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^c ♦ WHAT I S TBI LIBEBTY?] Where Do We Find the Greatest Freedom In This Sin Bound World. THE S. S. LESSON I?<TERT«AT10NAL LESSON, J LLY 25. Paul's Second Missionary Journey â€"(Cont'd.) Athens. Acts 17: 16-24. Golden Text, John 4: 24. . Athens in St. Paul's Day. Driven from Beiea, as we learned in our last lesson, Paul came to Athens in Greece. As he walked from the Piraeus, where he lauded, along the new road to the ciiy, be saw raised at intervals altars to the unknown gods. As the city of Athens came into his view his soul must have been thrilled with the deepest emotions. He had seen Jersualem, the most influenual city in the world for re- ligion ; he longed to go to Rome, which stood above all others in power, in law, in imperial sway, the capital of the world ; but now he was to gaze upon the city which then stood and still stands en- throned above all others for in- tellectual supremacy, for litera- ture, art, architecture, and phil- osophy. Its situation was one of the most beautiful in the world. Within its wans rose a double group of hills. Ttie Acropolis, Mars' Hill (Areo- pagus), The Pnyx on which De- mosthenes spoke his orations, the Museum Hill, the Hill of the Nymphs, all crowned with buildings of the most perfect architecture. Below these were the market, the forum, the great square south of the Areopagus, and the Acropolis, like the piazza or square of St. Mark's at Venice, surrounded by the most beautiful buildings and busiest stores in the city. II. Paul Begins His Work in Athens.â€" Vs. 16-21. While Paul waited for Silas and Timothy to come from Berea, before proceeding farther, or beginning special work in a new aud peculiar field, his spirit was stirred in him, "urged on with a sharp goad," to give the gospel to a city wholly given to idolatry. His work was with four classes of persons. 1. The Jews. He went first to the synagogue, as was his usual custom, and reasoned, discoursed, conversed (not disputed) with them. 2. Devout persons, proselytes to the Jewish religion, who accepted the Scriptures, and believed iu the one true God. 3. Epicurean Philo.sophers, dis- ciples of Epicurus, known as "The School of the Garden." Their teaching was that the object of liv- ing was pleasure, enjoyment in the broatiest sense including the whole of life, in which teaching there was some truth. But in Paul's time, in spite of the safe- guards of Epicurus, his teaching de- generated "into a mere series of prudential calculations or a mere indulgence of the senses and ap- petitL's" ; and "his followers were given to gross sensualism." 4. The Stoics, whose school was called the Porch an dthe Academy. Thc-y were v)anth<'ists believing that God was the soul uf the world, that everything was goveined liy fate, that thpic wus no )vrpetu.al Jndivi.l.K.l imn)u!'l;tHly. "Viiiuo was it."- c«'n rcwairl. .ind vice iti rr„n pi!Tii.Jii..:rt. P,eaiuro wjis no Being made tree from sin, ye be- came ttie servants of righteousness. â€" ilom. vi. 18. St. Paul speaks of the Romans OS of those who had been servants of sin, but had been delivered of this servitude and brought to the glorious liberty of the children of God. All that are born of the flcKh arc naturally pervants of sin. To acknowledge that is the beginning of true liberty. Owing to the fact that the servitude of sin wraps itself in the garb of liberty, it is not so easy to distinguish true and false liberty, and many are deceived by looking only at the outward appear- ance. True liberty is righteousness. Sin is offering all the kingdoms of the world and the glory of them to those who will fall down and wor- ship it, and many a miserable slave of sin bound in uncompromising servitude finds no time to seek the glorious liberty of the children of God, thinks himself free and in- dependent because sin allows him to sow to the flesh, to follow his natural inclinations and PASSIONS UNRESTRAINED. Though there is no law given to the justified, his love will limit the exercise of his freedom in much larger measure than could ever be attempted by law. Many a thing which no law forbids, which he is at liberty to partake, a Christian will not touch, bcc\use in his indi- vidual case it might harm body or soul in the course of time, or it might oftend a rellow believex. Christian liberty is not a license to do what we please, but a desire to do what is expedient. Nothing may hinder us from go- ing into a coal mine all dressed in white, but how we will come out again is a different question. Like- wise nothing may hinder us to walk in the counsel of the ungodly and stand in the way of sinners garbed in the white robe of Christ's righte- ousness, but who can tell how we will come backl That's v.hy St. Paul advises "See that ye walk cir- cumspectly, not as fools, but as wise," lest the golden crown of freedom be transformed into THE IRON CHAIN OF SIN. The greatest liberator and emanci- pator says, "If the Son therefore shall make you free, ye shall be free indeed." In Him who took upon Him the form of a servant, who became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross, that He might deliver us from all sins from death and from the power of the devil, we find true liberty, and the more we become like Him the more we be- come free from sin and servants of righteousness. May God help our people to strive after true liberty. REV. ERN ST A, TAPPER T^ good, and pain no evil." It is well to note the tenets of these philoso- phers in connection with Paul s address, to see how he answers thesn by h' â-  positive teaching. III. Paul's Address Before the University of Athens.â€" Vs. 22-31. A Gracious Introduction. 22. Ye men of Athens. The Athenians were proud of their city, and could be called by no higher title. Bo Demosthenes, the greatest orator in all history, addressed them. I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious. An unfortunate translation^f^not in accord with either Paul's courtesy or his skill as an orator, or as a Christian seek- ing to gain converts. The Greek means "more full of reverence for deities than the other Greeks, very religious," alluding to the gre^t number of idols in the city, and to the fact that the two great phil- osophical sects. Epicureans and Stoics, were deeply concerned with religious questions. IV. The Effects Produced by Paul's Address.â€" Vs. 32-34. 1. 32. Some mocked. The teaching seem- ed absurd to them. 2. Some refused to decide. We will hear thee again. Like Felix, they would wait for a more con- venient season. They could en- dure almost any strange theories, but when it came to giving up their sins, and to a change of life, they rebelled. 3. A few accepted the truth, re- pented, and became disciples of Je«us. 34. Dionysius the Areo- pagite, that is, a member of the learned council before whom Paul had preached. Damaris. Nothing further is known concerning her, but she must have been a woman of distinction and power. A church was founded here later, and the t'arthenon became a Christian temple. THE NEW CONSTANTINOPLE The City Is Cleared of Beggars and C'rimimils. Hopes for the future are brighter in the Turkish capital since Mah- mud Shevket Pasha's "army of lib- erators" have taken possession of the city. Constantinople has now been cleared of a host of beggars, tramps, burglars, and assassins, which had hitherto made the capital their home. Arson has ceased and the streets are safe. Even the police about the town are hardly recogniz- able, for, instead of the evil-look- ing, dirty man of recent times, one meets to-day a neatly-dressed offi- cial, who knows his duty and is re- spected by all. Even carriage drivers are feeling the change. Horses unfit for work may no longer be used, and the cab- men now find that they must feed their animals sufficiently if they want premission to ply for hire. In the argicultural provinces the roads and bridges are having at- tention. The mutinied First .\rmy Corps is being usefully employed, unarmed, in reconstructing the roads about Monastir and Salonica, a special credit of nearly $400,000 having been added to the budget for this purpose. The Ministry of Pub- lic Works has also in hand the pre- paration of an elaborate sclicnie for roads and railways throughout the country. Electric lighting and ' necessary railway lines will soon bo put in hand, giving work to the many unemployed, and encouraging the return of capital to Ibe impov- eiished empire. BABIES FLCNG INTO FIBE. Talcs of Terrible Sutrcrlug From Ctlicia. Correspondents of the Bible Lands Mission Aid Society have been sending in tales of the horrors in Cilicia during the recent massa- cres. One of the women from Kozo- look, an Armenian village to the north of Tarsus, gives the following account of her terrible experience at the hands of the Turks : â€" "There were forty-seven of us, men, women and children, who were taken by the mob as if to go to one of their villages ; other groups were driven in other directions. They nicrched us for hours on the moun- tains, with one pretext or another, till they brought us to a level place i ih^ Home **•* CANNING AND PRESERVING. To Make Peach Jelly. â€" Cook peaches and add a few of the ker- nels; when done strain. Then drop the white o' an egg in to clear, the same as making coffee. To one pint of peach liquor add one lemon, one pound of sugar. Dry and heat the sugar in a separate pan and let the peaoh liquor boil for twen- ty minutes, then add the hot sugar not far' from the Tarsus road. Here ' and let all boil only a few minutes, they debated whether they should This makes jelly same as other li- kill us. For a long time they threatened, and we besought them with tears and crying to spare us. They then said they must send to 'quors where otherwise peach li- quor will not jell. Chili Sauce. â€" Take five large on- ions, eight green peppers, and chop Tarsus for instructions; we gave | fine thirty ripe tomatoes cut in tablespoonfuls of butter, five table- spoonfuls vinegar, one tablespoon- ful of sugar. Cook in double boiler and season with pepper, salt and mustard to suit taste. Pour over tongue when cold and serve. HOUSEHOLD PESTS. Buffalo Bugs. â€" Allspice freely used will I'ill buffalo bugs. Ants. â€" Scatter bunches of sweet fern where ants collect. To Rid House of Flies.â€" Cut a piece of screen wire about four by six inches and get a piece of lath long enough so you can reach the ceiling with it. Fold one of the narrow sides of screen over one end of the lath and fasten with tacks. Now wait until the light is lit and they will all be on the ceil- ing. If you hit with a quick jerk iv will not harm the paper. Mignonette Drives Away Flies. â€" Mignonette is abhorred by dies, and in a room where pots of tl'.e flower are set no fly will linger fur a mo- ment. Now is the time to sow the setxls and for early blooming the money to one of them who was to â-  small pieces, five tablespoonfuls of j pots must be subjected to gentle go as messenger; what word he ^ brown sugar, three tablespoonfuls brought back, or whether re re- < f salt, eight cupfuls of vinegar, turned at all, I do not know. They j and boil all together two and a half at last told us they were going to | hours and bottle for use. kill us. Pieplant Marmalade. â€" Four "We were at the edge of a field pounds of pieplant, peeled and cut of wheat; they took us away into ' fine ; four pounds of sugar, six some bushes not far from a tere- binth tree, for they said the fire would hurt the wheat. They order- ed us to lie down on the ground in a row, with our heads to the west. We begged theiu to shoot us through the heart or the head, but they said they did not want to waste powder and ball on swine like us ; they would do the thing more cheap- ly. There was a great crowd of them. Four or five went at each uf us with swords and daggers, hacking our heads and breasts. I cannot get the shrieks out of my ears. I was badly wounded, but not killed. "Thej had made a great fire of dry bushes and now they threw us all dead and wounded, into it. My three little children had not been oranges, chopptKl fine, with the yel- low rinds of three grated ; one pound of almonds, blanched and chopped. Mix all together and cook until the pieplant is well done. Put into glasses with paraffin on top. This recipe makes twenty glasses. When Canning Pineapple. â€" Take pineapple and cut into one-half inch slices. Core each slice and then peel. By so doing time is saved and the eyes of the pineapple can easily be removed without any trouble. Leave in slices or cut each slice into small pie.:es and can as usual. Pineapple Hint. â€" Purchase a sharp razor. Then with a sharp carving knife cut the pineapple in- to slices about one-quarter or one- eighth of an inch thick. Then with killed : the men took my oldest and the razor peel the slices, taking out my youngest, a mere babe, and flung them into the flames, where they perished. I had my second child in my arms and we were thrown into the fire together. I at once scrambled out, though bad- ly burned, with the little one. I ran a short distance, and sat down, dazed and weeping. A Turk had pity on me and led me away, and a', last sent me here. My husband and thirty other members of our large family were killed." â€" « HEAVIEST Rl.NGlNG BELL. Tenor of the F-'ul in Exeter Cath- edral. Grandisson, the famous tenor of the peal of bells in Exeter Cathed- ral, has had a narrow escape from disaster, says the London Stand- ard. It was being rung during the Whitsuntide when a bolt which kept the clapper in position came out owing to the displacement of a pin. The result was that the clapper, \vhich weighs well on toward two hundred-eight, also came out and fell as the bell was swinging. A good stout floor prevented the clap- per from going into the ringing chamber below, where there were fifteen or sixteen ringers. The clap- per was knocked clear by the bell itself, and beyond slight chipping of the lip Grandisson suffered no damage. The bell is the heaviest used for ringing in the world, and has only once been rung single-handed through a peal, the ringer in that case being Mr. W. Pye, of London. Grandisson weighs seventy-two hundredweight, and if the stock be included something like four tons. The bells had not been rung for a twelvemonth, owing to repairs to the tower, and the present mishap is, therefore, particularly unfortu- nate. the eyes as you go along. There is no waste at all like there is with dull knives and pineapple snips, and such things. You can prepare three or four in this way in the time it used to take to prepare one in the old way. A good way to pro- tect the thumb in peeling any kind of fruit is to si'p the end of a fin- heat. Instead of flypapers and hor rible stic'Ky brown mixtures left about a room in glass dishes, what <t blessed resource as a deterrent to the irritating fly is the sweet, wholesome flower of mignonette. Mosquito Remedy. â€" One of the best methods of clearing a room of mosquitoes ami likewise moth mil lers : Put a p:ece of gum camphor on fire shovel and hold it over the lighted gas until it smokes â€" it should not blaze up, but blaze slow- ly enough to form a good smudge. The doors < f closets and the bureau drawers should be opened if one fears that the moth millers have found their way in. Also twenty drops of carbolic acid evaporated from a hot shovel will banish flies from a room. CARE OF FEET. Tired Feet â€" The best remedies for tired, sore, and painful feet are al- cohol, alum, boracic acid, salt, soda, talcum powder, and hot water. Burning Feet. â€" For burning feet dip them in hot water to which a little salt has been added. After this sponge with alcohol, letting the spirits evaporate without dry- ing. Keep Fet Cool. â€" Strive to keep the feet cool. Astringents and antiseptics like boracic acid. alc<j- hol, and alum usually give gratify- ger of an old ruuber glove over it. ; ing results if used persistently. Sweet Corn } ickles.â€" Take twelve j j\cw Shoe Help. â€" If one has on ears of com and cut grains from , new shoes away from homo or the the cob ; add one small head of cab- feet pain, they can be relieved by bage, one cupful of granulated j removing the shoes and letting the sugar, one teaspoonful of turP'er- feet rest until the pains cease. Then ic, four onions, two tablespoonfuls the feet may be swollen, but can of salt, two red peppers, one t^ible- Vj© crowded in the shoe for a rain- spoonful of ground mustard, one ] ute or two us long as one can stand tablespoonful of flour, and one the pain. Then remove the shoe WHY THEY MOVED. The Bingses, mother and daugh- ter, had long outstayed their wel- come at their country friend's house. Moreover ,they evinced no sign of going away, nor did the mother seem to be in any way af- fected by the strong hints to go which the overtaxed hostess drew out from time to time. Finally, forbearance exhausted, the enter- tainer decided to reach the mother through her daughter. So one day, calling the little visitor to her, she said, "Maimie, when do you ex- pect to go home?" "Oh, I'm sure I don't know," was the careless reply. We've several other places to stop at yet." "Well, when do you go on to the ne-xt place?" "Can't even tell that. Mamma says it's immaterial to her just when she'll leave here.' "But, my dear child," exclaimed the exasperated hostess, "doesn't your mother realize how costly liv- ing is these days ?" "Oh, yes; she knows how dear it is. That's why she left the city." "Well Maimie, I cannot afford to entertain visitors any longer, and 1 wish you'd tell your mother that at once !" "Is that an insult?'' rejoined the child, turning haughtily to the speaker. "Why do you ask that, child?" "Ije<'aufe when we're insulted w.? go on to the next place I" quart of vinegar. Chop all fine and cook about half an hour. Canned Cherries. â€" Stone the cherries without bruising, drain, weigh, and to each pound allow a pound of sugar ; add just enougn water to melt the sugar, bring to boiling point and skim. Put in the cherries and push to one side of the range where they may remain hot, but not boiling, for at least an hour ; then draw the kettle ever the fire and cook slowly until the cherries are transparent. Skim, drain, sprinkle sugar over them, and place in a sieve in the sun or in an oven to dry. This syrup will an- sw^er for the boiling of several pounds of cherries. Cucumber Catsup Without Cook- ing. â€" Grate the cucumbers and drain off the water through a col- ander; add six large onions chop- ped fine to a gallon of grated and drained cucumbers; add vinegar, salt, pepper (cayenne), and horse- radish to taste. Bottle it without cooking. PICNIC SANDWICHES. Sandwich Hint.â€" Keep your one pound baking powder cans, and when baking days come bake your bread for sandwiches in them. You then have dainty rounds when sliced for your sandwiches. Lettuce Sandwiches.â€" Butter the round bread and slL'e thin, put crisp lettuce leaves on each piece, sp-.-inkle with mayonnaisd, and press J it^-^es together. Potted Ham Sandwich.â€" Mix two well chopped pickles with potted ham and spiead on rounds of thin- ly sliied bread * Lemon Sandwich.â€" One-quarter cupful of sugar, one egg. one-quar- ter teaspoonful of Hour, one tea- spoonful of butter, juice of one le- mon. Cook all together until thick, let cool, and spread on rounds of buttered bread. Chicken Sandwich.â€" Take left- over pieces of chicken, remove all bones, put meat through food chop- per, mix with mayonnaise dressing and spread on round.s of bread. Peanut Sandwi<'h.â€" Put peanuts through finest knife of food chop- Iper, salt and mix with enough cream to make a paste. Sprea<l on thin rounds of buttered bread. P.anana Sandwich.- Mash ba- nanas and add a few drops of lemon juice. Sprea<l on buttered bread. 'These are delicious, but must be served at onee. Tongue Sandwiches. --Boil one large beef tongue. When cold cut in .â- 'inall dice. Cut in small pieces two heads of celerv and three hard boiled eggs. MIk all Uigcther. Dressino!â€" One-third cupful swr^t again until the foot feels rested, when it will be found the foot will slip quite easily into the shoe, which may be worn quite a while without pain. An envelope of talcum pow- der carried purposely and dusted in the shoe helps out wonderfully. HIS GREATEST TREASURE. A certain shepherd boy was keep- ing his sheep iu a flowery meadow, and because his heart was happy, he sang so loudly that the surround- ing hills echoed back his song. One morning the king, who was out hunting, spoke to him and said : "Why are you so happy, my boy ?'' "Why should I not be happy?" answert-d the boy. "Our king is not richer than I." "Indeed," said the king, "pray tell me of your great possessions.' The shepherd boy answered : "The sun in the bright blue sky shines as brightly upon nie as upon )he king. The flowers upon the mountain and the grass in the val- ley grow and bloom to gladden my sight as well as his. I would not (ake a hundred thousand dollars for ray hands ; my eyes are of more value than all the preeiou.s stones in the world. I have food and clothing, too. Am I not, there- fore, as rich as the king?" "You are right," said the king, with a smile, "but your great trea- sure is your contented heart. Keep It so, and you will always be happy." WHERE TO LIVE LONG. Yarmouth, England, is living up to the reputation Charles Dickens gave it when he advised the pur- chase <if an annuity and residence at Yarmouth to attain the age of Methuselah. Iho annual report of its medical officer of health, issue! recently, states that in 1908 the average rate of mortality wa,s much below the previous ten years and was two per thousand lower than the corrected average death rate for the seventy- six great tciwns. so that on its population of ."lO.OOO no fewer than 100 lives were saved last year as compared with the mortality in the (jountry gener.ally. THE WIDOW S CAP. The widow's cap is a survival of an old Roman custom. Widows were obliged to wear their weeds for ten months, and the bereaved woman shaved her head as a token of mourning. Naturally the widow could not very well appear in pub- lic with a bald head, so dainty caps were made in order to hide the dis- figurement. The (Up still remains. though the immediate necessity for cream, three eggs well beaten, tlirt o ' its existence has long pa-sed away. SPECS A CURE FOR CRIMEl THEORY OP DR. WILLIA.M H- RICHARDS OF NEW YORK. ' •I Has Put Glasses on Hundreds o: Offenders With Guud Results. Cain did not wear glasses. If he< had he might not have killed Abel.j A number of other catastrophesi might have been averted by the timely application of a pair of speo-j fades. If you want to reform ai criminal clap a pair of glasses on' him, for the chances are that de- fective physical vision has impaired his moral vi(?ws. Such is the theory of Dr William M. Richards of New York, and he hopes inside of a year to be able to back his theory witU statistics. POOR EYESIGHT LEADS TO CRIME. In compiling his statistics and in the search for subjects Dr. Rich- ards has visited several police c<urts, the Elmira iieformatory, the Magdalen Home and varioun other insiitutions. At the Elmira Reformatory he found that most of the boys were suffering from abnor- mal viiiion, that in the majority of cases poor eyesight had led to tru- ancy, truancy to bad compauionshif and that to crime. SPECTACLED MORALITY At the Magdalen Home he fitted glasses to twe.ity inmates, and everyone of these, he said, found work on getting out and kept it, One girl in particular had nevor been able to keep a job more than a few days. She was considered stupid and lazy. Since leaving the home two months ago wearing a pair of glasses she has been stead- ily employed by a firm of whol». aalers, and is still working thoro. At the time he examined her shej was unable to make out the largest typo on the lest card at a distance i)f four feet. Dr. Richards is now trying bin scheme on some 200 second offend- ers, burglars, hold-up men and grafters of various degrees, and he h<i|)es that if they do not lose their glasses they will be desirable citi' zens by the time they emerge front seclusion. PRESERVE YOlU TEETH. Good .'Vdviec From u Prominent Dental Snrgeon. One of our foremost dental sur- geons tells us that the rea8>:n why the present generation possesses such bad te4'th can only be attri- l)iitpd to the fact that the system of dietary is all wrong. Ho advises us to cat for break- fast bacon, or bacon and eggs, bak- ed or toasted breu/J, fresh fruit, and only drink tea or coffee whea you have finished your meal, not during its course. For lunch (jr dinner the surgeon ndivoses a meat of some sort, fol- lowed by a sweet pudding (if you must), and then fruit. For the last meal, meat, ship s biscuits and but- ter and an apple. It will surjirise you to hear that| he wholly ubjecto to farinae<-ou8j diets, such as porridge, wheat cakes, and the like, -f<jr the reason, he declares, that if not followed by a fruit diet, which cleanses the teeth from deposits of food-matter, the immediate consequence will be to deprive the digestive organai of their lubrici»y, with an ultimate| reaction occurring in the teeth. i The perfect tooth, without fis- sures, or clefts, or pits, is rarely found, except among children who have been very carefully waU-hed by their parents during their years o! rearing. Faulty molecular structure of the teeth is accentuated by the mis- chevious dietary of the child ••«n. Many little ones are allowed to grind up unlimited quantities ot hard bake when they have not long passed the teething stage.. As they grow oldei« in years, choco- lates are showered upon them and so the poor molars, are given no chance. Of all the foods which have a bad effect on the teeth, starch and sugar foods are the worst and those who have the care of children, or yrho are themselves addicted to eating' starch or sugar foods, should nevet omit to cleanse the teeth. Mastication is oiie of the condi-. tions necessary to a proper exer- cise of the digestive functions, and consequently to the attainment and preservation of perfect bodily health. When one eats soft food^s, it isi certain that little gastric juice isl produced, and if sugar forms a' main constituent of these foods, the quality of the juice exuded is very spec Mly vitiated. Vegetarians have i-arely good teeth, for the reason that their foods are not r)l sufficient hardness to produce a sufficient quantity of gastric fluid to lubricate the di- gestive organs properly. The con- sequence is the teeth soon show! signs of decay. If you must indulge in farinace-i ous foods, and have what is known as a "sweet tooth," you miMt| neutralise their effects upon the^ teeth V ''h fruit