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_^ _ Addrtu communication! to Agronomist. 73 Adelaide St. West. Ti/ront* Sumrnei 1 Work in the Orchard. , perly handled, and marketed from the o v. i -<, early spring to the end of June, when Summer work in the orchard may .r . . be divided among four different head- ing's: spraying, cultivation, cover crops, and thinning, with possibly pruning in some instances. The first U spring operation which it is usually necessary to carry on into the summer, as at least one spray should be about two or three prices are high. Every poultry breed- er, however, may not be in a position to take advantage of this trade. Market early cockerels as broilera Far too many male chicks that would be available for are carried over the broiler market to the soft roaster weeka after the bloom is off, and may t ne consist of bordeaux or lime sulphur borne stage or even longer, with the erron- eous idea that the trigger the bird is mixture with some arsenical poison added for biting insect* and nicotine the profit. It should be mind that the larger bird is growing and feeding on a fast de- clining market and will probably reach lulphat* add**! for aphis control, if j it at the lowest ebb. The saJe of cock- they are present at that time. For| ere i 9 as broilers will carry the cost fuller particulars re spraying particulars re spraying writ* your nearest Experimental Farm Superintendent. Cultivation in orchards, except ttiose in sod mulch, should b prac- ticed continually until about July first. By maintaining a good dust of raising the pullets to maturity. Time to hatch To catch the best market they must be hatched before the last of April, and take about two months to reach the desired weight. t The males of almost any pure breed ! are in demand. Even Leghorns at this mulch during early summer the trees | ^g w jjj be eagerly accepted on the can be helped through that trying market, if plump and well (h-es*ed. time in late June when the heavy T ne broilers may run with the rest drops of fruit are so discouraging. o f t he flock of chicks and be fed the Especially in districts where winter game unt ji approaching one pound in Manufactured by THE CANADIAN STEEL AND WIRE CO., Limited Hamilton - - Canada Thinning the Fruit Crop While the majority of fruit growers, thinning enables the grower to get devote special attention to pruning, rid of ill-shapen and defective fruits cultivating, spraying and fertilizing j which proves a decided help in put- they do not look upon the thinning , ting up a good pack at harvest time. THE SUNDAY SCHOOL JUNE 12. Making the World Christian. Isaiah 11: 1-10; Acts 1: 6-9. Golden Text Isaiah 11: 9. Connecting Links. Those who have ! Lord. That will be the king's supreme found the true and the living God ! virtue, and implies all other kingly want to make Him known to others, i virtues. For the king who fears God The people of Israel found Him in [ W >H be just and merciful many experiences of their history, but i ^ * j'^j His mou * ^ 8 j*"^ especially in the two great deliver- j ftna ^ the c direc i nesg and ances, from Egypt and from Babylon. aut hority of the king 1 :; commands and It came to them In the teaching of the I laws. So also verse 5 declares the great prophets of the last centuries character of His rule which shall be before Christ, that they should tell one of right and truth. The wolf, these experiences to the world. They leopard, lion, and bear and poisonous had a story to tell to the nations, and a song to ainig which all the world should hear. Israel has been entrusted with the serpents represent the fierce and war- ring elements of human society, which shall be tamed and made to live at peace. The entire picture here presented of saving and enlightening knowledge of I tl.e reign of the great Deliverer is of a the true God who can save, and so is > transformed society, in which peace to be "for a light to the Gentiles," and' with justice shall prevail. Mount Zion, for "salvation unto the end of tha th P Iace f Jehovah's temple, is con- earth." ctived as swelling and broadening until it fills the whole world, and the world of humanity becomes the holy of the fruit on the trees as of equal importance, yet with the single ex- ception of spraying no one thing will do more to insure high-grade fruit than proper thinning. Many growers,! Injury is a factor, cultivation is dis- ' w( . i(r ht and rf,oukl then be separated who have never practiced careful continued about the first week of July UI1(1 p i ace< i j n Bm i.l the orchard sowed to some cover f t ,| onry go ft ma sh "The Lord hath made bare his holy arm in the eyes of all the nations; And all the ends of the earth shall see the salvation of OUT God." So also Jesus would have Hi.< qis- associations demand that the jciples tell the story of Hi.? redeeming of the fruit can be improved. ?. nd **S work. They had been with ."too, it is a question if the S n P *di Hlm ; the y "?<! e en and heard; they The new rigid and high-class systems of grading fruit crops that are being adopted by so many co-operative ship- temple of the Lord. "They shall not hurt nor destroy H all my holy mountain, For the earth shall be full knowledge of the Lord, waters cover the sea." the tha Actr * i E*n * fiQ TT. mrrinm tn etsTlhe d"s*$es of Jesus ese ses o esus continued about the first week of July UI1(1 p i ace< i j n Bma n yards or pens, thinning, believe that because the, with which the fruit can be picked, | Btory to the wor i d . The ap osties and expected Him to establish again tiie a sh, consisting of two practice has never become popular] graded and packed will not more than m i n j s t e rs of Jesus Christ have not kingdom of David and to be a real on clover, 10 pounds; red clover, 12 pounds; summer vetch, 1V4 bus.; Held peas, 14 bus.; rye, 1% bus. Whtre there is much danger of loss of plant foid <luring winter, the winter rye makttfl an excellent cover crop, but is of little value in topping tree growth during August, as at that time it makes but little growth itself. Thinning is an operation which will amply repay the orchardist if judi- ciously applied. birds all they will eat, then clean out notion that it requires an unusual tV troughs. Allow no feed to re-! amount of skilled labor which pre- main before the birds between meals.! vents the practice of thinning fruit If sour milk is given for drink it! from becoming more popular on many will add to the palatability of the; farms. meat and hasten the gain in weight, and an abundance of green feed should be available or provided. Killing and marketing Broilers! f ru j t It is not to be expected that grow- ers who have had no experience in finding fancy markets for high-class fi m ) thinning as profitable are exceedingly tender and great t*re; a3 those who have a trade that is should be exercised in plucking. It; w -iHi n g to pay for the better quality, may be advisable to market alive if, yet there are numerous benefits from After the Juno drop has removed' the price can be adjusted to compen- systematic and careful thinning which iU quota, nil trees should be gone over and, where there is a heavy crop, some of the fruit should be removed, sate for the time saved the shipper, the prudent grower cannot afford to but if shipped dressed they should be, overlook. In these days of advancing carefully packed and graded BO that prices and demand for superior qual- tion. Another advantage in expecting the royal line of David, who would be preme the will of God in the lives of the Saviour of His people, and who men. It was t> be, as men came fruit is the fact that it aids in hold- W0 uld be a great and just and glorious slowly to understand, a mightier pow- ing certain diseases and insect pests king. First to the weak, capricious, er than that of an;- earthly kingdom in check. Some seasons this advan-'and unprincipled Ahaz, and afterward or empire a kingdom of the S.. ; rlt. tage is much greater than others. 'to the well-meaning but weak Heze- ' Jesus did not answer His disciples' With such fruits as peaches and kiah, he predicted the coming of this question by a direct negative. He did plums where disease often starts at k ' n f _> d he seems to have expected not desire to destroy their national . _,, that He would come soon. As time hope of freedom and greatness. But a point where two fruits touch and wen) . Qn he projected His coming He (lid p!ace before them two Kreat give the disease spores a good lodging f art ), er into lhe f u t ure , an d d we i t immediate experiences and duties the place and where moisture i held i r upon His character and His reign, with first, the receiving of power through their germination, careful thinning is high anticipation and confident hope the gift of the Spirit of God, and the valuable. Damage from certain in- 'of great things. second, bearing witness to Him in the leaving not more than two to a clus-'each package is uniform in quality jty every effort possible should be before other specimens have ter, and, if a really high class pro- duct is desired, leave only one fruit to a cluster. Where thinning is practiced, there Is a smaller percentage of No. 3 and waste fruit, which means higher prices and weight. sect pests that live in apples may also Micah (5: 2-6) a younger contem- ; world. be minimized if the fruits that have porary of Isaiah, repeated the same ' Thus - and thu * onlv W U"1 His king- been attacked are taken off the trees prediction. Jeremiah (23: 6-6) took 'don, be 'established in , the world-by made to produce what discriminating By marketing the surplus cockerels, buyers want and are willing to pay as broilers, a quick and profitable re- 1 a f ancy pr u-e for. There has never turn is effected, and an income pro- vided at a season when there is not much return otherwise from the poul- per acre for the crop. The orchardist try and when the funds are often ac- who adopts thinning aa a regular ' cepta'ble to provide feed for the grow- ing stock. The sale of cockerels as broilers has the added advantage of helping orchard practice is bound to be in the front Hne when it comes to the pack- out return*. Summer pruning Is now gesnerally to distribute the produce over the conceded a place in most young ! year, rather than selling so much in orchards, a* it is difficult to do much the fall pruning when there is a crop on the sold, treea. Mid-June is a good time to go; over the non-beuiriijg trees and shape up those straggly fellows. Where they are inclined to produce a long, wlliowy growtii with few laterals, nip off the terminal bud, which will in- ttuce lateral growth, probably that pMoon, instead of continuing a long, barren branch which it would b nec- essary to head l>aok severely in later fears. been a time in the history of Can- adian fruit growing when proper thinning of fruit crops would pay as large cash returns as it will at the present time. Let us, therefore, con- sider some of the good results which can reasonably be expected from thinning our 1921 crop. First of all, and probably the most important of all in practical value, injured. Some authorities claim that thin- ning tends to enable the trees to bear more regularly and produce more uni- b een ! ft up and made of it a message of com- the work of His Spirit in the hearts ' fort for those of his time who suffered of men - and h y witness-bearing And at the hands of their enemdas defeat, thua wo ' lld be MM" the old pro- humiliation, and exile. Ezekiel, among Photic vision of justice, peace, and ths the first of the exiles, saw Him in a knowledge of God lilling the whole brighter future as a second David, and world. Application. It was Mr. Beecher who once said. form crops. They argue that there as the good shepherd of His people is no reason in the nature of things! (84: 23). Others, who followed, pre- why trees should not bear annually, ' served and handed down this great "As soon as a tree ceases to grow but the formation of the fruit spur hope to later generations, and seven begins to rot" There is no such thing is usually such as to preclude the ' hundred years after Isaiah, Jesus rf as standing still either for the indi- ~. * , , . ,,.- 1 Nazareth gave it a new rroaning. a vidual Christian or the Church at production of fruit on the Nine **| Mr direction, and a fulfilment in His large. We must be continually reach- every year. The real object of thin- ; King(Iom of lhe Spirit. | ing out, extending our activities, and nirag in suoh cases is to encourage! i n i^ah's expectation the coming | seeking new fields of usefulness. If some spurs to bear one year, and King is to be richly endowed with the ever a Christian were to say, "I will when cockerels are usually! thinning greatly increases the size of others the next. This means that , spirit of the Lord, with uch wisdom ; cultivate the Christian graces in my the fruit which U left on the tree ! when fruit is thinned one should re- j and understanding, suoh counsel and own heart, and let others look after This is more important with some ; move all of the fruits from some spurs might, such knowledge and reverent , themselves," we know that ~-n If broilers Broilers. are to be produced "I have always held, and still hold, that the raising of hogs is, year by year, one of the surest and safest re- venues for the farm, and that the de- velopment of our export bacon trade is one of the most profitable and de- pendable industries that the country as a whole can get behind. But, un- less Canadian fanners are prepared to accept responsibility for the future of the Canadian bacon trade, by sup- in ny great number, they can be sold to nfrantafe only where there are a considerable number of buyers who are not obliged to consider the price and with the exception of a few halth r.d pleasure resorts this cl-as* of buy- er.' is not numerous outside the larger ritiea. 'Ohe broiler is a very profitable ad- just of the poultry buslnen If pro- fruits than with others, but with!'" nler that they may produce fruit- every fruit it tends to improve the! s P urs **"> following year. In some m- ' , varieties are trees bear with -* - i , " i iiikiiiiikiii^ v t . i' . i i.< i i . i n- Vi I ~ * ^ , peaches, for example, will be mere en-' great uniformuyNWery year. This is hanced than that of plums, because; especially true with peach trees, and buyers are much influenced by the 't would seem that the same practice quality and increases the value for | stances where/ctnam a discriminating trade. The value of| carcfull y thimyed, the mere size of peaches, while they are not so likely to pay so great atten- tion to the size of plums. might apply with some force to fruits of other kinds, especially varieties that have a tendency to bear heavy In some markets a mere ii crease in! crops of fruit one year and little '.[ n' VBJmuiaii '-Jii^'ii i*iauu, M, auu- . . , . ,, porting it through steady production, the size of an apple, peach or po.r or nothing the flowing year, year in and year out, under adverse, may raise it from a lower to a higher There ,s no dispute of the value as well as under satisfactory condi- frade. from choice to fancy, thus of thtnmng for peaches and pears, lions, we can rover make a success of! flatly increasing its value; and but for many years growers of apples the business. It is useless to attempt- everyone knows how the fancy fruit have hesitated about th.mnmg, claun- 1 J --' their prices directly I inT that the practice did not pay so to build up an industry if the produc- * v y ter prces irecty ng a e pracc ers themselves are not prepared to with the 8lze antl color of Lh * *Pci-! <>ng. as the fruit was shipped to mar- carry it through to success, in spit. mons - Thi9 - <* >. *ie to thejket m barrels, but the selling of extra fa<:t ** merc b<* not a true fancy fruit in boxes forcing the of all difficult!** that may be experi- enced and all competition that will hav to b faced." H. S. Arkell, Do-j minion Live Stock Commissioner. fa<:t * merc index of 1 ualit >'. nd not a true, fancy fruit in boxes forcing the as n rule,! Question. The fruit must all be picked apples, peuches, pears sooner or later, and it does not cost The Right Tires, to suit your car and the roads 700 travel U y cat U Fsi ChcwoWt. Cray-Dort or Overland, the DOM1NTQN "Grooved" m* "Wokky" Trd g*v you non-*kid. non ifcU-tHp Tnt of coaih*M qiratty and proven mUeaf*. Oi you r.i.y And ih.l DOMINION "Chain", "Grooved" or "Nobby" tread *th rear wheels and DOMINION Tlnin" Trerd on the fru t, are the Ideal combination ior comfort and mileage. U you drive a heavier car like the Studebaker, McLeughlin, or I'dcka.d, you will hv the utmost tatisfaction with DOMINION "Royal Crd" or "Nobby" Tread* the supreme achievement* in tire building. Tfce fee** dbtor> throughout Canada Ape DOMINION TIRES, DOMINION INNER TUBSSanJ DOMINION TIKE ACCESSORIES. DOMINION TIRES ARE GOOD TIRES d the like are of finer texture and flavor than the very large ones. In many instances the increase in si::a of fruits left on the trees is so great that a hirger number of bushels are actu- ally harvested than in the case when the entire crop is left to ripen, ar.d almost without exception the fruit on tho thintied trees will sell for morn very much more to pick it early in the season than to pick it late. Turning now from the advantage of thinning fruit to the methods used by successful orchardists it may be eaul that the work is performed in essentially the same way as the fruits are harvested; that is, the fruits are taken off by hand and dropped on the ground where they may be left, or gathered up and burned to destroy the _ person piety, as only God Himself can impart. | could not long remain a Christian. We By these high qualities and gifts He ] live by growing. We cannot afford to will be prepaied for His kingly office, i be provincial in our outlook. As long rul wisely and well. as there are parts of the world un- In verse 3 reed (as in Rev. Vers.) : | Christian or others only partially His delight shall be in the fear of the Christian, that task is our challenge. A Grain-Tight Hay Rack. I have found that it has paid me to make the floor of ray hayrack of good material. At the time I made this one (two years ago), flooring of partly prevent their pulling out, as they do when put in straight from the top. A neighbor who has just maxle three racks used screws on tha last one. Th.U serves the same pur- pose, as the screws do not work out the ordinary yellow pine cost m* about eitner . A lot of farmers have found $50 a thousand. A good rack builder thflt the hayrack with a tight bottom told me that it would be the very best thing to get edge-grain stuff for the flooring, and to get narrow pieces. So I bought four-inch edg-grain flooring at $66 a thousand. I am very of side boards makes a fine box for loose grain hauling. E. R. money. With certain varieties of peaches, pears ami apples the color of tho fruit' insect pests or disease. The first con- is greatly improved by thinning. This! wderation is that of removing the la one of the most valuable effects, I fruits before they have become a tax and along with the increase of size on the tree sufficient to reduce the adds commercially to the value of the' yield of the crop. Peaches shouUt be product. Even the trained scientist j removed when they are about the size as well as the practical grower seem of a hickory-nut and apples before unmble to account for the improve- they have reached twice that size, men* in color other than it may be I The main thing is to discriminate be- due to the fact that in taking awy tweerc good and bad fruits and to some of the fruit it allows the sun- shine to reach the surface of those fruits left on the trees, or perhaps that the better coloring of the fruit, has an influence on the color. One 1 fruit shears wild prove about the best thing we do know, however, the color tool for general use. is theje, and that is the important item in securing top prices. During years when the trees set glad that I did it, as my rack has to stand out part of the time, and where other newer but chaper racks are cracked open so that grain can't be hauled loose, mine is still in good shape, and edge-grain stuff does not sliver up when shoveling on the floor, like regular flooring. This is another ca.se where economy j consists in paying enough to get high- ] grade material. It goes against the grain to do this sometimes, but I have never bought a quality product yet that I regretted afterward. Here is an idea in fastening the floor of a rack down that is worth while: I blind-nailed the whole top, and find that it pays. This means slanting the nails, and I feel that this will Taffy With Syrup. Boil one quart of syruip until brittle whn dropped into cold water, stirring frequently to prevent burning. Add one- half teaspoon of soda, and .-.tir well. Then pour on greased pans until cool enough to handle. leave the specimens on the trees well distributed. Several special imple- ments have been devised for use in thinning fruit, but a good pair of WOOL Ship your lot to ourselves and receive Immediate cash payment and the highest market price. We will treat you right. Win. Stone Sons, Limited WOODSTOCK, ONTARIO Established 1870 3U It require* more discrimination and judgment to thin fruit than to pick it. In the thinning of peaches, it is an exceptionally heavy crop, thinning I a good rule to allow none of the fruit prevents serious damage from the j to hang closer than four inches apart, breaking down of limbs and crotches. This means that in years of heavy This is not always u logical argument setting as much as two-thirds of the unless we remove an unusual amount crop should be removed in June. On of the crop from the branches that some of the beat fruit farms in the are less able to hold the heavy load, I country this practice is regarded as i for if we remove only a comparatively indispensable. No accurate estimates small proportion of the specimens we of the cost of thinning fruit can be! will have as much, if not more weight, given, because so much depends on i left on the trees, and as a matter of i the form of the tree and the quality dollarn and cents it will seldom pay of the fruit to be removed. The re-; Saves Axles ond Harness Wheels turn easier and axles wear longer when they are properly lubricated with Imperial Mica Axle Grease. Its powdered mica flakes form a glassy surface for grease to work over. Thus friction is reduced and wear retarded. It costs less than any other grease because it lasts twice as long. Imperial Eureka Harness Oil keeps your harness pliable, strong and new-looking. It gives leather a rich, black, lasting finish, protects it from moisture, and adds years to its life. It is easily applied and is a big money-saver % on repair bills. Mica Axle Grease and Im- Harness OH are tho teamsters, formers and dealer near you carries convenient aixea. to take off sufficient fruit so that the trees will not needs some prop- ping. In other words fruit trees will not carry more fruit to maturity than gome of the weakest crotches and linvbs can properly hold up. Besides increasing the aize and im- proving the color of the fruit, careful suit also depends upon the kind of help one is able to get and the wages' pid them for doing the work. Large poach trees will probably cost nearly one dollar to thir. with wages at pres- ent levels; apple trees of correspond- ing size will cost about double that amount.