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. Voice of the Press Canada, The Empire and The World at Large CANADA No Sentiment In Buiinetl Can Ha and Great Britain, if th-?y | want to extend their tiadt- exchange, | must be prepared to mevt the mot exacting demands of the purchaser. Nothing short of this will be of mujh U!*e. Sentiment cuts an insignificant ftlfur* in business. (Victoria Times. Lib.). Idle Money Jn February, according to an offi cial report, Canadian deposits in aav- i: g i U .- - ... -ie $J'J,"i>,l"Hi more than in January. This is extraordi- nary. IK-iu we are with $1,3(10.000,- 000 in our .savings bank< this despite ail the money absorbed by recent loans --which i-- *i:2,000,000 more than we ha-1 at the beginning of the year, yet i-vi-i yUitly is afflicted by the psychol- ogy of hard times, and most of us are U>o fearful to take our money out of the liaiiks to buy things that we need. (Ottawa Journal.) Trees For ' Protection One of the important effects of the drought and gale-damage experience of the prairie provinces has be^u to stimulate tree planting enormously i Thousands of farmers, completely "bi--wn out'' in 1'J-il, have \>:tnesseJ the phenomenon of profitable crops gathered by neighbors who had the foresight to shield their farr.is with shelter bells of *n-es ten or fifteen years ago. As a consequence, shelter bo!ts hi'vc assumed a new importance and the rate of tree planting in future will be rapidly accelerated. More thaa 100,000 prairie farmers already have established tree shelter about their homes and farms. (Brandon Sun.) Farmeri' Credit It is invariably the mortgage com- panies that are singled out for atten- tion in tht.se demands for legislation to [>' 'ict 'lie 'armer. A- a matter of fact, anyone who knows Western con- ditions knows that the mortgage com- panies on the wh^lc are just as anx- ious to keep farmers on the land as the farmers to st.iv an it. Without advertising their plans at all mort- gage companies art- making adjust- ments with farmers, reducing interest rates where necessary, spreading over principal payments, paying tuxes on mortgaged farms, and generally doing thi-ir utmost to aid the farmers through their difficulties. The farm- ers' financial difficulties arise in much the greater number of cafes fr-">m taxes and short-term credits from the implement houses, oil companies, banks and casual creditors, than from n.nrtgaces. (Winnipeg Tribune.) It is gratifying to observe that dur- ing these admittedly hard times the citizens of Toronto did not forget the appeal of the Humane Socity, whose tagger* recently secured $^0,000. (The Toronto Globe.) Better Prospects in the Prairlei There is more justification this year than for many previous yearn for the long-looked-for amelioration of farm conditions. Not for a long time rns precipitation been more plentiful and it is anticipated that the swd-brtl w'i' l>e in a more satisfactory condition than for nt least three years ;ia.-t Every effort is being mado by the Seed C>ii. n: ---inn to provide for the lu-eds of the farmers who have bo >n eo hard hit by drought, with the rc- Bult that new hope is springing up with the brightening of the pru-pei-'s. - i Ki-t'ir.u Star, Cons.) Canada's ." jn Trade The countries which will first em- erge from this unprecedented depres- sion are those whose lea.ders ure :n- tutt- enough to see and grasp the new operations in trade and world busi- ness. That is why Canada should be' on the job with respect to Russia in- ste.-*'i of sitting around watching six million dollars of aluminum trade go to Sweden. We are letting our hard coal business go to the United States And letting wages and commodity price* go down and interest rates firu Up. Compared to Kngland, the condi- tion of this country is perfect. Yet England, with few opportunities, is nuking herself the brightest spot in th world picture. (Vancouver Sun, Ind. THE EMPIRE Britain'! Surplus The MnallnesiB of the surplut and the magnitude of the nation's effort to achiuve it point to the seriousness fcf the situation ahead. The limit of taxation has been reached. Tho limit Of the Government'.; wage reduction b-as bcon reached. How then can we fnake. the budget balance next year Without imposing a b.irden that would , prove ultimately disastrous? I. By Increasing productin-i at home. 2. By developing trade with tho Dominions. 8. Hy bringing about complete I-'rc-e' Trade l.i-tween Itritain :ind the (' -! Onie-. I l.iidi>ii haily Kxpri"--. I- Britain and the Empire While this country '-Minmt M'grcuM It-M-.f from the difficulties <>l Kurnj . Bwither run it afford to look to Iv.i . lone. If Europe were to collar Our efforts elsewhere would be cndii:- gercd, but meanwhile we must but!*: Up for ourselves a new framework ! trade outside. I'm- the first time the fcor.omic opportunities of the Empire ha\e definite thane* of being real Countess of Beitborough in France izd. OtU v is ill- key to a new door which may open the way to a new prosperity. ( London Sunday Times, Cons.) F -"ii; Tobacco All our experience J :.g gone to show the necessity for looking ebfore lean- ing, and for keeping supply within the bounds of demand. It is, there- fore, essential hat real and co-opera- tive thought should be given to the to- bacco question before Ottawa is en- t. red upon. What applies to tobacco, applies to all our export industries and to our domestic industries in their relation to Imperial issues. The more thought which this Colony can give to her own questions involved in the gen- eral Imperial outlook, and the closer the investigation of all suggestions forthcoming, the better hope there will be of achieving really worthwhile results. (Rhodesi:'. Herald, Sr.lis- bury). "Practical Politics in the Far East" The key to the strength and pros- perity of the British Empire lies not in Ixmdon, Ottawa, Canberra, or Cape Town, but in British prestige, politi- cal and commercial, in the Far East. The two great Powers principally con- cerned in resisting the advance of S vietism in the Far K\ t are Japan and Britain. Japan .as watched witii anxiety the progress of Soviet infhi- eice in Manchuria. What Britain has done and is doing in India, Japan has done, and is doing, in Manchuria. The Union Jack is the symbo^ of law, order, justice, and progress; th<T em- blem of Japan is worthy of similar admiration, for it stands for tho same ideals. Arc we to permit the Li-jtgue, composed of nations not one of whuh has intorests comparable to our own in the Far East, and most have neither knowledge nor judgment cf the issue involved, to break <>ur friendship with our prototypes of the Fast. The wisest thing the League can do is to recomn end and give a mandate to Japan jver Manchuria. That policy should receive our active support. (Orient in the Empire Rf- vicw, I/ondon.) The Curse of Unemployment We j-jK-ak of unemployment as ba 1, but we shall not be thinking of it rightly until we consider the effect of this situation upon those who as they leave school and go out into the world cannot find employment for them-] selves. It creates :| sen:|- that th / are not wtnU-d. With the more sc-riot:s and earnest natures it produces an intei. .-H- bitterness. Bitterness is never right, but such bitterness is surely very pardonable in a younjr man who is conscious of having some qualification! to sorv the community, and to make for himself and those J"- pendent on him a decent honu-, :u. i yet finds no niche for himself in the society of which ho is. a member. Tint young man is bound to be deeply em bittered against society as organi/.eii today; :ind that is not only unwhole- some for society, but desperately bail fur him. (The Archbishop of York in the Contemporary Review, I/on- don.) OTHER OPINIONS The Ottawa Conference The plan of procedure confines the Ottawa discussions to representatives of nations under the British flag. But Ottawa is to be followed by similar negotiations between Britain amlj other States. Denmark, Scandin:V'a| and Holland have low tariffs, though capable of assimilation to that policy now adopted at Westminster, and art to be next approached. Other natur.s. may be invited to join later on. .-\ growing world circle of mutually low- ered tariffs may thus develop. Frei-i- trade relations generally are hoped for a the eventual outcome. Tho whole scheme is so vast that its impli- cations have as yet only partially been realized, though Whitehall is being kept busy working out its program. It is a hope, ncver*7ie*iess, containing much that is good and much, too, thnt is by no means impossible of fulfl- ment. ( Boston Christian Science Monitor.) U.S. Wants No More Immigrants The tide of immigration has beon timed back to the Old World for the first time since records have been kept, with the full approval of the )nil>lie. It i* improbable that unrestricted im- migration will ever again IR> permit- ted. The United States is now a grown-up nation. It docs not need vast numebrs of immigrants to de- velop the country. What it renl'y needs is opportunity to digest and na- tionalize the excessive number of aliens who are already here. (Wash- ington Post.) Immigrants and Natives Persons who ancestors came to Ai> rii'a t<, or three centuries ai!o hard- ij regi.nl themselves as < I :ii.st9. Nevertheless, US many have | iuU-d, i>ul, the only real HMI P.T ant. AniT- .nif an- tlie Indians. All th- rest of ii are inimifnint- or th'- lU's.vndnnt* I' imini"raiit^. A mnre t'i.'qucnt IOC- o-nilion of tlii- fat 1 n iht lead to renter tiileia-v'e <n th" part of all (Woiri---' i '"' II is ini\\i-i- f\*c : i ulve up a great Hilui; because It li earir-.aiueil." Har- ry KiiH-rsun Kosdlck. Dominion Notes - ^ St. Thomas. Ontario. Production Is starting at the ne v plant of Canadian Vitrified Products near St. ThomM, Ontario. The plant, which is on a 2fr- acre site about one mile east of th city, is being equipped with eight oil- fired kilns, and will turn out a foH line of heavy clay products. The total cost of the plant including buildings program of adult education of indue- an( j equipment, will be in the neighbor- iim MI. -ii and women to forsa'se their , hoo( i o f $185,000. Adults' Taste In Studies Tested . * Intjrrr'ional Affairs Course Has Big Lead in Attend- ance Interest in World Topics New York -What cliance ban a comfortable homes occasionally to attend aftt'fiioon or evening lectures? Countess Hossboroiigh. wife of the governor-general of Canada, la here shown leaving the home of her father. Baron Andre de Neuflize at Neuilly, France, where she 1 stopping with her son, Viscount Dunrannon. Youth Organization Calls World Athletic Congress Prague. While attention of sports followers the world over is being turn- 1 ed to the Olympic games at Los An- ' geles. p.vparatioiiH are going forward her*- for un albietic congress of sllisht- ly different nature- to bring together '. athletes of the International youth or- 1 ganizatloii Sokol this cummer. Tbe Sokol number* 750,000 mem- bers, and invitations have been sent to branches in twenty-two countries. So far, it Is certain that Russia, Po- land and Czechoslovakia will be repre- sented. The congress i being planned in ob- servance of the birthday aiiniversaiy of the o^anlx.alion's founder. Dr. Ml- roslav Tyrs. It will begin June lit; and the chief days will be July:.' to July 6. Tbe Czerh Sokol branch is building & Htadlum to hold 150,000 spectators :,i!.| .'.".HOG athletes. FK-sides the gym- nasiuin evi'i.ls. conlesis in rowing, swiniinlng, riiling, fencing, shooting, track and even singing, dramatics and oratory will be held. Diamond Cutters Prefer Low Wages to Dole AniHteiil.ini Kv.-n tin- lowest < arm-ii wage- are infinitely better than a dole, Is the reason uiv.-n by Am -I --rdain dia- mond polisher.-* ami cutters for accept- ing a scale In-low (hat in Itek'iuni and Germany They have tliu< made it pi,.. MI, I*, for a number of diamond works to reojH-n their simps. As the municipality is lo p:iy in e\ tra allowance on these wanes, oi|iml to the amount paid otherwise for iiiiein ployed and poor relief, several hundred Amsterdam diamond workers will go to work again after an extended period ot involuntary loaiint:. Tbe total- wag*-* an Anisicrdam diamond worker will thus renive ainoimt to slightly more tlian SI" a week. "My wife found a white pul.ei' chip ia my pocket thU morning unil I told her it was a dyspepsia tab- let." "And did she swallow it?" Meteorologist Predict* Fine Summer For England London The odds are that Eng- land, and the rest of the world as well, Bhould have a fine, dry Sum- mer, according to E. L. Hawke. meteorological superintendent of the Hampstead Observatory. A cautious prophet. Mr. Hawke bases his con- clusions on several reasons, having chiefly to do with sun spots "There are many so-called weather cycles." he declared. "Perhaps the be-f known is that which Is supposed to lie governed by sun spots. These sun spots reach their peak every el.-vi-n years, so that if this cycle holds good we should have a repeti- tion of the dry Summer of 1921. "This weather cycle Is certainly true of tlie west of Scotland and other part" of Ihe world, but does not always work well as far as Rug- land is concerned. Still, the fact that according 10 this cycle the weather should be warm provides I. MM- tor a fine Summer." As for other reasons, during the last ten years Kngland has had en- ough rain for eleven years. "The seasons have been wet since 1921, particularly the last two Summers." lie said "That sort of thing should not continue indefinitely. There Is bound to be a change sooner or later. The time for a change seems due, for we have had one of the wet- test [i, liods of yearn known." Swiss Cut Deposit Rate (Jeneva "We have the honor to In- ['orin MIII that ln-iausp of the per- i-tent abundance of money and dif- ficulties for banks to find a use for it, the banks of Geneva are forced to reduce as from present date their inn-rest rate to oiie'balf of 1 per i-fiu per annum." This notice recently grneted C.eneva depositors with their break' fust mail. u \f another proof of S vit/* Hand's prosperity and its pie- ih.n-a of cash, while the Inconveni- ences of too much money are reveal- ed. Owing to difficulty of finding safe ways of placing their funds. Swiss capitalists ar e falling into many financial pitfalls, but banks are marking time, eagerly awaiting op- portunities for useful investment. The Hoyal Canadian Mounted Police have replaced the Provincial Police in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Manl- ] toba and Alberta, thus cutting law en- I'orcemeiit costs in half. Fort William, Ontario. The black granite from the deposits at Pennin- sula, on the north shore of Lake Sr ' perior. Is attracting considerable at-* And what kind of programs could exert enough pull: In an effort to answer such questions tlie American ! tention and the market for this artistfc. Association for Adult Education, building material is extending to rart- acting for the Carnegie Corporation, ous nett - Centres of the United State* is making a case study of the town ' an d Canada. of Radhnrn, N.J., a study that is throwing some fresh light on intellec- tual interests of r.dultx. The study is not comnietod. but considerable data is already available. This little community near Ridge- , Winnipeg. Manitoba. The grosa . value of dairy . in Manitoba, during 1031 was $11.938,990. The re- port of Mr. J. R. Bell of the provincial live stock branch points out that pro- duction in 1931 was much heavier thaa wood was chosen as seat of the ex-] | n 1930, butt >r being 33.5 per cent. up. perimemt because of the unusual j At June 1 ihere were 2U.690 cows being homogeneity of its population. Ai- ] milked, which number was 15,179 Uea* most all of its 1.2SO residents were born In America. Virtually all of more than at the same date of Brandon, Manitoba. The pen of the adults are married and the aver- barred rocks owned by Mr. J. R. Beer age of the heads of the families is of Brandon Is well ahead in the Manl- 34. Of the men 90 per cent are col- lege graduate and of the womfli 60 per cent. toba ecg laying competition being con- ducted at the experimental farm i Brandon. Its total production at th Through community enterprise the ' end of the loth week was 538 eggs, for adult education program was start- , which it was awarded 557.4 points, ed last September. The Citizen* Regina, Saskatchewan. During the Association, after discovering by a last five years a total of $540,760 worth questionnaire in what subjects the I of honey his been produced In Sas- people were most interested, made | katchewan, according to Mr. R. M. arrangments to hold the most popu- ; Pugh, provincial ap'Hst In the Da- lar courses. The charge wa* only J partment of Agriculture. This meaiu $1 a course. ! that the bees have paid for themselves There was no attempt to urge un- j for development w -k and for equip- interested persons nor any follow-up ment, returning their owners 100 per I among those in a course but failed to cent, on their investment, Mr. Pug* attend when it was offered. The j pointed out. opportunity was merely put before' Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. The the people and the association has C0 al industry ill Saskatchewan showi been watching to see what would ' an advance. In 1929 approximately happen without artificial stimulation. ' 580,000 tons of coal were produced; la Popular Among Women j 1930 over 570,000, and in 1931 betweei About one-quarter of tbe adult 625,000 and 650,000 tofts, population have entered courses and Medicine Hat, Alberta. In a fln I of the total number of students new structure, the Gielchen Flour Mill I which appears as more than a quar- Company has now commenced busi- ter of the population since those en- ; ness, with early reports Indicating a I rolled ir several courses are counted J rapidly developing output. The build- more than once a little more than ; | ng has t wo stories and a cupola on ft one-fifth are men. However, six of f u n concrete* basement, with a drivo- the twelve courses are held in the ; waj - a t one end and an office bulding afternoon for women, and when these j an( | heating plant about 35 feet away, classes are deducated, the percent- ( The mill is heated throughout by age of men mounts to nearly two- steam, which is also used in tempering fifths. I the wheat and heating It to the proper Hy far the most popular course is temperature. the one on International affairs, j Lpthbrldge. Alberta. In the annual Ninety one persons enrolled for this , ieport of the- Lethbrldge Board of and although the division between . Trade for 1331, it is pointed out that, the sexes of the students Is almost , "Once more, southern Alberta set a ecinul the slight edge of five students hi ff h nm ,-|j j,, t | lf , ( , ua |ity of wheat pro- is, contrary to expectations, held by j dueed. As in 1930. much No. 1 Hard the women. Next most popular U : W as marketed, while practically all the a course on contemporary fiction and remainder was No. 1 Northern and No. drama, in which the women predomi- 2 Northern. Good quality, high pro- na(e heavily, for only nine of its , te ( u wheat* ar e invariably produced In forty-one registrants are men. An , years of low rainfall and 1931 was no afternoon class in child study, deal- ! exception, the year's precipitation be- ing with the pro-school child. ls the ing 11.64 Inches against a 28-year aver- third largest class and has a mem- age o t Lethbridge of 15.84." It is also bershin- of thirty-four women. noted that, "au important development i "Timeliness is evidently the fac- O f the year was a strong trend towards tor that causes the greatest Interest mixed farming." ' in a course," Major John O. Walker,; _^ director of tho lladburn associatlou. Novel Punishment Meted To Gypsy Wife-Boater Prague. ft y pales living in the Coun- ty Tilianovce. uear Kosice, Slovakia, tlon." says. "If a foreign situation or a book o ra play or a piece of music is being discussed in the newspapers. we are sure to have a large atten- dance at classes which also discuss ! withThe'consenTof thTstateTu'thorT It. Courses which people think will , Ueg> haye estahllslied a district coun . help thorn to better their situation i c(1 heade( , b} . a Mayor Qf the , r Qwn ^ do not hold nearly so much altrac- tionallty. Recently the council which enjoyi judicial authority tried n man who had whipped his wifp. He was sentenced to crawl home on hands and kiiees, j carrying his wife on his back.' and to publicly beg for forgiveness. As a further punishment he was or- de-red to stand all night before his hut bearing a pail of water on his head, stirring the water occasionally with his hand to prevent it from freezing. Stone-Age Stunt Uocky "That's a fine hummer you have there." Stony "Yep! It's made out of a couple of my wife's first biscuits." A Close Race Marcel Dorot, famous pilot. I.KII li .-> his p.-ed with thnl of Albert IMvo, auto racer, al Mnntu. France. Hy a scant margin, Uoret won, having gono ^16.36 kilometers an hour. English Schoolgirls "Adopt" Whole Schooh Birmingham. Kng. -Two secondary schools for girls here have now 'adopt fd" schools for younger chil- dren la the poorer districts of tlie city. The girls of King Edward's Hig'.i School led the way two or three years ago by "adopting" an infant school in which nearly all the chil- dren cotne from lowly homes. Th<? high school girls supply the pupil? In their adopted school with slip- pers to wear during school hour*, and entertain them at Christmas parties and at picnics. Now the George Dlxon Secondary School has followed the plan, which, seems like- ly to spread Gems C-iched by Vikingt Found On Swedish Island of Gothland Yisby. Swednii. A viking cache- ol pearls, gold ornaments and inlaid Jewelry was found under a largo stone uear here by tw-o fishermen. There ; were 150 pearls, 9 gold pendants and 25 necklaces of bronze with silver In- lay. There is no burial place near the spot, indicating that the Jewelry waa hidden by tlie owner for safe-keeping. Gothland, the S-u-illsh Maud in the Baltic Sea of !ii.-h Vislii is the capi- tal, frequently yields similar ancleni relit s. it n ti lo be an important trad- Ing point (' .n'.; the time of the vik- ings :'t I i ihe days ot the Han- seatic l.eaguo.