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Wednesday July 10 1991 Community News Page 13 Gardening Gardening methods changing Gardening in Canada is chang ing as conditions and lifestyles evolve One trend the Canadian Garden Council notes is a move away from wellmanicured lawns to other methods of ground cover ing In many cases particularly in municipalities where water shortages have become common water restrictions have lead to the demise of the traditional lawn kept green all summer The Council says this may not necessarily be a good trend Last year James Beard professor of physiology and ecology at Texas A and University an internationally noted turf expert commented on this subject He said that it was mans decisions and methods concerning specific cultural practices that create a high water use rate in turfgrasses such as the ones we use in most of Canada cool season bluegrasscs not the plants themselves Contrary to what some people and groups may propose grass can indeed by a conserver of water and energy Perhaps one of the least recognized functional benefits of turfgrasses is the ability to entrap and hold rainfall better than most surfaces thereby reducing water loss by runoff and enhancing the poten tial for groundwater recharge In a related dimension turfgrasses are one of the most costeffective means of trapping and holding surface water that may be carry- Ing eroded soil and organic chemicals thereby reducing the amount of siltation and organic chemicals that enter sewers streams rivers and lakes Grass also offers a unique cooling capability that greatly enhances the comfort people in highly populated urban areas it accomplishes this at no cost of outside energy or the burning of carbon dioxide creating fossil fuels Studies now in their fourth year consistently demonstrate that actively growing turfgrass will reduce surface temperatures by degrees in comparison to bare soil Cement asphalt and stone also act as heat sinks with surfaces much hotter than turf As an added benefit turfs growth process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere which has been identified as one of the potential factors that may cause global warming By ab sorbing carbon dioxide and releasing clean oxygen the grass plant is helping cool the earth well as our homes There are many other func tional benefits of typically overlooked by the general public These include 1 soil erosion control which pro tects a vital resource dust stabilization noise abate ment glare reduction 5 safe ty vehicle operation and 6 reduced fire hazard It should be noted that these functional benefits derived from turfgrasses are closely inter related with water in a number of situations Furthermore even turfgrasses that are tan to brown in colour due to summer drought stress still retain many of the im portant benefits discussed here And once regular rainfalls oc cur the grass will generally bounce right back green There are a number of steps that homeowners may take to help ease the burden on a diminishing water supply Fre quent light watering of lawns should be completely avoided It can do more harm than good even for what may have once been very strong growing lawns Applications that only moisten the surface of the leaves and barely penetrate the soil will weaken the root structure because the grass plants will have little need to sink down deep roots seeking adequate moisture Shallow roots will be at a soil level that dries out very quickly thus depriving the grass plants of needed water and they soon die Infrequent deep watering in the early mornings or evenings will help the plant establish ade quate roots and provide sufficient moisture between watering To determine when to water probe the soil with a screw driver or even better use a probe that removes a core of soil at least 1015 cm inc deep When the soil is dry or the probe is difficult to insert into the ground its time to water Probing should be done in several locations around the garden because some soil areas may hold water better than others Treeshaded areas may not need as much water while areas near heatreflecting buildings or adjacent to concrete or other pavement will dry out faster In highefficiency inground ir rigation with automatic con trollers is not possible the homeowner should use the largest inside diameter garden hoses available The sprinklers should be a type that delivers large water drops and not a fine mist which evaporates easily Uniform sprinkler patters are also important to avolde dry spots in one area and runoff in another just by a single sprinkler The need Tor a good quality sprinkler cannot be em phasized too strongly When watering is done the ob ject should be to moisten the soil to a depth of cm 46 in The amount of time needed to do his depends on a number of fac tors soil type and density water pressure type of sprinkler and the presence of lawn thatch Generally the sprinkler will need to remain in one position for at least an hour to attain this needed penetration WINDSHIELD REPAIRS We 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