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•»x-»»« phrm Crop QuGriQs ha' CONUUCTED BY PROF. HENRY G. BELL The object of this department is to place at the aer- vlce cf our farm readers the advice of an acVtnowIedged •uthority on all subjects pertaining to soils ?nd crops. Address all questions to Professor Hen.-y G. 3e!l, in care of The Wilson Publishing Company, Limited, Toron- to, and nnswors will appear in this column in the order In which they are received. Whan writing- kindly men- tion this paper. As space is limited it is advisable where Irrmediate reply is necessary that a stamped and ad- dressed envelope be enclosed with the question, when the answer will be mailed direct. R.B.: â€" Last fall B plowed seven different soils need different acres of clay Ivam. Has been in sod amounts? Also, if there is alfalfa for ten years I understand. I intend that will not heave out. We got a putting it in sugar beets if I can get gcod catch, but the next spring it a "contract" from the factory. If you heaved oat until it didn't amount to think it advisable. I can manure part much. Our soil is a gravelly clay. ttf it by hauling it from city, fourl Answer: â€" It is common to sow- miles. Would you fertilize the rest ; from 10 to 18 lbs. per acre of the vari- of it? j OU3 clover seeds, although fairly good Answer:-! believe it surely would! catches have been obtained under con - pay you ^0 fertilize your sugar beet! ditions of superior soil preparation grround in addition to such manure as- by a less amount. When grass and you may be abl« tQ^^fctain to put onj clover is mixed it is common to .use it. Quoting from actual tests the W.^consin Experiment Station reports i that it obtained an increase of 4^.1 1 per cent in yield a.id 47.3 per cent in' «u-gar content by fertilizing sugar! beet.?. The Division of Chenjistry at Ottawa quoted in 191^ an experiment' which mangels where without fertil-! izinp they got 81 bushels to the acre. By the uie of 1331 lbs. of high grade' fertilizer per acre they increased this' to GTR bushels to the acre. j For fertilizer on beets I would ad-| vise you to use a mixture containing from 3 to 4 per cent ammonia, about ' 8 per cent phosphoric acid and about; 3 to 4 per cent pota^Ii. See that this ' is. worked into the soil thoi-oughly at tlie time the seedbed is being pre- ; pared for the sugar beets. Apply the' fertilizer at the rate of -"JOO lbs. peri acre. Certainly under normal circum- stances if you are not too fai' away fi-om the factory sugar beets is a good crop to grow. The cultivation cleans your soil of weeds and the deep- rooted nature of the crops st'rs the soil so that the mechanical condition is gi^atly benefited by grov\ing this crop. A medium clay loam supple- mented with f€rtili:wrs should produce a large high grade sugar beets. L.J.: â€" Will you tell me how much seed of the various clovers and gravses to sow per acre, and whether ab«ut 8 lbs. of clover and about 4 lbs. ! of grass seed jser acre. The fact that . the seed is being sown on different j types of soil has not as much to do | with the quantity as has the nature of the soil preparation. Of course if j the soil is not in first class mechan- ; ical condition it is necessary to in- i crease the amount you mention so as 1 to allow for some of the seed not i germinating. There is no alfalfa that niay not be heaved out of tlie soil by the action of freezing and thawing. The thing to do is to drain your soil. The World's taraatest Rabbit For meat, fur and proflt is the Black Siberian Fur Hare. Pedigreed Breeders for Sale. Writ© Black Diamond Fox Farm Vankleek Hill Ontario Fertilizing the Orchard BVbaUje: â€" 1 Fertilisers supply well bal- anced food for oix'hard trees. This moans desirable wood- growth. FertUizex-s cau«» fruit to fill and mature uniformly. ITruit borne by trees that have been properly nourished with fertilizers U superior In size, color and flavor. 4. Fertilizers cause great in- crease in yields. Write for Pamphlet No. 3. Soil and Crop Improvement Bureau Of the. Canadian Fertilizer Assa. 1111 Temple BIdfl.. Toronto, Ont. 54a It is pretty clear proof if the clover or alfaL'a heaves that the water j which comes from the fall rains, ' stands in the soil, where it frcszes and heaves the crops. Draining is tite only cui-e for such a condition. Subscriber : â€" I have five acres of sandy soil from which I took oft a crop of rye last year. What can I plant this to next spring to get a crop of hay the same season? .A.nswer: â€" The only rai-KUiie that will give you a crop of hay the same season that you sow it is a mixture of .-uoh grain as barley and oats ov ' peas and oats. These may be sown at about the rate of a bushel each to as indicated ; the acre. If cut when green they make totuiage of j a good quality of nutritious hay, cs-' I specially the mixture of peas and oats. H. J.: â€" Can you give me full direc- tions about spraying ait apple lirchard. .VIso about pruning. The orchard on tlu9 farm has been neglected for years. .•Vnswer: â€" Space would not permit our giving full instructions for the spraying of the apple orchard. In-| deed you would do much better to, write the Ontai-io .Agricultural Col-- lege and ask them for their spray calendar also *their literature regard- ing pruning. These will give you e.x-^ act information regarding the ques-| tion in hand. j Beside spraying and pruning you should Iwk to the fertilization of! your orchard if you expect to bringrj it back quickly to the mo<5t prolific, bearing. Neglected orchards in Ohio I were made to yield 145 per cent more by proper fertilization of the crop. .\ k ' THE CANADIAN FUR AUCTION SALES COMPANY, Limited, of Montreal, oraanized and financed by a repre- sentative body of Canada's leaders in great commercial enterprises will hold its First Great Sale of Raw Furs IN MARCH Offering immense quantities of fresh, original, unculled Canadian Furs-the Best in the World -UNMIXED with inferior southern varieties, the company v/ill sell to the highest bidder of hundreds of eager buyers from all parts of the United States and Europe. You get the world's best prices on the WORLD'S BEST FURS, your CANADIAN goods, at our sales. We do not issue extravagantly-quoting, misleading price lists, but we do see that your furs bring absolutely top prices. Eager inquiries reach us daily from the world's chief buying capitals. Buyers from London, Paris, New York. Chicago and other great distributing centres have already arranged to attend the MARCH SALE. The widespread interest shown by buyers clearly indicates the unusual scarcity of raw furs; unmistakably points to an unusually keen demand, particularly for the finer fursâ€" C|inadian goods. We think we are not unduly optimistic in predicting WORLDS RECORD PRICES FOR OUR MARCH SALE LIBERAL CASH ADV^ANCES will glaaiy be made on request •ccompanying any shipment large or iiuall pending sale*. The expense to shippers to the Montreal sales is lessâ€" the buying force ii as strongâ€" as in any market in the world. Write us. Get our advices - market reports, accurate, reliable guidance tu yoB in buying, and SHI P NOW â€" any quality, of any variety or grade. No market in the world will net you better results. Last day of receiving for this sale is M.\RCH 1st. The Canadian Fur Auction Sales Company MONTREAL Temporary Officesâ€" W^indsor Hotel LIMITED T from -Ahidi it draws custoraerJ? This .itore has a staff of correspondents,' ^-'.vX they send in information which' furnishes a fouwlation for service. Tanner Jones intends to build a bam. â€"the store can help him with tools, .-ind hard'ware. FVirmer Smith has a' nsAv baijy â€" it is quickly reporteil, and irs wife is congratulated, ami tha jtcre served by scllinu the things tiiat Sabies need. -f â- â€¢â-  1 '.:y department stores sene wo- men, understanding chaft they are the purchasing agents of the home, with â- J. perplexJcg, responsible job on their hands. This' store has built up 1 sers'ice to country women, the pur- .'hasing agents for farm homes. May- 'je the farm home needs painting. Somebody will choose the paint and :he I'olor. This storekeeper assu:nes that it will be a woman's selection, and sees that the farmer's wife has color charts and .-'nt prices. City women buy things ;. .-mall packages â€"starch in one-pound ;oxes, crack- ers in ten-c'ent cartons, tea in one- pound packages. Country people have more pantry space and go to town infrequently. So this merchant gives service by jelling starch in spe- cial three-pound boxes, crackers in ten-pound drums and tea in five-pound packages. A lot of attention is like- wise paid to what goes on around the countryside. If a farmer buys a new auto, the store knows the day he drives it home, and he is invited to bring it around so the storekeeper can see it. If the farmer's daughter is going to school this faH, she will need a sweater, and the store write.s about sweaters to Mary herself, and waits on her personally when she .'omes to buy, respecting her choice before that of her parents, and treats her with an understanding of the p8rsor.al importance ot that sweater ro herself. The country neigh'sorfcocd and the country store are bound up together. Big cities and big city stores con- stantly 6.xept a destructive influence upon both. If the countrj- store is losing businass and the country nei'^h- borhood losing population, the same .influences are probably at work. , Country merciiaiits ised to insist that it was the farmer's duty to patron- ize them, and gmmbled when they saw goods coming in from the mail- order hjuies. or watched fanners' •wives taking the train for a city shopping tour. Bat to-day the coun- try merchant thinks along another line â€" he admits that it is his duty to •serve farmers, and through gxiod ser- vice i^ring customers to his store. « to Little " INTEBNATIO.NAL LESSO.N. FEBRLWRY 13. Peter and Cornelius. .Vets 10: l-ll: Golden Text.â€" Romans 10: 12. 10: 1-8. Cornelius was a centurion that is an officer of the Roman at-m corresponding to our captain. Six them were luoally attached to a co hort. or battalion of 500 to 1,000 men but they were sometimes detached foi special duty. The town of Caesarea oa the sea coast was the residence of th Roman governor, and was p/obablj garrisoned at this time by a ^nd, cohort, of volunteers from Italy, heoot called "the Italian band." Comeiiui had a house of his own. and a hi^ place in the regard of the Jews, may have been resident there fo some years. He was evidently a man of exceptionally fine character, de vout, generous, and, kindly, "one that feared G-.>d with all his house, who grave much alms to die people, aswl prayed to God alway." He was a good soldier and gentleman, in the best sense of that term. Whether he had ever heard of Peter, or knew annhia^ of the gospel of Jesus Christ before tiiis rime, or not, we do not know, but it is probable tiiat he had (See 10: 37.) In the vision wh'ch came to him he was instructed to invite. Peter visit him. 9-16. Peter "fell into a trance." Tha house-top, flat and easily reached in oriental houses, was a favorite rtjsort for prayer. In a trance, or day-dream, while hs waited for the food which they prepareti for him, he saw a vision which touched very closely his Jewish prejudices and traditions. The ancient law which it Itad been an essential part of his religion to obsen-e. for- bade the use of certain kinds of :neat (See Deut. 14.) But the vision bade him put aside that law. when that which was set before him Gor had made clean. The old law ard custom had its value, but Peter has to learn that there is a higher law. Thus ho is prepared for the coming of the mes- sengers and the invitation of Corne- lius. Compare Mark 7: 14-23. 30-4:J Gcd is no Respecter cf Per- sons. The gist only of Peter's speech is grlven. He mast have spoken at much greater length. He begins with a very humble and sincere confession of the truth which he has learned. It is not race, orb lood, or color, or cus- toms and forms of religious practice, that make a man acceptable to- God. The Old Testament itself might have made that plain to the well informed •Jew, if its more spirituai teaching had not been obscured by the em- phasis put by priests and Pharisees upon observance of the law. See for example. Micah 6: o-S; Isa. 56: 15; Psalm 51: li3-17, and especially Psalms 15 and ii. Compare also Rom. 3: 29. The Word Which He Sent (v. 36) is the gospel message, the substance of which is the story of Je>sus of Nazareth, how that God anointed him On.e >tory. Lime a iittie with the Roly Ghost and with power Making the Country Store Work for the Farmer. upon a tunny polar bear went lo sleep on top of an (v. 38.) Peter Eskimo's house and slept and slept have heard the and slept. Pshaw, it was four days assumes that they story, and declare* that Jesus, who was crucified. Is risen , - , , 1 iu u .t-.ff again from the ddad. And. he said, before he awoke and then hewa!.st..lt ..•^^^ ^^ witnesses." "We saw what as his great-grandfather Snagg>-ha:r. g^ ^jjj ^ ^^ country of the Jews and Wliy he could hardly limp home and jn Jenisilem. We witnessed His OVERCOMES CHILLS IN 60 MINUTES your horse has a or Is feverish. cough or gWe It cold. Or. A. G. Daniel's Oistemper Remedy \V h !.• n properly Klven this woa- liorfiil remedy will oTeiMom* •hills in from 30 lo (0 minute* In a hnrae or au.v other ttoek at a coat of !es9i than 10 cents. It ttius pi°.>v«Dts Fever, Fii^^uinon- la. Luns Troubles, etc. It work! 'jul'-Ker and bet- t»r than anv- tlilnir «lae In the world, leaving no aftermath of ;nb.'« or bllndnes*. . \s worth Us weight In Silil to aMppers bc-ause it'han no luU for .loollmatiin horees. It la •» a perf.Mt I'uro tor >'Ult Kevwr In ••wa and Hog rholrra In swine. PRICE fiOc. • Big Anil ,4l Medio.ll Bock Free. DR. A. C. n.VNIEf.S COMPANY or CAMA9A. LunTan KNOWLTON QUEBEC : prominent apple grower of Blenheim, Mr. W. M. Grant, renovated an old or- ; chard of 41* acreS so that now it is I yieiJiiig over 1600 bushels of apples. j iH« used about 12 lbs. per tree of a I high grrade f ertihzer, scattering it I around about the area covered by the i» i branches of the tree and working It I into the soil as tlw orchard was tilled, j W.W.: â€" E have an old meadow that I I. want to put into wheat in the, spring. ; 1 What fertilizer is necessary to get it' into good shape'.* It was not plowed, last fall. I .\iiswer:â€" .\ftcv spring plowing your ii'.eadow I would advise you to use II fertilizer from i to 3 per cent ainmouia. S per cent phosphoric acid and 1 to 2 par cent potash, applying it to the soil at the i"ate of about 250 l:b3. to the acre. If you have a grain, drill with fertilizer sowitig compart »j- nieiit you will get the best applica- tion by putting: the fertilizer on in this way. If you cannot get such a drill. fairly good application can be gotten by broadcasting: the fertilizer before^ ' the Iftst disking and hsirrowing. ' K.B.:â€" Would you advise buying j tractor lor a hundred-acre farm, fair- ly It-vol? Would 1 need to rvmove many fences? I have never used u tractor. Is it hard to manage? Full particulars will oblige. ] .\nswer: â€" It is hanl to answer your ; question regarding the advisability of ; buying a tractor. Pi'ovided a consider- Oiie chilly fall day a salesman stepped off at railroad junction, with a hours' wait ahead of him no town there at all ing general store. t;. pewriter d'se as a factory lown of 5.000 to a country : 10,000 people. couple of! How can a country store serve There was country people? ' â€"just one rambl-' In many ways. When the nier- The stoi'ekeeper. chant with a new stock of horse 'olan- had opened a big box and was taking kets reminded farmers round about out horse blankets. The salesman- tha: the time had come to keep horses watched him. comfortable he made a beginning in â- â- H:ive you got any printed letter- . seri-ice â€" simple enough, but on the heads'.'" he asked suddenly. right lines. •'Yes. \\"hy?" said the merchant. One of the m.ost thriving "I believe I can help you sell those I stores known to the writer when Mother Polar Bear saw him snuffling into their big cold comfort- able snow house she threw up her paws and telephoned for I^-tor Pen- guin. Doctor Penguin came with a green umbrella and a big bag of pills. He listened to little bear's heart and he death. We saw EGm and ata and drank with Hrm after H« rose from t!» dwad. His cotndng w»« foretold by the prophets. To every- one that OeUeveth in Him, his sina shall be fotvlvea." Upon ti* litUa company Hstenlng with rapt attention, iMime iomro. iawiife*t»tions of the Spir- it's power, for Peter and those who country in a vU- felt his pulse, then he shook his hemd were with him ''heard th«m speak with tongue* and magnify God." 11; 1-lS. When Peter was come vip to Jerusalem and strict Jews found fault with htoi for what ho had done, he simply ^oW the story, sharing his wondei^ul and convincing expertenc*' and said: "He's caught a terrible â€" a ter- rible â€" " -What?" begged Mr*. Polar Bear, wringing her paws. â- â€¢.\ terrjj^le HOTi" rumbled Doctor ^^^j^ them. What horse blankets." replied the salesman.' He had a sample typewriter. Sitting down with some car'pon sheets he quickly wrote twenty-five letters to farmers whose names were given him by the storekeeper. He told them that a new' load of horse blankets had come in, named the prices, and re- minded folks that it was humasie and also good business to look after a horse's comfort. _ "When 1 come back this way next mouth I am going to ask you to buy a typewTiter," announced the sales- man. "I am surv tho.se letters will make vou want one.' lage of 200 people in sparsely settle*! farming country. This store operates a flour bank. It buys flour by the carload, at the lowest price and freight rates, and sells farmers cou- pon books good for five or ten or more sacks of flour. It has a spe- cial room for storing flour, where it i< kept dry, clean, and safe from pests. The farmers who hold cou- pons on the flour bank come in and takeout flour .is needed, get the bene- ' fit of car-lot prices and freights, and are not troubled with storing flour at home. .\s coupons are bought before th? flom- i* wanted, that f'jrn- Penguin. "He must have been near a fii^I'' Then all the family can:e and stood around little bear's bed and fanned him. and Mother Polar Bear put a cake of ice on his feet and pretty soon, that is, in about three daj-s. he â- was nice and cold again. But after that he '"ver went to sleep ovier n-arm ovens because he didn't want to catch any more coldsâ€" pshaw, I mean hots. could tha narrow- minded fault finders do but brfd their peace and give tiianks to God? feakneaa. hi* reruijdy 1 was waiting with a typewriter ordea-, a for the letters had brought him ssjveral hundred dollars' worth of trade. Farmers had never got a busi- ness letter from him t>efoa'. They came in to buy horse blankets on his friendly tip, and also bought other things. i For fifteen years or more the coun- try general stoi-e has been ailing, able amount of the land on yx>uv farnij Until lately country storekeepers be- is under tillage and you are near, lieved that the trouble was i>rice enough to town so that you can growl competition of mail-order houses - cons'.derahle money crops I believe a many slili believe it. 1 tractor is an economy. It can be: But now it is gradually becomiug handled most profitably if the fields clear that competition is not a matter, are of a shape that farm machinery, of prices at -till, but -of service to' can W used withcut much end-turning. ' farmers. Here and there over the As a rule the average tractors on the| country the s-toi-ekeeper in a farming Several weeks later the storekeeper i^hes money to finance the business; market are comparatively easy to operate, e?pe.>ia11y if tlie operator is somewhat of a mechanic and is will- ing to give sufficient attention to keeping the parts of the machine in good shupe. For definite information I v%u!d advise ycu to apply to the Famn Mechanics Department of On- tario .-\gricultur;^l College and con-' suit with tlie eiiK''''^^'''* of a sood tiao- tor i-ompany. Haiin breeder; eiirly chick* from vigvnoiis town lias demonstrated that with ser- vice to one's farm customers it is pos- sible lo buiW up a big business in the smaMest place. There are not many such stores yet. But in scattcrcii places merchants enterprising enough to go after farmers with serviijp have pvoveil that the prinoilple was right. Neither mail-order competition nor a small town are handican.s. Farmers prefer to buy n;ar home if they are given .iervice. ::nd even to pay a little more for convenience. .A. country . s>Lore serving a population of from 500 to 2.0OO buys as much merchau- ' ami the flour bank draws customers for other merchandise. This town had no ice plant â€" lew count r>- towns of that size can afford one. But the store installed an eight- ton artificial ice plairt, with a cold- storage room large enough to hold a carload of eggs, butter, and other perishables. Farmei-s bring in per- isJ'.able stuff during the season of heaviest production and lowest prices, the store paying them cash, and hoU- ing produce in its cold-storago plant until there 's a car to ship to the city. Ice is also sold to the farmers to take home. Each summer this store takes a ncighborhooil census", covering both the things farmers will have to sell ai harvest and the things they wih; want to buy. This is as sinple as it: is convenient. Postal cards with printed reply fortns are maile^i to every fiirm for 15 miles around, ask- ing for estimates on what each farm .\ Home-Made Trailer. My trailer was made out of an old- fashioned surrey. It was worn very little, and stands up under any work like a new rig. I shortened the pole to six feet, and had my blacksmith make a coupling for the end. and an- other one that fits around the rear axle of the light car which pulls it. The surrey didn't cost me anything, and the blacksmith's work cost 50 cents. When I load a pig. I place the loader on the rear of the trailer lin â- VN'hich I have a hog box. and we' are soon on our way. i I drive about 18 miles an hour, but I take the corners pi'^tty slow. It does not seem to require much extra power. Of course, a trailer witl^ rubber tires, bumpers, and so on would be still better; but this serves very wrtl, | and will keep on going until I am j ready to buy a truck, or a better | trailer built especially for tho .vork Life of a Motor Truck. Because of its high nitrog«n con- tent, poultry manure is quite valuable as a fertil.izer, and we find that wo can make a high-grade fertilizer cheaply by conversing it carefully. When practicable, we take the man- ure from the poultry hcuse and stor« it in a tight ccntainer just outside tli* building before it is mi.xed into a fer- tilizer. Or. when the poultry houses are cleaned out. the litter is placed in the manure spreader, to whi.h is ailded about 300 pounds of acid phoAj, phate to a load of the manure. This combination, we think, makes a m.'x- ture equal to a high-grade fertilizer. and we use it to sprinkle lightly ovet meadows or crops re<iuiring heavy fertillMition of valuable food elements^ We find that in growing rape for swine forage, If w© sprinkle nianur* at the rate of about four tons to th« acre over the soil after the seed it sown, it gives the rape a quick start, and makes it produce a very luxuriant forage. The fertilizer, in all events, contains a h'gh amount of availabl* food for plants, and should only be '.ised chiefly on crops that will sup- I port and require heavy fert?fcation. The effects of the treatment is seen A will sell and buy. .About one farmer j in four sends back his figuns. and^ longer recoi-ds than this, which would thereby it becomes possible to organ-' seem to indicate good running condi- { for several years afterward on the motor truck ot standaid jimke. ; j.^-cotding crops, with attention .such as should be given ' ^ a machine of tho class, should run; „ , . , ,â-  100,000 miles. Some trucks have! Prcfiteenng .s lak.ng all you can get, and giving as little as you can, Hov.- abcut some tews and hens? i7.e the hand'-r.g of farm stuff and get' tions and ex:-ellent care. Ore should it aw(w. to market during the rushj-exrect a certain amcan^ of repairs, seafoii. .,nci fh?se repairs should be ma ie as What do y,;u think of a store that lias| soon as apparent wear is seon. In n corresp;nuient in every villajre and| th.-s way only is it ptssible to «ret th? township throushout the territory maximum service from .. .xaicU. Chickens are just like the rest of U3. It they don't have to work, they won't. Instead of thr-wiiig thcit grain on a bare flc»> , sc»»ttcr it through I'ght clean litter and let then Ifct some exercise by .TCratch'ng for it