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fti :.j 2r- \ i The Automobile AID TO SAFETY IN POUR WHEEL BRAKES. About a year and a half ago thOiMl. To bring this ear to a atandatiU •utomotiv« world w«» ()uite excltod about the matter of brakes and much talk waa being devote<l to the four- wheel brake innovation. It was sup- posed to roprownt a bijf advance in it is necessary U> absorb that energy The way to do this is to turn it into heat at the brakes. With two brakes the car has a certain area of surfaca through which heat ii absorbed by at the amount of control a driver might | mosphe re. It has been shown that by have over hi* car. It was calculated! using four brakes thu area of radia- thut thia new feature would tend loition is doubled, with the consequence lessen accidi-nts and prevent injuries, that the brakes do not heat up and Jn tho light of the tested experience burn the lining. This also allows the of the motoring multiudes who have'driveir to Increase his epeed. Yet he used these four-whee! orakes during i» not likely to burn out his brakes the last season, can tliey be consider' •d in general as a standard and gen- erally accepted featuie of the better grade of cars? Probably the chief q>icstion has been as to whether brakes could be operat- ed on the front w^heels without seri- ously Interfering with freedom In and he has a greater nnargin of brak- ing safety. CAU6B OF BKIKDINO. The cause of skidding is the tend- ency for a car in motion to keop on moving in the same direction and at tbe same speed. To stop a car one , must depend upon the traction of the •teering. To assure safety in steer-, tires with tho road surface. As soon Insr, the front wheels are IncUned In- „ the braking force is greater than ward and under-graduated, and the the traction the tire elides over the steering knuckle plna nro set at such ground, causing a skid. One of the an angle that they point dlrectiy at things that controls the amount of ipot where the tires touch the traction is the weight of the car. The gronnd. TWs eliminates the t»ndency heavier the weight holding the car . to charige the direction of tho wbael to the ground tho greater will be the' â€"a teodeney t^at would otherwise tractive force. With two brake* on' eaturt If one brake should hold mort I 0^ r«Mr wbeeU only one-half of the ' ^*v^. Equalising bars or, weight of the car is utillred, as the One of the most picturesque and novel photos of Wembley ts shown aboTe. It waa taken when tlielr Majes- t|PK attendft'I fhe ThanksglTlng service and shows the clerical procession marching across tho arena. [fuwer Ancient Saying â€" "Pa, may I use tba' car, please?" "Are you going away?" "Ye», to Europe." "By which ship?" "Airship." "But there Is no airship service." "There will be by the tlmtj my wife ii ready." Wonder where families used to put plunder years ago when thc/e was no garages? -, than anotlvsT. cables similar to tbose u<ied when only two brakes were employed and an equalixer between the front and rear parts of brakes are designed to equal- iae the braking power. APPLICATION OP BKAK£S. It la recognleed that In turning cor- ners th« outside front wheel revolves faster than the inside one. Therefore, if the brakes are applied equally the outside wheel naturally would trani- mit more of the braking power than the other. To overcome this difficulty some brakes are so designed that the brake on tho outside front wheel will not operate if the brakes are applied whan turning the corner To facilitate the operation of the four-wh-sel brakes somj makers havo installed plan«tary gearing 'attached to the brake pedal. Thia is designed so that It will give quick action to take up tost motion in the linkage and in- <rea*o the le-vcrago v/hen the brake shoen contact v.'i'.h th« ("rums. There is littlt 'louht that four-wheel brakes enablo n car lo stop more quickly. Tests havo proved that a car going at twenty ir.ilos an hour with two brakes could be .stopped within thirty feet, and with four brakes within twelve fet't, and that similar results oould be socurpd when greater â- peed* were used. A car running jilon^ at a certain â- po«d has a certain amount of Energy stored in it. Thia car going down a hill has the amount of energy incrcaa- to motordom. other half of the car bears on the front wheels. Therefore it has be- come recognized that brakes on four wheels double tbe tractive effort em- ployed in braking and halve the lia- bility of skidding. Various tests have also shown that contrary to the general opinion a year ago, brakes on tho front as well as rear wheele assist a car in turning a corner. The tendency for a car in motion is to travel In a straight line. When the brakes are applied to the rear wheels only there is a tendency for the rear wheels to lose traction and skid because the centre of gravity U located midway between the front and rear axles. By dividing the brak- ing effort between tho front and rear wheels this tendency is minimized. Thia condition is made still better when the outsido front brake Is re- leased and the inside front brake is applied strongly, as in tho ease of some brakes, because the car tends to turn around its own centre and In the direction of the corner to be ne- gotiated. If the outside rear brake could be released this would still fur- ther benefit the situation. As a result of more than a year of general usage the con'jluslon is that four-who^ brakes seem to be gi-owing increasingly popular. The experience of motorists during the last year has gonp a long way toward demonstrating that they represent a permanent asset Test, made'irthr Forest Nursery! ^^hal YoUT Eye» TeU. Stations of the Forestry Branch of the ' We are told that the eyes of the In- Department of the Interior, show that tellectual man are gray, and it Is a fact hardy conifers such as spruce, lodge- ' ^;^^ ^^^^ ^^3 „, genius hare gray 1 Sttewl wys"- pole pine, lack pine and Scotch pine are ' ' ' particularly suited for prairie planting ^^^'• ' temperament rather than intellect and thrive under adverse conditions, j These trees are now being widely] planted throughout the Prairie Pro-, vlnces. ! Natural Resources Bulletin. The Natural Resources Intelligence j Service of the Dept. of *.he Interior at ; Ottawa says: â€" Brown eyes are said to express j A very careful analysis of the ' world's silver production shows that Timely Rhyme â€" "Hush, Httle vacant corner, don't you cry; you'll be a All- log s.tatloa bye and bye." about one-eighth contes from miners Heard on a Car. First Woman â€" "Did your die a natural death?" Second Woman â€" "Oh, yes, run down by a motor car." husband ho was Pedestrlasa should be thankful that T *^ â-  Although brown eyes flash with an- , ^.^^^ ^^^ British Empire. Canada's they do not have to dodge WcycleV^y with Joy, and change; ,, . ^^ . „.^,,„^ _»_„ ^^^ ger, light #p swiftly with Jealousy, blue and gray The Coast Was Clear. Little Janet, home from school un- usually early, rang the doorbell, but | no one answered. She rang a second eyes can express greater sadness. ! silver mines have been the greatest producers within the empira for two decades, according to Dr. A. W. 0. Green and black eyes are supposed ^ ^,' , ^ ^. ^'^ ^'^ to be the most wicked. Becky Sharp's Dept. of Mines. To-day Canada Is the and a third time but still In vain. Then a brilliant Idea struck her green eyes played an important part in ^^.^j , ^ producer in the world. !â-  â-  HL.ILiUM i llJ- ' i,.J Ji nr~t. ' The Locus In Quo. Native â€" "L,aet weok the boys hung our mayor In efflgy." TourUtâ€" "So! Where Is Efflgy?" Notes About Nose«. One of the purpose:) of the nose Is to rulse tbe temperature and himidlty of Inhaled air before It enters the lungs. The colder and drier the air, tho gnsater the nead for this function, so that In a race which has lived long in a cold, dry environment the nasal passages become lung, and tbe nose high and narrow. Aft&r mlgi'.'illon from one type of on- vlronment to the other tho adjustment Is not Immediate, but luk«s many gau- oratlons. Tliuif, tho liiKh, narrow noses of the dominant eas'e.'i in India Indicate that the latter are compara- tively recent Immigrants from the north. FosBll skulls found In Europe Indi- cate very high, narrow noses during the Iro Age, gr.i iually becoming short- er nnd hiTiiirtor as tho cltniata im- provod Saving Sea Birds. Thanks to tho Intervention of human beluKiS, the llerce light between sea birds and ruts for fiupreinacy on Ailsa Craig, the rocky Lslet at the entrance to the Firth of Clyde has ended In the rout of the rodents. I'''or ages Ailso Craig has been one of the two great British-places for tens of thousands of sea birds. But about thirty years ago a few ruts, swimming ashore from a wreck in tho vicinity, esiabllHhed themselves on the Island, and mulllplled at such a rate that they soon swarmed over the whole rock. As the rals prospered the sea birds disappeared and In 1924 very few could be seen. Last December tho Royal Society for the Protection of Birds contracted with a certain firm to oitermlnato the rats, and poison was used ao effective- ly that It Is Impossible to estimate the number of rats destroyed. The cost of the campaign was about £160, and Allsa Craig Is now restored to Its old position as a sanctuary for sea birds. Crossing Sea by Train. A through service from I.rOndon to Pari.", without changing care or alight- ing t'l nm the train will become effec- tive -'iluirtly, whon huge ferryboats car- rying trulna are put Into commission between Dover and Calais. Shanp Answers. Many a -sharp answer Is m.ide In blunt language. her various conquests The "vamp" in modem fiction usual- s'he*flatt;7^h;rno8;" against the 1^ P°*'T,*!*"".'"f *„*''?„ **' *'"''^'' ' green or black. Actually, there are no black eyes; dark brown or dark gray eyes have the appearance of being black In certain lights. wlndowpane and in a shrill voice that must have reached the ears of every neighbor, called out, "It's all right, mother; I'm not the installment man!" CROSS-WORD PUZZLET n X 3 iTTH^^ 7 â-  ^â- Hl 9 â-  â- [^â- 10 II 12. ^H \i It 1^ â-  lb 17 â-  i& 19 ar Zi â-  IX â-  2:3 ik !^H HU m â-  17 â- ~l p â-  iT 19 id 31 31 w â-  3>t 3S~ i 3i> w^ â-  38 ST â-  Hb" Ti m â-  â-  HX â-  Ht â-  11 __„, _ Hb TH« II ITtSW iTIONA L . SVNO ICATC What Is funnier than balloon tires on Ford wheels? Well, there's the gold monogram on tho door of a Ford run- about. Most fllwers are flUed with nuts* Charity covers a multitude of sins, 80 do clcsed cars. Man's Inhumanity to man makes thousand* hesitate at the curb. Even It a man does pass you with his auto, he may be behind with his payments. being surpassed by Mexico and the United States only, who together con- tribute nearly 65 per cent, of tbe an- nual production. Native silver was known to the In- dians about Lake Superior before any Europeans set foot in that locality. Champlain mentions the occurrence of falena on the «ast shore of Lake emiskaming, directly opposite and but a few miles awny from the fa- mous Cobalt areas of Ontario, but knowledge of the presence of silver is no_t recorded. Silver ores have since The average chaufleur b««n found in Nova Scotia, New Brun^; takes life eaaily Bwick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Al- berta, British Columbia and Yukon. Records of production, which have been kept since 1858, show a total re- covery of silver to tho end of 1928 of 451,000,000 fine ounces. Last year the recovery was slightly over 20,- 000,000 fine ounces. The price of sil- ver varies daily, tho highest yearly average on record Iselng $1.28.2 per standard ounce S25 fine, and the low- est 47.2 cents. Present prices are around 68 cents per ounce. The mines of Cobalt, South Lorrain and Gowganda, all in Northern On- Let those who never iireak ikt> s^ee law cuss M.P.P/6 foT|ieak^|«l^dry-f law. .-â- â- â-  \:^'-^ ^ â-  *r- â- â- * V" "Somebody put'th^h^teb In my car," s'ouudJTtep.e, But nobody's ever, ': Put any la mine. The noise an antomobllo makes de- pends more upon the driver thafi up- on the machine Itself. certaifiL^y^ SUGGESTIONS FOR SOLVING CROSS-WORD PUZZLES Start oat by filling in tho words of which you feel reasonably sure. These will give you a clue to other words crossmg them, and they in turn to still others. A letter belongs in each white space, words starting at the numbered squares and running either horizontally or vertically or both. VERTICAL 2 â€" Fish without ventral flns 3 â€" Central Una Moths Use Thoir Noses. Moths can smell, ocipntists havp u;;- certnlned. HORIZONTAL 1 â€" Prayers B â€" To remove the husk 9 â€" Breathes out 11 â€" Recllns 12â€" -Land measure of 100 square meters 13 â€" A bench - 16 â€" A salute 18 â€" An age 20â€" Continued In an Inai;lv3 state 22 â€" For shama 23 â€" Reared 24â€" To bar 26â€" A kind of oloth 27 â€" Discloses 28â€" Wild creature SOâ€" Loud shouts 33 â€" To Impel 34 â€" A basic Industry (abbr.} 38 â€" Narrative 37â€" Suffix same as "In" 38 â€" Slumber 40 â€" Colorlna matter f,^ â€" Sorrowful 42 â€" Sheltered condition 44 â€" Funsral songs 45â€" D-ct 4Scr£rawl 4 â€" A bundle 8 â€" A drudge 6 â€" Man of courage 7â€" To utilize Sâ€" A fruit 10â€" Rank 14 â€" Oriental 15 â€" Sagacity 17 â€" Pedigree IE â€" To do wrong 19 â€" In royal manner 21â€" The Scandinavian Unguag* 23 â€" Surrounded 25 â€" To fondle 26 â€" Cunning 28 â€" Constructed 29 â€" To grew old 31 â€" A boy 32â€" Shabby 3-'. â€" A genus of plants 3c â€" Memento 3r â€" Suslnes* transaction :? â€" An equal 41 â€" To fasten with thread 43 â€" Point of compass (abbr>) tario, are Canada's principal silver producers. Since tho first discoveries in this area, about twenty years ago, production has been close to 367 mil- lion ounces, while pre.sent production is at the rate of nearly nine million ounces per year. Silver production in British Colum- bia and the Yukon is obtained from lead-zinc ores. In 1901 the maximum production was obtaired, 5,151,333 ounces, in British Columbia. Between 1006 and 1915 silver pro luction mark- edly declined, but since 1915 there have been slight advances, until at present the rate of production is about 8,000,000 ounces per year. A tl Is not so much the living v/ago as the fllvvlng wage th&t^en demand nowai^ays. Correct Thia Sentence. "My dear sir," said the traffic officer, "youi disregarded my stop signal and Jammed up traffic frlghtCally, but run along now and try to do better." If you drive fast you'i-e a lawbreak- er; it you drive slowly, somebody whams you from behind. Avoid Too Much Light. Too much light can be as bad for the eyes as too little. Artificial Hght| Is now supplied so readily and ao number of silver lead prospects werel (.Ueaply that It is a temptation to use' located in the Yukon, during the past few years, and rich ores are being mined in the Mayo district, where the present rate of production is about one million ounces. Not a Steady Job. She had been maid of all work In the family for more than twenty years. Like all faithful retainers, she did what she liked. She even tried to manage them until. In self-detensn, they gave her a month's notice. "Ah, well, ma'am," she said, "I tan't say as I'm surprised. Somehow I al- ways felt I shouldn't suit you." o • Elephants' Keen Smell. African elephants havebeen known to scent men at 1,000 yards. too much of it â€" or at least to direct It' with too great Intensity on what on*! Is reading. Did you ever try to rdlll- a book or a newspaper with the bright' sunlight falling directly on the pagef. It you have, you will understand hoiWj excessive light can strain and fatigue the eye. The golden mean In lUumlnttij tlon as r neverything else is the thing, to strive for. Solution of last week's punlc 4 1 A Huge Sort of Carp. A species of Siamese carp reaches a length of over five feet. Bride (consulting cook-book): "Ol my, that cake is burning and I can't 1 take it out for live minutes yet." \ L A RMAfc B aTl l r 1 D :Ml DR Y â-  e: t R 1 B dIkUhh 1 Hh|o|s olyl Q 3 OOj â-  u Qm GaBl ma C[L ah h DBBI WS& H||lw|o h s BBB^ SI 1 BoMbic c- ||ki G t- 1 i|D|i=B^O^Hu Sjs c r H ^ SIO nHJT M HcR R Y T e: tF s HhIbHs 1 c 1 L 1 A jiM .' MUTT AND JEFFâ€" By Bud Fisher. Outside of That, Jeff's Girl is O.K. ^^r