, the remaining 18 being elected from within various corporate organizations, such as labor un- ions and business groups. Silva scoffed at a claim by Eduardo C. Mondlane, chief of the Front for the Liberation of Mozambique -- FRELIMO -- that Portugal's hold would be. broken within five years in the territory of 6,600,000 population, including 150,000 Europeans. Mondlane, interviewed at his By Portugal headquarters in Dar es Salaam, capital of neighboring Tan- zania, had told this reporter portugal was keeping down a rebellious population by terror tactics. But Silva countered that the shoe is on the other foot--Fre- limo tries to intimidate villag- ers and conscript young men into the rebel forces for train- ing in Tanzania and Algeria. Mondlane had said the was done within. Mozambique. Silva maintained that Fre- limo members, crossing from Tanzanian bases in the north, sometimes disguised in guese uniforms, had managed to kill only 20 Portuguese sol- diers and 100 "natives" in 10 months, Raids had penetrated no more than 300 miles into Mo- zambique, which stretches 2,000 miles: along the Indian ocean and varies in width from 400 -- in the north to 30 in the south, STRIKE AT NIGHT Other sketchy reports tell of cruel if small-scale fighting in which six - man rebel com- mando squads -- Mondlane claims more than 2,000 men-- strike at night, then vanish into the jungle to prepare new am- bushes, Portuguese planes strafe villages in which guer- rillas are suspected of lurking. "Elephant trap" techniques are used to disable vehicles, leay- ing the occupants at the mercy of waiting 1ebels, These stories are reminiscent, although on a much smaller scale, of the insensate terror- ism and brutal retaliation that ripped through Angola in 1961, The Portuguese won out there, temporarily at least, although rebel leader Holden Roberto has established an exile goy- ernment in the. nsichhorins Congo, Mondlane said the two uprisings were not linked. Government informants esti mated there are 30,000 Portus guese soldiers in Mozambique and 70,000 in the larger Angola territory. Silva spoke of the difficulty of tracking down invaders who can pick their point of entry anywhere along Mozambique's 1,000-mile river-and-lake border on the north and northwest, This beautiful white-towered city of 185,000, with its golden sands, glorious tropical colors and gleaming apartment build- ings and hotels, is mote than 1,000 "miles from the scenes of battle? The only reminders to the visitor are occasional mili- tary contingents in battle gear. TODAY IN HISTORY By THE CANADIAN PRESS Dec. 7, 1965... Robert Ket, a wealthy English yeoman, was hanged 416 years ago today --in 1549~--at Norwich for leading a rebellion. A feast held at his manor to com- plain against the govern- - ment's policy of fencing off and selling public land de- generated into a riot and he- came a military conquest of Norwich, the nearest large town. The rising was easily put down by the Duke of Warwick, with foreign troops, and Ket and his brother were speedily tried and condemned. 1787 -- Delaware became the first state to ratify the United States constitution. 1941 -- Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and Canada declared war on Japan. First. World War Fifty years ago today--in 1915 -- President Wilson asked for more power to deal with anti - American subversion; British forces retreated before the Bulgar- jan conquest of Serbia. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day -- in 1940 -- President Roosevelt promised U.S. aid to Greece, now successfully repelling the Italian invas- ion; two German aircraft were shot down in light ac- tion over England. POINTED PARAGRAPHS "There's a divinity that shapes our ends, rough-hew them how we will." -- Shake- speare. One wonders, if more shaping isn't-done by girdles. People are making moré money than ever before, in these days of inflation, but there's very little profit in it. Something many would like te see advertised on television: An effective remedy for a pain in the neck: brought on by blatant and irritating commercials. Today's teen-age girls must be stronger than their predecessors asa number of-them can hang on to a boy scooting around on a motorcycle every which way but carefully, 1 eA AMAR ISU 6