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•HMMMHI iaargtiiirr A CHRONIC VEXAHON OF 1HE ORCHARDIST THE FARM THE FARMER AND ^- V « real proli'.cm. What ure wo to do with them? Bvw7 yeai thousands of fruit It defer* the bwwlng of tU« troo tr«M bouicht for on« v«riety begin 'from three to (Hx years. Thl« is « bearing fruit of •om« other variety.'; very important Item, and of •^J*"'* Thla 1» one of the chroiiic vexation* one never does catch up, and the "da- g^,^ ^.^ succeed at farmini^ apd of the orchard burineis. Some day,'ferrod dividendu" are a big source gome men fail. Some succeed bwrause wiien aJ orchard tr«M'» are certified of kwn. of favorable conditions while othera true to name, we fruit growers may! The trees frequcntiy do not retop gu^j^eed because of themselvefl. The be apered this annual diaappointment; in good shape, and one gets n. Y^r, factors of auccees arc variable. We but at pn>6ent thcuo misfit trees are weak tree which bears litt.e fruit and pg„^„^ „y^ for instance, that so much may break down under even that. .^ j^^ ^ ^.^y ^^^^^ g^^,, ^^^ ^ certain This i» the most imporUnt item of all. p^p ^^^ ^ ,,5^^^ ,^,,^1 education. nr -.^.,r«„ .».» .„.«», f„ *».i. «„«. "r*** variety to be worked over deter- g combination leema to present a Of cou«e, the answer to this que.- ^^^^ ^y, j^^ ^^^^ ^^ „ large extent, r^y;,,, ^ jj^^.,, tion depends on many different 'ac, ^ ^^ ^^u,^ bo jugtifled In grafting. ' But of the two factors the chances tors, but the mat important of theee . " „ ,i,.„«> i-,i uke Wolf Kiver.i , „ two lacwrs, ine cn«nce« i. ....» „,i.„. .v.. ..j..lV.„.- .,„.j^.„ .. » w«ll-8haped tree UKe woir niver ^^ gucc^ss Ue just as much with the for example, when it wou'd not pay to^^,, ^ ^i^^, ^.^ ^^^^ j^ j, gu^pri^. graft such poor growmg trees as j„g ^^^ ^ ^^^ ^j^^ ^ trained mind Wealthy or Oltlenburg. , I can do with an unlikely piece of land. Just how radical a change in vari^jo„ ^,^ other hand, it is equally sur- ietiee one would be justified m aecc^l paging how little some men get out ing rather than to graft cannot bo|^, naturally good farms, settled on general princlpjes. It 18| ^^ j^^^ enjoyed a visit with a man somewhat a personal matter, and do- [j^j^^ ^„ ^ jjgj,t f»rm who has added pends greatly on what other varieties ^^^^ ^^^ thousand dollars to his is just wliat the substitote variety is and how seriously it fails to meet the owner's needs and wishes. In the light of a fairly wide per- sonal oxpt'rience and observation, however â€" having had about 1,200 trees which persisted in bearing a different kind of app!« if\m that for which they were bougl^t â€" the writer beliov«>8 that it will usually pay the orchurdlst to accept a considerably less deiiirable sort rather than to at- tempt to graft the tree over. The principal objections to grafting the tree over are the following: It costs time and money. If one io expert enough to do the work himself this may not be serious, but if the work must l>e hired, the cash outlay Is considcrab'je. are already in the orchard. I would certainly be inclined to ac- cept any of our standard sorts, say Mcintosh, Baldwin, Wealthy, Graven- stein, Delicious and Wegener, in lieu of each other. And the eiime principle would apply to other orchard sections. If one got such a rank change as Ben Davis for Mcintosh he would probably be justified in working them over.â€" R. K. Mould in Butter. Mould in storage bu'.ter is now of serious economic importance, and as a result of its damaging: eflPect on the export trade a full investigation has been made. A bulletin covering the subject and giving tho results of the Investigation V'ms, just been published by the Dairy and Cold Storag« Branch of tho Dominion Dept. of Agri- culture. According to the bulletin cream as brought to vhe factory is Ever Feed An Orphan Pig? I have yet to meet u man who has once acted as "wet nurse" to an orphan pig or two and is willing to do it again. We sympathize with the nv&re man â€" and tho pigs generally die. Fortunate is the pig that is bank account with his potato crop this past season. While his land is not of the richest, his brains have been fertilized with every kind of po- tato lore, observation and experience that he could turn under tlie folds of his gray matter. He supplemented his second-rate farm with first-rate thinking. Recently we wei-o told that every acre of tho sand dunes of Denmark are now covered with forests. It was not natural that forests would grow there. Danish inte'JiKence was re- sponsib'.e for covering these bald, creeping sand piles. Building up the farmer is the first step in building up the farm. Taking this step may occasion Eome tempor- ary sacrifice, but ulti^nately the re- sults will show at the bank. GARDEN HERBS. Few of us that do not remember the little garden corner devoted to culin- ary and medicinal herbs in grand- mother's garden. It w.is a custom in cared for by a woman. The hand- raising of pigs, if it must be done, should be intrusted to her if she is willing to undertake the chore. It is "quite a chore," for newborn generally infected with mould but'thisj pigs. if they are to live, must be fed Infection Is destroyed by pasteuriza- onco every hour at first, and the great- tion, consequently the trouble must est possible care must bo taken to come from the conditions surrounding', regulate the amount of cows' milk,' the days of our grandparents that I the cream in the factory. Moulds! modify it properly, feed it blood-warm am "<>* w sure but what wo should have been found in cream pumps and ^ and koep all feeding utensils perfectly | follow a bit more closely to-day. In piping through which tho cream ' sterilized. The modification is neces-| There weie horseradish, sage, tansy, passes in the factorj-. Wood is a'savy, for the first milk of the sow hyssop, lavender, pennyroyal, etc. principal field for production of contains 9.5 per cent, of fat and 3.8 Many family remedies were prepared mould, which is found in factory , per cent, of sugar, whereas cows' milk! at home with the medicinal lierbs, churns constructed principally of contains but 8.7 per cent of fat and | while a goodly supply of the culinary wood, and in the walls and ceilings of 4.9 per cent of sugar. Later tho sow's, herbs were always on hand to flavor tho churn rooms, in wooden butter milk contains 6.7 per cent, of fat and the soups and dressings, boxeii and in firewood near the fac- B-4 per cent, of sugar. It is also rich- Culinary herbs should have a place tory. All these sources of mould er than cows' milk in its protein con- in every gulden. Don't think you are should be carefully guarded against. ' tent. It ia therefore customary to old-fashioned if you have a little cor- Great care must be given to the pro-' sweeten cows' milk with sugar forjner for herbs. Old-timers like mint, teci ion of boxes from moisture. Windil'ttle pigs, and in Groat Britain the. sage, thyme, and some of the newer carries the spores of mould from thel'wonien who do euch feeding mix a ones should be grown. All these have neglected wood pile into tho factory. ' little bacon fat In the milk first fed.! their place in the culinary department. Butter parchments and salt'are also' Here is tho way in which ono farmJDill is one of tho newer herbs, and sources of infection, and so are water' woman I know succeeded in raising; also one of the best. It is an annual supplies, holding tanks and ice. i three orphan pigs by hand: She fod.and when once it is let go to seed i;; To prevent mouldine.ss in butter all them skimmed milk with just a little a garden there will'be volunteer plltnts cream should be pasteurized, all vats, ! whale milk added. It was fed sixjeach year. The soeds are gathered pjpps. pumps and churns cleansed times a day, at first, the last feeding when ripe and are used to give flavor thoroughly every day, parchment pa-'not earlier than 10 or 10.80 at night.jto sauerkraut, and cucumber pickles, pers treated In hot brine solution,' and the first not later than six in the ^ and it sure docs privo them an cxcel- boxes should i.)e made of well seasoned morning. She put the pig's head down : lent flavor. wood, and kept in clean, dry places, in tlie milk until choking almost oc-j Mint sauce is mado by adding the salt stored In clean, dry roonw, and curred. About thrco treatments of iuui.sed mint leaves to .'weetencd vin- pure wash water use<}. Refrigerators '•*i"t sort taught the pig to drink the cgar .shoitly before you want to serve must be kept clean and dry, tho cream-' mil'' from a pan. That is a lot easier | it. Mint, as well as dill. Is frequent- ery should be well lighted and ventil- than feeding them from a bottJe orjly used in tha infusioM lather than in atcd, and the interior walls painted spoon. Not more than one-fourth of the dry form. Fill a jar with fresh yearly at least. Strict attention must »â-  Pi"* o' 'I'lk was fed to each pig at dry leaves and cover with sti-ong vin- be given to cleanliness, and system- a tlmo. egar. Close the jar and lot stand a atic mould and yeast counts shouM be' At the^first sign o^ bowel trouble few weeks and the infusion will bo used. Carc'ful attention should bo she gave tho pig from a half to one full strength and may be used as de- given to all the processes of raanu- teaspoonful of castor oil in milk on sii'od. Personally wo are not strong facture, packing and storage. i thrco sucoe-ssivu mornings, following! for any vinegar products, mainly from -» 'the third dose with a raw egg. When a health .standpoint, but many do not Provide Ample Mash Hoppers fou'' weeks old the pig.s were /od fouTj agree with us, and for those who care ' meals of milk a day, but at noon wore! to use vinegar i>rodurtJ<, this will be S«winf Hintt. Unstitched Heais â€" Buttons snd but' tonboiie* wiU keep the b«aM.at '» clw- lug in place. Not only is it sn easy finish but it is attractive. Whenerer possiblo I lay the edges of the p*ttem which will come at tha closing on the selvage of the goods. But If the edges are raw, I bind them before turning the hems.â€" Mrs, D. P. S. Gathering Short Cuts â€" When doing your sewing for several children try my way of making fiinple gathers. Lengtlien the stitch in your serving machine as tong as you can. Stitch along where it is to be gathered and pull on the shuttle thread. You ean gather a full skirt for a child's dx«st In less than five minutes. â€" Mrs. C. B. A Quick Finish for a Belt is to make a point by folding tho belt through the centre and stitching across the end.â€" Mrs. L. D. R. I save time In finishing a romper or dress by binding the neck before I turn the hems at the back. â€" Jfts. H. E. I have no drees form to use in sew- ing, eo I have made a substitute. A small hook Is fastened in the sewing- room ceiling. From this I hang a double length of heavy twine, knotted every few inches. A garment may be put on a hanger and hung from one of the knots at the height most con- venient for the worker. In this way I can do hand sewing on a garment with greater speed and without dan- ger of toiling or wrinkling the ma- terialâ€"Mr. D. R. To Brighten Up Old Buttwsâ€" When making over suits and dresses I never neglect to brighten up the old buttons I am using on the new gar- ment. Dull pearl buttons may be brightened by soaking in olive oil or a good quality machine oil. after which rub hard with powdered pumice, tal- cum powder or a good nail polish. The steel buttons may be cleaned with a toothbrush and suds. If they are rusty, use a cleaning powder. Dry thoroughly and polish. Dust collects in the design of cut jet buttons. Clean them by brushing vigorously with a soft brush. â€" M. K. Doubling the Life of a Shirtâ€" Every wife knows that the first places on her husband'.i shirt to wear out are the collar and cuffo. I find that it pays to sit do\vn and rip them off when thoy become frayed and turn the inside out and fasten again in place. I have been married ten years] and this has proved nn.y best "noake- over" money saver. â€" Mrs. N. E. H. ^ MmiGv (jeanm$Mh Can^ Use only "Snowf lake." Dissolve one tablespoonf 111 of '^Snowf lake" in a gallon of hot water. It will re- move all grease and thoroughly sterilize the cans and bottles. 3 ylaee* Cor Saowflake KttclMa, Batliraoin, Laundry , At all gracars lOc large iwakaga HIE TO BRIGiniN SHABBY FURNITM BY MARY HAMILTON TALBOT. At this season of the year there is given a thin slop composed of bran, [found a very good method of prepar- always a tendency for tho owners of , . , , ^ i i _ it _ #_ai» i..i.*j clean bread scraps, cornmeal, shorts ing It. many farm flocks to neglect tho feed- Ing of mash to their hens on the and skimmilk. Culinary herb.*, of which the leaves After they had taken that ration are the part used, should be gathered ground that the available feed on the .^^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ^^ ^^^ ^^^^^^^ ^ i^ ^j^^ morning as soon as the dew is rsiige jB increasmg and that ther^ j ^5^,^ ^^^ sow-ralsJ pigs and grew off, and should be drie fore le^ should be required ^^ ^ ^g^r and better than thoy. At all where there is a free way of purchased or f,-»rm-grown feed. ] ^j^, ,^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^^^ ' _\ „,,._ ^n shelves in dry I with tho sow-raised pigs and grew|olT, and should be dried in the shade circulation of »,, .,,... ^u ,. u !•. â- "â- â€¢Â«â€¢=• -•"=»» quarters were kept Bcrup-iair. On shelves in dry rooms will be Though it IS true that hens ike , ,,,^^^j ^,^,, ^^U ^ ^.^^ ^ ^^A f^^^^ „ ^^.^ pla^.^. when they are green feed and can mak* J«cellent ^^„,.^^ ^^ ^^^^^ ^^^ protection thoroughly dry. put them in airtight t '\Z Iw'^Lr ''I'.H^'L'Vi;! Y-^'-t coW drafU provided. Despite can or .h., jar., and ke.p in a dry the fact that the milk was not sclen-l place. If .stored before they are per- tlflcally modified tho pigs did well and, fcctly dry tho leaves are likely to success must largely have resulted' mtAd. They will not ke^p their from regularity and olennllnesa In t strength for any length of time, espe- feoding and strict attention to thejclally not from year to year, hence a bowelfl.--Dr. A. S. Alexander. new supply should be grown each aqually true that they must bo fed a rea-TOnable proportion of coneontrat- •d feeds at all times If very much egg production Is to follow. As a matter of fact, dry mash Is actually moro importsnt In the hen's summer ration than it Is In her win- ter feeding schedule. The animal pro- tein helps to stimulate egg production. Furthermore, there ii leas need for the heat- forming feeds pueh aA whole •om. Not least In Importance is the mat- Ur of providing suf'lcient hopper itpace so that any hen in the flock can liave access to the dry mash at any time. Make it as ear.y as possible for the hens to eat tho ma-ih and keep It before them constantly. Points to Remember in Caring for Piano. 1. Keep your piano open at all times, e.\cept when sweeping or dust- ing, and at night or during rainy \v ailicr. 1. Wash the keys with alcohol, taking care not to touch any of the black keys or Varnished surface of the piano. Also keep a strip of felt on' the keys. 8. To avoid corrosion of the metal parts, place half-pound of unslackcd lime on the bottom of the piano ; when it is a grand piano, place a quarter- 1 pound of unslacked lime ow the plata 1 4. Do not u.<;e any of the so-called I furniture polishes, but instead, take % lemon oil and V4 turpentine forj bighpolished pianos and 2-S crude oil and 1-3 turpentine for dull-flnished piano9:» Take a piece of dry cheese- cloth that has been previously rinsed in lulCe-warm suds and dry thor- oughly. I 5. Have your piano tuned at least twice a year. 6. Have your piano (.loaned evei-yi year during your spring cleaning. â-  I 7. Make sure the piano tuner ori repair man is really an export in his j line. If in doubt, phone your order to the company to whom you have purchased your piano, as they are really best qualified to give your in- strument tho proper attention. If you keep these points In mind, the average good make piano should Jast from twenty-five to thirty-five years. Plan your work to save steps, stoops and stretches. In the farming of to-morrow the] l)eet farm implement will be the brain. Do you ever look around the house and wish the furniture did not look so shabby? It always appears worse in the spring when the sunshine shows up e\-ery defect, tf you have clever fingers, can use hammer and tacks, a pair of scissors, needle and thread, glue and a paintbrush you can do much toward rejuvenatioru When the webbing strips and cam- bric on the bottom of an upholstered chair begin to break away, get wire netting of the grade called by hard- ware dealers "cellar netting." Cut a pattern by the removed cambric bot- tom, making no allowances, however, for the tumed-under edges, as they one of course not needed for the net- ting. With small size, duble-headed tacks nail it Into the chair frame where, the cambric came off, without disturt>ing the webbing. Then cover it with a piece of new cambric and yoa will have a seat stronger than when it was new. If the spring breaks loose at the top, there is no use in just pushing it back expecting it to stay. Instead, take a piece of tin, of a diameter a trifle larger than that of the spring, and with its edges bent down to make It mushroom shape. Have four holes through this piece of tin. Reach up and put it over the top of the unruly spring. Pull it firm'.y down with cord that you have passed through the four holes. Tie it down on the spring head as you would tie on a bonnet When this has been done it Is en- tirely out of sight and will prevent the loosened end of the spring from working through the upholstery. The home craftsman can recover an upholstered chair. Rip the old cover off carefully and use it as a pattern for cutting the new material. Follow piecinga and seams in the new cover. Cover tho seat first, then the inner arms, tlM front of tho seat, which is usually put on with a welt, and the outside back cover last. If you use tacks under the material they will soon cause it to wear through unless you place a narrow piece of thin cardboard over them. To clean rattan or willow furniture which is Just dusty use the blower of your vacuum cleaner. If really dirty Education fosters youth, ilHighls old age, secures prosperity and fur- nishes a place of refuge and solace in adversity. â€" Cicero. Farmers who produce ciualily good.^s economically are generally abte to make n living at a good standard, pay for their farm and accumulate a com- petence. ==^ I ONTARIOyj^ Improvement STOCK LIVESTOCK Coininitlee Joha. living over on the 4tli, told this ttofy. osf five years ago I took account of nvatlf. Then I â- tarted to weigh the milk from B|y herd of nondescript cowt. In four montha I had told eeven and In twelve month! I only had two of ny original nerd, bat had bought four more. My herd wae reduced to tiz. but I was getting as much milk as from the It. Now I have IS cows, some pure bred sad others good grade and s resf good ball, ' "Afti I foaViflk any money?" "W«}ljroa can bet your bat I'm not lotint sny.** Wftsfjotei did others en do. USE BETTER BULLS use a brush and ammonia and water, which g^ives a better result than soap and water, which yellows it. Air al^e will ye'dow it in timei. If yon wish to bleach it, wet it and pot it la a closed packing liOX and bum sulphur tijere. Tiny hair-line cracks sometimes ap- pear in highly polished furniture. To remove them rub with a ck>th moist- ened in an oU mixture, one-third lemon oil and two-thirds boiled linseed oil. This will have to be repea^t^ several times. Where tlie surface of the fumltur* is marred with dents, it may be res- tored by applying warm water,, which will swell the wood fibres and raise the sunken part to a level with the rest of the surface. When dry it may be 'Hghtly sandpapered, using Na or 00 paper, stained and touched up with varnish until full. Another way is to wet the spot and lay on it some wet blotting paper. Over this hold a hot iron, the heat from which will cause the wood to sweU. A metal, brass-trimmed bed which has seen its best days is a forlorn- looking object If you can wield e paintbrush it can be transformed. First remove the lacquer from the brass with an acid. Then after paint- ting the bed with white enamel paint stain the old brass trimmings' with mahogany or oak stain, wl)ich ever wood predominates In the rest of the furniture in the room. The result is well worth tlie trouble. Have you any tables, chairs and other articles which are wobbly. Tiny prepared wedges ean be bought, or you can make them, and when driven from below your furniture ia again firm. If the furniture is rickety from the glue drying out, remember before using the glue pot to remove the old glue with sandpaper; Furniture should be given a rub- bing at least twice a year for most pieces, but much oftener for anything â- in constant use. Though there are many ercellent polishes on the mar- ket, the following has been used many years in my family: One scant ounce of linseed oil, one full ounce of spirits of turpentine and three-quarters of an ounce of cider vinegar. Bottle and shake well until mixed. Apply and leave on until perfectly dry, then rub thoroughly with a soft flannel which givee a high, glos!?y finish. O . Saving the Dishes. Much china and glassware get broken m the process of washing, by being hit against the spigots in the kitchen sink. A good way to prevent much of this breakage is to purchase a small hollow rubber ball and cut if m half, then punch holes in each of the halve? and fasten chem umbrella- wise on each cpigot â€" • _ Good fortune often comes to ua in- cognito; we do!i't recognize it till afterward, when we receive Its bene- factions. FAMILY OF SS FOR WESTERN^FARMS A British family of the name of Bradley. conststlnR of 35 persona ap) comprising three generations, ars shown on' the Canadian Paclflc S. S. Montclare at St. John. N.B.. recently, eji route for Ss.skntchewan, where they wUl eettis on neighboring farms. The party eonsi««« of father and mother, thotr four sons and son in-law. with their respeotlvo wives, snd 23 children. All the adults have some knowledge of aRrtculture, and they have come to Canada under the Joint OovernmeDt echcme (or eettltng S.OOO British tarmlng famlHM In the Dominion within two yeani. Ford Runs 51!^ Miles on Gallon of Gasoline A new automaUo and self^erilaUng device known as tla "SUPER" Is of- fered for sate by StTPER SALES CO of PORT HOPE. ONT. With this de- vice Fords have made 51H miles per â- allon. II removes carbon and does vn.y with all spark plag trouble. Stans car In 3 leoonds. Super Sales Co. want distributors and are willing to send sample on 10 days trial and allow you 50c for trouble et lQ<tMVlng H It does not do all they claim Write them to-day. r- ._ ^ -rn^ itSUK N*. \%->n.