The following text may have been generated by Optical Character Recognition, with varying degrees of accuracy. Reader beware!

rj-.J^.i.T.J. ' J^ ' .J By "'.1^W..J.. U < W â- PIM mH 5 ' f * THE B RITISH BUDGET Lower Income Taxâ€" Old Age Pensions- Surplus Over $17,000,000. A dps'^lcli from (jondon snys ; The 'Iwc oulsTandinf.' features in Iho bndgol slntoincnt brouKlit di)\vn to the House of Coiiitiioiis h}' Mr. AsquiU). Chancellor of th* KxchiVjuor, won* llie aiuiounceinont ol a rpduction of Iho income lax hy Ihrooppiice in Ihu pound, and Ihi; state- nn-nl by thi- Clinncellor thai a fund wits lo bo stiirled lo provide for the honor- able relief of noci>*>ilou.s old age. Till'. I'KNSION FUND. The surplus nvcr exi)c'ndiliirfi this voar would b<> $l7,lfiri.(ino. and after making a!l reductions there wnuld be a di>|io.sal surplus of .SO.KVi.OlV). Of this $l.065,()()0 would be relauied f<ir etniTKi^ncics. The roiniiinlni,' S7,ri()0.0(j() would Iw invested and would fonn Ihe nucleus of an old- a({e |K-iision fund. In addition there would be .S:i,75(),OOi) of uncolleclod ar- rears of this years income tax. Thi.9 would .swell the fund to $II,250,U)0. TIinKFI'J-.Ncr. OFF INCOME TAX. Mr. Asqullh .stalwl that he did not in- tend lo make any reduction Ihi.s year in indirect taxation. He intended, however, lo deal with the income lax incidence, which in iLs pri-seiil .shape worked un- Ju.slly. Karned incomes under $10,000 a year would hereaft»*r only pay nine- pence, «|iii,. ti„> existin),' lax of a shil- \inii ill the |xiund .slerlm{{ on unearneii Incoine.s would remain. Tlii.s reilucllon would be in addition lo all Ihe present rebates, but it would be condned to the earned Incomes of penvms whose total hieoine from all sources did not e.xceed $10,rKJO Q year. DEATH DUTIES RKVI.SED. Chancellor of the Exchequer e.sli- the loss from tlii.> differentiation income lax ul $(i,250,(MXj. of thi.s, â- er, S:i.75fi.(XXj would not recur, but he made up by a revi;«ion of the dulieji as follow.s :â€" Five per cent. pn-sent on j>,.)(),noo and under, $750,000 7 per cent.; above .$1,250,- IXT cent.; ulx)v.' $2,5uo,(XH), 9 per above $3,750,001, and up to Thei mated of flie howev would death as at abovo (KM), 8 cent.; $r..noo.OOO, lO per cnt.. On estates of 810,000,000, U per cent, woukl be levied on the second $5,000,000. On estates of $15,000,000 or over fO per cent, would bo levied on the hist .'i!.">.i)00.()Oo, and 13 per cent, on every other .?j.000,000. THE DEBT IlEDUCED. Mr. .Ascpiith estimated the expenditure for 19O7-'0H at S7O3.7H5,()00, iis«,320,00o less than for last ILscal year. The reve- nue on Ihe existing basis o( taxation was estimated to be «7i0,O5O,00O. The pennanent rcduclwn of the na- tional debt tor l!»06-'07 was announced to he «(>8,570,(X)0. The treiLsury rccnipt.s for the year had Ijeen over $IO,000,(KJO in exce.ss of the estlnmttts, unanticipated death duties accounting for .l!C,00t).000 of this sum, while Iho balance was made up of in- crea-sejl receipts from the coal duty and the mint. The latter wa.s duo to the in- creased demand for coinage on account of Iho i)rasperous state of trade, and Ihe large amount of silver, aggregating $.',50O,(JO0, requned for varied purposes. nE\ENUR NOT ELA.STIC. As a whole, tho revenue returns, Ihe Chancellor addinl, had not .shown great elasticity, and in view of the uiulnuhU^d pwsperoiLS slato of trade they were dis- tinctly disappiiinting. The reduction in liio tea duty in the last budget had been followed by increa.sed consumption, amounting to l.^OO.OOO pounds. The revenue from lohacoo had not rea- lized expectations, and there had been a progressive tormidable divline in the rtvonue from the alcohol groups since IMO until last year. As Chancellor of (he Exchequer, he, Mr. Asquilh, was glad to say that there were signs of a <lennite n'liclion, and the pre.sent year had furnished an increa.so of .S2,WO,(iOO in these receipts. There had been a fall- ing off in the revenue from stamps owing to the blackness of operations on tho Stock Exchange, and U) the fuel that the telephone was suiKjrseding letters. CLOSi: PLANTI.NG. Will Produce Uotler Tindier Trees Than Wider Spachiflâ€" Ollur Advuiiingrk. • Foresters plant very young and small trees and plant them very close together. From four to six feet apart each way is the usual dislonco in for<\stry plaiif- um now-a-days, tlv)Ugli lass and greater tiislunces have Iheir advocates. Of Course, in planting an orchard, ..r sha<Ie-tree.s, or, soy maple.'; for a sugnr- I'lish, tho trees will lie planted farther apart; but in planting for the puriwse of raising a wood-lot Ihe figures given above hold. Hy thus crowding the trees belter limber is produce<l, tor the trees will grow taller and siraighler. .Such Irei's will bo found naturally In a thick wtnid .IS cxjiiipared with a more open one. The dead branches will fall oft better ;in other Words, the tree will prune it- self iK'lter) and tho tlmlx^r will be freer fr<'m knots. Another reofton for close planting is to bring the crowns of the trees to- gether williin a rea.sonable time. The dl.slanoe l)etw<»en llu> Uvtm should be such that the trees will come together in at least six to eight years; if in less lime, all Ihe belter. The soil will be Improved and the growth in height •' f th«^ trees increased by this meeting of the crown.i. In some regions (Ihe prairie country, ffir instance) cullivalion is neoe.s.sary for the lirsl few years after planting the trees; and under these conditions Ihe clo.se planting sborlens the lime during which it is necessary to cultivate the plantalion. Where a plantation lias been made with Ihe trees four tee\ apart each way (at least, in the provinces < f Manitoba and .Saskatchewan) it Is foimd that Ihrcc years' cultivation will suffice; If the trees were put six feel apart each v/ay, cultivation would l)e necessary for twice that lime, or even longer. Wooden water pipes are to be tested in Ixmdon. 1 Altoona, Penn., Now Burning: Ashes and Saving Money. A despatch from Allo<ma, r'enn.,says: The rcmnrUnble aslies-buining secret dLscovcred by John I'.llnMire, an Allo<ina Cobbler, whiirli has excited attention al- ukpsI the world nvi'r, is out. Almosl c\ery houselKjMor In All<H)na is now conveiiing bis ashes iiil.r fuel, with greal saving in coni bills. Svtial will-kniiwii clii'iiiisls, Iriiniedi- nlely it WMS announced thai I'.lliiiore bad solved Ihe problem of oblaining J-.eal from ashes, set to wfiik to try and discover the formula. They were suc- cessful, and here it is:â€" Moisten with either sail watiT or salt water in which oxalic acid has b i di.s.solve*J a mix- ture containing one part coal and three parts a.shes, and a belter fuel than [iiire c<iat is oblnined. The aslii's of anllira- clte coal burn as readily as do those of hilmnlnous coal. 'I'his mixture will, ujion being placed U|)on a burning fire, fii.si' Inio t\ coke-like mass and di'ixisjl but llllle ri'sldue. The salt water may l;e obtained by the diss<j|ullon of com- mon salt In water. The chemicnl action of llils compouml f!f tiuis explained: â-  When an a(piiy)us nclulion of an alkaline salt, such as common salt, is mixe<l with coal ash Ihe result Is that a mild lyn is Nu-inetl, which, when mixed with any (â- <iudnis||ble material, such as cnal, and upon the np- pllcnilon of hoot, gives off oxygen gas. thus pwinollng rapid cnn'bu.stiim. The nildilloii of oxalic acid causes t chemical change <pf giealer value limn the first, for Ilic re;i-on llial the .serond chemical lireakdown results In Ihe for- nmt-on of n carbide, which in liini gives of! acolylcne gas, this adding I. the hi- a ad- tlor I OS will lensily of Ihe heat and facilitating com p!ele combustion. It is po.ssible upon moislening small quanlily of aslies, withoul Ihe i dltioii <,t coal, to rciidiiy detect tlio oi ':f acolyleiie gas, and if the treated as' -n placed ii|)on a lighted lire they fuse and burn to a due [xnvder. The ash-burning cnmiwiind is now be- ing used in many large in<hislrial and niercaulile places here, ond it Is claimed foi it tliat it has reducetl Ihe fuel Hem more than halt, it tms eliminati\i al- most enliiely Ijie question ol dLsimsing o' iishes, which lias been coii.sidcrahle where great qunnlitlcs of coal are con- sumed. The <li.scovery has resiillod In a num- ber of compllcallnns. and is n-tai Ihe work of paving contractors •ding whe ..I. ..â- .!,> .11 (Mninj; i.^miraciors wlio have iililized a.shes as a f(Jundalion for .sidewalks. Ilerelorere it was possible Ul secure all IhP ashes reciuired for this pur|K)se wilhoiit cost, but conlraclors are now com()laining Ihut il is impos- sible to gel Ihein. i:i|iMore, who discovered the secr.^l and focused alteiillon upon Ihe 'i)o.s.si- bilitics that lurlicd in ashes, claims that hi., palciil will prnlecl his .soi'rel. He claims to have received an offer fi-oui Ihe Ih-ilish Covernmenl if he can de- uu.nslrale llie pracllenl)llily of his com- pound. While il Is everywhere conceded Hmt Ellmore has cunfirred a groat Ixxm up- on humanlly, it is feared llial he will not derive any tangible U'liefils from his di.scoverv. In view of llic fad that huiiilreds of others have secured the sauie results, tiillowing his load. LEADING MARKETS BUEADSTUFF.S. Toronto. April 23.â€" Whealâ€" Ontario, No s; while winter. Tic to 72%c; No. i! red lie to 72Xc; No. 2 mixed, Tic. Manitoba Whealâ€" No. I hard, 86>ic lo 87c; No. 1 northern, 85>^c lo »6c, lake jKirLs, 90c North Bay; No. Z northern, 83j^C lo Mc iwrls. OaUâ€" No. 3 while, 38Xc to 39>ic, out- side; .No. i mixed, 3Sc to 38>^c. lVas-78o lo 7«Xc. Cornâ€" Strong; No. 2 yellow American, 53c to 53%c, Toronto and west; Ontario, 4.")C lo 4<)C. Hye-C2c to 03c. Barleyâ€" .Scarce; No. 2. nominal at 53c I'l IW^^e outside; No. 3 extra, 52c !o 52Xc;: No. 3, 51c lo 51Kc. Flourâ€" Ontarioâ€" 90 per cent, patents, $.1.70 asked. $2.67 bid; Manitobo. first patents, 8i.50; seconds, $3.75; l)akers'. $3.90. Hronâ€" $20 outside, buyers' aaclis; nom- inal. PROX'lSlONS. Dressed Hogsâ€" $9.25 for light and S«.7."> for heavies, fanners' lots; $8.25 lo $8.;t5 for car lots. Pork- Short cut. $23.50 to $24 per bar- rel: mess, $21 to $21.50. .Smoked and Dry .Salted Meatsâ€" I/ing clear bacon, lie to ll^c for tons an<l caws; hams, medium and light. 15X<- 10 Itic; heavy, 14>ic to 15c; backs, K%i- to 17c; .shoulders, lie lo 11 %c; rolls. tlJic; out of pickle, Ic less than smoked. l.ardâ€" Firm; tierces, 12>i;c; tubs, 12>^c; pails. 12%c. DEATH IN MONTREAL FIRE Thirtjr Women Hemmed in and Tliree People Killed. COUNTRY PRODUCE. Butler- Market al present liolds very steady. Creamery, prints 27c lo 20c do .s<i;ids 2Ccto27c Dairy, prints 2."iclo2Cic <lo" tubs 21c to 23c r,hee.se-^**tettdy al Ik for large und I'l.V^c for Iwins. Eggsâ€" Unchanged at 16c to t7c; splits, 13%c lo Uc. i'oultry- Quiet, and prices generally nominal. Chickens, live 10c lo 11c do dri'swd 12clolle Hens, live Soto '.V do dressed 1()c lo 1 1 c Honeyâ€" I'ails. lie lo 12e H).. Combs. $2.50 lo $2.75 pep doz. Beans- $1.50 lo $|..55 for hand-picked and $1.35 to $I.;o for primes. I'oiBtoesâ€" fmtarlo, 8."ic lo 90c; eastern. 95c. in car lots here. Haled Ha.v- SI2.50 lo $13.50 for No. 1 tiniotiiy ami $10 to .SIl.SO for secondary grades, in car lots here. Baled Strawâ€" $7 per ton in car lots here. .MONTREAL MARKCT.S. .Montreal, April 23.â€" Tho market tor cats is firm; for No. 2 white 43e is quot- ed, and lower grades. No. 3, Mc and No. 4. Ic lower. For Manitoba No. 2 while. 43>ic Ls quoted. Bnrkwheatâ€" 55c Ui 5t5>^c per bushel. (>)rnâ€" -American .No. 2 yellow, 55c; No. 3 mixed, C'lC ex store. I'easâ€" B<iiling peas, $1 in carload lots and SI. 10 in jobbing lots. I'loiirâ€" Manihdja spring wheat. .$4.25 to $\.Cin; slrongibrikers', $1 lo .$1.10; win- ter wheat patents. Si. 10 lu $4.25; siraighl ivillers, $:t.C.O to S:t.7(); do., in tjags, $1.05 to $1.75; extras, S1.50 lo 81.55. Millfeed- Manitoba bran. In bags, $20 lo $22; .slKirls, .$22 U, $22.50; Ontario bran. In bags, $20 lo $21; shorts. .$22 h. $,'0.50; milled niouille. $21 lo $25; slraight groin, $2K lo $20 per Ion. Rolled Oat.sâ€" Per bag. $1.90 lo $2. Hay-No. 1. $l:l..-,0; No. 2. .1112.50; No. 3, $11. .'SO; clover mixed. $11; pure clover. $in.,50 to $11 per ton in car lots. Eggsâ€" There are no changes and the quotation of 17c to 17>ic per dozen still holds good. lhilter-0'wl'»'i"n^ ff"" finest, ^ir. while for winter make, 20c lo 28c is be- ing asked. Cheese- 1.1c Is still quoted fop oM while and \iSc is the quotati<in for fod- ders. Pwvisionsâ€" Rnrrel."! .short cut mess. $22.50 In $23.50; half barrels. $11.7.*) to $12.50; clear fat baik. $21 to $H..50: long out heavv mess. $20. .W to $22; half bai- rels do., $I0.7."> to $11.50: dry sail, lon^ ciear bacon. 11 ^e lo l-2]4c; barrels plate beef. $12 to $13; half barrels do.. $(>.','5 to .«ir).75; barrels heavy mess beef. $)<.,50. half barrets do., .$0.75; compound binl. OV^c to lOVlJe; pure lard. 12Kc to 1.3c: kettle rendered. 13e lo 13^0;- hams. He U) Ifi'^c. nrroi'ding lo size; breakfast bn- crn. 15c to tOe; Windsor hneon. 15e lo Ifi'/^c: freph killed ahnltoir dressed hogs, $10; alive, $7.25 to S7.10. BUFFALO MARKI'.T. { Buffalo, April 23.â€" Flour-Firm. Wheal Sprmg (piiel; No. 1 Northern, 87%c: Winter nominal. fUirn-'Easier; No. 2 yellow. h\Xc; No. 3 while, ,51V. Oats- Dull; No. 2 while. M)4c; No. 2 mlx(\l. 4l^c. Barleyâ€" Western quoli\l, 07 to 75c. Rve~Firm;No. 1, in store, 72c ask- ed. NEW YORK WIIE.VT MARKIH'. New Y<jrk, .April 23.- Whealâ€" Spot sleady: No. 2 red. R:t>i;c elevator; No. 2 red, 81Ji;c f.<i.li., afloat; No. I norlheru Dululh. 9l'!,;e, opening navigation, f.o.h. alloat; .No. 2 tiard winter, S7%c, open- ing navtgalion, f.o.b. alloat. I.I\E .STOCK MARKET. Toronio, April 93.- Export cnllle wore (pilot. Willi not many <ii Ihom offering. I 1 almusi every cn.se e\|>oit quality sold as Imlchers'. .V few suld for export al prices slibhlly easier. Quolalioiis are a A despatch from Montreal says: A most disastrous lire broke oul at 3 oclock on Thur.s<Jay afternoon in the premises of the Canada .Steam Laundry 4 Uye Wtjrks. corner of .St. Justin and SI. Catherine streets. As a result of the fire two charnd and burned bodies, sup- posed lo he lho.se of .Mrs. Furlong and VVin. Marlineau. lie in Uie morgue, and Mrs. Giroux, who was severely injured, has since died, making the third vic- tim. •SEVERAL WERE INJURED. The severely injured arc:â€" Mrs. Li'-agle, severely burned and fracturetl innbs: Albertina Paradis, broken arm an<l severe burns; Albertina I'roulx, fractured leg und burns; Janet Leitb, burned and injured internally by fall- n 1 m the (ieneral Hospital. 'Ihe others injured are:- .\fi.ss Emma -lienne. burned and rib broken; Miss I.eriha McKercher. burns on face and arm broken; .Miss Levigne, burns on rf.ee and back; Mi.ss Rodgier, suffering from burns and shock; Miss Bowenfant burns on back. THIHTY WO.MEN HEMMED IN. The fire broke out in the second story or a three-story building through the ex- plosion of benzine in the engine room. Ihe building was old and Ihoroughly saturated with benzine, and as a result Ihe flames spread with fearful rapidity, and in an uicro<lihly short period Ihe building was a ma.ss of names. Thirl v women and girls were in the se<X)iid and third slorirs. and became panic-strick- en as the devouring names cut off their way to Ihe fire escape in front. THREW THEMSELVES OUT. Terrified by the flames Ihal were de- vouring Iho building, many of them rushed to the windows and threw them- seves out, preferring to be dashed to pieces rather than be burned to deatli. Two of the first girls who jumped es- caped serious injuries, but half a dozen others who followed were seriously hurl. Although the firemen quickly respond- €" to the alarm, and had sixteen streama playing on the doomed building within n few minutes, it was inipo.ssible to quench Ihe fire. Two bodies were re- moved to the morgue all charred and burned so that their identification was impo.ssible. From the list of employees they are thoughi to be Mrs. Furlong and Wm. Martineau. HEART RENDING SCENES. The news of the disaster spread lik« wildnre. Most of the girls lived neat their place of work, and mothers and sifters were on the spol in a minute, rushing lo and fro in quest of tlieii loved ones. As face after face appear ed al the flame-swept windows mothers culled frantically to their daughters la jump, and siretched pleading arms l<i them to come. The white-faced victims would turn .â- â€¢nd cast n despairing look at the flanH-s behind, and then leap from the third story windows. A.s the mournful looking waggons xver* filled and went off with Iheir loads men and women fought to see if it was their loved ones who were being hurried away, and turneil away sobbing as th« viclims lurned oul lo be some other per- sons. little lower, but are practically nominal. Bulcliers' catlle were offering freely. Top sales ranged around $5.10 to .$5.15, with Ihe Imlk of Ihe gixxl butchei's' offer- ings .selling fr<im $4.75 to $5. Choice cows were in demand anil firm, prices rimglug from $4 to $4.25. These prices, however, were for Ihe l>est, ordinary stock raiigi'd from $2.75 to $3.50. .Stoeker.s and feeders are in g(Jod de- mand und prices at-e firm. Choice, $3.75 I ) St. Milch cows are slightly easier, with a ijuiel deniund. Prices range from .$30 lo $15, extra choice .selling u]) lo $50 to $55; conuiion. .$25 to $30. Veal calves are steady and unchanged at 3 to Cc per lb. ."^Iiee)) and grain-fed lambs arc firm and unchanged, but conmion lambs arc sl<iw and 50c easier. .Spring lombs are steady und unelianged. Hogs are unchangoil al .$6.40 for select fed and watered. SMALLPOX ON A C. P. R. STEAMER. Empress ol lapan Detained at Williams- head- Chinese Crew Infected. A despatch from Victoria. B. C, sa.vs: Tlie Empress of Japan, with Ihe over- seas mail, oullound. is detained at Wil- linmshend quarantine station with small- p.ix. Four cases have been landed, and Iho vessel is being fumigated. The cases are among the C.hinese crew. THEIR BO.\T i:PSET. William Mark Drowned Opposilt Bruckville. A despatch from Brockville says: .Missing a stmke in the water with Ids oars. Win. Mack, while rowing from Morrislown, a small village opposil< Brockville, was drowned on Saturday night. In company with his brother-in- law, Joseph Mars, ho was returning from Morrislown, where they had ferried two pas.sengei"s, and, giving a sudden jerk on the oars, the boat capsized. Mars' cries for help were lienrd by Pelei Fi'azer, a young man, who wenl lo hia assistance and succeeded hi lamling him on an isliuul. Ho tlien went lo the vil- lage for assistance. Mars became un- conscious when pulled oul of the water, and il was not until three horn's lalei that he told of Mock being with him Searching parlies xvere out on Sunday but the body has not been founiL Tin drowned man was 22 yeai's old, anc leaves a wife and three months' o\i child. Fifty thousand dollars are to be e.x pcndud by the Dominion Ciovornnienl it improving Ihe weilern entrance to To ronio Harlxir. Francis .Barner, aged fifleen years, o! Dover township, nccideulally sliol him self while hunting niusl<rats. on Satur day, and died in a couple of horn's. MILLIONS ARE STARVING. Russian Famine Sufferers Require Aid for Montlis. A despatch from Ix)ndon says: Writ- ing from Ihe Dussian famine district, l)r Kennard, who was sent by the So- ciety of Friends lo investigate condi- li<,ns among the peasantry, draws an appalling picture of lUo suffering. Ho says: â€" "This is Ihe worst famine Ru.ssia has known. No le.ss than 20,IXK),000 ixniplo distributed throU'lhoiit Ihe southeastern uiv-ivinces cannot live without did lo see another hiuvest, and I may say thai this llgure has been not only approved I'Vllie '/.emslvo organization, bill also bv the Covernnient Itself. The dale if the harvest will vary with the latitude and tho lamine-slrickcn rogicn U spread iver such a w iile area ftlve times Ihe .size of France) that iiMU'e than ten do- iirees of lalilude are involved. This moans that in direct proiKirlion from south to north the harvest will bo from ji Iv 3 lo 23. It will be seen that funds win be noedod to the end of July lo toed all lhi"'^e millions, and then the har- \est will bring relief, but there are many hundreds of thousands to whom the har- vest will not bring relief, for they have neither land nor calllo. The few cows Ihnl are in existence are in such a plti- (ul condition Iheniselvos that they are useless tor milking piiriK).-os. Tlio re- MiH is thai babies and young iliiMron aiv being forctvl lo eat Itio coarse black broad and the indigestible yoimg cii- ciinibor.s which are luxuries lo the adult Russian peasant '.o-day. but are death l.^ the babies, or al any rule spell dis- ease. These people have .sold llioir all. and in mo>l case? Iwvo likow ise s ild in advance all tli'il 111- h:ir\esl iiiiglit bring them. Meanwhile epiilemics < f ili.seu.so add lo Ihe lorrible conditions oblaining. The diniculties encountered of relieving these people are made ten limes wors«> now owiug to Ihe practi- cally impa.s.sable condition of Ihe coun- try mad-.. Th.' winter .'snows arc moiling und projecting vast volumes of water in countless crtaracls hiward mother \'olga. and neither man nor beast can hope lo do anything in tho way ol travel." CHINAS CIIILDERN DYING. -A despalc|i from Sl.nnghai savs' Thn following are extracts from the retH>rls jiist received of foreigners in four f.^. mine centres: â€" "Vaow!in---rhe famine is growinc worse. Cluldrea dying in g,eat nuni- 'Suehion- Almost oul of supplies Need large amounts iimnodiatelv to con' tinue Ihe relief commonced " ' "Singkiangi)ii-Many dving. m„.s( .ip. crease relief wiuk iiule.ss larger "shin, monts of supplies arc received " "l.ukiawielseâ€" The whole couiilrv â- Â» in the dee)iest distress. Hefu^-eos Wlic went south hoping lo lind r.-lief are re turning empty-hand 'd. i|,ero are pro co.ssiuiis <if iHsipIo Willi wheelbarrows transporting their ik).irs. lablos bd. and cuplHiarcls to market to be sold fn nlin:isl nothing. Hundreds of wonn- and chihlreii are .s,en in the fl-ld .seralehing out ro, :s and seaulv hliul. cl grass. Hundreds of tr.-os have 1»'.- stripped of llieir b:uk fi'o;n root to Ih highest branches '<ir use ns tisvl. Tii niaiorily of Ihe |)o])ulalion are livip on Willi ro d? e',-., und llicso are ca;: ing disen-os.''*'