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se ENN Se ata ALE PAUSE FOR COMFORT Winston Churchiil Society of Edmonton. He visited a ranch Sunday for a special display of rodeo techniques. --CP Wirephoto Warming his hands over an outdoor fire in 14-degree temperature is Lord Louis Mountbatten. Lord Mount- batten is in Edmonton to address a meeting of the Washington Fear Grows Over South Viet Allies By MALCOLM W. BROWNE | A much bigger source of SAIGON (AP) -- Mobs with|trouble is the cultural and lin- clubs are in the streets, ban-|guistic differences among the ners are flying, the holy men|North Vietnamese, central Viet- in yellow are manning their |namese and South Vietnamese. eens ----: el sate a few ee ou! let Nam is again in tur-|Saigon government has been moil. |dominated since Vietnamese in- Once again, U.S. officials are | dependence in 1954 by north and deeply worried about keeping | central Vietnamese. In the pres- their Vietnamese allies in the|€nt military government, both esas he CORE vss tlt, 'sad the preion, mericans have more reaso ' ore ; than ever te warty this ie. pehraes and Cao Ky, originated ere have nm man ico- . seep upheavals 2 A gyrate This is a source of irritation in three years, and many have | to many South Vietnamese, who had anti-American er ry evdtheroan should be ruled This time, anti-Americanism 1s) 8: a dominant theme. Ironically, it is the single During the bloody -- of|most decisive force in Vietna- 1963, the Buddhists headed ajmese Buddhism, too. The two political drive against Roman|top monks in South Viet Nam ame per ae Dinh a Tam Cahu, a North iem. e United States sup-| Vietnamese, i eed the Diem regime until | Quang, a Atal ee ly its --_ couple of agg ow ~~ of the oe dozen 7 oe anti-American signs gan \leading monks also are either appear at Buddhist demonstra-|northern or central Vietnamese tions. The' Buddhist movement has After the army coup of Nov. |never had militant power in the 1, 1963, in which Diem was|populous Mekong River delta, | overthrown and slain, relations : between the Buddhist leaders| GAINED POPULARITY .. Americans improved, but] The loose structure of the) -~ on heey fag Mee |Buddhist organization, the| The Buddhists objected to|Y@gueness of its programs, and/| most new national governments. lits lack of regional identity with | America had to support such|the South Vietnamese people gavernments, and tensions be-|Would probably have doomed it] tween Buddhist organizers and|t© political obscurity, if it had| icans mounted. not been for Diem's attempts ee to subdue them. MONK SOUGHT REFUGE Since 1963, the Buddhist or-| In 1963, the Buddhist political | ganization has kept itself pow-| movement was an underground jerful by maintaining its image! , organization in which commu-|as the defender of the people. | nications were whispered in|Buddhist leaders have been back alleys and monks did their|sensitive to popular pressures| planning in secret cells injin their congregations, and| slums. Only the howerful monk quick to pick up popular| Thich Tri Quang remained st themes | large to direct activities, and he| There is real danger when was quickly forced to take ref-|/Buddhist pressure turns di- uge at the U.S. embassy from|rectly against the American Diem's police. presence here, as it now ap- All that changed after the Pears to have done. coup that ousted Diem, Leading| Vietnamese women are often monks such as Thich (Thich Offended by well-meaning but means venerable) Tri Quang) 'ude U-S. soldiers in the streets. and Thich Tam Chau now tray-| 49d when an agitator tells a} elled by limousine and plane|Buddhist crowd that the quar- rather than bicycle-taxi. ter-million American troops are No politician or government all eating steak every day and leader could ignore them. thereby depleting the nation of South Viet Nam was without meat, the crowd believes it. | a constitution or legislature and pene ee U.S. free import without any legal basis tories at A og aoiet ts forming a government at all. In| helieve the worst enameled | this vacuum, the Buddhist hier- | Apis ; archy has served almost as a ims a BIG SEWAGE (Continued From Page 7) about half. Others are oper- ating on a part-time basis. While there is not unanimity that foul water is whoiiy re- sponsible -- some blame over- fishing -- most authorities agree. that nollution is at least a major culprit. At any rate, such desirable catches as cisco, walleye, whitefish and pike have virtually disap- peared coincident with a growth of more primitive forms of aquatic life and less valuable but hardier fish such as perch and smelt. "I don't know that we can ever bring them back," says Dr. George B. Langford, di- rector of the University of Toronto's Great Lakes Insti- tute, The institute does re- search on lake waters and Dr. Langford has been a loud-- and solo -- voice calling for action against pollution for a half dozen years. "These changes may not be reversible," he says. "I hope we can stop the spread of pollution, but it's getting worse at an alarming rate." What mankind has come up against, particularly in Lake Erie, is a partially self - per- petuating situation. The tech- nical name for it is eutrophi- cation--a word that's going to be heard a lot around the lakes from now on -- and it is the process that starts when a body of water gets over- loaded with nutrients such as pour out of municipal and in- dustrial discharge systems. Primeval - type water growths such as algae multi- ply enormously on the rich diet of phosphates and ni- trates, using up oxygen to do it. When they die, they sink to the bottom of the lake. Mic- roscopic organisms feed on them, using more oxygen. And this process releases from the bottom more food that becomes available for the same cycle of growth and de- cay BECOMES SELF - STARTING Somewhere along the line-- and no one is sure just where --there comes a point of no return where the process does not need any more man-made food and perhaps cannot be stopped from expanding. Prof. R. R. Langford of the University of Toronto's zool- ogy department has said that the western basin of Lake Erie--where the deterioration has gone farthest--probably has already reached this point. W. Q. Kehr, project director for an intensive study of pollu- tion in Lake Michigan for the U.S, Public Health Service, has stated that unless a satis- factory method can be found for dealing with soluble salts in its water within 10 years, there could be parts of that wholly - American lake irre- trievably lost so far as water quality is concerned, Ironically, a saving feature for Lake Michigan has been the celebrated "Chicago diver- sion" by which Chicago draws 3,000 cubic feet of water a second out of the lake and uses it to flush drainage down the Mississippi River system. Canadian and American navi- gation, power and lakeshore interests have objected to the diversion for years. In the other two lakes--Su- charged openly with being too close to the Americans -- a charge that has proved fatal to many: a politician in the past, and which puts teeth in the North Vietnamese insult: "Lackey of the imperialists." KICKS BACK perior and Huron--no pollution problems have appeared to date. Both are of huge area and their shores relatively un- populated. BLOOMED SUDDENLY When eutrophication struck on Lake Erie, it followed its ustal course Of building ~up- without noticeable signals and then bursting into full bloom. In September of 1964 about 800 square miles of the lake were found covered with a thick mat of green, slimy algae. One observer described the consistency as that of full-bod- ied pea soup. In Lake Ontario, some 43 miles of shoreline between Toronto and Presqu'ile on the north shore was littered and smelled up with algae, and last year it was found in the southeast section of the lake. Apart from hitting at fishing and recreation; the growths have cluttered up filters of in- dustrial and municipal water plants, 1owered waterfront property values, interfered with manufacture of some in- dustrial products and gener- ally offered a threat to a valuable water resource. "Tf it goes on," Dr. George Langford says, "'there will be large areas where the water will be valueless for most pur- poses without going through an expensive purification like that needed to make sea wa- ter usable. I don't know how long it will take to get to that point." No one has yet put a dol- lars-and-cents figure on the size of the problem. But it's big and growing bigger, par- ticularly on Lake Erie. The critical position on this lake comes about because it is the smallest In volume and shallowest and has been ab- sorbing waste from a heavy concentration of American population and industry in such cities as Detroit, Cleve- land and Toledo as well as a half dozen major -- and pol- luted--rivers. Canada's con- tribution to the situation is only about five per cent. POURS IN TONS : Daily the American side of the Detroit River pours into Lake Erie 7,000,000 pounds of solids that settle to the bot- tom plus 500,000 pounds of dis- solved phosphates and nitro- gen--the algae fertilizers. A U.S. government report paints a similar 'picture for other American rivers drain- ing into the lake. 'The Buf- falo LieeY under normal conditions," it says, "'is vir- tually a giant cesspool." Oth- ers sound not much better. It has been estimated that we in Windsor," sayd Dr. J. A. Vance, chairman of the Ontario Water Resources Commission, a provincial gov- ernment agency. Windsor, across the channel from De- troit, still dumps untreated into Lake Erie much of the sewage from 200,000 people. Lake Ontario's probiem, to the extent that it has de- veloped, is primarily a Cana- dian - created one from the tion on its north side, though some pollution slops past Ni- agara Falls from Lake Erie. However, the International Joint Commission observes that Lake Ontario "'does not show at present the same critical conditions" as Lake Erie. ' Toronto is the biggest city on this lake, and Dr. Vance says it is a leader in well- managed treatment of sewage. Dr. Langford is less just to clean up the Detroit enthusiastic; he calls the Don River, flowing through Tor- mess would take $1,000,000,000 and 10 years. "Detroit has been dragging its heels, but then so have onto, an open sewer, main concentration of popula-" "While the Lake Ontario situation is not so serious as Erie's,"' he says, "'it is fraught with problems. Beautiful sandy beaches are covered with green scum that rots and stinks. In the Bay of Quinte special filters are needed to keep algae out of water sup- plies." Low lake levels'of the iast few years have worsened the situation by leaving less water available to flush away con- taminants. But this is not a major factor. The lakes' con- tents settle into definite strata so that the moving water just washes over the top. Thus the current rise in lake levels-- while helpful for navigation and recreation -- is not ex- pected to rinse out much pol- lution. Working in the opposite di- rection is a proliferation: of chemicals--edible or harmful --from many sources. Ex- amples are highway salt, ag- riculture's fertilizers, weed- REASONS to fly to Europe this summer BOAC offers you 29 excellent reasons why you should fly to Europe this summer -- a re- cord number of 29 trans- atlantic flights from Toronto, There's sure to be one to fit with your travel plans. Jet direct to London by magni- ficent BOAC Rolls-Royce 707 or Air Canada giant DC-8 jet, From April 1 transatlantic fares are the lowest ever. (Example: 21-day Economy Excursion Toronto - Rome will cost you only $465* re- turn--a saving of $40.) Come to think of it, that's another good reason. That makes 30! See your Travel Agent. He'll give you several more. "Subject to government approval. =" BOAC BRITISH OVERSEAS AIRWAYS CORPORATION WITH AIR CANADA 2nd BIG WEEK Adult Enterteinment as MATT HELM } +} THE SiLENCERS AMEADWAY-CLAUDE production COLUMBIACOLOR a. BAY RIDGES DRIVE-IN THEATRE Mwy. No. 2 Block East of Liverpool Road FREE IN-CAR HEATERS CHILDREN FREE ADULTS 1.50 THE SILENCERS AT 7:30 & 11:26 PIRATES OF BLOOD RIVER at 10:00 LAST COMPLETE SHOW AT 10:00 LAST DAY= JAMES STEWART in |"PLIGHT OF THE PHOENIX" APRIL 9 & 10 ONLY IN TECHNICOLOR promi) or emcne Pmateted ge a oer KURT UNGER * DANIEL MANN - JOHN MICHAEL HAYES - LAWRENCE The supreme suspense of a woman wronged beyond words, almost beyond revenge... ty OURRELL . SOL KARLAR TOMORROW [==2 & FAMOUS PLAYERS THEATRE | THE OSHAWA TIMES, Tuesdey, April 12, 1966 47 killers and insecticides; de- tergen' household washes, ts from millions of and the massive quantities of acids, cyanides and other chemicals discarded by industry. DIRECT FROM ITS PREMIERE SHOWINGS, SPECIAL ENGAGEMENT AT SPECIAL PRICES, NO RESERVED SEATS, NOW EVERYONE CAN SEE LOVERLY MOTION PICTURE iF HLT my, Fai LaDy. Winner of 8 a TECHNICOLOR® a J PLAZA '© Academy Awards including Best Picture, AUDREY HEPBURN -REX HARRISON SUPER PANAVISION"70- FROM WARNER BROS. J° | tolinig 4 SHOWS DAILY -- 12:00 -- 3 -- 6 -- 9 P.M. SUNDAY -- 2-- 5 -- 8 P.M. ADULTS $1.50 CHILDREN 50c SORRY -- NO ADVANCE TICKET SALE condi marl Sey ment has) most middle-class Vietnamese. | The top monks have fre- SHARE VIET CONG VIEWS quently said they would not| The similarity between accept formal government posts| Viet Cong and Buddhist propa-| themselves. But they have|ganda lines lately has- struck) made it clear they want to be|almost all observers. No one consulted on any major changes has yet offered proof that any in government. [responsible Buddhist leader was Despite the street battles that| Working with the Viet Cong, but have sometimes erupted be- | their programs frequently dove) tween Buddhists and Catholics, | 'ail. ' | there has never been a basic| Meanwhile, in the country-| religious conflict between fol-|Side, non-combatants are being lowers of the two faiths here, |Killed at a staggering rate by Catholic and Buddhist anti-gov-|attillery and: air bombardment. ernment extremists have some-|Representative Clement Zab- times joined to bring down goy-|!ocki, a Wisconsin Democrat, ernments. |said recently he believed two civilians were being killed by 10 PER CENT CATHOLIC U.S. forces and their allies for it is generally accepted thatjevery Viet Cong killed about 10 per cent of South Viet} Against this background,} Nam's population is Roman|American popularity in Viet Catholic and that perhaps 70 per|Nam has reached possibly its cent are at least nominal Bud-/lowest point in history. dhists or in related religions.| Ky flew to Honolulu to meet} The Hoa Hao and Cao Dai sects|President Johnson two months | claim 1,000,000 followers. There|ago, and the two leaders issued) also are Protestant Christians. |a determined joint communi-| Normally followers of all/que these faiths get along with one! Many Vietnamese were an-} another, ahd religious fanati-|gry. Some said Ky was dancing| eism is rare im thig country, 'te the American tune. Ky was! HELD OVER BLUE HORSE LOUNGE The Entertaining Pat Brady Trio Pat Brady mans the steel guitar, Bill Cannaway will be on drums, and Al Pomanti on accordion. The Pat Brady Trio was here about a year ago. -- at the -- HOTEL LANCASTER "The Friendly Spot' AGES valuable experience as awa Times BOY It's an interesting job for every young per- son who wants te make his or her own spending money. - I Name I ! School Address 'eg a ae Othe | 3 soonas a route. is i, MAKE Us 10 to 14 You can earn money and gain CARRIER. APPLICATIO Your Application will be considered APPLICATION NOW! CALLING ALL on Osh- « eee eee ere ese eee openin your saree. 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