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She Oshawa Times Published by Canadian Newspapers Limited 86 King St. E., Oshawa, Ontario 1. L. Wilson, Publisher TUESDAY, APRIL 26 -- PAGE 4 Negotiations As Distant As Ever In Viet Nam Chief spokesmen of the Johnson administration continue to defend U.S. policy in Viet Nam before the Senate foreign relations committee on behalf of the $917,000,000 mili- tary assistance program. proposed by President Johnson. Secretary of State Dean Rusk talks in riddles and Defence Secretary Robert Mc- Namara is bluntly belligerent. And negotiations seem as far away as ever. Mr. Rusk qualified the adminis- tration stance of official unconcern if the South Vietnamese want to odopt a policy of cold-war "nonalign- ment" (neutrality) with the stipu- lation that the choice of nonalign- ment must be on the decision of the South Vietnamese and not forced under pressure by the North Viet- namese. It is a stipulation that gives the U.S. plenty of room for manoeuvre. The secretary of one dependable newspaper source put it, "professionally serene". He was also, the report said, bland, articulate and unflappable as he testified. Richard L. Strout, writ- ing in the Christian Science Moni- tor, notes that, theoretically, Mr. Rusk was testifying to endorse the pending $3,386,000,000 foreign-aid bill ($2,469 million foreign econom- ic assistance; $917 million military assistance) of which $550 million economic aid will go to Viet Nam, Mr. Strout adds dryly that "after his 39-page text, any reference to foreign aid was largely coinciden- tal". Testifying later, state was, as Mr. McNamara vehemently denied there was any A Revolution Brewing There's a revolution brewing on Parliament Hill. This is the word from Blair Fraser, veteran observer of Canada's federal scene. The general crisis of leadership is not confined to the two major parties nor is it confined to the per- sonal hostility between the two el- derly leaders. It's the revolt in all parties of the young against the old, She Oshawa Times €. C, PRINCE, Cc. J, McCONECHY, The Oshawa Times combi Editor e Oshawa Times Gazette and shed daily {Sundays and Statutary holidays excepted), Mambers of Canadian Daily Newspaper Publis ars Association, The Canadian Press, Audit B tf Circulation and the Ontario Provincial Association, The Canadia is exclusively entitled to the use of re tion of all news despatched in the paper c it or to The Associated Press or Reu d also the local news published therein AI rights of special des- cotches are also reserved Offices:. Thomson . Bu 425 University Avenue, Torento, Ontario; nea Cathcart Street, Montreal, P.Q. SUSCRIPTION RATES Sow j , "Maple Grove ~iverpoo!, Taunton, Tyrone Orono, Leskard, Brou hem & 4 Menchester, Pontypoo vd Newcastle not over SOc per week. By mail in Province of Ontario gutside corrier delivery -- $15 00 per Other provinces and $18.00 per yeor, U.S.A, yeor. 'Hame i untries, 'and foreign. $27.00 per Reece bomb shortage as has been charged; that the administration is not mis- managing the war effort and warn- ed that the war will probably inten- sify in the weeks ahead. The U.S., he declared, is well prepared for military. operations and will con- tinue heavy air operations in the future. "We have 628,000 tons of bombs planned to be dropped in 1966", he told the committee. Not ready to drop, that is,-but planned. Mr. McNamara was reminded by committee chairman Senator J. W. Fulbright that such might has al- ways led nations that possessed i to arrogance -- and eventually to war. Every country has believed that God was on its side when it waged war, he commented. Mr. McNamara did not think that God has been brought into present mili- tary efforts. Perhaps not, The Guelph Mercury drawing attention to U.S, papers reecntly.. One showed U.S. marines kneeling in prayer on the beach at Danang before moving to battle stations. The other showed a Vietnamese mother huddled over her young daughter while another daughter lay close by. They were hiding from sniper fire as opposing groups battled around them. Their faces mirrored the terror in their hearts. This mother probably pray- ed, too. As Mr. McNamara prepares to drop his 638,000 tons of bombs and the spectre of World War III looms larger than ever on man's horizon, we suspect a great many will turn to prayer. It seems the the only thing left for them to do. says people he says in the current issue of Mac- lean's magazine. Many of Ottawa's frustrated young MPs, Fraser, believe there is nothing wrong with Parlia- ment that couldn't be fixed by throwing out the old guard. And their patience is running thin. Representing the rebel genera- tion are men like 34-year-old Pat Nowlan for the Conservatives and 36-year-old John Turner, youngest member of -the Pearson cabinet. "The trouble with Parliament is that the men who dominate it are representatives of a minority gen- eration," Nowlan told a_ student group not long ago. "Parliament is still shackled by the disputes of 30 years ago." Turner views:: "Par- laiment doesn't seem to be able to digest the new contemporary ideas that should be converted into legis- lation," The young MPs would like to see work tonarlia- says has similar more turned. over mentary committees staffed by ex- perts but their complaints are re- Jated to Parliament's habits, tradi- tions and preoccupations with old grudges. "Who cares who insulted whom in 1962?" said one MP. WARMTH REPLACES BITTERNESS OTTAWA REPORT Backing Queried Of War In Africa By PAT NICHOLSON' - OTTAWA -- Andrew Brewin, New Democrat MP for Toronto- Greenwood, recently asked in Parliament for the assurance of the government that Canada "will lend all necessary support, diplomatic and otherwise, even including the use of force" to the economic sanctions against Rhodesia. Do Canadians wish to become involved in a war in Africa? Because war is what is meant by "the use of force." Would we be sure of the rightness of our Cause in such a war? We hear much about the wickedness of the white Rhode- sians, just as from the same sort of pleaders we hear much about the wickeness of the whites in Mississippi and of the Yankees ih Viet Nam. The white Canadians have not got such a good name among the would-be colored immigrants, or even among our own Indians. Can we be sure about Rhodesia? I don't know, but the question has been raised in my mind by a letter just received from that troubled country. Without com- ment, I quote parts "It is a great pity that people seem to know very little, where the African is concerned, of what is being done. And yet we are doing so much. People tend to forget, for example, that in only 75 years, through educa- tion, medicine and the main- tenance of law and order, Eu- ropeans have raised the African population in Rhodesia from 300,000 to 4,000,000. They forget that there are countries among our critics which wiped out their own colored population. If we had done the same, we would have no problems now. It seems so unfair that we should be punished for our humanity. WELFARE STATE 'Europeans here pay over 90 per cent of the general taxes, and it is this money which pays for African schools, hospitals and so on. Some 230,000 Euro- peans thus provide not only for wa | themselves, but for 4,000,000 Africans. Everything the Afri- can has today in Rhodesia is due to the European. For ex- ample, his education is far bet- ter than in any of the black African states. Rhodesia has one in six of its total population at school; by contrast, Liberia has one in 40, Mali one in 61, and Ethiopia one in 108. "We pay higher wages than the black African states too. The average African wage in Rhodesia is $375 a year; in Kenya it is $96, in Tanzania $54 and in Malawi $51. Of course many Africans earn more than $375. This figure is only an average and many of them earn well over $3,000. Africans employed) by the government receive exactly the same pay as Europeans with the same jobs and qualifica- tions. African wages here are rising three times as fast as those of Europeans. Our neigh- bors know this: we have 500,000 foreign Africans--one-eighth of the total African population-- working here. They surely wouldn't be here unless they preferred it. LEAD IN HEALTH "We are particularly proud of our health facilities for Afri- cans. We have one hospital bed for every 330 people; Ghana has one for every 1,100, Liberia one for every 4,000. We have one doctor for every 7,300 peo- ple; Ghana has one for every 18,172 and Liberia one for every 25,700. "If you have an open mind, you will agree that we have done a great deal for our Afri- can people. We intend to con- tinue living in Rhodesia, and we know that we can only do this if we take the African people along with us. But we. will not be bullied by sanctions. Please do what you can to try to stop this madness." One question poses itself, Dur- ing the past 75 years, have white Canadians enabled our Indian population to grow thir- teenfold? Fo. pas canebrtaimencanalliabes Support, Quiet But Firm, Of Birth Control, U.S. Policy By ARCH MacKENZIE WASHINGTON (CP)--Quietly but firmly, support of birth con- trol has become official United States policy--abroad and at home. It is cushioned to avoid as much as possible conflict with the Roman Catholic Church. In the space of less than three years there has been a revolu- tion from the White House down on a topic once politically taboo. The motives are three-fold --Abroad, to stem surging population growth. This could give undeveloped countries a better chance to help them- selves meet their urgent food needs. --At home, to reduce the population growth rate among the poor, where growth is fastest. --At home, to publicize the fact that while the U.S. birth rate is comparatively low, U.S. space and resources are far from limited PUSHED BY LBJ President Johnson made four public references to. birth con- trol in 1965 and so far in 1966 has mentioned it 16 times. On March 1 in a health mes- Sage to Congress, he said: "'It is essential that all families have access to information and services that will allow freedom to choose the number and spac- ing of their children within the dictates of individual cons- cience. bs More-than-$0-states-now---pre vide birth control information and devices, compared with fewer than 15 two years ago The federal department of health, education and welfare is spending about $2,000,000 on re- search affecting human fertility controls -- double the 1965 amount. The spending for fam- ily planning services this vear is more than $3,000,000, against $2,000,000 last year. These serv- ices will be available. for the wed and unwed who ask for them. The anti-poverty program has stepped up its spending for birth-control deyices and the pill. The issue, under the title The Population Challenge, is the subject of the conservation year- book just put out by. the inter- ior department. A y publi- cation stuffed with pictures of the American outdoors heritage and man-made blight, it con- tains this foreward by Interior Secretary Stewart Udall: "The challenge is that of a Soaring population, a shrinking allotment of space per person, and the gathering storm of con- flict over how to apportion avai- lable space, how to stretch na- tural resources, how to pre- serve the quality of our environ- ment "The ity living in this country is over- population and we need a lot more public education on this subject.'"' The U.S. census bureau has projected an American popula- tion by the year 2010 of 438,000,- 000. It now is 195,000,000. Johnson told the United Na- tions in June, 1965: "Let us in all our lands... including this land face forthrd-g-htbytho-anultipl t bey los piyiwies glossy problems of our populations and seek the an- swers to this most profound challenge to the future of all the world. Let us act on the fact that $5 invested in population control is worth $100 invested in economic growth." multiplying AGEN EOOT AANA LAGASSE . CHINESE EQUIPMENT Pakistan Going All Out To Please Peking By RALPH Canadian Press KARACHI (CP) Pakistan has recently been going out of its way: to please An immediate reason may be that this country wants to offset the disappointment the Ct felt when Pakistani and Indian leaders accepted thc Soviet Un- ion's invitation to meet at Tash- kent after last year's border fighting In any case, there have various signs ine growing warmth of relations between China and Pakistan, two coun- tries that once displayed little but bitterness toward other. When Liu Shao-ct of the Chinese fF lic, and Foreign Minister \ shal Chen Yi arrived on z visit. March 26, officials ered there weren't flowers in Rawalpir ital, a Chinese Just thre istan chose public Dz and MiG-19s JOSEPH Correspondent China. inese been eacn chairman ople's Rey to d from China after the war with India. The fact that Pakistan had ac- quired such weapons had been a badly - kept secret and the government still won't say how many have been delivered. t hours before the parade, ident Ayub Khan appar- the y decided that displaying a by few of them would boost public morale. He was right. When the five T-57 tanks came trundling on to the parade ground at Raw- aipindi the crowd-went into ec- Stasy The when her tanks Liu happened pave MiG-19s flew over- Marshal Nur chief, lead- was to have made F-104 tched to the moment INDIAN PLANES BETTER ter he told lant In new men superior in to the faster iceded made half of her ] pla On electri too textiles and handicrafts, All this was intended to show that Pakistan was not left help- less pwhen the Western powers cut off arms aid to Pakistan after last September's hostilities Many acquisition of equipment the own with fact The parade fect of sending the nation into an appropriate delerium during Shao - him a dented for newspapers to find scribe the warmth o| between the Karathi, Stirred two weeks earlier the Chines trade exhibition, Tt went to see it idence of progress India and unaware of the Chinese had been unnerved India was building MiG--21s and light Soviet assistance. thus had the ef- Pakistanis chi's visit. Lahore of welcome unprece- foreign visitors and seemed at a loss suitable words to de- friendship two countries the interest was when © embassy arranged a If ousands who awed by ev- China has just a decade-and-a- revolut wer ion medicine machine Quality may tempt ent systems lation to Pakistanis know more about the other sys- tem, tung's How to be a Good Com- munist the tion was to boost trade China and to be trade importers ' commodities they from Implement than was high and prices were ine credibly low. 7" Almost nese offered a small quantity of the goods for sale and the low prices People sales window five they they way to the front and bought off as much as they could, it later double the original price. In a way, friendship, as a taunt, the Chi- an electric effect. queuing at the hours before due to open. When ruffians ciawed their had began were did, selling at a nearby bazaar for despite the display the' exhibition have been a subtle at- to compare two diverg- As though in invi- wanting to such works as Mao Tse- were also on display purpose of the exhibi- between Pakistan, it's likely successful. Karachi is the centre of the country and Saw a good many could import lower prices offered by tradi- China at those tional Western markets. greatest threat. to qual> CANADA'S STORY SOUVENIR OF FLORIDA mn SMM MN Spain Mapped Coast By BOB BOWMAN In 1790 Britain and Spain nearly went to war over the ownership of Vancouver Island. Spain backed down when Brit- ain sent out a huge fleet under the dreaded Admiral Howe. Spain also 'lost her strongest ally when France became em- broiled in the revolution. So Britain and Spain agreed to Share Vancouver Island equally. All was sweetness and light when Captain Vancouver ar- rived at the Strait of Juan de Fuca on April 26, 1792. Some- how he missed the entrance to the Fraser River although he noted the muddy water flowing into the gulf. Then he went on to survey the coast and met some of the leading Spanish explorers af what is now called Spanish Banks, a popular beach in the city of Vancouver. Vancouver and the +e mapping the hey got along well They exchanged information about their experiences. Some com- plications arose about repara- tions Spain. was supposed to pay for destroying the British base at Nootka, the cause of the trouble two years before. The senior Spanish officer was Bodegay Qunara, commandant of the Spanish base at San Blas. As they could not agree Vancouver and Quadra decided to send the problems back, to their governments for further instructions. The meeting was so friendly and co-operative that Quadra asked Vancouver to name some Captain Spaniards coast, and.t together. notes, and TODAY IN HISTORY THE CANADIAN PRESS April 26, 1966... The Pazzi Conspiracy against the Medici family of Florence came into the open 488 years ago today--in 1478 --when the two senior Med- ici brothers were stabbed while attending high mass in the cathedral. The younger was killed but Lo- renzo, Called "the Magnifi- cent," escaped and took vengeance on the Pazzi fam- ily. Some members were hanged at the windows of their palace, others dragged to their death in the city streets. The pope, who was implicated in the Pazzi plot, declared war on Florence, but Lorenzo arranged a rec- onciliation and ruled the re- public unchallenged until his death in 1492. 1607--Captain John Smith landed at Jamestown, Va. 1942--1,549 men died in the world's worst mine dis- aster. at Honkeido, Man- churia. First World War Fifty years ago today--in 1916--Gen.. Alderson was re- lieved of command of the Canadian Corps; British troops' in Dublin occupied Liberty Hall and St. Steph- en's Green; French artillery was active at Verdun Second World War Twenty-five years ago to- day -- in 1941 German troops reached Thebes, 35 miles from Athens; German bombers raided the Liver- pool docks;. South African troops took 8,000 Ltalian prisoners at Dessie, Ethi- opie By important place after them, using both their names. So Captain Vancouver named Van- couver Island 'Quadra and Vancouver" and it appeared in that form for some time. Valdez and Galiano Islands are mementoes of the friend- ship among the British and Spanish explorers. The Quadra Club is a well-known social ren- dezvous in the city of Van- couver. A great many of the place names along the Pacific coast have interesting stories behind them. Some of them are named after race horses. The British officers and sailors on explora- tion would have bets on races " in the homeland. It took a year to get the results, but a happy winner would name an island or a bay after the horse on which he had bet. OTHER EVI S APRIL 26 1610--Champlain arrived at Tadoussac on fourth voy- age to Canada 1871--Beginning of flood of sett- lers. to Manitoba and prairies 1900--Bad fire caused $10 mil- lion damage in Ottawa and Hull 1955--Federal - provincial con- ference opened on unem- ployment relief 1959--Fidel Castro visited Mont- real 'Time Runs Out For Fidel', Says student Of His Cuba By ROD CURRIE NEW YORK (CP) -- Edwin Tetlow has had his eye on Cuba ever since he was dispatched there on a rather light-hearted assignment by his London ed- itor, and ended up covering the conquest of Fidel Castro. As New York correspondent for The Daily Telegraph of Lon- don, he was sent to Cuba in De- cember, 1958, to describe how carefree Havana celebrated the New Year amid the growing threat from "a gang of bearded tatterdemalions" in the hills. "Don't write too much," was the admonition from London. Next day, at 8 a.m., news broke that rocked Cuba and stunned the rest of the unsus- pecting world--dictator Fulgen- cio Batista and 40 members. of his family and friends had fled. His game was up, "The old order had passed in the night, and the new had not yet taken over,"' recalls Tetlow, And his London editor was "cla- moring for every word I could bellow into the telephone line under the Atlantic between Ha- vana and London." It was on the basis of this for- tunate view of history in the making and a dozen other trips to Cuba, the last in July, 1965, that Tetlow, a journalist with a keen eye for the telling tiny in- cident as well as the more pon- derous political developments, has written Eye On Cuba, pub- lished here April 20. The book will be available for distribution in Canada by Long- man's shortly. TIME RUNNING OUT As Tetlow himself puts it, his "theme is that the revolution and Castro were pure in incep- tion and conception but were corrupted by world commu- nism,"' His major conclusion is that "time is running out for Fidel Castro." Tetlow becomes somewhat preoccupied with his own theory that Castro--"an unrealistic po- litical amateur' --was not a Communist at the time he ar- rived victorious in Havana. He was seduced, Tetlow believes, in the early days of his regime by known Communist lieuten- ants, notably his half - brother Raul and the more level-headed but mysterious Ernesto (Che) Guevara, who has since disap- peared. "Only Guevara, the Argen- tine politician-soldier of fortune, knew where he was going and where he was trying to take the revolution." As for Castro, "he was ex- actly what he said he was," a patriot dedicated to ridding his country once and for all of corrupt dictatorship tied with economic bondage to the U.S. He was a visionary seeking to give his people a new life of in- dependence through his creed of humanism, which, "as nearly as his imprecise and a political mind would allow," meant a policy of do-good socialism. For the most part, Tetlow's story is in the first-person and it is the little asides with Cub- ans, observations of the chang- ing mood. of. the people, recol- lections of his meetings with Castro that bring intimate, sometimes humorous, relief to his weightier pronouncements. REAMES WS On .the broader scale, he blames U.S. ineptness for much of the 'conflict before, during and since the revolution--Amer- ican policy was "never ruthless enough." Because the overthrow came long before anyone expected it would, he finds some excuse for the Eisenhower administration for being bewildered in the early days, but suggests the U.S. should have regained its composure and dealt more firmly with Castro long before he got out of hand. | Castro's sagging stature was buoyed tremendously by the Bay of Pigs invasion fiasco and "if President Kennedy and his advisers had really possessed Castro revolution and let the consequences go hang they could have done so easily and without much further blood- shed." As for Russia, Cuba has long since become a heavy financial and political burden. Far re- moved geographically from the centre of communism, once Castro begins to wobble -- as Tetlow believes he will--the So- viet Union cannot save him. The author presents his book. as an interim history of "a neu- tral in this purely inter-Amcri- can drama."' But some readers will no doubt question the spirit of his neutrality in his assertion that the U.S. was never ruth- less' enough And, although he Castro revolution was justified in its.origins, he be- trays in almost every turn of phrase a distaste for the Com- munist principals of the drama --Khrushchey and Castro "the senior and junior bandit;"' the "sly, calculating and evasive" Rau! Castro Although the fine chronology insists the entirely QUEEN'S PARK Medicare Interest Lagging BY DON O'HEARN 3 TORONTO--The initial regis- tration for OMSIP hasn't been up to expectations As the first registration pe- riod heads for its final days the number of applicants has been considerably lower than it had been estimated. Those who don't enroll will have to wait for three months before they can get medical in- surance jn the future. Officials don't give any exe planation for the slow response. It seems probable, however, that a lack of knowledge of the program on the pait of the pub- lic could be the main reason. There has been an elaborate promotion and advertising cam- paign for the insurance pro- gram. But still there doesn't seem to be too much public awareness of it. LACK KNOWLEDGE The writer, in talking to vari- ous people, and particularly to people who would qualify. for government assistance, has found they apparently don't have much knowledge of the plan. And they therefore haven't sent in applications. The government has a taken a logical, and far from unex- pected, action in announcing it will appoint a select committee to study election procedures. The trend today, as has been noted here before, is one of dissatisfaction with old election procedures, This has already been organ- ized in Quebec, where there' is now payment of expenses out of election funds, and in Ot- tawa where a study is underway of procedures. It was logical should also set changes. All was a spark, This was provided by the charges of New Democrat Ken- neth Bryden dealing with alleged influence peddling in the case of Melcher's Distillery, CHARGE COVER-UP It will be charged that Pre- mier John Robarts is appoint- ing an elections committee as a cover-up for the Melcher's allegations. The committee ap- pointment prill tend to take a lot of the pressure off the pre- mier for not ordering an inquiry into the Melcher's incident. At the same time, however, the election study is the basic necd. The charges in the Melcher's situation centred on_ political funl-raising, Everyone knows the funds raising methods are unde- sirable. They are the main rea- son for the existing public dissatisfaction. A Melcher's in- quiry would have made public some of these methods. But they would have been identified by the public with only the Conservative party. As at least the Liberals have fol- lowed the same methods, an in- quiry wouldn't have presented a fair picture, or a proper pice ture. that Ontario out to make that was needed | POINTED PARAGRAPHS The reason delegates at a dis- armament conference never make any progress is that they are unable to disarm suspicion. Pope Embraces. Anglican Leader. -- Headline. The accel- erating ecumenical movement causes one to wonder if religion isn't losing its sects appeal. An increasing number of peo- ple here, there and yonder are becoming victims of the epi- demic of saucer-seeing which broke out with a bang some days ago. Man Dies Following 3,000-Ft, Fall Off Mountain. -- Headline. Falling off a mountain is ine variably hard on the constitu- tion and should be avoided. of events makes _ interesting reading, and Tetlow shows great skill as a reporter, it is limited in that after all it is but a personal opinion of what hap- pened and is likely to happen. And, as Tetlow indeed says himself, it-is but an "interim" report on history still in the making, the finish yet to be written, No mistake with steak Cresta Roja is a deliciously medium dry red table wine made from French hybrid grapes grown in Niagara. --) Brigits,_ ------o - BLE WINE RD TALE DRY. r