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"<r"--rrr-r-mn fc ff I t , ' .t"i '. f r- i t < «~»si-.- AN IMPERIAL COMMONWEALTH Sir Robert Borden's Visit to England. Fifty years ago the proposals for u ! Confederation had just been submit- j te< to the people at British North America, and in 1866 the statesmen j of the colonies assembled in London ; to settle with the Imperial Govern- j ment upon the terms of the agree- ; reent which was to establish the Do- minion of Canada. They accomplish- ; ed their mission. The scattered and [ disunited colonics were withdrawn to- : gether and the new community was 1 endowed with the largest powers of , self-government. By effecting this j result the London meeting in 1866 j completed one stage in the develop- ment of the British Empire. A house- | hold had been set up within the Em- pire, managing its own affairs. When , Australia and South Africa were pre- pared in like manner to direct their i own concerns they followed the pre- j cedent set in 1866, and secured from i the Imperial Government their free constitutions. j The Growth of Empiie. Yet, the establishment of these ' Dominions, while certainly a mile- stone in the progress of the Empire, ' left a long road still to travel. The \ new communities took charge of their local affairs, but they had as yet no voice in conducting the business com- mon to the whole Empire. Such com- mon concerns were left to the Gov- ernment at Westminster. It adminis- tered the great dependencies, it con- ducted the foreign policy of the Em- pire, it decided finally upon peace or war, it retained a final authority over all parts of the British Common- wealth. The authority of the Domin- ions was thus restricted within certain boundaries; and a citizen of Canad-i enjoyed a less ample prerogative than a citizen of th3 United Kingdom, since the latter alone elected the represen- tatives who determined the ultimate issues for the whole Empire. This difference could not be permanent. The Dominions once in control over their own business moved inevitably towards a larger participation in the business common to the Empire. Hence the 50 years since Confedera- tion have witnessed a series of meet- ings in London no less significant than that of 1866. Colonial statesmen have visited the Metropolis of the Empire to take part in Imperial Councils and gradually to assume a share in Im- perial responsibilities. The Fathers of Confederation have been followed by the Premiers of Canada, Sir John Thompson. Sir Wilfrid Laurier, and now Sir Robert Borden. The Imperial Conferences. Suitable occasions for the meeting of the Empire's counsellors were pro- vided by such great Imperial cere- monies as the Jubilee of 1887, the Diamond Jubilee of 1879 and the Cor- onation of 1902, attended by repre- sentatives of every community Bubject to the British Throne. These in the outward aspect typified for great multitudes of Imperial citizens better than any other agency the unity and variety of th(^ mighty State to which they belong. They also served to bring together around a council board British Ministers and tcprescntatives of the Dominions. The Colonial Conference first assem- bled in 1897 and developed into the Imperial Conference of 1902, 1907 and 1911, as it became firmly estab- lished. The scope of its meetings widened. From discus.sing trade and communications the representatives of the Dominions went on to consider Imperial Citizenship and Imperial De- fence Schemes for common defence were submitted to them, and, though rot always adopted, conveyed a lesson in Imperial patriotism. In 1911 the foreign policy of the Empire, which justified common preparations for de- fence, was disclosed to the statesmen of the Dominion. It is true that they were not asked to join in shaping the policy, still they wore given every op- portunity of studying it, and such a schooling could have only one ultimate purpose and result, that of preparing them for tlieir part in an Imperial Government which would determine the foreign policy of the Empire. All the Doors Thrown Open. Meanwhile the Imperial Defence Committee was taking shape in order to co-ordinate the defensive arrange- ments of the Empire and upon it Colonial Ministers were allotted their place. It was only an advisory body to the British Cabinet, yet its mem- bership was so repre.<;entative and im- poitart as to give its decisions great weight. It proved really an ante- chamber to the Cabinet; those who gaine<l admittance to it were close to ihe innermost councils of the Empire. Finally, the great war threw all the doors open. It showed as no logic would have done, how decisions taken at Westminster nffoctcd the lives and property of British citizens every- where. It proved the quality of those citizens l)eyon<l the sens who were not yet full pnitnrrs in the Common- wealth. It showed that their strength and goodwill were necessary to the saffty of the common flag. It placed upon their shoulders a share of the burden and found them able ami glad to carry the load. It m'ade necessary their participation in any settlement which would follow the strupgie and in all subsequent policy. It opened the way for the Dominions into the Injperial Cabinet. Sir Robert Borden, the Prime Minister of (IbdiuIu, the f.rst of the Dominion Ministers to visit England since the beginning of the war, was invited to attend a ses- sion of the Cabinet. The Final Authority. A journey by Sir Robert Borden to England at this time was natural and proper. He wished to inspect Cana- dian troops whether in training camps or at the front, to cheer his wounded fellow countr>-men, to discuss with the Imperial authorities the measures which all parts ot the Empire should adopt in discharge of the common obligation. His presence in London was a sign to our friends and our enemies of the unanimity of the Em- pire. Still the most significant epi- sode in his visit was the invitation to attend a meeting of the Cabinet. All the other functions ho could have dis- charged and yet have made no ad- vance beyond his predecessors in shaping the institutions of the Em- pire. Other episodes during his stay were certainly more dramatic, the meeting with the rulers of the Allies, the visit to the Canadian battery in France, the great review of our sol- diers at Shorncliffe. Yet no incident compared in importance with the gathering of a few civilians, unherald- ed, unattended, surrounded by no pomp or ceremony, to discuss around a table in Whitehall the common busi- ness of all the millions of their fel- low-citizens. No colonial had ever be- fore entered this Council Chamber. The final authority which the Cabinet exercised had not been shared with any citizen of the Empire from be- yond the seas. There now remained no council of the Empire from which a representative of the Dominions should be kept aloof. One by one the ante-chambers had been opened. Now a colonial stood in the inmost k'fcjm. All the arcana imperii were open be- fore him. The limits to his autonomy had been passed. He could now feel himself to be, in as complete a sense as anyone else, a citizen of his world- wide state. An Imperial Cabinet. It is true that the Prime Minister of Canada attended the meeting of the Cabinet by invitation, through the courtesy of the British Government. He was enjoying a privilege, not ex- ercising a right. The distinction is immaterial. What matters is that a representative of the Dominions shared in the final council of the Em- pire. His right to be present will ne- ver be urged. There will be no need of urging it, since no one will call it in question. His presence on one great occasion is a sufficient prece- dent. We proceed in our British way from fact to fact, rather than from one claim to another. The fact is un- assailable. All the counsels of the Empire were disclosed to a represen- tative of a Dominion in person. Sir Robert Borden may not attend an- other Cabinet meeting during this visit. It would be difficult indeed to make such attendance a practice. A vi.sitor could only catch snatches of 1 th«; business passing before the Cabi- net, the one case is enough. It has ' accustomed British people every- where to the idea that the delibera- â-  tions of the Imperial Government, ; which affect all the Empire, can and I must be shared with representatives ' of the Empire overseas. The idea ; will take shape much more quickly j than we should have thought possible j a few months ago, in a Cabinet truly Imperial, not restricted to citizens of the United Kingdom, but including re- presentatives from all the Dominions. Common to the Empire. The invitation to Sir Robert Bor- den has prepared the way for the formation of such a body which will deal with matters common to the whole British Commonwealth. The work of the Fathers of Confederation will then be complete. They gave Canada control over her local affairs, but those concerns which affected Canada together with the rest of the Empire were still left in the core of the Imperial Government. Canada will now have a voice in determining the policies which in any way affect her ami will at the same time partici- pate in the Government of the' Em- pire as a whole. The meeting of 18(i6 led inevitably to the meeting of 1915. The Imperial convention such as must follow the war will crown the efforts of all the Canadian statesmen who since the Confederation of Can- ada have joined in securing for their country hot true place in the British Commonwealth. The Fruit of M. Jullcn. That Canada should come to her full Ktature in these days is a natural consequence of the glorious part which she continues to play in the great war. The heroism of her sons could have no other outcome. To- gether with Australians, New Zca- Ian<ler8 and their fellow subjects from the dependencies they have given cheir lives for an ideal. The ideal ia in one sense (Canadian, for it includes a devotion to their own country; and yet it is broader and more eomprc- henaive than a purely tlanadian pn- triolism. It is a conception, vnguo enough in form, h>»t powerful in its ( ffec'ls, of a vost' community which we call the British F^mpire embracing many rr.cos and creeds, but at pence with itself, strong, but not brutal, united and yet tolerant towards all the different elements within, and to- wards the nations outside it, large enough to be free from envy and bit- terness. How their conception should be expressed in -sonstitutional forma , IN GAPIPRED WARSAW i The picture sliows the famous "ItefflmCnUil Cliurcb" lu Warsaw. may have concerned these heroes little. They died for much that was real, but much also that was a hope or an aspiration. It remains for those of their fellow-citizens who are responsible for the conduct of our common affairs to give shape to their ideal through the necessary institu- tions and laws. Sir Robert Borden's attendance at the Imperial Cabinet is a sign that the statesmen of the Empire will not shrink from this duty. St. Julien quickly bore fruit. The Prcmieri of Canada moved into that council cham- ber escorted by his mighty dead. They will attend him and other lead- ers of Canadian opinion until the Commonwealth for which they laid down their lives is well and firmly established. Like the Athenians over whose graves Pericles spoke, "They gave their bodies to the Common- wealth and received each for his own memory, praise that will never die, and with it the grandest of all scpul- chies, not that in which their mortal bones are laid, but a home in the minds of men, where their glory re- mains fresh to stir to speech or ac- tion aa the occasion comes by. For the whole earth is the sepulchre of famous men; and their story is not graven only on stone over their na- tive earth, but lives on far away, without visible symbol, woven into the stuff of other men's lives." Parasols were used by the ancienf Egyptians. Ninety-seven out of every hundred words in the English Bible are of Anglo-Saxon origin. In after years the perusal of a love letter that he wrote his wife before marriage makes a man feel like a lead nickel with a hole in it. "I believe our climate is changing." "Think so." "Our winters seem to be getting warmer." "Well, the women wouldn't wear enough clothes. The climate had to change. The women wouldn't." Dainty Dishes. Tomatoes Fried in Cream. â€" This is a German dish. Peel and cut fresh tomatoes into thick slices if tomatoes are large, or if small let them remain whole. Season, flour, saute in hot butter, then sift a little more flour over them (if needed) and add a cup of cream. Stew all together until the cream is thickened and the tomatoes are well cooked. Orange Mint Salad. â€" Sprinkle the carefully skinned and divided pulp of four oranges with two tablespoonfuls of powdered sugar, two tablespoonfuls of finely chopped, fresh mint leaves and one tablespoonful of lemon juice. Chill thoroughly and serve in glasses ornamented with sprigs of mint. If the oranges, are very juicy, pour off a portion of the juice before serving. Fruit Charlotte. â€" Use what fruits in season you like best. Make indivi- dual cases of light puff pastry. Whip up two cups of thick cream, sweeten and flavor to taste and have the fruit ready, raw or stewed. Put a layer of fruit in the case, then a layer of cream, then more fruit and top with cream. Decorate with bit of cherry or other bright fruit. Apple Cake. â€" For apple cake sift a pint of flour with a teaspoonful and a half of baking powder and half a tea- spoonf 01 of salt. Add two tablespoon- fuls of butter, rubbing it in thorough- ly, and then add a beaten egg and milk enough to make a thick batter. Spread the batter in a buttered tin to the thickness of an inch. Over the top spread quarters or eights of peel- ed and cored apples, and sprinkle with sugar and cinnamon. Bake in a hot oven. Cream of Rice Soup. â€" Rinse two tablespoonfuls of rice in a sieve un- der running water. Drop into a pint of boiling slightly salted water and boil for 20 minutes. Then add a quart of scalded rich milk. When it boils add two teaspoonfuls of corn- starch rubbed smooth in a little smooth milk, a teaspoonful of salt and onion juice and pepper to taste. Two teaspoonfuls of grated cheese may also be added and will much improve the flavor to most tastes. Cook for three minutes and then add a tea- spoonful of butter and serve. Lemon Rice Pudding. â€" Wash three- fourths of a cup of rice and put into a double boiler with three cups of boiling water, adding more water if needed. The rice should take up all this water. When cooked set aside to cool. Add three lightly beaten yolks of eggs, salt, a bit of butter and three tablespoonfuls of sugar, grated rftd of lemon and milk enough to make very moist. Bake forty-five minutes. Beat whites with liberal half-cup of granulated sugar until stiff, add juice of one lemon, spread over pudding, and brown slowly. Carrot Soup. â€" Two cups of peeled and chopped carrots, one-fourth cup I of rice, two cups of scalded milk, two I cups of water, two slices of onion, } two tablespoonfuls of flour, four ta- i blespoonfuls of butter, sprig of pars- ley, one and one-half teaspoonfuls of salt, pepper to taste. Cook carrots in water until tender. Press through sieve, saving liquid. Cook rice in milk in double boiler. Cook onion in butter, add flour and seasonings. Mix carrot pulp and liquid with rice and milk, and pour upon butter and flour. Bring to boiling point, drain and serve. If too thick, thin with cream or milk. Garnish with chopped pars- ley. Leg of Mutton in Blanketâ€" Make deep, parrow gashes in the thick end of a clean leg of mutton. Crowd in a mixed seasoning of salt, red and black pepper. Add a little minced onion, a little dry mustard and powdered herbs. Brush all over with melted butter or soft bacon fat. Th* sprin- kle lightly with salt, set on a rack in a roasting pan. Put in a very hot oven. Let brown, then rub over it a tart jelly melted in a little hot water and envelop in a crust of flour and water, made very stiff and rolled half an inch thick. Pinch the edges tight together, lay back in the pan, cover and bake in a hot oven. Take up, break the blanket carefully, lift out the meat and pour the gravy from the envelope into a small saucepan. Add to it either hot claret or a spoonful of tart jelly, a drop or two of tabasco, boil up and serve in a boat. >, Household Hints. Slice tomatoes with a bread knife with saw teeth. Wash yellowed linens and bleach them in the sun. Never put away a garment in need of mending. Wrap cheese in a cloth moistened with vinegar if you would keep it moist and free from mold. Lunch sets of large and small doil- ies are one of the best ways out of the tyranny of the tablecloth. Use milk instead of water for mak- ing pie crust, which is to be served cold. It will keep crisp longer. If rice and vegetables have to stand after cooking, it is best to co- ver them with a cloth under the lid to absorb the steam and keep them from becoming sodden. To utilize the tops of old stockings and also prevent the color of your preserved fruits from darkening, wash the tops and draw them over the jars after sealing the fruit in them. A milky jug should always be rinsed in cold water before being washed in hot. If the hot water is used first, the curd becomes set and the surface is not so easily cleansed. Fold a piece of emery paper in the centre and draw the knife rapidly back and forth several times, turning it from side to side. This is an ex- cellent sharpener for paring knives. A Tremendous Offering* of Peaches to the CANADIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY THE JORDAN HARBOR PEACH RANCH Wn.L COMMENCE SEPTEM- BER 1ST TO PACK AND SHH' 100,000 GALLON HOSPITAL SIZE SANI- TARY CANS, EACH CONTAINING 6 1/2 TO 7 LBS. OF SUPERB BRAND PEACHES FOR DISTRIBUTION THROUGH THE CANADIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY TO OVERSEAS HOS- PITALS IN BRITISH ISLES, FRANCE AND BELGIUM. This undertaking is of such magni- tude, representing fifty car loads of FRESH FRUITS and thp employment of over Two Hundred men and women dur- ing the PEACH SEASON, PACKING DAILY r>,QOO LARGE HOSPITAL CANS. These peaches are peeled, pitted and halved, then packed in large HOSPITAL SANITARY CANS, in HEAVY SYRUP, then crated (six cans in each crate), to be forwarded to destination thrt>ugh the CANADIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY. The total cost is FIFTY CENTS per CAN (50c). this charge includes»all ex- penses. These fruits are packed EX- CLUSIVELY for the CANADIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY AND CANNOT BE PURCHASED by the GENERAL PUB- LIC, as they are prepared and delivered to the CANADIAN RED CROSS SO- CIETY AT ACTUAL COST. By remitting 50 Cents through the CANADIAN RED CROSS SOCIETY, or direct to the JORDAN HARBOR PEACH RANCH, JORDAN STATION P.O., Ontario, it insures one of these Large Cans of BEAUTIFUL SUPERBA BRAND PEACHES going forward to tuir sick and wounded soldiers. Don't delay in accepting this OPPOR- TUNITY. THESE FRUITS are UR- (JENTLY NEEDED and will be much appreciated by our Gallant Defenders. . All SUBSCRIPTIONS will be duly ac- knowledged, and should be completed by Scptcmlwr 1st. Remit now. Contributions are being reoei'V'ed from all parts of Canada. THINK OF OUR SICK AND WOUNDED DEFENDERS IN OVERSEAS' HOSPITALS. It's UP TO YOU TO "DO YOUR BIT" AT ONCE. WHAT IS YOUR ANSWER? 'iWi-