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Voice of the Press Canada, The Empire and The World at Large CANADA The Empire at Ottawa A party of Jews and Arabs went down yesterday from Jerusalem. They are on their way to Ottawa. They are orange growers, from that strip of green country which makes an oasis across the ancient country of the Phis- latinos. They will come down on the military railway that the British built in the Palestine campaign of the Great War, alongside the old caravan route out of Syria and Judea down to Egypt, where the Children of Israel once passed in their flight from the tyranny and the servitude of the Phar- aoh. They are coming to Ottawa, to sell Jaffa oranges to the Empire, per- haps, and certainly to tell the Empire that the Jaffa orange is t:ie best in the world. What a touch of color It lends to the preparations for the Ottawa Confer ence, this latest pilgrimage out of the Holy Land! Jews, and Arabs are com in.-, those ancient and modern ene- mies, reconciled In this Imaginative project of a larger trade and communi- cation between the diverse peoples who. In greater or lesser degree, pro- fess a common Interest In the destiny of the British Commonwealth. President de Valera, fresh from his alarums and excursions about the Oath of Allegiance, is seriously con- sidering whether he had better not coine to Ottawa himself. Merchants of spices and cotton are coming from India, and tea planters from Ceylon. There iy be men there from Kenya and Uganda, rubbing shoulders with th official delegates of Australia and New Zenlnnd and South Africa. All roads of the Empire, all trade routes of the seven seas, lead these days to the capital of Canada, \vhere the Ot- tawa runs down to the mother of Cana- dian waters. Vancouver Province. He Failed in Mathematics Much has been said by way of ex- posing the unsatisfactory character of written examinations as a test of scholarship and fitness for academic d-vn-i-s and positions of trust. Kilu- calioniHts recognize that while some Btii'l'-nt.s have the faculty for express- ing what they know on paper, others have not. It often happens that a poor scholar may do better than a good scholar In a written paper. That Is one reason why schools, colleges and departments of education have lii-'-u trying to gut away from the straight-Jacket of examinations. A school in New York has recently found a novel way out of the well known dilemma. At the Lincoln school a young student, William Real, could not compass Algebra. To hope- les^ly failed in that subject. He did well in languages, wrote plays and es- says, shone in music, but mathem.-.tlrs Stumped him. The management look- ed about for credits to compensate for his failure in a single field. It was found In lila natural aptitude for crea- tive work. Art came- to his rescue. The Lincoln school bos a new set of murals of singular merit, and William Heal has his diploma. This Is an Idea to which educationists may well give consideration. Mall and Kmplre (Toronto^. Menace of Faulty Headlights Ii would bo interesting to know how many motorists, reading the warning given by Hon. Leopold Mncaulay, Mln- i.'lor of Highways, about the Import' anre of headlights, have bothered to check up on this particular equipment of llielr own cars. Kvery driver, out on the highway after nightfall, knows tliat the, headlights of the majority of approaching cars are a menace to his safely . . but in all probability lu hasn't taken the trouble to ascer- tain whether or not hit) own beams of illumination are as annoying to others. Tin-re weri> 250 nr.-iilems In Ontario la ' :-'-:ir directly attributable to faulty headlights, tho Minister of Highways declares. Twelve of those bad fatal termination.- Hamilton Spec-tutor. Holiday for Farm Folk The inunli-lpal Council of Ibo Town- ship of West Luther unanimously )>.' -I a novel resolution at Its last nice-ting. The motion expressed the wlsli of the council that the rate- payers observe every Saturday after- noon as a public half holiday during tli muiilli of June und on tho first two Kutunluys of July In 1!I32. Cuuplnd wiih tho wish was a suggestion that games and HporlH bo held at conveni- ent centres for tho ratepayers of the municipality. Tim Arthur Enterprise- News, in refnrrini; to this action, con- l.i .r... ii.- the council in the move 41ms Initiated and expresses the hopo that it will develop Into full fruition. The initiative thin shown by \Vcst I council Is surely worthy of commendation. Tho municipality Is thus linked up with urban centres in wii - !. the weekly half holiday has been observed for years by morchantH and other business men. Thin weekly period of recreation has coma to be -..:!. i In towns and villages as a necessity. People engaged In agricul- ture would find It dlfflcul* to break the Continuity of their week's work with a ^Vil lie-day half holiday, such as gen- erally l observed by urban folk. To them Saturday afternoon would bo more advantageous and would also give them longer week-end respite from their arduous tasks. THE EMPIRE The Bulldog Breed The heart of the nation is still high. The HI iti.ih people have borne every burden imposed upon them with cour- age an dwita cheerfulness. Business and Industry, though sorely pressed by the burdens of taxation, are si 111 reaching out to new fleldj of enter- prise. The confidence of the people in their ultimate triumph lj as strong as ever. London Dally Express. Britain and Ottawa Britain already has glvon more than adequate evidence of her sincerity. At the time of her deepest distress, when she was compelled to abandon her century-old tradition of free trade, she deliberately exempted Kmplre produce from the scope of her import duties. From that action she could expect nothing ut good-will, and good-will she gained in plenty from all Domini- ons save the Free State, which d .- rived the greatest benefit. If her ac- tion, and tli* reactions of the oldrr Dominions, are a foretaste of the Com- monwealth's decisions at Ottawa, those decisolna will be precious and enduring. If tho Free State's reaction as Illustrated in her fantastic tariff policy, serves as a symbol of her atti- tude towards the Ottawa Conference, she will be the "wall-flower" of the imperial ball. Dublin Weekly Irish Times. Each For All and All For Each After Lord Beacon.sfleld, there Is one name that stands above all others. Joseph Chamberlain. Because of his w-ork for the Empire, we stand on the threshold of the Ottawa Conference and because of the movement he founded we have to-day the first prac- tical instalmen - of bis great policy, Imperial Reciprocity. He crystallized that policy in an undylnk phrase: "Each for all, and all for each." It is a slogan we should remember when we are apt to become impatient with progress. Trinidad Guardian. The Ottawa Conference The negotiations at Ottawa will necessarily be difficult, and In some! cases delicate, but they will be con- 1 ducted on all sides in tho friendliest spirit and with frank recognition of the fact that, while tho common good should be teh aim of all, no part of tho Kmplre U in a position to disre- gard Its own material Interest, or can bo expected to do so. Capo Argus. Forest Fires In view of the immense damage that is wrought every year by bush fires In \ Australia, the difference of opinion which exists as to their cause is as- tonishing. Tens of thousands of pounds' worth of property are destroy- ed, hundreds of people are cast Into homeless despair, great suffering und less of life ensue, yet many talk as If bush fires were occurrences to be in- cluded in the legal category of "acts of God" or unprevontable accidents. Careful observers are satisfied that most bush flres are preventable. Is it not time that they were prevented, and that those who rausu them, either by act or negligence,, were punlsbecl? Melbourne Australasian. Awarded Medal Even if she didn't make Paris by plane, Amelia Karheart Put- nam was given a great reception there. Alr-mlnlster Painleve award- ed her the Legion of Honor. It stays where It is. and a continuance of drift will carry Europe inevitably Into it in no long time unless the lead- ers of Europe have courage and strength to drive, the ship against the current. The Spectator I London i . Cobblestone Farmer* A prominent citizen of Pennsylvania proposes that the State should finance unemployed city workers in the pur- chase of farms and stock. That kind of aid might be welcome to a genuine "back-to-the-Iatider" who had been brought up In the country, but how can it benefit tho man who has never known of life outside a city? He could not tell a horse crupper from its head- stall, he is hi'lple. . when ho seats himself on a milklng-stool at a cow's flank, he has the vaguest ideas or none at all as to the proper feeding and caro of swine. You might as well bring a discouraged farmer to the city and export him to make a success of minim.- a bounty-parlour or u high- class specialty shop. Boston Tran- script. * Capital in Water Power The total capital Invested In the water-power Industry in Canada Is now about $l.r. 14, 000,000 and of this nearly $1.370,000,000 has been ex- pended on land, buildings, plant, and equipment for the generation, transmission. and distribution of hydro-electric power. This is a much larger amount than Is Invest- ed In any other single industry In Canada except agriculture and trans- portation. Total Eclipse la addition to the Imperial Eco- nomic Conference which will open in Ottawa on July 21st there will be another event In Canada this sum- mer which promises to attract uni- versal attention. This will be the total eclipse of the B u D on August 31. The eclipse will be visible from a zone running through the province of Quebec and skirting the city of Montreal. Though usually total eclipses of the sun occur almost every year, the director of the Canadian government observatory points out their occur- rence as total at or near any speci- fied locality It a somewhat rare phe- nomenon. The last one to be vlsl- ble as total In Canada was on Jan. 24, 1925, on which occasion the path of totality swept across western On- tario, crossing the Niagara rives- into the United States and passing Into the Atlantic Ocean near New Haven, Conn. After the 1932 total eclipse the neit one to be visible In Canada will be In 1954. . For the 1932 eclipse the central line of the path of totality begins In the Arctic regions, sweeping down across Hudson Bay and skirting the eastern shore of James Bay; it crosses the St. Lawrence near Mas- klnonge and Plerrevllle, Que., some fifty miles east of Montreal, and passes across the International boun- dary a few miles east of Rock Island and Derby, Vermont, passing Into the Atlantic Ocean In the vicinity of Portland. Maine. The width of the shadow zone in southern Quebec Is approximately 100 miles; th e west- ern edge passes through Montreal and near Boston, Mass.. the eastern edge will be about 25 miles to the east of Three Kivers. Que. A "Brainy" MU* Of about 100 diminishing to zero at the eastern and western limits. The shadow travels at an average speed of about half a mile per second, traversing the distance of roughly 700 miles from James Bay to the coast in a little over 20 minutes; It crosses the Kiver St. Lawrence at 3.24 p.m. East- ern Standard Time, the international boundary at 3.27, and leaves tTie coast of Maine at 3.31. The direc- tion of th e sun at this time Is about 20 degrees south of west and the alti- tude about 30 degrees. Several parties of scientists from other countries are coming to ob- serve the eclipse and Montreal will be one of the principal points where these parties will concentrate in or- der to take advantage of the facili- ties and co-operation of McGill Unl- N'lneteen-year-old Frances Emer- son, graduated this year with a doctor of philosophy degree, the highest obtainable from the Uni- versity of Missouri. The Aims of France By Edouard Herriot, Premier of France. In accord with the Covenant of the on the ; League O f Nations, which is the fun- : ?._ damental chart for the future, and in the spirit of the Pact of Paris, we shall seek security not for ourselves alone, but for all nations, all of which, small and great, have equal claims in our eyes. Within this general framework the government of the republic declares it will favor all solutions, even those which are partial, which in the light of the discussions at Geneva and ai't.-i a loyal exchange of opinions will per- mit, without compromising national security, the lightening of military charges and will represent a step to- ward progressive, simultaneous and controlled disarmament. At once, so itself with this effort, versity. -From Woek. Canada Week by Nine Months' Leave too Short Shanghai. After spending years doing missionary work in Thibet, K. Ilathbone, an Englishman, has Just returned to his labors without seeing anything of the "out- Shanghai and a nine-months the government will put in force all possible economies which can be under- taken without imprudence. Regarding reparations, France can- not permit those rights to be contest- ed which are the outcome not only of treaties but of contractual agree- ments protected hy the honor of the signatories. If the world is with- ulnei drawn from the sovereignty of law it must sooner or later fall under the empire of force. In affiming that principle the gov- ernment of the lupublic is conscious of defending no egotistical privileges, but universal interests. For the rest, it is ready to discuss any project, to trke any initiative, which will pro- duce the compensation of greater -low, HO when he arrived here, he! world stability or I'.yal reconciliations had already been away from Tun- '" peace. liuafu four month*. Returning * would certainly be no faster and that left him only one month In which side world" except ('hefoo. Grunted leave, he left his station, at Tunhua- fu, on his way to England. But Thibet Is far away, and travel Is I France Tightens Check on Aliens Secret Police Now Ride on All International Trains to Bar Violations on Passport* Paris. The French police hav g.-eatly increased the strictness of their surveillance over all foreigners, according to William P. Carney in ! The N.Y. Times. j France regrets her past hospitality. j to political exiles from other Kun- I pean countries, from among who** I rtnk.s have come the assassins of two of her Presidents, and the new regula- tions governing the entry of foreign- ers into the country and their sojourn here are being enforced by the poliea in co-operation with the immigration authorities. Members of the Surete Generate, the secret police, now ride on all inter- national trains to n.ake a second ex- amination of the passports of all paa- sengers after they have been hurried- ly stamped at the frontiers by the im- migration officers. The same procedure is carried out on all boat trains, which connect at French ports with steamers from th United States and the Orient. Fines imposed on hotel keepers wh fail to report to the police within twenty-four hours that they have given lodging to foreigners have been greatly increased. Foreigners wish- ing to remain in France more than sixty days formerly were required to obtain identification cards from tho police. Now they are obliged to get such cards after staying only two weeks. Inasmuch as there are now 4,000,- 000 foreigners who desire to live in- definitely in France, a tremendous amount of documentation is necessary and large clerical staffs are kept con- tinuously busy in the identification- card department of the Prefect ol Felice. In 1906 there were only about 1,000,000 foreigners residing more or less permarently in France. The number of foreigners who have fled to France from their own coun- tries to escape starvation of the -tyr- anny of oppressive governments ha* steadily increased since the reign ->f Louis Phillipe. The secret police are responsible for surveillance over political exiles who have sought refuge in France. Whenever one of these is caught en- gaging in any kind of plot against the existing government in his own country his identification card is with- drawn and he is summarily expelled from France. Such police measures as these might havi prevented the assassination of President Doumer by the Russian ex- tremist Gorg-uloff last month. Presi- dent Sadi Carnot was murdered by an Italian anarchist in 1894. 100-House Villages Planned by Chinese Nanking. Ten rules for a system- atic construction of villages in the northwest have been issued by the Sulyuan Provincial Government. The plan will cover a period of four years. Five persons will be elected as a construction committee for each vil- lage to be constructed. Kach village will be limited to 100 houses. The first year will be devoted to the build- ing of homes and barns; the second i - / I i . * 4 Ottawa and Foreign Trade As soon as satisfactory arrange- me. nts have been made ut Ottawa for reorganizing the Empire, so as to make the most of its economic ca- pacity in all directions, each foreign nation should bo considered on its merits and offered terms for negotia- tion. If this question of .suitably blending our foreign trade relations with our development scheme within the Empire can be settled satisfactori- ly, so as to give a stimulus both to in- ter-Imperial trade anil to international trade at the same time, the one would react favourably on tho other and an Important step Will have been taken towards the Improvement of world economic conditions. Hut If, on the other hand, Ottawa leads to an ull-llil- tlsh economic policy of Isolation on narrow, well-contained Imperial lines, ignoring tho foreign trade of Civat Britain and her Dominions, there will bo a grave, danger that Ottawa may merely drive ono more, nail Into the ooflln of our world economic system. Major Poison Newman In tho Nine- teenth (,'nntury (London I. Intelligence of Animals All observers and writers agree - ..K ^ ...uc~ _ uu -...<,, lu ....,. to go from Shanghai to__England , tnat blr , Is and anllnaU are en( , owed year , th . vl ,, age walla and gtr eets; with an extraordinary sagacity and' the third year to the building of go- Instlnct to a far greter extent than j ernment buildings, and the fourth year we give them credit for. How i to public buildings, schools, amuse- wonderfully a dog understands his' meat places, and parks. 1 1 . * > " and back -a manifest Impossibility so he started back to spend anoth- er nine years In Thibet. Falls "Clear"? OTHER OPINIONS Europe on the Brink In an atmosphere of Impotence'. nervelossiKiss and fatalism Kurope In drift Ing helplessly towards even more Ktonny waters than threaten already to engulf It. Every day gome new evi- ili-nco of tho deterioration of the gen- eral situation comes to hand. Not a country, with tho temporary exception of our own, hardly one but goes on Imposing new restrictions on Imports In the dosperato hope of somehow keeping the trade balance oven. Tho (HmYultles at Lausanne uro vast, but the consequences of failure would be too grave to contemplate. The temp- tation Is to temporize! and drift. The effect f hint would be to double all the illffirultlos when the Conference, met again. The whirlpool doos not recede. master's habits and wishes, and how faithful l n his affection! This has Kach village will be constructed ao cording to a definite plan. Each house been the theme of countless stories : owner must pay $30 Mexican to the In the past hundred years and what | village committee, owner of a dog to-day could not tell terms of labor. remarkable stories from their own ; , experience. The horse, too, what wisdom and Judgment he can ex- hibit whe n treated with kindness and Intelligence. These are the two pre- eminent friends of man but the same characteristics will bo found in every species of bird or animal when they are domesticated and treated in a reasonable an ( | humane manner. They or may pay in King Alfonso's Fortune Confiscated by Spain Madrid. Former King AUonso'a private fortune was declared confis- -} cated recently by the director of the Spanish Ueuublic's treasury. The fortune included moro than add immensely to tho Joy of living 1 * 2 ' 500 ' 000 iu cash u " d securities, as I well as other possessions valued at and Is It not reasonable that we should defend and protect them from cruelty and exploitation! -J. J. Kt'lso. more than $500,000. The money ami bonds would bo at- tached to the- public treasury and the immovable property would belong to the state, the director said, lie re- ciueer vealed that 21,000,000 pesetas (aboul $l,70i),dOOl worth of seized property is sold that din-ins the making of had not belonged to the deposed king. I - Some Qveer Laws Miisx.idui.iPtts has some laws, hut other states can beat the film "Disorderly Conduct" search was made for odd statutes and anuiiii; dozens of others those were found: That Pennsylvania his a law forbidding singing in the bathtub; that In Kentucky any one operating a still must blow a whistle; that Im- but to societies Silled. over which lie pre- "Mystery" Rail Excursion A "Mystery excursion" is the latest personating Santa Clans on the street vonture ot Rn American railway com- is Illegal in Minneapolis; that In pany to stimulate passenger business. West Virginia It Is BRalnst the law Ntlthr the passenge.'s nor the train- to sneeze o,, Sunday; that in New- men knov ' "here the excursion is go- ark. N.J., It Is Illegal ti sell Ice after * " lltu the tral " leaves. After the six p.m. without a doctor's pres-rlp- traiu l >lllls out the -Ki"eer receives his sealed orders. The first trip was 100-mile ride; a twenty-flve-mile automobile ride, a chicken dinner, and a ride home an eleven and a half hour holiday for $1.75. There were C50 passengers on the first adventure, and the railway company announced there would be tlon, and that in Xion. 111.. It Is a crime punishable by a prison sen- t-'iico to mako ucclv faces at any line. A S|K>, liu-ulnr action picture showing Tom Cox of Pasadena, Cali- fornia, being thrown off his motorcycle In the Murphy Canyon hill climbing ontost. Pine Blister Spores Fly Far Amhorst, Mass. Spires of white pine blister rust are known to have more excursions , the near f(|(ure down 700 miles to Infect currant bushes, Massachusetts State College research workers report. Rut spores * . Pinch of Salt A pinch of salt placed in the water which develop on currants can travel w ill preserve the freshness of flowers only a few hundred feet to Infect the r or n longer length of time than their natural life.