The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

A4<*r communication* AgriiMnlt. 71 St. W<. Toronta. this time of roots, alfalfa, or clover, a Hght nitrogenous meal mixture and plenty of mineral matter earth, sods, ashes, charcoal, etc. are points truly essential to the production of large, healthy litters. Profits from hogs, after all, depend largely on being able to produce many pigs per sow. The surest way to cleanse and scavenge the body of the pregnant animal is to pump plenty of pure fresh air through the lungs by means of exercise. In conclusion, the hog is a simple and lowly animal of simple and lowly the hog. The evil results are seen in j ways, but capable of reflecting more many ways in the first generation. The conspicuously end promptly than pos- Maintaining Size and Quality of Breeding Hogs. There is no class of live stock on the farm that wiQ deteriorate so rapidly and permanently as will swine, provided the necessary principle* to avoid such are overlooked. The two following points are worthy of con- sideration in that they deal with the basis of maintenance of size, quality, and heahh, and therefore successful increase with the herd. 1. The regular introduction of new blood. In-breeding is usually fatal to practice may be necessary at times by advanced breeders, but should be ab- solutely avoided by the practical or commercial hog-man. Line breeding, provided intcllgent care is used and with due ooneideratkm of Improve- ment of type and strength of the in- dividuals chosen, is an excellent prac- tice, provided it is not carried to sibly any other farm animal, the ef- fects of good or bad breeding and feeding practices. What About Water Freezing In Poultry Houses? Cold poultry houses now advocated. Farmers who now sell and probably excess. After all, with the bacon hog, wi n continue to sell the bulk of the out-crossing Is the safest, provided j poultry products in this country, keep tfce breeder has type solidly in his i hens for the money there is in them mind. Out-crossing stands for strength an j very geid om for pleasure. This is and vitality. Prolificacy is of equal ICJFartance. The dam of the boar nowly introduced to the herd has much to do with the size and strength of future litten and the prolificacy of her grandchildren. In this the hog-man hould take a lesson from the cattle- man and horse-man. The lire's three immediate dams are worthy of the closest investigation. 2. Keeping good sows for several why elaborate and costly buildings, wtth fairly large amounts to be de- ducted from sales to cover interest and depreciation, were never very popular. When the cold poultry house was ad- vocated, it was immediately felt that It would soh e the question, because it was cheap, it provided plenty of ven- tilation which kept it dry and the birds remained healthy In it. A drawback during winter. Unfor- yeare. The common practice with tunately there is nothing perfect in many swirls raisers is to breed thairithe world and people soon commenced gilts as eariy as possible, With the to flnj certain drawbacks to the cold young sow once pregnant, growth is Checked. She is often a small or medium-sized pig when dhe farrows her first spring litter. She is bred at weaning, or sometimes before, for a house. This was to be expected and would no doutt have happened with any other kind of building. One of the troubles was that water froze and the laying hens were often deprived late summer or fell litter, after which i during most of the time of what was die is sold. At most two litters are] considered an WS ential part of their taken from her, frequently but one.! daily ration. Moreover, women and For the upkeep of tho herd, the best I children, who attend to the poultry in MXWS are chosen from the spring lit- ters. This practice has certain econ- omical features in th.it the cost of maintaining tho mature, brood sow is eliminated, and when she is marketed a largo number of cases, had a hard time chopping or thawing out ice from vessels, and in many instances drink- ing fountains even broke. \n experiment at Cap Rouge As it as a yearling she is usually light [ K0 emed impossible to keep water from enough to class as a heavy bacon, or freezing in the modern cold poultry a light sow, obtaining a price little house without closing it too tight, bekw the market for tho bacon class- making it stuffy, damp and unhealthy es. The result, howcvor, of year by ' year, choosing future breeding stock from the progi-ny of tho y</ung, and frequently insufficiently grown, sow, will surely betomo apparent. Size and vitality will lie sacrificed. There are certain ideals even in u s-j\v. She must be typical of the bro<xl sow, strong, dt-ep, capacious; she must be a mother kind, gentle, und careful of her young prolific, and with the teats and mammary development to feed her large litter. Once in a while one finds such a sow or one with omo of these qualifications. Is it wise to part with her as a yearling? Will not some of her progeny be likely to inherit her for the fowls, it was decided to try snow for laying hems. The experiment was conducted during five seasons, from the beginning of November to the end of February each year. An average of twenty-three birds were in each pen and both received pinctieally tho same qualities of feed, one lot Retting water all the time and the other snow from the moment it was available until the testing period finished. What (he results were After re- lot, the revenue was arrived at by counting WILL IT BE AN OPERATION OR A MANICURE? Baltimore Sun. Meat-Curing Recipes. The two ways of curing pork and beef a 1 re brine curing and dry curing. Brine curing is loss trouble than dry curing. If brine is properly made it will keep for a reasonable length of time. If it becomes ropy it must be poured off and boiled or a new brine cellar must be is the made. A best place cool for both methods of curing. Rub the surface of tho meat with fine salt and aUow it to drain, flesh side down, for from six to twelve hours before the meat is cured, either vf'ir'i brine euro or dry cure. Brine cure: For each 100 pounds of meat use eight pounds of salt, two and one-half pounds of sugar or syrup, two ounces of saltpetre and four gal- lon* of water. In warm weather nine or ten pounds of salt arc preferable. All the ingredients are poured into the water and boiled until thoroughly mixed. Then let the brine cool. Place hams on the bottom of the container, shoulders next, bacon sides and small- er cuts on top. Pour in the brine and bo sure it covers thenneat thoroughly. In five days pour off the b:-inc and change the inuat, placing the top meat on the bottom and the bottom meat on top, after which pour back the brine. Tempting Dishes for the Invalid BY MARION DALLAS. The problem of diet in the sick room , Mayonnaise salads Equal parts of is always a. matter of more or less : celery and chicken, walnuts may be anxiety in every home, especially | added. Dressing: 1 eggr yoke, 1 cup where the illness is of long duration i olive oil, 1 teaspoon salt, pepper (cay- and the appetite is fitful and capri-l enne pepper), mustard and sugar to cious. taste, 2 tablespoons of vinegar or In considering the diet of any pa- lmon juice. Beat egg with olive oil, tient, no matter from what disuse, add drop by drop, then mustard and he may be suffering, there are two sugar, salt and pepper; add vinegar to essential features to be studied. j thin. Chill and serve _. ,. , . . ,. . Cream toast Toast bread, drop mto The first f ratlin is. or ^'^ be - ! Mli satel ^ ter . Remove quickly e nutritive value of the ford. The , , ._:.. tv; n <.~ am =,,/. the , of invalid cookery is to build ami ; JL fy ar ' . fc cnjam sau<;e Carame ice cream-Caramel used ^ fermen . * ^i^^eam, 1 cup ^ rf ^^ Freeze cre am-Three bananas cut repair the waste which is going on :n the system during illness. "Therefore, , food must be given which will assist j nature in her efforts towards restora- ' tnon." For example, a patient suffer- j ing from typhoid fever should not be ; ^ ^ gix given solid food, nor a patient with ^ , p ' one-half rind of Bright's d.seasc given too much starch ; lemon |' cook ten mil>utes; remO ve rind; or sugar, i gM one . h . alf tablespoon hydrated geb- The second feature is tba prepara- 1 tine om} cup w hjp pe d cream, juicn of tion of serving up the food. It should ^^ femora. Mold and chill, be served in small quantities, and in as attractive a manner as possible. The linen should be spotless and the dishes of dainty chineware. if prac- tical, and always whole, not chipped and cracked as we sometimes see. Orange Bavarian cream Grated rind of one orange, juice of three oranges, one^balf cirp of sugar, one cup of creajn, two tablespoons gela- tine. Method of making: Whip the cream; set in ice; soak gelatine in 1 A roost certain to be blown with flies and become infested with skippers. The moat satisfactory way to handle the meat is to wrap it up in paper and then enclose in strong muslin sacks, tied tightly at the tops. Dried beef: Here is a good recipe for dried 'beef. Try it by all means: Get the tender side of the round out of a good fat beef. For every twenty pound's of beef, take one pint of a teaspoonful of saltpetre and a ter of a pound of brown sugar. Mix these well, rolling out any lumps; di- vide into three equal parts and rub well into the beef for three successive days. Turn beef daily in the liquor it will make. It dhould not make much, but what there is rub into and pile on the beef. Rub a little extra sailt into the hole cut for the string to hang it by. At the end of a week hang in a dry, rather warm place till it stops dripping, theJi in a cooler dry place. Do not smoke it; it spoils the flavor. High seasoning should be avoided, ateo ^p of coM water . dissolve in tt cup all extremes. In the preparation of of ^0^^ water; add juice and rind of the food it should be given, a stipulated mmfo ^ th cn gugar; st ir until dis- time for cooking. Nourishment plays 8olved and then partially dri-ll. Wher a more important part in the recovery nearly coW add whipped cream; beat of the patient than we realize. The untu th - v j k . mold and chi!J value of this branch of nursirvg cannot Egg chocolate To be served as be over estimated. | Boon ^ m^^ TWO square of choco- It is my purpose to give some diet- , i a , te> % cu p of sugar> % cup water, 2 etic recipes for the most common dis- ^^ mi j k> added gradually, vanito. eases, with the hope that they may c^ to 8 paste; stir constantly; let help those who are taking care of their boil five minutes . Remove from fire loved onea in their home and whose and ^at in whites of two eggs, well brains are racked often by trying to -^-hipped. think of something which will not only j Velvet cream M box gelatine, VI teryint hut benefit the nationt. *_u . A.~VI _ i~.- but benefit the patient. | ^p cold wateF( 4 tablespoons temor Consumption Treatment and Diet. ' j uic<s % cup 6Ugar> i cup crea,,; The treatment of consumption has (whipped). Soak the gelatine and d:s- muoh attention and s>tudy by g^g over j^ water; add lemon juice -- M * WMB it--' *n;i , i'iu i^rnrvMi jkinc all the greatest minda in the medical aTwl sug&r; se t on ice to coo!. When it world. By a careful and ddetetic be,,^ to harden add cream; beat until treatment, a great deal may be done thick. Mold and chill, to arrest its progress. Fresh air, ex- CoJfee cream 2 tablespoons ge!a- ercise, and cold waiter bathing are tine 14 cup st rong coffee, % cup invaluable. sugar, H cup cream. Soak the gela- Avoid starchy foods and excess of tine> add coffee antl sugf(rt coo k. When dency toward gastric catarrh. Fats an j Canada's Potato Crop. Prince Edward Island is the only province in the East that had a good crop of potatoes this year, although the Prairie Provinces -fill produced above the average for ten years, Sas- _ and oils may be given in the form of \ ut ted cream- Three tablespoons olive oil, salads, cream, bacon, nuts, gelatine, ^a cup cold water, 2 cupg und marrow. Cod liver oil has long cream , whipped, >i cup nuts, >4 cup been hold to be of eminent value and boiling water, H cup powdered sugar. it possesses s41 the advantage of food. Dissolve gelatine; mix nuts, sugar ai'd Oils should be given in very small cream; add to gelatin*; stir constant- quantities at first. Here are a few i y . Mold and chill. Sherry jelly (Will ease dry, parch- ed lipa). V6 cup water. % box recipes. For the Consumptive Patient. Cream sweetbreads - Soak the tineVV tablespoons sherry", Tind"^ sweetbreads in cold salted water, juice of one lemon, throw into boiling water and boil fif- French omelet -When eggs can be teen minutes. A little lemon juice or eaten without disturbing patient, or Do this again on the tenth and katchewan and Manitoba doing five- vinegar will whiter the bread. Drain where there are no signs of gastric .Hue- becomes , ticularly well Quebec's production and cut into dice. Make cream white catarrh, I found the foltewin-g omelet and wash it ' was be-'.ow the average. British Col- sauce with U cup cream, or 2 table- very much relished. Separate one spoons of milk und 2 of cream, '2 white and yolk; l>eat the white until eighteenth <luy*. If the 1 ropy take thy meat out cording the feed eaten by the eggs and also calculating the dif- ference in weight of the birds v.-hich virtues? Would not BOWS from her were placed on the scales, overy year, future litters as a mature animal bo both at the beginning and at the end better still 7 The writer has in mind of the experiment. For the avcrnKO BOWS in the various herds on the Ex- of all tests the pens receiving snow perimental Farms Synteni that have gained 11 per cent, less ttum those been kept from five to HCVIMI years und! getting wuU>r, but, on the other hand, thoroughly, also the container. ISoil ' umbia's yield was beiow the average the In inu or make new brine, replace but exceeded that of last year. On- the meat in the barrel atwi cover with ' tario's crop, both east and west, was brine. Allow four days' euro for each not half of last year, but the northern pound in a ham or shoulder, and three ' districts showed up satisfactorily, days' for each pound in bacon sides t Over the whote province, the yield was arvl fiftet ta.bles'pcons of butter. Blend 2 table- very stiff; beat the yoke until lemon spoons of flour with butter, add cream color; add one tablespoon of water to and let boil. Pour over meat, sprinkle yoke; add salt and pepper. Fold white with bread crumbs and brown in oven, into yolk. Have one teaspoon of but- Suet pudding U cup of suet, Vi ter melted in the pan. Turn the omelet hour in water before belli;; phced in ' Commissioner's report, dated Novem- Serve with a cream sauce. i Creamy omelet Beat up the whole the smoke-house. ! bci-, 1921. Excepting British Colum- Bacon dressing Fry thin _ slices of t\gg; add one tablespoon of cream; Dry cure: This requires more work bia, all the pix)vins n-port freedom bat-on. Strain. Add to quantity of fat heit and butter the pan. Pour egg into than biine curing. For each 100 from any serious disease. In British <>ne-third the quantity of vinegar, the pan and constantly lift from the v w "' l i ^ * * ^ 1 1' t i; l*b ) 111 LT \\ i4 1 (' i I M 1 1 () M I IIP 1 IH 1 1 II ' I Tl ' I rtii_ *i i j i Yi r^ ---- rf - -.tv>tiviij have been producers of large, strong 1 they l,.id "8 percent better With tho pmm(1 - s of IIMfut L1EL> 8evon P llnda of (: lumW kto l>li * ht "wiourfy reduced Th.cken by adding flew. Serve as a centre of pan till cooked. Serve at litters throughout. These have been i valuations placed on meat" und PI ! ^'t, two and one-half poum!s of sugar the shipping stock usually available, trcrsir.g on grape fruit. cnce. placed on meat und I-UKS.I i ,- , exceptions, it is true. The average the profit from the birds receiving'' a n ' (1 two CUI1CPH < >f saltpetre. Mix all from the lower mainland. The drought; the ingre.lients tlvo roughly, rub one- ' in the early part of tin- slimmer play- tliird of the mixture over the meat ed sad havoc with the potato crops ami pack the meat awny in a box or' in Omtario :i>ul Nova Scotia, in the on a table. The third d;.;/ rub on half first named province particularly. Re- receiving good sow frequently becomes clumsy snow was, for the live seasons, exactly and awkward after three or four years! 12 1^ per cent, higher than from the of age. She destroys her little pigs ones getting water, through no desire of her own and Conclusions which may be drawn ceaeoa to be profitable. To sum up, it - It is hard to draw definite conclusions it a wise policy to retain one or move ows, depending on the size of the enterprise. Choose breeding stock na far m possible from these mature un-i- maJs. Other sows, l!ss desirable, may be marketed after one or two litters. The proven brood sow, however, should stay in the herd until she ceases to be an economical producer. 3. There are several other points in swine management which have much to do with the maintenance of strength and quality. (1) Keeping tine young sow growing bone and muscle instead of fat, in other words, skim-milk, nitrogenous feeds, green feeds and exercise. (2) Exetcioe and outdoor life during the winter whon the sow ii carrying her young, and the use at from most fowling experiments with poultry Ixscause it is well nigh im- possible to bvin)? together two lots of birds having exactly the same breed- ing behind them. The time of hatch- ing Cor pulleU, the condition of each individual layer and many other things may altio lo sources of error. In this case, though, individuals were chosen as oven as possible and were housed in adjoining pens. The con- elusion which may be drawn is that nobody need be afraid to give only snow, when it is impossible to do otherwise, though it is admitted that water should bo kept in pens when prartieuble.-- (!u A. Lnngelicr, Super- intendent:. Experimental Station, Cup KOURP, Que. Winter Work for the Bee- keeper. With the bees all snugly packed of the remaining mixture and again gardhig the mnrket generally, the re- away in their winter quarters and re- wi u pack the meat. The seventh day rub] port says that, as th digging season quiring no further attention for the the remainder nf the mixture over the 'progressed ami the favorable weather j next four or five months, the bee- meat and pack it to <-ure. Allow a ' continued, there was expectation of a j keeper can now turn his attention to day and a half cure for each pound larger crop than originally estimated j preparations for next season's activi- combs, cappings, etc., can be rendered early and the wax obtained manufac- tured into foundation for spring use. r manufacturers of bee supplies the wax into foundation in a piece of went. A twenty-pound and growers became optimistic. Ship- j ties. As the active season is compar-' ag tne y a ,. u ,,, O p ham will take thirty day.* to cure. menta grew heavy, but the dmaml> atively short and commences with a ' at a reasonable charge. All drawn combs should be care- fully protected from the ravishes of mice and wax moth during the winter must valuable smoked. It should toe stored in a dry, 'The average Wholesale price for the these preparations can be made dur- ( f p revet ,t rnoWina nd*d cool and well-ventilated place. If al- ' entire Dominion is quoted HS $1.55 per' ing the winter months, lowed to hang up umproteced, it is al- j ewt., or about 93c per bushel wax moth the combs should be stored dry, coKl place The Welfare of the Home ,,,. vae ^ the The Bet Story Teller in the World By Anna Mae Brady Memories mean muoh to UB especial- ly as wo grow older aral who Is Uiore When different clamos of sheep are among us who does not c !,- the three full depth or six shallow for surplus honey. He should have enough 10-frame hives complete to' ~ * take care of all the increase he is. Don't let 'tihe mice put you out of likely to make during the summer. A: the fruit busdness. lack of supplies when honey is com-' - inK in and bees are swarming means ' Let the bacteria bring back you* Jim Thomas clwvnged their minds even! a heavy reduction in the amount of, nitrogen. before she hatl finished. When Ruthlhoney stored. All supplies should be Elizabeth told the most impossible 1 Row over carefully and put into Always smile at bhw old' oow for sh always "just happen-! proper working condition. If any new- provides the best market for waste A considerable mimbeir of poultry houses are built so high and-thaam- ^ _ ___ ^ v ___ __ _ _____ _ ........ T ,.....,...,-, ____ ount of air space that must be warmed vantugeous to separate them for win-; back " ^ one . g mi|1<1 Hg it9 dearest pos- ' at'ive' "fairy bale" And" e'vVi'y cv'"nYngi ordered early/as most dealer* allow a '. by rh birds is so great that it is t.er feeding tind rnre. Unless this | iW i fl( |7 Can't you remember those w had Mother Goose rhyme 3 for the 'discount on early orders. These sup-, Tike farmer's braining in co-opera- I il_tf -til* _ij 1*1 ll *et" ii\'i<-' *t * i .1 |io i' . ,i ( f n i i ; F~ r "0 kept on the farm it will be found ad- (Mir iy home pictures treasured in the ed> . to te ,., ug a wonderfl , lly j mac i n . Jones are required they should be impossible for winter temperatures to done some niMMMH of the flock will , na ,p pyi joyous, care-free times when[baiby, but I think we older ones enjoy -' P 1 '* 8 < n be made up before the spring. ; live marketing will ultniately pirepare be pleasant. 'l*liis C4iiv be remedied by ' ^""t more thuu t.brir IMPM of (i-c-l .. , *._ _i_^_ ... *... M-I UAIM _j n t ., , , .. . ' n u.... ^i n n. i.;. .. v ..i: . . ..._^^_ , i.i)., i.^ ,.....-......!,. *..ii_. :ti_ ^T_J putting in a straw loft tx> occupy nil excess space in the top of tho house be pleasant. This catv be remedied by | get more than thrir share ^ of ^ feed, | Bother used to gather us around her^d 'them as much as the baby did.j wh * n ordering; hive bodies, supers, | 'hun to co-operate fully with Mature Tots, it i rr.ost econiomieal ; Miem in the flat in orates j not needed as hiwul room by the care- taker. In provitliiiK vontiiati'ni also, i peculiarly enough sipace nhould be left open in I feeds which form gas. w hilot he weaker animals will get less.' km , e jn lhe avellinig R ft er the day's In Mdtag silage to Hheep (vire work wag dotle and tell U8 the moat should l>e taken not to give the ani Bt ories it. has ever been our . mills any that is spoiled. Sheep ore |)r i v ii t ,r,,. u, hewr? Many of u have -lo to Injury from sl(Hlied th ,, ar t O f story-telling simce the south sdde of the building so ttuit lihe open front will equal one-tenth of . This open c,reai the totai floor ought to be near the )>otl.om of the outii side rattier tliun at the top so that the warm air from the roasts will not flow up and out of (.he open apace. A pair of scales and a record Kneet in the dairy staMes will soon hnw which cow arr> profitable and which are not then an<l have heard the world's great- The breeding ewes need exercise in ogt storv . teller, yet ti. The l,enlth ami vigor desired ' them us Mothen- ^ ^^ . cannot be oWmed by housing the We wver knW what tory she was ! going to tell, that was always a sur- say them. Sometimes wo used to 'standard fi/-e nd ready to put to- ' chase pure-bred live stock. No man niake up tunes and sing 'hem Tor herj f ether. If a beekeeiper ig handy with^'an afford to farm with scrub sirea Those w to thirek 'piest I've aver known. animate too dosoly indoors,. , prise, anil how we did like to guess Promo** peace among nations by wh ioh one was coming! Wasn't it promoting good will among neightbors. 1'i.ni as far its ptutsihle to get the nia-nure out in the Add as made. In thii way close to a hundred pur cant, of tihs frtili/,or value of this product it conserved for vix>p use. strange, the very night llr< W-.or Jack did not wash his hand* a'ltl said ho and ,lim Thomas were never -Jroirg to wash their hand's gam wasn't it strange that Mother should tell us the Islory of the Pig Brothor? .luck and 'teller in th* world. . , Although we began these r iiymes be- etc., in large Tots, it i* rr.ost economical ; production. fore she could taflk, she uso.d to laugh ' t ( and clp iier hands when wo would f rve - 'l >n<> material is all cut to; present is a good time to nur- were very happy titnep, come 'tools and can obtain good lumber it a n<l all would- make more profit wi\h k otit they were the very hap- ' s very much cheaper to nvake the i pujre-ibrcd .n -1. rig>ht throujrh tha hives, floor boards, ete., at home, using flocks and hei*d. Mother is gone now but I tan shut' a standard hive as a model. The| my eyes ml see hr in that old rocker, '' frames, however, are difficult to make, Sunlight is the best guani against and nearly every day of my life some-; without special machinery and should, tuberculosis. Make sure there is plenty thing from those stories she told!* 16 obtained ^froni a, regular inanufac-. p!iarjiel for the new stable or comes to me. 1 guess I listened so turrer. Comb foundation can be ovder-; if the old one is ge-ing to do for aoma intently and loved them so miu-h that et ^ early, but it is not advisable to put ti" 10 ff) come, enlarge the windows, they Ivecame a part of my !i;V. Ard 't ' n ' ''he frames before the spring.' P.c-i;-:rhly. tho upper hnif ol tifcree <& so to the end of time for me Mother worlc *hould be doive in a warm the fi.ie* of the dairy xtablo Shtwld be will always) be the very best story- 'room as the wax is very brittle when K'-** "'l that gla-s should always | cold ami ia easily broken. Broken .A ... /, ...