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etna kane eal " -- a it a Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario T. L. Wilson, Publisher THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 1966 ---- PAGE 4 = rn ee Kennedy Serves Notice Of Fight On Senator Robert Kennedy is as an astute a young politician as ever eyed the White House. His sugges- tion that the Viet Cong be offered a role in the government of South Viet Nam is undoubtedly in keeping with such aspirations. It has much greater domestic application than it has international import. His proposal is that Viet Cong leaders be brought into a coalition government with those of South Viet Nam. It is, of course, com- pletely contrary to those who are adamantly against any dealing with the Cong. The Johnson administration moved swiftly to oppose the sugges- tion. In rather unstatesmanlike lan- guage, Vice-President Humphrey has likened it to "putting a fox in a chicken coop", The suggestion, however, will re- main a topic of conversation of high priority for months to come, As The Hamilton Spectator says, the Home Front very nature of the man who sup- ports it will assure this. Senator Kennedy is a fighter and an imag- inative politician. He would not sup- port such a contentious move if he and his advisors did not believe millions of Americans were despar- ately looking for such a compromise position. It thus represents a warning to the Jonhson administration that it faces an escalating round of critic- ism at home should it move to fur- ther escalate the war in Asia. While the timing of the Kennedy stand was excellent in the area of national politics in the U.S. it does not fit the picture international. It could have merit as a compromise solution in the months ahead. Meanwhile, President Johnson has been well alerted that he faces a fight on the homefront from this point on with a man likely to be his match in the political fray leading to the 1968 presidential election. Three Common Errors Dominion Automobile Associa- tion, in the course of a recent sur- vey on motor accident causative factors on Canadian Highways, con- sulted a number of "professional" drivers (operators of coast to coast transports and buses) and asked their opinion on the most common driving shortcomings as attributa- ble to "amateur drivers", whose accident records are incidentally, three to four times as high as that of the D.A.A. consultees. Major E. G. Hession, public rela- tions director of the association, re- ports that surprisingly, the top three in the professional list of driving errors were: Failing to sig- nal turns; failing to dim head- lights; "tailgating" or following too close ... in that order. Other seemingly She Oshawa Times T. L. WILSON, Publisher R. C. ROOKE, General Manager C. J. MeCONECHY Editor The Oshawa Times combining The Oshowo Times {established 1871) and the hitby Gazette ond Chronicle established 1863) is published daily Sundays ond Statutory holidays excepted) Members of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publish era Association. The Canadian Press, Audit Bureau of Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Dailies Association. The Canadion Press is exclusively entitied to the use of republication of ail news despatched in the poper credited 'to It or te The Associoted Press or Reuters, ond also the local news published therein. All rights of special des patches are also reserved. Gffices; Thomson Building, 425 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario; 640 Cathcart Street, Montreal P.O. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Delivered by carriers in Oshawa Whitby, Ajax, Pickering, Bowmanville, Brooklin, Port Perry, Prince Albert, Maple Grove, Hampton, Frenchman's Bay, Liverpoe!, Taunton, Tyrone, Dunbarton Enniskillen, Orono, Leskard, Brougham, Burketon, Claremont, Manchester, Pontypool, and Newcastle not over SOc, per week, By mail in Province of Ontarie outside corrier delivery area, $15.00 per year, Other provinces and Commonwealth Countries, rahe 00 per year. U.S.A. and foreign $27.00; per rr. more common Enreenornen onnats errors such as excessive speed, crossing solid lines, running red lights, were of less import in the opinion of the experts. Another rather unusual conclu- sion arrived at in the survey was the strongly adverse criticism, not of the slow through-way driver, but rather the slow follower of the slow through-way vehicle, who starts the eventual long line of impatient would-be passers of the front-run- ning slow-poke. Another mild surprise was the unanimous lack of criticism of wo- men drivers as such, who have earn. ed the respect of the "pros" by the usual careful, common-sense ap- proach to their driving privileges. The opinions of the "professional drivers" should well be heeded by "amateurs". In the last 10 years, the "'pros'"' have cut their accident rate by half. The average profes- sional now averages 160,000 miles logged per mishap, And there are many multi-million mile profession- al drivers who have never been in- volved in an accident ! Other Editors' Views Deaths of children under ten years all too often occur in home fires, Panic may be one of the causes, since a small frightened youngster will hide under furniture, ignoring calls by his family who may be un- able to get to him. Home fire drill, frequently practicized, will train children to know exactly how to escape and it could teach them to help smaller tots. (National Health, Welfare) are hme zt tsa rer tec NONSTOP, AT $3.50 PER GALLON .. a i dia aed Wayuwe Oiuiw EVYDA C7 REDART Ti ane Ww WF etene wore Futuristic African Place Work Of Young Architect By MICHAEL BLAIR MONTREAL (CP)--Ian Mor- ton is a young architect with youinfui ideas. With tie job of designing pavilions for Expo 67, He feeds nem, One of his main projects is the futuristic African Place, which' will fit into Expo's theme of Man and His World, The honeycomb - style pavilion will house a large number of coun- tries yet give each room for a showplace for its culture with- out infringing on neighbors. Mr. Morton, 27, a graduate of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, left Australia in 1962, He went to Britain, where he worked for Sir Basil Spence, designer of the new Coventry Cathedral and architect for the United Kingdom pavilion at Expo. In 1963 he came to Canada where he helped Moshe Safdie, Montreal architect who de- signed Habitat 67, a $13,000,000 apartment development of the future now under construction at Expo. COST IS LOW The African pavilion will be built by Expo. Individual coun- tries including Kenya, Togo, Niger, Upper Volta, Senegal, Mauritania, Dahomey, Tan- zania and Ivory Coast, will be responsible for their own ex- hibits. One of the attractive factors is that cost will be fixed at about $30 a square foot, includ- ing management, maintenance and security services. Construction will be of ply- wood aid red brick coated with plastic, with a triangular pat- tern as the dominant feature, 'It doesn't matter how many countries decide to partici- pate -- we can always add another section," Mr. Morton said, Approximate cost of the pav- flion will be. $820,000, and with the set costs countries won't have to werry about estimated figures soaring beyond their budgets. Another pavilion designed by Mr. Morton, for Commonwealth nations, was scrapped because of lack of participation. He described working for Expo as equivalent to doing a world tour to study architec- ture, with most of the 70 participating countries bringing their own designs. When Expo construction is completed jate this year, he may return to Australia to use his new knowledge. Wide Significance Given To Soviet Effort In Concord By JOHN BEST MOSCOW (CP)--The Soviet Union's attempt to bring about a concord between Pakistan and India seems to grow in signifi- cance as the event itself recedes into the background. 'Absolutely a watershed," is the way orie experienced West- ern diplomat describes the So- viet intervention that produced January's Tashkent declaration by which the two belligerents of last summer agreed to seek to harmonize their relations. His comment reflects. a-wide- Spread feeling here that Tash- kent represented a milestone in Russia's foreign relations and, by extension, a milestone in the search for world. peace and equilibrium Many observers believe it is too early to conclude that Rus- sia has renounced its trouble- making role: in international crisis situations in favor of a peacemaking, conciliation role. But the contrast between the way it performed in the Indo- Pakistan quarrel and its usual practice of aggravating flare- ups, on the vague principle that confusion and strife in the world somehow benefit communism, has raised high hopes. One report going around here now--entirely unconfirmed. as yet--is that the Soviet Union will soon try its hand at medi- ating the Cyprus dispute NEUTRAL NOW in the last six months or so the Kremlin has moved to neu- tral ground as regards the quar- rel involving Greece and Tur- key, and the Greek and Turkish communities on Cyprus Such a would be prerequisite to any _ serious move to settle the dispute which-nearly touched off a war in the eastern Mediterranean twoyears ago. At that. time Russia was totally on the side of the Greeks and their Cypriot kinsmen--a fact which in itself seemed to add an ominous di- mension to the crisis position Russia is considered to have a vested interest in a solution of the Cyprus problem, since this would bring tranquillity to an inflamed area close to Rus- «+» BY ROAD, sia's southern border. The same interest impelled it to intervene in the India-Pakistan dispute-- coupled with its concern for building fences against China. Whether Russia would be moved to adopt such a states- manlike role when flareups oc- cur in more distant parts of the world, where its own immediate interests are not directly af- fected, is a question that many diplomats here are asking themselves. There has been no hint in the Soviet Press that the Kremlin considers the Soviet-sponsored Tashkent conference between President Mohammad Ayub Khan and the late prime minis- ter Lal Bahadur Shastri as a precedent to be followed up elsewhere. ENJOYING NEW ROLE But there is no doubt that the Soviet government 1s delighted with its effort at Tashkent and the acclaim this has earned in practically all parts of the world. Russian leaders have tasted the flavor of a peace- maker's role and found: it ex- quisite They are reported highly pleased with the stream of con- gratulatory messages received from foreign statesmen, includ- ing Canada's Prime Minister Pearson. Those from Western states- men may have gone some way toward convincing the Kremlin that the West, too, wants a set- tlement of the India-Pakistan conflict--despite the official line that Western policy seeks only to sharpen the conflict for self- ish purposes. Symbolizing the Russians' ex- citement over their first big venture into foreign conciliation is a new phrase they've in- vented: "The spirit -of Tash- kent." It is supposed to denote the new climate of relations ex- isting between Pakistan and India as a result of the. confer- ence Revolutionary Russia may not quite yet be a full-fledged Status. quo power. But it gives every sign of enjoying the wide and heady recognition it has re- ceived as a peacemaker, RAIL, RIVER, TOO Pipeline In Sky' Carries Oil To Zambia LUSAKA (AP)--Cars, trucks and taxis bustle along Zambian roads--all of them on gasoline costing Zamblans 50 cents a gal- lon Getting the gasoline into Zam- bia by massive international air- lift is costing the British, Ca- nadian and United States govern ments perhaps $3.50 a gallon. The airlift started two months azo when- this landlocked na- tion's copper economy was threatened by a Rhodesian re- fusal to let oil pass its border. That was a retaliation by Rho- desia's Prime Minister lan Smith against worldwide embar- goes put on his rebel govern- ment. Since then the oil lift has snowhalled. Road, rail and river routes supplement the nonstop "pipeline in the sky." Eight na- tions--Zambia, Britain, Canada, the U.S., The Congo, Tanzania, Malawi and Kenya -- are in- volved Zambia's monthly needs of 3,999,000 gallons are being met and there is enough left for it to stockpile 1,600,000 gallons a mont! INVOLVES 20 PLANES The airlift now planes. Six RAF Britannias fly from Nairobi, Ken i involves tal of Dar es ville, The Conzo four RCAF Hercules aircraft fly here with drums of high-octane gasoline -- "'a major risk to carry, particularly in this area which is heavily subject to elec- trical storms," a Canadian offi- cer commented. "But nobody seems to mind." Using 45-gallon drums, each Hercules can carry about 3,285 gallons a trip. The four planes also can carry oil in rubber "blubber" bags holding 4,000 gallons each. Two of the planes come from the RCAF's 435 Squadron. at Namao, Alta., and two from 436 Squadron at Ottawa. Canadian sources in the Con- golese capital estimate their government pays $2,300 a day for Hercules .fuel alone. Other costs are not known, except that each Canadian airman gets 2,700 Congolese francs ($18) a day for meals, plus room rent and "other reasonable expenses," RUNWAYS TOO SHORT Two Boeing 707s chartered by the U.S. Agency for Interna- tional Deyelopment also fly from Leopoldville, but carry oil only as far as Elisabethville near the Zambia-Congo border. Zambian runways are toe short for the Boeings From Elisabethville the oil brought by the 707s--each car- rying 144 barrels of 55 gallons each--reaches Lusaka by land route British high ommi fon man has put Britain's- costs at $3,000,000 a month. spoke Chartering the Boeings costs A.1.D. $7,500 a plane trip. The two jets total six trips a day. Mach of the two U.S. airlines in- volved estimated to have re- ceived more than $500,000. The price of the oil--it comes from a pool set up by Mobil Oil, Texaco, Shell and the Con- golese Petrocongo and Socope- trol companies--is paid for by Zambia How long the airlift will have to continue.is undecided. Canada recently pledged to extend. its effort up to April 30, and it seems likely the U.S.-chartered flights will keep going as long. USE 300 VOLUNTEERS About 300 truck-owning volun- teers bring gasoline from Isoka on the Tanzanian border. Drivers hurl their five-tonners into the 1,000-mile round trip along pot-holed, muddy roads every two days for $334 a trip. The 500 - mile outward trip from the copperbelt town of Ndola takes 13 hours. Coming back, with 1,125 gallons of gaso- line in drums lashed on takes 15- hours The gasoline reaches Isoka from Dar es Salaam and °the railhead of Mikumi, which is an- other 500-mile trip beyond Isoka into Tanzania Both Dar es Salaam and Mom- basa, Kenya, also send oil to an emergency railhead at Dodoma, Tanzania, and the Lake yika port of Kogoma From Kigoma the gasoline is Tangan- ' ; Shipped down the lake to Zam- bian berths at the port of Mpu- lungu, then carried by truck-- including tankers normally used for carrying beer--into Zambia. STARTS AT MATADI From The Congo, the ground lift starts at Matadi. The oil then goes by rail fo Leopoldville, While the chartered Roeings carry some to Elisabethville, the rest gets there up the Congo and Kasai rivers by barge to Port Frenq, then by a winding railroad to Elisabethyille. Next stop is the Zambian cop: perbelt, by road. Road, barge and rail routes across The Cong, currently undergoing im- provement, are reported carry- ing about 4,000 tons of fuel for Zambia a month. Another road route for the oil lift is from Malawi, 600 miles east of Lusaka. This is not yet fully operational but is likely to increase in. use with improve- ments in gasoline supplies to Malawi from 'the port of Beira in Portuguese Mozambique. It is believed in Lusaka the Zambian government plans to build up the ground routes in order to cut down the expense of the airlift. Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda has asked the British- based Lonrho Group. of compa- nie to draw up plans for a 1,090-mile pipeline from Dar es Salaam to sambis SPoRTS WITH ERic KIERANS Cr A 600d HKeNESs oF A PRHOOCESIAN COLONIALIS' ma poi "cry >> Ws = WAAR AE (/ MMII KS SS ae |\cCe SCULPTURE BY RENE LEVEesque ~ See TEENY CARNIVAL TIME IN QUEBEC CANADA'S STORY iQ nF Complicated Rivalry By BOB BOWMAN One of the most complicated and strange stories in the early history of Canada concerns the rivalry between Charles La Tour and Charles d'Aulney de Charnisay for the control of Acadia When Biencourt Poutrincourt died after being chased from Port Royal in the Argall raid, he left his lands and possessions to Charles~La Tour, or so La Tour claimed. However, France was suspicious about his loyal- ty because Charles I of Britain had made him a 'Baronet of Nove Scotia'. Soon after France regained Acadia officially through the Treaty of St. Germain-en-Laye Charles d'Aulnay Charnisay was appointed governor of Acadia. La Tour contested this, tried to mH HH HUEAIMIIN AHI " mutt vai get help from merchants in Bos- ton, and established a fort across the Bay of Fundy where Saint John, N.B., now stands. When LaTour was on one of his trip to Boson, Charnisay attacked his fort, which was strongly defended by Madame la Tour Who was almost an- other Madeleine de Vercheres. Charnisay only succeeded in getting into Fort LaTour through the treachery of one of Madame la Tour's soldiers. Charnisay hanged some of the members of the garrison and made Madame la Tour watch the proceedings. She died soon after. Then Charnisay had his date with destiny. Soon after he re- turned to Port Royal he was drowned when his canoe upset in the icy waters of Annapolis 4 ALE TAHOE SRT Belt-Tightening In Britain Voluntary Basis Difficult LONDON (AP)--In two gen- erations, the British have pulled in their belts to fight a depres- sion, win a war and then pay for its consequences. Now they're being' asked again to tighten up in peacetime, and they're wondering why. This problem of public aware- ness is the key to the Labor government's policy of keeping prices, incomes and productiy- ity in balance. Britain must' reorganize in- dustry and boost exports to pay off $700,000,000 in foreign loans during each of the next. three years. Collapse of the economy, in the words of one Laborite in Parliament, would mean "we could be using pound notes for wallpaper." The voluntary policy of re- straint began with fanfare in December, 1964, only two months after Labor took office. George Brown, a former union leader who became minister of economics, obtained the agree- ment of business afd labor leaders to limit price and wage boosts to what could be justified by increases in productivity. The government set up a prices and incomes board to examine and report on proposed increases. It is headed by Au brey Jones, a former Consetv- ative MP, "Is this policy clearly under stood by the chap on the factory floor' he asked recently, 'No it clearly is not," The first year's results. were not encouraging, and some com- mentators call the. policy a flop. Prices -went up 4.5 per cent, Wage costs rose eight per cent Productivity went up one per cent. Nevertheless the policy scems to have affected Sub- fracting the results of new to bacco, liquor, transport and in- come taxes imposed by the government, the price rise was BIBLE Boaz. . . said to his reapers, "the Lord be with you"; and they answered "the Lord bless thee."'"--Ruth 2:4 prices How many labor disputes would we have if employers and employees greeted each other this way every morning? about the same as in previous years. WAGES THORNY ISSUE Wages are proving the stick- ing point, but the government may have turned a corner by averting a nationwide rail strike recently. It refused the rail- men's demands beyond the na- tional guideline of a 314-per-cent increase. And it won a promise from union leaders to co-operate in talks on increasing productiv- ity by reducing the railway's over-manned staff. There is some hope that other unions may have learned that the government means business on its wage guidelines. Classical economists--and many of Brit- -ain's overseas banker - credi- tors--fee! that they won't really get the message until unemploy- ment rises from its present rate of about 1.5 per cent to at least two per cent, and jobs are less secure. Brown admits he has been having trouble but says other countries haye, too. He conceded that the volun- tary system is not working as fast as it should. Despite in- tense union opposition, the gov- ernment is reported considering a bill to force a delay in wage and price rises while Jones's board studies them, The board has no compulsory powers now. YEARS AGO 15 YEARS AGO Feb, 24, 1951 A good portion of the $183,788 which the PUC is to expend soon for extension of facilities to the Electric Department will be for such items as. additional sub- station spacelines and feeder lines and equipment, a spokesman said, The Oshawa Rotary Club has started its annual Easter Seal drive. 30 YEARS AGO Feb. 24, 1936 Indications around City Hall point to a 46 mill rate by City Council this year. The suggestion was made at a meeting of the Oshawa Prop- erty Owners Association that members refuse to rent to those on relief, if municipal taxes increase Basin. On February 24, 1653, LaTour went over and married his widow! An effort is being made to have Fort La Tour reconstruct- ed as a national historic site. Other Events on February 24: 1662 Laval excommunicated persons selling liquor to Indians 1663 France took control of Can- ada from Company of 100 Associates 1865 Telegraph line to Russia begun at New Westminster, B.C., but never completed 1870 Oregon Boundary Treaty approved although signed in 1846 1915 Canadian troops in action at Armentieres 1925 Canada - U.S.A. agreement re. control Lake of Woods waterways, TODAY IN HISTORY Feb. 24, 1966... Francis I of France was defeated and captured at the batte of Pavia, ltaly, 441 years ago today--in 1525 --by the Hapsburg emperor Charles V. He had to ran- som himself by signing a treaty renouncing his claims to Italy and Flanders and surrendering part of cen- tral France as well, Fran- cis' mistake had been try- ing to repeat a military master-stroke of 10 years before, when he had not been fighting the sagacious emperor. There were three more wars between Francis and Charles and in the end they compromised on their territorial claims. 1848 --Louis Philippe of France abdicated and the Second Republic was pro- claimed. 1907--137 persons aboard the Austrian ship Impera- trix were drowned. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916--General Philippe Pe- tain was put in command of the collapsing front at Ver- dun; Austrian troops ad- vanced on Durazzo, Al- bania; Portugal interned more German ships. Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day --in 1941 -- the British legation evacuated Sofia, capital of Bulgaria: Hitler announced a massive sub- marine blockade of Britain: the RAF bombed a German battleship at Brest, France WASHINGTON (AP) -- Or- ishbestn the --tiettoe States, once an acknowledged prime mover behind President Johnson, is deep in the winter of its discontent with the White House and Democrats, Unless Johnson and Congress thaw the growing. chill, the Democratic party could lose a major slice of labor's support when it needs it--in the con- ressional elections this fall, Altogether, labor union mem bers and their families pack a political wallop of at least 35,+ 000,000 votes. This compares with the total of 70,000,000 votes cast in the 1964 balloting that resulted in Johnson's landslide victory and the biggest Demo- cratic majority in Congtess in nearly 30 years. In this year's non-presidential elections, 'the -Democrats face the historic trend that the party in power loses seats in Con- gress. Without labor, they'll lose plenty. Labor's complaint against the way the political winds are blowing in the capital is based on three things: ---Union chiefs think Senate Democratic Leader Mike Mansfield dragged his feet on a bill to repeal a section of the U.S,. Labor Code that sanctions laws in 19. states banning union shop contracts, under which all employees must join the union. The bill recently was shelved by Con- gress. --Johnson's statement to Con- gress that he is considering some kind of anti-stike legis- lation to deal with labor disputes that threaten "'irre- parable harm" to the national interest. Labor leaders have been trying to figure out what he may have in mind, --Johnson's refusal to raise White House wage guidelines from 3.2 to 3.6 per cent in line with latest national prod- uction figures. The guidelines set the size of wage increases acceptable to the White House as non-inflationary. SIGNS OF APPEASEMENT There are signs that Johnson is moving to placate disgruntied . labor leaders, Labor Secretary Wirtz for the first time recently held out hope that the White House would propose an_ in- crease in the $1.25 federal min- imum wage, something Johnson had been shying away from. And many labor spokesmen think one of the most important labor measures in years is the administration's bill to set fed- eral standards and raise unem- ployment payments, which now vary sharply from state to State. "This is the rea! showdown between us and the big boys (in industry), an AFL-CIO spokes- man said. Paul Hall, president of the AFL-CIO Maritime Trades De- partment, summed up labor's attitude toward the Democrats ~ graphically: "We're not the tail of the Democratic party," he says. Valuable Finds From Fish Nets HALIFA X(CP)--Some funny- looking rocks being dragged in with fishermen's nets off Nova Scotia are proving to be valu- able geological finds. Two objects passed on to Dal- housie University by fishermen turned out to be the teeth of mammoths and mastodonis. Dr. Donald Swift of Dalhou- sie's geology department said the teeth show that the ele- phant - like creatures were at one time native to the area now covered by ocean. This in turn gives some indication of the type of strata on the ocean floor, He said fishermen are prob- ably throwing away "many funny rocks" that are older than the teeth--estimated to be about 18,000 years old -- and bear the imprint of extinct clams and shells. "These latter rocks are part of the sub-strata that the ele- phants walked around on, and compared to the age of the rocks, that of the mammoth is only yesterday. It's this same strata that may contain the. oil so many people are looking for." The long - haired mammoths and the mastodons were in- eonisad onized - habitants of a vast coastal plain laid bare on the eastern coast of North America during the pleistocene ice age. Fishermen still haul up stumps from those ancient forests. ed Coll Mr Central Ontario Trust Oshawa, Ontario ARE YOU HEADING SOUTH ? Now Is The Time To Discuss - YOUR WILL Free Estate and Will Planning Service FOUNTAINHEAD OF SERVICE MacKinnon, Manager, Trust Services 19 Simeoe Street North & Savings Corporation Phone 723-5221